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that "all men agree the
Egyptians are the healthiest and most long of life among men; and then for the soul they introduced philosophy's training, a pursuit which has the power, not only to establish laws, but also to investigate the nature of the universe. " He declares that Greek writers traveled
1631:
Man perishes; his corpse turns to dust; all his relatives return to the earth. But writings make him remembered in the mouth of the reader. A book is more effective than a well-built house or a tomb-chapel, better than an established villa or a stela in the temple! They gave themselves a book as
1640:"In 2018, projects are under way to translate several ancient Egyptian texts for the first time. Yet we already have a wide variety of genres to choose from in order to study the manuscripts from a philosophical perspective: The many maxims in “
1984:
1711:
theology, which retained a focus on a single creative solar deity (though without outright rejection of other gods, which are now seen as manifestations of the main solar deity). This period also saw the development of the concept of the
1632:
their lector-priest, a writing-board as their dutiful son. Teachings are their mausolea, the reed-pen their child, the burnishing-stone their wife. Both great and small are given them as their children, for the writer is chief.
1952:
1726:(c. 1550 BC) may have been "the first to introduce into the history of ideas, the option of a "single god and no other," the first step on the long winding road of monotheism".
1556:
1644:”, the earliest preserved manuscript of this vizier of the fifth dynasty is from the 19th century BC, in which he also argues that you should “follow your heart”; “
2194:
1969:
2220:
1652:” by Khety, who tries to convince his son Pepy to “love books more than your mother” as there is nothing “on earth” like being a scribe; the masterpiece “
1627:", or "Be a Writer" (c. 1200 BC), as a "remarkable example of classical Egyptian philosophy." The manuscript, attributed to the writer Irsesh, states:
2292:
1818:
Fontaine, Carole R. "A Modern Look at
Ancient Wisdom: The Instruction of Ptahhotep Revisited." The Biblical Archaeologist 44, no. 3 (1981): 155-60.
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1941:
1598:. He served as vizier to the pharaoh in the late 25th, early 24th century BC. Ptahhotep is known for his work on ethical behavior, called
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1660:(personality/soul) replies that life is good, that he should rather “ponder life” as it is a burial that is miserable Or we can read
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2106:. New Haven, Conn: Yale Egyptological Seminar, Dept. of Near Eastern Languages and Literatures, The Graduate School, Yale Univ.
2050:
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2002:
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88:
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1703:, though it also drew on previous developments in Egyptian thought, particularly the "New Solar Theology" based around
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121:
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that "Egyptians are reputed to be the oldest of nations, but they have always had laws and a political system."
30:
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2368:
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1668:, whose teaching states that “it is good to finish school, better than the smell of lotus blossoms in summer.”
1648:”, written by a humble middle-class scribe in the 13th century BC, which gives advice to the ordinary man; “
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41:
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1963:
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Theology and cosmology were central concerns in
Egyptian thought. Perhaps the earliest form of a
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1989:
In: Timelines, ed. E. Czerny et al., vol. II, Orientalia
Lovaniensia Analecta 149/II, 129-133
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1949:
Egypt, Israel, and the
Ancient Mediterranean World. Studies in Honor of Donald B. Redford
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1771:"invented numbers and arithmetic... and, most important of all, letters.” In Plato's
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1850:
Simpson, W. K., ed. The Maxims of
Ptahhotep. Las Vegas, Nevada: Evan Blythin, 1986.
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1656:” of the 19th century BC – in which a man laments “the misery of life,” while his
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travels to Egypt to learn: "O Solon, Solon, you Greeks are always children."
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of Samos who "was first to bring to the Greeks all philosophy," according to
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was the only god. This has been described as a "monotheistic revolution" by
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1914:
Egypt, the Trunk of the Tree, A Modern Survey of and
Ancient Land, Vol. II
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attests to Egypt being the original land of wisdom, as when he states in
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Juan José Castillos, Ancient
Egyptian Philosophy, RSUE 31, 2014, 29-37.
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1664:(active in 1170–1140 BC), the leading intellectual of the scribal town
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Genesis in Egypt: the philosophy of ancient
Egyptian creation accounts
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1718:(soul) and its relation to god. According to Goldwasser (2006) the
1613:, speaking on such topics as daily behavior and ethical practices.
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One
Egyptian figure sometimes considered an early 'philosopher' is
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The work, which is believed to have been compiled by his grandson
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1707:. These theological developments also influenced the post-Amarna
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1865:"The Radical Philosophy of Egypt: Forget God and Family, Write!"
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1692:(14th century BCE), which held that the solar creation deity
1609:, is a series of 37 letters or maxims addressed to his son,
1580:. There is some debate regarding its true scope and nature.
913:
1985:"King Apophis of Avaris and the emergence of Monotheism"
1781:
quotes the ancient Egyptian wise men when the law-giver
1738:
regarded Egypt as a place of wisdom and philosophy.
1590:
Wisdom literature § Ancient Egyptian literature
158:
215:
162:
1947:. In Knoppers, Gary N.; Hirsch, Antoine (eds.).
1629:
2188:
1550:
8:
2075:"Aristotle, Politics, Book 7, section 1329b"
1916:. New York: Algora Publishing. p. 131.
1747:to Egypt to seek knowledge. One of them was
1684:also emerged in Egypt, with the rise of the
1858:
1856:
2195:
2181:
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1968:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1889:"Writings from Ancient Egypt: Be a Writer"
1623:, describes the 3200-year-old manuscript "
1557:
1543:
159:
17:
1838:Nile Valley Contributions to Civilization
1802:
29:
1961:
1730:Influence on Ancient Greek philosophy
7:
2557:
1935:
1933:
1654:The Dispute Between a Man and His Ba
2577:
1951:. Leiden/Boston. pp. 179–191.
1621:American Philosophical Association
14:
2305:Ancient Egyptian race controversy
1958:from the original on 18 May 2020.
1942:"Theological Responses to Amarna"
2576:
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2498:
2003:"Isocrates, Busiris, section 22"
1863:Herbjørnsrud, Dag (2018-12-17).
1526:
40:
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2027:"Plato, Phaedrus, section 274d"
1514:Church of the Most High Goddess
1:
2608:Ancient philosophy by culture
2051:"Plato, Timaeus, section 21e"
1686:Amarna theology (or Atenism)
2603:Ancient Egyptian philosophy
2490:Egypt–Mesopotamia relations
2310:Population history of Egypt
1570:Ancient Egyptian philosophy
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2143:Isfet (Egyptian mythology)
1736:ancient Greek philosophers
1625:The Immortality of Writers
1587:
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2507:
2496:
2234:
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2158:Middle Eastern philosophy
1983:Goldwasser, Orly (2006).
1912:Najovits, Simson (2004).
1836:Browder, Anthony (1988).
1642:The Teaching of Ptahhotep
273:
2542:Ancient Egypt portal
2102:Allen, James P. (1988).
1650:The Satire of the Trades
1533:Ancient Egypt portal
1601:The Maxims of Ptahhotep
1742:(b. 436 BC) states in
1673:Theology and cosmology
1634:
1046:Souls of Pe and Nekhen
296:Amenhotep, son of Hapu
2216:Glossary of artifacts
2079:www.perseus.tufts.edu
2055:www.perseus.tufts.edu
2031:www.perseus.tufts.edu
2007:www.perseus.tufts.edu
1940:Assmann, Jan (2004).
1636:Herbjørnsrud writes:
1588:Further information:
1576:works and beliefs of
2163:Philosophy in Coptic
1840:. Karmaic Institute.
1797:Notes and references
2362:Cursive hieroglyphs
2153:Maxims of Ptahhotep
1646:The Teaching of Ani
1206:Symbols and objects
1193:The Indestructibles
1083:Hermes Trismegistus
2335:Funerary practices
2128:African philosophy
1767:that the Egyptian
1619:, writing for the
1455:Books of Breathing
489:Four sons of Horus
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2345:Great Royal Wives
2315:Prehistoric Egypt
1893:www.penguin.co.uk
1567:
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1510:Kemetic Orthodoxy
1485:Related religions
1467:Book of the Earth
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1463:Book of the Dead
1268:Egyptian obelisk
714:Kothar-wa-Khasis
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126:Offering formula
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32:Ancient Egyptian
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2244:Architecture
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2082:. Retrieved
2078:
2069:
2058:. Retrieved
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2034:. Retrieved
2030:
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2010:. Retrieved
2006:
1997:
1988:
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1896:. Retrieved
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1872:. Retrieved
1868:
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1698:egyptologist
1679:monotheistic
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1569:
1568:
1449:
1318:Imiut fetish
1313:Hypocephalus
1298:Hemhem crown
1278:Eye of Horus
1188:Land of Manu
1112:
1111:
1100:
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813:Nebethetepet
806:
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689:Khenti-kheti
667:
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605:
604:
506:
505:
501:Gate deities
494:
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482:
481:
465:
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275:
93:
15:
2582:WikiProject
2396:Mathematics
2357:Hieroglyphs
2271:Portraiture
2239:Agriculture
2226:Main topics
1701:Jan Assmann
1496:Hermeticism
1423:Was-sceptre
1378:Seqtet boat
756:Mehet-Weret
588:Harpocrates
413:Banebdjedet
376:Arensnuphis
2597:Categories
2512:Egyptology
2480:Technology
2443:Philosophy
2391:Literature
2283:Chronology
2138:Egyptology
2084:2019-06-19
2060:2019-06-19
2036:2019-06-19
2012:2019-06-19
1898:2019-06-19
1874:2019-06-19
1761:states in
1749:Pythagoras
1611:Akhethotep
1506:Kemeticism
1428:Winged sun
1393:Set animal
1333:Matet boat
1248:Corn mummy
1144:Werethekau
976:Sebiumeker
776:Meretseger
637:Ikhemu-sek
573:Hermanubis
477:Duau (god)
94:Philosophy
89:Numerology
2416:Mythology
2340:Geography
2330:Dynasties
2278:Astronomy
1964:cite book
1787:Aristotle
1753:Isocrates
1740:Isocrates
1709:Ramesside
1690:Akhenaten
1662:Amennakht
1596:Ptahhotep
1398:Shen ring
1388:Serpopard
1363:Ouroboros
1283:Eye of Ra
1243:Cartouche
1167:Locations
1090:Tjenenyet
1073:Ta-Bitjet
1016:Shesmetet
934:Renenutet
919:Raet-Tawy
833:Nehmetawy
781:Meskhenet
543:Hedjhotep
386:Assessors
122:Offerings
111:Practices
77:Mythology
62:Cosmology
57:Afterlife
2552:Category
2473:District
2468:Capitals
2453:Religion
2436:Titulary
2426:Pharaohs
2406:Military
2401:Medicine
2384:Hieratic
2374:Language
2300:Clothing
2254:Obelisks
2122:See also
1953:Archived
1791:Politics
1779:Socrates
1764:Phaedrus
1682:theology
1323:Khepresh
1139:Wepwawet
1124:Wadj-wer
828:Nehebkau
823:Nefertem
736:Mandulis
674:Kebechet
662:Iusaaset
595:Heryshaf
533:Hatmehit
351:Apedemak
240:Nephthys
136:Pyramids
117:Funerals
34:religion
23:a series
21:Part of
2572:Outline
2562:Commons
2522:Museums
2458:Scribes
2448:Pottery
2379:Demotic
2369:History
2320:Cuisine
2249:Revival
1774:Timaeus
1744:Busiris
1724:Apophis
1705:Amun-Ra
1501:Thelema
1491:Atenism
1418:Ushabti
1368:Pschent
1358:Neshmet
1288:Griffin
1258:Deshret
1063:Taweret
1058:Tatenen
991:Serapis
981:Sekhmet
954:Resheph
897:Qed-her
848:Nekhbet
818:Nebtuwi
679:Khensit
647:Imhotep
642:Imentet
538:Hedetet
391:Astarte
326:Andjety
301:Amesemi
149:Deities
131:Temples
51:Beliefs
2421:People
2288:Cities
2206:topics
2168:Sebayt
2110:
1920:
1720:Hyksos
1451:Amduat
1413:Uraeus
1403:Sphinx
1383:Serekh
1373:Scarab
1338:Medjed
1293:Hedjet
1178:Benben
1149:Wosret
1134:Wepset
1119:Wadjet
1036:Sopdet
1021:Shezmu
1001:Seshat
996:Serket
939:Renpet
924:Rekhyt
902:Qetesh
865:Pakhet
791:Mnevis
766:Menhit
746:Mafdet
741:Medjed
726:Maahes
709:Khonsu
699:Kherty
694:Khepri
558:Hemsut
528:Hathor
523:Hauron
448:Buchis
433:Ba-Pef
418:Bastet
346:Anuket
341:Anubis
316:Amu-Aa
311:Am-heh
265:Tefnut
250:Osiris
217:Ennead
202:Naunet
192:Kauket
182:Hauhet
177:Amunet
164:Ogdoad
2485:Trade
2463:Sites
2411:Music
2325:Dance
2259:Pylon
2221:Index
1956:(PDF)
1945:(PDF)
1783:Solon
1769:Thoth
1759:Plato
1722:king
1440:Texts
1353:Nemes
1343:Menat
1328:Kneph
1303:Hennu
1129:Weneg
1078:Thoth
1041:Sopdu
1031:Sobek
986:Seker
971:Satis
949:Repyt
892:Qebui
875:Petbe
870:Perit
853:Neper
843:Nemty
838:Neith
796:Montu
771:Meret
761:Mehit
751:Mehen
731:Ma'at
704:Khnum
657:Iunit
612:Iabet
583:Horus
578:Hesat
568:Heqet
563:Henet
553:Hemen
472:Dedun
438:Bennu
336:Anput
331:Anhur
306:Ammit
291:Akhty
82:Index
72:Ma'at
2431:List
2350:List
2293:List
2148:Maat
2108:ISBN
1970:link
1918:ISBN
1694:Aten
1408:Tyet
1348:Nebu
1263:Djed
1233:Atet
1228:Atef
1223:Ankh
1218:Abtu
1213:Aani
1183:Duat
1173:Aaru
1107:Unut
1095:Tutu
1068:Tayt
1011:Shed
1006:Shai
880:Ptah
627:Igai
548:Heka
518:Hapi
428:Bata
408:Babi
396:Aten
371:Aqen
361:Apis
356:Apep
321:Anat
286:Aker
281:Aati
235:Isis
225:Atum
172:Amun
153:list
99:Soul
67:Duat
2266:Art
1820:doi
1755:.
1688:of
1026:Sia
966:Sah
929:Rem
801:Mut
786:Min
652:Ipy
632:Ihy
622:Iat
617:Iah
443:Bes
423:Bat
381:Ash
366:Apt
260:Shu
255:Set
245:Nut
230:Geb
197:Kek
187:Heh
2599::
2077:.
2053:.
2029:.
2005:.
1987:.
1966:}}
1962:{{
1932:^
1891:.
1867:.
1855:^
1715:ba
1658:ba
1512:•
1469:•
1465:•
1461:•
1457:•
1453:•
914:Ra
600:Hu
513:Ha
207:Nu
124::
25:on
2196:e
2189:t
2182:v
2116:.
2087:.
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2039:.
2015:.
1991:.
1972:)
1926:.
1901:.
1877:.
1826:.
1822::
1776:,
1603:.
1558:e
1551:t
1544:v
1516:)
1508:(
1474:)
1448:(
1113:W
1101:U
1052:T
960:S
908:R
886:Q
859:P
807:N
720:M
668:K
606:I
507:H
495:G
483:F
466:D
454:C
402:B
276:A
155:)
151:(
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