410:
422:
98:
47:
961:
779:
113:
466:
Second, the microstructure and crystal size of the rock must be appropriate. Amphibolite facies conditions are experienced at temperatures in excess of 500 °C and pressures less than 1.2 GPa, well within the ductile deformation field.
591:
metamorphism; with more advanced heating the majority of rocks begin melting in excess of 650 to 700 °C in the presence of water. In dry rocks, however, additional heat (and burial) may result in
371:
Often the easiest way to determine the true nature of an amphibolite is to inspect its field relationships; especially whether it is interfingered with other metasedimentary rocks, especially
356:
will generally have the same equilibrium mineral assemblage as ortho-amphibolite, with more biotite, and may include more quartz, plagioclase, and depending on the protolith, more
401:
when it is possible to determine the origin of the rock from its characteristics alone (and not from field relationships), particularly when the degree of metamorphism is low.
375:
and other poorly sorted sedimentary rocks. If the amphibolite appears to transgress apparent protolith bedding surfaces it is an ortho-amphibolite, as this suggests it was a
713:
used in construction, paving, facing of buildings, especially because of its attractive textures, dark color, hardness and polishability and its ready availability.
896:
455:
is an indication that the amphibolite may not represent a peak metamorphic grade in the amphibolite facies. Actinolite schist is often the result of
451:
facies conditions. Often, this will take on the crystal form and habit of the original protolith assemblage; actinolite pseudomorphically replacing
439:
First, for an ortho-amphibolite or amphibolite to be classed as a metamorphic amphibolite, it must be certain that the amphibole in the rock is a
997:
862:
767:
397:
was thus coined, largely to avoid the confusion between ortho-amphibolite and para-amphibolite. This term is recommended by the
409:
1994:
800:
557:
Sedimentary para-amphibolite; hornblende/actinolite +/- albite +/- biotite +/- quartz +/- garnet (calcite +/- wollastonite)
843:
815:
796:
921:
889:
882:
1999:
822:
789:
513:
Basalt ortho-amphibolite; hornblende/actinolite +/- albite +/- biotite +/- quartz +/- accessories; often remnant
398:
199:(flaky) structure. The small flakes of black and white in the rock often give it a salt-and-pepper appearance.
829:
1050:
1030:
990:
456:
436:. However, caution must be applied here before embarking on metamorphic mapping based on amphibolite alone.
1475:
428:
of dark-colored amphibolite mingled with light-colored granitic bands, near the Trift
Glacier, Switzerland
421:
1440:
811:
583:
metamorphic trajectories. Amphibolite facies is a result of continuing burial and thermal heating after
463:, and thus may not, necessarily, be a good indicator of metamorphic conditions when taken in isolation.
97:
482:
While it is not impossible to have remnant protolith mineralogy, this is rare. More common is to find
46:
261:
Although tremolite is a metamorphic amphibole, it is most commonly derived from highly metamorphosed
239:
476:
432:
Amphibolite as a rock defines a particular set of temperature and pressure conditions known as the
117:
1725:
1271:
983:
905:
592:
584:
223:
222:' and volcanic sediments may also metamorphose to an amphibolite assemblage. Deposits containing
509:
Amphibolite facies equilibrium mineral assemblages of various protolith rock types consist of:
1226:
763:
699:
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is sometimes used, especially in Europe, to refer to a metamorphosed ortho-amphibolite with a
503:
51:
An amphibolite boulder in the
Botanical Gardens of Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
587:
is exceeded. Further burial and metamorphic compression (but little extra heat) will lead to
1923:
1635:
1422:
1291:
169:
130:
635:). The texture is distinctive, the pyroxene altered to fuzzy, radially arranged actinolite
1735:
1495:
1348:
965:
710:
588:
425:
266:
262:
214:. However, because metamorphism creates minerals entirely based upon the chemistry of the
836:
390:
Thereafter, whole rock geochemistry will suitably identify ortho- from para-amphibolite.
265:, and thus tremolite-talc schist is not generally considered a variety of amphibolite. A
1928:
1770:
1363:
1286:
916:
691:
518:
380:
376:
319:
731:
1988:
1973:
1888:
1853:
1700:
1261:
1166:
664:
524:
280:
106:
1898:
1878:
1750:
1397:
1375:
1316:
1216:
1161:
1146:
1012:
604:
547:
460:
440:
365:
276:
272:
203:
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amphibole is a common product of retrograde metamorphism of metabasalt at (upper)
17:
1787:
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1231:
1201:
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1114:
1087:
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1072:
1035:
926:
778:
636:
616:
569:
514:
491:
448:
307:
291:
185:
37:
732:"BGS Rock Classification Scheme, Volume 2: Classification of metamorphic rocks"
1953:
1938:
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1301:
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1211:
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1171:
1151:
1060:
931:
624:
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608:
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561:
499:
483:
444:
287:
181:
177:
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amphibole. Original magmatic textures, especially crude magmatic layering in
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metamorphic product, and not a retrograde metamorphic product. For instance,
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1465:
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1343:
1311:
1256:
1246:
1221:
1196:
1191:
1131:
1092:
1055:
946:
695:
672:
652:
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361:
343:
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331:
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231:
215:
196:
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703:
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1843:
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1683:
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1560:
1535:
1412:
1387:
1380:
1358:
1353:
1306:
1241:
1126:
1077:
1067:
1025:
936:
612:
543:
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472:
452:
414:
335:
327:
284:
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238:-schist, and others) especially where there has been a certain amount of
227:
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102:
1963:
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1600:
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1181:
1141:
1109:
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1020:
656:
632:
551:
487:
357:
315:
311:
112:
611:; during autogenic hydrothermal circulation the primary mineralogy of
413:
Garnet amphibolite, sold as "Nordic Sunset
Granite", reportedly from
62:
Amphiboles, such as hornblende and actinolite, often with plagioclase.
1873:
1848:
1745:
1705:
1668:
1570:
1435:
1333:
1323:
1276:
1236:
1206:
1136:
1121:
1099:
1045:
1040:
874:
668:
660:
628:
468:
323:
211:
192:
89:
195:. It is typically dark-colored and dense, with a weakly foliated or
1838:
1760:
1755:
1620:
1585:
1505:
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1455:
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and ductile behaviour, including stretching lineations may occur.
420:
408:
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111:
96:
975:
1610:
1555:
1470:
1402:
687:
539:
384:
219:
979:
878:
283:. Igneous rocks with greater than 90% amphiboles, which have a
772:
523:
High-magnesia basalt; as ortho-amphibolite, but may contain
686:
Amphibolite was a favourite material for the production of
157:
151:
663:
or other mafic intrusive rock. In epidiorite the original
145:
133:
275:
composed primarily of hornblende amphibole is called a
564:+/- albite, +/- biotite +/- actinolite +/- garnet +/-
142:
760:
An introduction to
Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology
254:
and other chemically appropriate lithologies create
160:
154:
148:
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1421:
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803:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
139:
136:
84:
79:
71:
66:
56:
639:after pyroxene, and saussuritised plagioclase.
991:
890:
8:
30:
575:Amphibolite facies is usually a product of
998:
984:
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897:
883:
875:
863:Learn how and when to remove this message
739:British Geological Survey Research Report
302:Metamorphic rocks composed primarily of
722:
517:facies assemblages including, notably,
471:texture may occur nearby, if not then
298:Ortho-amphibolite vs. para-amphibolite
29:
7:
801:adding citations to reliable sources
494:and even magmatic amphibole such as
671:) has been replaced by the fibrous
25:
959:
777:
694:) in the central European early
346:of an igneous rock are known as
230:also readily yield amphibolite (
202:Amphibolite frequently forms by
129:
116:Garnet bearing amphibolite from
45:
788:needs additional citations for
387:flows may be more troublesome.
498:rhombohedra, pseudomorphed by
246:masses. Metamorphosed basalt (
1:
279:, which is usually a crystal
762:, 695 pages, Prentice Hall,
2016:
955:
912:
577:Barrovian Facies Sequence
399:British Geological Survey
61:
44:
35:
709:Amphibolite is a common
603:Uralite is a particular
191:, but with little or no
67:Physical Characteristics
1051:Basaltic trachyandesite
1031:Alkali feldspar granite
758:Winter, John D., 2001.
581:Abukuma Facies Sequence
550:, prograde metamorphic
457:hydrothermal alteration
383:and thin metamorphosed
210:igneous rocks, such as
730:Robertson, S. (1999).
619:, etc. has altered to
506:, is often preserved.
429:
418:
121:
109:
1995:Metamorphic petrology
1441:Banded iron formation
536:asbestiform amphibole
527:, a Mg-rich amphibole
424:
412:
115:
100:
27:Metamorphic rock type
922:Prehnite-pumpellyite
797:improve this article
240:contact metamorphism
966:Minerals portal
310:, with subordinate
32:
1797:Specific varieties
906:Metamorphic facies
585:greenschist facies
530:Ultramafic rocks;
504:layered intrusions
434:amphibolite facies
430:
419:
405:Amphibolite facies
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110:
18:Amphibolite facies
2000:Metamorphic rocks
1982:
1981:
1227:Nepheline syenite
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873:
872:
865:
847:
700:Linearbandkeramic
647:The archaic term
637:pseudomorphically
348:ortho-amphibolite
252:ortho-amphibolite
218:, certain 'dirty
101:Amphibolite from
95:
94:
16:(Redirected from
2007:
1924:Rapakivi granite
1636:Metamorphic rock
1423:Sedimentary rock
1292:Quartz monzonite
1000:
993:
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868:
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857:
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751:
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593:granulite facies
560:Pelite; quartz,
354:Para-amphibolite
330:, and accessory
263:ultramafic rocks
256:para-amphibolite
170:metamorphic rock
167:
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88:Mafics, such as
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38:Metamorphic rock
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2015:
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2004:
1985:
1984:
1983:
1978:
1792:
1736:Pseudotachylite
1630:
1417:
1349:Tephriphonolite
1007:
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869:
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794:
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742:
734:
729:
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724:
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711:dimension stone
692:shoe-last-celts
684:
645:
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589:eclogite facies
426:Erratic boulder
407:
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267:holocrystalline
132:
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52:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2013:
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1929:Rhomb porphyry
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1771:Talc carbonate
1768:
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1405:
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1395:
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1383:
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1364:Trachyandesite
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1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1320:
1319:
1314:
1304:
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1289:
1287:Quartz diorite
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1006:Types of rocks
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605:hydrothermally
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172:that contains
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42:
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14:
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10:
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4:
3:
2:
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1889:Litchfieldite
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1857:
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1854:Hyaloclastite
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1701:Litchfieldite
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1262:Phonotephrite
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1167:Hyaloclastite
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853:November 2011
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812:"Amphibolite"
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808:Find sources:
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786:This article
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768:0-13-240342-0
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665:clinopyroxene
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525:anthophyllite
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486:of pyroxene,
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342:which have a
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118:Val di Fleres
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107:Massachusetts
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80:Relationships
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1899:Luxullianite
1879:Lapis lazuli
1824:Blue Granite
1751:Serpentinite
1726:Metapsammite
1648:
1476:Conglomerate
1398:Trondhjemite
1376:Trachybasalt
1317:Pantellerite
1217:Monzogranite
1162:Hornblendite
1147:Granodiorite
1013:Igneous rock
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795:Please help
790:verification
787:
759:
743:. Retrieved
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685:
675:
667:(most often
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602:
595:conditions.
580:
579:or advanced
576:
574:
548:wollastonite
508:
481:
465:
461:metasomatism
438:
433:
431:
394:
392:
389:
379:. Picking a
370:
366:wollastonite
353:
352:
347:
301:
292:lamprophyres
277:hornblendite
273:igneous rock
260:
255:
251:
247:
242:by adjacent
204:metamorphism
201:
124:
123:
36:
1788:Whiteschist
1679:Greenschist
1659:Cataclasite
1649:Amphibolite
1576:Phosphorite
1526:Itacolumite
1451:Calcarenite
1297:Quartzolite
1232:Nephelinite
1202:Lamprophyre
1157:Harzburgite
1115:Napoleonite
1088:Charnockite
1083:Carbonatite
1073:Blairmorite
1036:Anorthosite
942:Amphibolite
927:Greenschist
745:27 February
706:cultures).
617:plagioclase
570:sillimanite
515:greenschist
492:plagioclase
484:phenocrysts
449:greenschist
308:plagioclase
186:plagioclase
125:Amphibolite
57:Composition
31:Amphibolite
1989:Categories
1954:Teschenite
1939:Shonkinite
1914:Pietersite
1909:Novaculite
1819:Borolanite
1804:Adamellite
1721:Metapelite
1689:Calcflinta
1654:Blueschist
1644:Anthracite
1626:Wackestone
1606:Travertine
1551:Lumachelle
1531:Jaspillite
1486:Diamictite
1408:Websterite
1393:Troctolite
1369:Benmoreite
1329:Shonkinite
1302:Rhyodacite
1282:Pyroxenite
1252:Peridotite
1212:Lherzolite
1187:Kimberlite
1177:Ignimbrite
1172:Icelandite
1152:Granophyre
1061:Shoshonite
932:Blueschist
823:newspapers
741:. RR 99-02
717:References
649:epidiorite
643:Epidiorite
625:saussurite
621:actinolite
609:pyroxenite
566:staurolite
562:orthoclase
500:hornblende
477:foliations
445:actinolite
395:metabasalt
288:groundmass
250:) creates
248:metabasalt
182:actinolite
178:hornblende
85:Protoliths
1969:Variolite
1959:Theralite
1949:Tachylite
1934:Rodingite
1904:Mangerite
1884:Larvikite
1869:Jasperoid
1864:Jadeitite
1829:Epidosite
1783:Tectonite
1776:Soapstone
1741:Quartzite
1711:Migmatite
1696:Itabirite
1674:Granulite
1616:Turbidite
1596:Sylvinite
1591:Siltstone
1581:Sandstone
1566:Oil shale
1546:Limestone
1521:Gritstone
1516:Greywacke
1511:Geyserite
1501:Evaporite
1491:Diatomite
1466:Claystone
1431:Argillite
1344:Tachylyte
1312:Comendite
1257:Phonolite
1247:Pegmatite
1222:Monzonite
1197:Lamproite
1192:Komatiite
1132:Foidolite
1093:Enderbite
1056:Mugearite
947:Granulite
696:Neolithic
673:amphibole
653:protolith
532:tremolite
496:pargasite
393:The word
373:greywacke
362:aragonite
344:protolith
340:magnetite
332:leucoxene
304:amphibole
290:, may be
236:grunerite
234:-schist,
232:tremolite
216:protolith
197:schistose
174:amphibole
75:Schistose
1944:Taconite
1919:Pyrolite
1844:Ganister
1814:Aphanite
1809:Appinite
1731:Phyllite
1716:Mylonite
1684:Hornfels
1664:Eclogite
1561:Mudstone
1536:Laterite
1496:Dolomite
1413:Wehrlite
1388:Trachyte
1381:Hawaiite
1359:Tonalite
1354:Tephrite
1307:Rhyolite
1272:Porphyry
1242:Obsidian
1127:Essexite
1078:Boninite
1068:Basanite
1026:Andesite
937:Eclogite
613:pyroxene
607:altered
554:(rarely)
544:pyroxene
519:chlorite
473:mylonite
469:Gneissic
453:pyroxene
441:prograde
415:Murmansk
336:ilmenite
328:titanite
320:chlorite
285:feldspar
270:plutonic
244:granitic
228:siderite
224:dolomite
189:feldspar
103:Cape Cod
1964:Unakite
1894:Llanite
1859:Ijolite
1834:Felsite
1766:Suevite
1601:Tillite
1541:Lignite
1481:Coquina
1446:Breccia
1339:Syenite
1267:Picrite
1182:Ijolite
1142:Granite
1110:Diorite
1105:Diabase
1021:Adakite
917:Zeolite
837:scholar
676:uralite
657:diorite
633:epidote
599:Uralite
552:olivine
488:olivine
475:zones,
358:calcite
316:zoisite
312:epidote
168:) is a
120:, Italy
1874:Kenyte
1849:Gossan
1746:Schist
1706:Marble
1669:Gneiss
1571:Oolite
1436:Arkose
1334:Sovite
1324:Scoria
1277:Pumice
1237:Norite
1207:Latite
1137:Gabbro
1122:Dunite
1100:Dacite
1046:Basalt
1041:Aplite
839:
832:
825:
818:
810:
766:
704:Rössen
669:augite
661:gabbro
629:albite
324:quartz
212:basalt
193:quartz
90:basalt
72:Fabric
1839:Flint
1761:Slate
1756:Skarn
1621:Varve
1586:Shale
1506:Flint
1461:Chert
1456:Chalk
844:JSTOR
830:books
735:(PDF)
688:adzes
220:marls
208:mafic
1611:Tufa
1556:Marl
1471:Coal
1403:Tuff
816:news
764:ISBN
747:2021
702:and
682:Uses
623:and
615:and
568:+/-
540:talc
417:area
385:lava
381:sill
377:dyke
364:and
338:and
226:and
180:and
1974:Wad
799:by
655:of
459:or
206:of
1991::
737:.
678:.
659:,
631:+
546:,
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538:,
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258:.
158:aɪ
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860:(
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851:(
841:·
834:·
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155:l
152:ə
149:b
146:ɪ
143:f
140:ˈ
137:m
134:æ
131:/
127:(
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