274:(often translated as "procreation" or "begotten"), and seemingly took place in both Hattusa and Ankuwa. The opening ceremony likely took place in the temple of Kataḫḫa in the former of the two cities. It had to be performed by the king, but a prince (DUMU.LUGAL) presided over most of the ritual activities. In an early study of the available sources,
250:. According to Oğuz Soysal it can be assumed the goddess of Katapa can also be identified as a local form of Kataḫḫa. This city, as well as two further cult centers of Kataḫḫa, Šalampa and Tawiniya, were located in the proximity of Ankuwa. Furthermore, the goddess bearing this name associated with Ankuwa was venerated in
278:
proposed that it might have served as an initiation into adulthood for a young member of the royal family, but this interpretation has been challenged by Ada Taggar-Cohen, who argues it was instead an example of state religion, and that its goal was simply to acquire the favor of a specific local
254:
as well. The two cities shared close religiously motivated ties with each other. However, it remains uncertain what, if any, relation existed between Kataḫḫa of Ankuwa and the weather god of
Zippalanda, and while it has been proposed both that they were viewed as a couple or as a mother and son,
72:
In Ankuwa, Kataḫḫa was the head of the local pantheon. Goddesses with the same name were also worshiped in Katapa and other nearby settlements. The goddesses of Ankuwa and Katapa additionally appear in diplomatic treaties. The former was also worshiped in
136:, which can be translated as "the divine queen". Multiple goddesses from central Anatolia could be referred to with the name Kataḫḫa, with the city goddess of
717:"Did the Storm God of Zippalanda have a Mother or a Wife? Remarks about the Cults of Kataḫḫa and the Sun Goddess of the Earth in Zippalanda and Ankuwa"
561:
705:
212:
to try to stop it, promising each of these deities a silver model of the city and eight sheep as an offering if they will stop it.
267:
153:
proposes that multiple
Anatolian goddesses sharing names or titles which can be translated as "queen", Hattian Kataḫḫa or
785:
209:
78:
780:
775:
665:"The Prince, the KAR.KID Women and the arzana-house: A Hittite Royal festival to the goddess Kataḫḫa (CTH 633)"
255:
neither view found universal acceptance among
Hittitologists. A sanctuary dedicated to Kataḫḫa also existed in
275:
215:
In treaties, Kataḫḫa of Ankuwa appears as one of the members of a group referred to as "queen goddesses" in
192:. She was also the head of the local pantheon. Maciej Popko has proposed that Ankuwa was located between
204:, KUB 15.1, describes a fire which took place in Ankuwa, and states that the king invoked Kataḫḫa, the "
220:
201:
260:
143:
69:. It has been proposed that goddesses sharing this name were associated with nature and wildlife.
684:
645:
606:
716:
170:
166:
701:
637:
598:
557:
246:, Ḫallara of Dunna, Tapišuwa of Išḫupitta, BELTI, Kuniywanni of Landa and NIN.PISAN.PISAN of
236:
728:
676:
590:
197:
154:
90:
556:. Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 1: The Near and Middle East (in German). Brill.
175:
247:
158:
77:, though it is not certain if she was related in any way to the main local deity, the
769:
688:
610:
700:. Dresdner Beiträge zur Hethitologie. Vol. 27. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.
205:
148:
579:"Zur Chronologie der Götterkreise von Šamuḫa und die "alte Göttin" in Kayalıpınar"
747:
551:
216:
241:
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126:
74:
641:
602:
680:
594:
224:
62:
58:
54:
649:
732:
625:
256:
232:
193:
162:
200:, but this view is not universally accepted. A text from the reign of
626:"Identification of the goddess Ḫuwaššanna with the goddess GAZ.BA.YA"
228:
189:
137:
66:
37:
721:
Asia
Anteriore Antica. Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Civilizations
578:
664:
133:
129:
122:
188:
Kataḫḫa is best attested as the tutelary goddess of the city of
53:
was a name or title of multiple goddesses worshiped in ancient
583:
Zeitschrift für
Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie
393:
391:
161:
linked to wildlife. He also suggests that deities such as
65:, with the best known example being the tutelary deity of
444:
442:
266:
A festival focused on Kataḫḫa is described in the text
259:. Additionally, she was worshiped during a festival of
97:, "queen". Multiple writings are attested, for example
342:
340:
315:
313:
311:
309:
307:
294:
292:
113:. In the oldest texts the name was spelled with an
33:
21:
636:(2). GBPress - Gregorian Biblical Press: 246–254.
8:
532:
520:
508:
496:
484:
397:
331:
28:Name or title of various Hittite goddesses
89:The theonym Kataḫḫa is derived from the
698:Religions of Second Millennium Anatolia
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460:
421:
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370:
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270:633. It was referred to with the term
125:. It could also be represented by the
18:
448:
409:
346:
7:
553:Geschichte der hethitischen Religion
319:
298:
157:Ḫaššušara, can all be understood as
14:
227:, Ḫantitaššu of Ḫurma, Abara of
1:
752:Reallexikon der Assyriologie
624:Polvani, Anna Maria (2010).
263:held in Ḫanḫana and Kašḫa.
669:Altorientalische Forschungn
16:Hattian and Hittite goddess
802:
663:Taggar-Cohen, Ada (2010).
210:weather god of Zippalanda
79:weather god of Zippalanda
26:
696:Taracha, Piotr (2009).
550:Haas, Volkert (2015) .
180:had similar character.
715:Torri, Giulia (2018).
681:10.1524/aofo.2010.0011
219:, which also includes
140:being the best known.
577:Soysal, Oğuz (2019).
279:deity for the ruler.
276:Hans Gustav Güterbock
206:weather god of heaven
746:Ünal, Ahmet (1980),
595:10.1515/za-2019-0006
231:, ŠARRAT of Katapa,
535:, pp. 114–115.
511:, pp. 113–114.
733:10.13128/ASIANA-79
85:Name and character
563:978-90-04-29394-6
533:Taggar-Cohen 2010
521:Taggar-Cohen 2010
509:Taggar-Cohen 2010
497:Taggar-Cohen 2010
485:Taggar-Cohen 2010
398:Taggar-Cohen 2010
373:, pp. 53–54.
332:Taggar-Cohen 2010
44:
43:
34:Major cult center
793:
786:Nature goddesses
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101:, Ka-at-taḫ-ḫa,
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776:Hattian deities
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589:(1): 101–109.
574:
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541:
538:
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525:
523:, p. 116.
513:
501:
499:, p. 115.
489:
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477:
475:, p. 102.
465:
463:, p. 132.
453:
451:, p. 220.
438:
436:, p. 103.
426:
424:, p. 251.
414:
412:, p. 221.
402:
400:, p. 114.
387:
385:, p. 101.
375:
363:
351:
349:, p. 218.
336:
334:, p. 117.
324:
322:, p. 477.
303:
301:, p. 590.
287:
286:
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281:
185:
182:
159:nature deities
117:, rather than
86:
83:
42:
41:
35:
31:
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585:(in German).
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736:. Retrieved
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653:. Retrieved
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629:
614:. Retrieved
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582:
567:. Retrieved
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543:Bibliography
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473:Taracha 2009
468:
461:Taracha 2009
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422:Polvani 2010
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754:(in German)
434:Soysal 2019
240: [
217:Hittitology
174: [
147: [
770:Categories
758:2022-12-18
738:2022-12-18
655:2022-12-18
630:Orientalia
616:2022-12-18
569:2022-12-18
449:Torri 2018
410:Torri 2018
347:Torri 2018
283:References
252:Zippalanda
221:Ḫuwaššanna
208:" and the
127:Sumerogram
75:Zippalanda
748:"Kataḫḫa"
689:155900400
642:0030-5367
611:199545857
603:1613-1150
320:Ünal 1980
299:Haas 2015
171:Zašḫapuna
167:Tetešḫapi
111:Ḫa-taḫ-ḫa
107:Ḫa-tág-ga
103:Ka-taḫ-ga
99:Ka-taḫ-ḫa
650:43077914
272:ḫaššumaš
261:Telipinu
196:and the
63:Hittites
59:Hattians
55:Anatolia
40:, Katapa
257:Hattusa
237:Taḫurpa
233:Ammamma
225:Ḫupišna
194:Hattusa
184:Worship
163:Ammamma
155:Hittite
51:Kataḫḫi
47:Kataḫḫa
22:Kataḫḫa
704:
687:
648:
640:
609:
601:
560:
229:Šamuḫa
190:Ankuwa
138:Ankuwa
95:katta-
91:Hattic
67:Ankuwa
38:Ankuwa
727:(1).
685:S2CID
646:JSTOR
607:S2CID
248:Kinza
244:]
178:]
151:]
134:LUGAL
130:MUNUS
123:vowel
93:word
702:ISBN
638:ISSN
599:ISSN
558:ISBN
169:and
109:and
61:and
729:doi
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587:109
268:CTH
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223:of
57:by
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