344:
59.17 + Bo 3990, might recollect a mythological narrative about the local
Ammamma and her three daughters, all bearing the same name. Ammamma is also attested in a single ritual text as the head of the pantheon of an unknown city, alongside a local weather god and a group of deities of mostly
332:
There is also evidence that a goddess or goddesses referred to with the name or epithet
Ammamma were worshiped elsewhere across central and northern Anatolia, in cities such as Ḫanḫana, Kašḫa and
157:
argued that Mamma is the base form and that it can be translated as "mother". However, according to
Ingeborg Hoffmann a connection between this goddess and motherhood cannot be established.
191:, though ultimately their role is not clear. Volkert Haas instead described Ammamma as a "divine grandmother", and interpreted her as a deity associated with the earth comparable to
171:, the theonym Ammamma and its variants might have originated as a Hattic term referring to an entire category of goddesses associated with individual locations in the proximity of
718:
Corti, Carlo (2010). ""Because for a long time (the Gods of Zalpa) have been ignored... Hence these offerings in this way do we donate". New
Celebrations in the Zalpuwa Land".
234:
of Taḫurpa
Ammamma appears in standardized lists of deities invoked as witnesses in Hittite treaties alongside a number of other city goddesses (Abara of
340:
AMA.DINGIR (literally "mother of the deity") were involved in her cult. A poorly preserved ritual text dealing with a festival celebrated in Zalpa,
336:. A temple dedicated to her existed in the last of these three locations, and it is presumed the well attested priestesses referred to with the
758:
708:
802:
183:
are mentioned at once. He proposes the individual
Ammammas were similar to the various goddesses designated by the epithet
831:
826:
821:
370:
196:
226:
might have been involved in her cult, though they are also attested in association with rites performed in
326:
322:
247:
358:
350:
341:
192:
161:
279:
798:
754:
735:
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and in the north of the
Hittite Empire. For instance, in a ritual dealing with the deities of
122:
208:
99:
52:
727:
239:
231:
184:
284:
199:
inhabiting the underworld. He also suggested she might have had a negative demonic aspect.
346:
306:
302:
146:
753:. Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1: The Near and Middle East (in German). Brill.
251:
188:
815:
275:
797:. Dresdner Beiträge zur Hethitologie. Vol. 27. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.
271:
310:
290:
166:
154:
354:
263:
775:
748:
259:
213:
104:
57:
337:
138:
113:, and appears in multiple treaties between Hittite kings and foreign rulers.
95:
739:
731:
314:
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of Ḫubešna, Tapišuwa of Išḫupitta, Kuniyawanni of Landa and NIN.ŠEN.ŠEN of
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142:
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83:
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63:
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218:, according to textual sources located in the immediate proximity of
187:, "queen". Both groups according to him can be considered a class of
20:
98:. The best attested Ammamma served as the tutelary goddess of
222:. Priestesses associated with this settlement referred to as
207:
Ammamma was particularly closely associated with the city of
149:
as "high Mamma". The personal name Mamma and the cultic term
145:
is likely etymologically related and can be translated from
411:
409:
407:
394:
392:
390:
388:
386:
450:
448:
35:
Goddess or class of goddesses associated with nature
703:. Writings from the ancient world. Scholars Press.
48:
40:
28:
179:, three separate Ammmammas said to reside in the
8:
90:goddesses worshiped in central and northern
720:Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions
195:, Ḫuḫḫa (a "divine grandfather") and the
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795:Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia
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19:For A turban that Muslim men wear, see
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670:
658:
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750:Geschichte der hethitischen Religion
514:
502:
490:
454:
121:Attested forms of Ammamma's name in
238:, Ḫantitaššu of Ḫurma, the divine "
153:might be related to this name too.
141:DÌM.NUN.ME. The name of the deity
14:
246:and Katapa, Ḫallara of Dunna,
1:
780:Reallexikon der Assyriologie
258:'s treaties with Huqqana of
774:Hoffmann, Ingeborg (1987),
82:) was the name of multiple
848:
357:, a tutelary LAMMA deity,
18:
33:
782:(in German), vol. 7
732:10.1163/156921210X500530
701:Hittite Diplomatic Texts
371:Sun goddess of the Earth
793:Taracha, Piotr (2009).
747:Haas, Volkert (1994).
699:Beckman, Gary (1999).
369:, the earth and the
254:). Examples include
325:and Ulmi-Teshub of
117:Name and character
760:978-90-04-29394-6
710:978-0-7885-0551-5
69:
68:
49:Major cult center
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832:Nature goddesses
808:
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776:"Mamma, Ammamma"
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232:tutelary goddess
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108:
61:
26:
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307:Seha River Land
303:Manapa-Tarhunta
282:
270:, and Tette of
211:
205:
164:
119:
102:
55:
36:
24:
17:
16:Hittite goddess
12:
11:
5:
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804:978-3447058858
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790:
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694:
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649:, p. 105.
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637:, p. 106.
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579:
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555:
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531:
529:, p. 131.
519:
517:, p. 300.
507:
505:, p. 419.
495:
493:, p. 609.
483:
471:
469:, p. 116.
459:
457:, p. 433.
444:
442:, p. 330.
432:
420:
418:, p. 329.
403:
381:
380:
378:
375:
321:, and between
256:Šuppiluliuma I
204:
201:
189:nature deities
118:
115:
67:
66:
50:
46:
45:
42:
38:
37:
34:
31:
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15:
13:
10:
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2:
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726:(1): 91–102.
725:
721:
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706:
702:
697:
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692:
684:
679:
676:
673:, p. 98.
672:
667:
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661:, p. 99.
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640:
636:
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628:
625:, p. 87.
624:
619:
616:
613:, p. 81.
612:
607:
604:
601:, p. 63.
600:
595:
592:
589:, p. 59.
588:
583:
580:
577:, p. 50.
576:
571:
568:
565:, p. 43.
564:
559:
556:
553:, p. 25.
552:
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541:, p. 86.
540:
535:
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528:
523:
520:
516:
511:
508:
504:
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487:
484:
481:, p. 53.
480:
475:
472:
468:
463:
460:
456:
451:
449:
445:
441:
440:Hoffmann 1987
436:
433:
430:, p. 57.
429:
424:
421:
417:
416:Hoffmann 1987
412:
410:
408:
404:
401:, p. 97.
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323:Ḫattušili III
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162:Piotr Taracha
160:According to
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59:
54:
51:
47:
44:Amamma, Mamma
43:
39:
32:
27:
22:
794:
784:, retrieved
779:
764:. Retrieved
749:
723:
719:
700:
693:Bibliography
683:Taracha 2009
678:
666:
654:
647:Taracha 2009
642:
635:Beckman 1999
630:
623:Beckman 1999
618:
611:Beckman 1999
606:
599:Beckman 1999
594:
587:Beckman 1999
582:
575:Beckman 1999
570:
563:Beckman 1999
558:
551:Beckman 1999
546:
539:Taracha 2009
534:
527:Taracha 2009
522:
510:
498:
486:
479:Taracha 2009
474:
467:Taracha 2009
462:
435:
428:Taracha 2009
423:
399:Taracha 2009
331:
311:Muwatalli II
280:Duppi-Teššup
223:
206:
159:
155:Volkert Haas
150:
134:
130:
126:
120:
79:
75:
71:
70:
327:Tarḫuntašša
283: [
212: [
165: [
139:logographic
127:am-ma-am-ma
103: [
56: [
41:Other names
816:Categories
786:2023-12-18
766:2023-12-18
671:Corti 2010
659:Corti 2010
377:References
338:sumerogram
309:, between
276:Muršili II
274:, between
248:Ḫuwaššanna
193:Ḫannaḫanna
96:Bronze Age
740:1569-2116
515:Haas 1994
503:Haas 1994
491:Haas 1994
455:Haas 1994
355:Kamrušepa
315:Alaksandu
264:Šattiwaza
230:. As the
181:Black Sea
123:cuneiform
363:Telipinu
349:origin (
143:Kammamma
135:ma-am-ma
131:am-ma-ma
125:include
92:Anatolia
305:of the
295:Niqmepa
272:Nuḫašše
268:Mitanni
220:Hattusa
209:Taḫurpa
203:Worship
185:Kataḫḫa
173:Hattusa
151:ammama-
111:Hattusa
100:Taḫurpa
94:in the
88:Hittite
84:Hattian
72:Ammamma
53:Taḫurpa
29:Ammamma
801:
757:
738:
707:
367:Maliya
347:Luwian
319:Wilusa
301:, and
299:Ugarit
291:Amurru
260:Hayasa
244:Ankuwa
240:queens
236:Šamuḫa
228:Arinna
224:ammama
147:Hattic
76:Amamma
74:(also
21:Ammama
351:Tiwaz
334:Zalpa
287:]
252:Kinza
242:" of
216:]
177:Zalpa
169:]
109:near
107:]
80:Mamma
64:Zalpa
60:]
799:ISBN
755:ISBN
736:ISSN
705:ISBN
313:and
278:and
137:and
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728:doi
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359:Ala
342:KUB
317:of
297:of
289:of
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