Angel Mounds - Knowledge (XXG)

925: 823:(8.5 m) above the surrounding area. Based on reports from early European explorers in the southeastern United States who encountered active Mississippian culture villages, this mound was likely the residence of the hereditary chief of the town and the surrounding communities. (It is generally believed that upper-class members of society would live on the highest mounds, while lower-class members inhabited smaller living spaces.) The State of Indiana constructed a modern stairway ascending the mound to protect it from erosion of pedestrian traffic. Archeological evidence suggests there may have been a log stairway in prehistoric times. 851:

levels. The episodes of occupation include a structure at the original ground layer, followed by another structure on what is known as "occupational layer 2". This was then covered by the "inner mound surface", a layer of mound fill and more structures. The structures on this level seemed to have been domestic in nature. The next layer of mound fill is known as the "primary mound surface" and was surmounted by a large rectangular structure with at least two rooms and anterooms, or porticoes, appended to it. The final layer of mound fill is the "secondary mound surface". Due to the amount of historic period soil

6178: 840: 1039: 874: 70: 95: 128: 748:(Until nearly the end of the nineteenth century, the Ohio River was clear and potable. In the mid-twentieth century, the channel was known as an excellent fishing area.) When the site was first settled, the slough was deeper and the Mississippian people kept it cleared of brush and trees; however, by 1939, when official excavation of the Angel site began, the stream had dried-up and the channel had eroded, providing a land surface that was often stable enough to walk across. 530:(corn) surpluses, and resulted in increasingly scarce natural resources that had once enabled the concentration of population. In addition, the people may have been overhunting, and reducing forests through the consumption of wood for constructing buildings and making fires. Archaeologists also theorize that with the collapse of the Angel chiefdom by AD 1450, many of the site's inhabitants relocated downriver to the confluence of the Ohio and 780: 407: 832: 1076:, and Angel Mounds have been grouped together into a "Kincaid Focus" set, due to similarities in pottery assemblages and site plans. Most striking are the comparisons between the Kincaid and Angel sites, which include analogous site plans, stylistic similarities in artifacts, and geographic proximity. These connections have led some scholars to hypothesize that the builders and residents were of the same society. 6185: 555:, and other historical tribes moved into the Ohio River valley from the east over the next 150 years. European explorers and traders subsequently arrived in the area. Anglo-American settlers who migrated to the area from the east and south remained to farm the land. Both the Native Americans and other settlers were attracted by the rich soil and temperate growing season. 916:

grass thatch. Two construction methods were used, one for summer and another for winter. Two circular structures uncovered at the site are likely to have been sweat lodges (similar in use to present-day saunas). Or, they may have been used for meetings. The Mississippians also constructed what is believed to have been a public plaza between Mound A and Mound F.

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mounds would provide an opportunity to conduct a long-term study of a single archaeological site. Although individuals had been surveying the area and digging at the Angel site prior to the beginning of its official excavation in 1939, the archaeological findings were not properly documented. Some individuals also came to the site simply to collect relics.

135: 102: 745:, which existed during the time that the archaeological site was inhabited, created a quiet backwater that surrounded the town on the north, east, and west sides. The slough and channel to the Ohio River provided easy transit for canoes, as well as a source for freshwater fishing, potable water, and bathing. 450:. The large residential and agricultural community was also the political, cultural, and economic center of the chiefdom, whose residents traded with other chiefdoms and peoples along the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. The Angel community primarily inhabited an area bounded by the Ohio River to the south, the 1141:

During the WPA excavation of the site (1939 to 1942), more than 300 burials were uncovered, most of them in the site's east village. Other burials were found on the sides of Mound F, at Mound I, or near the palisade walls. Although there are grave sites found throughout the Angel site, the remains of

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along the stockade walls were also reconstructed. The original inhabitants set the bastions about 120 feet (37 m) apart and projecting 10 feet (3.0 m) to 11 feet (3.4 m) from the wall. The distance between each bastion allowed defenders using arrows or lances to protect the walls from

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of pottery found at the site, 4,569 of them were of the negative-painted type. Textile patterns made inside of the pottery are a trait unique to the Angel site. In May 2006, researchers discovered a probable pottery-making workshop at the site. This discovery further revealed the artistic skills of

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Archeologist Sherri Hilgeman and others have used the distinctive pottery produced at the Angel site and in other satellite communities in this section of the Ohio River valley to define the Angel phase as the middle period between the Emergent Mississippian Yankeetown phase (AD 750 to AD 1000) and

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When residences were no longer "serviceable," the Mississippians burned the structures and constructed a new one over the ashes. Indiana archaeologist Glenn A. Black posited that walls were covered in cane and plastered with mud and straw. Roof composition is uncertain, but Black thought they were

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The Angel site was the regional trading center in a group of associated settlements and hamlets within a 70-mile (110 km) radius. The town overlooks the Ohio River, which borders the town's south side, and includes terraced land and earthen mounds built above the river's flood plain. The main

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sites in the United States for understanding Middle Mississippian culture along the Ohio River, and Native American culture before contact with Europeans. The site occupies more than 600 acres (240 hectares) of land and includes an interpretive center (opened to the public in 1972), recreations of

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and E. Y. Guernsey, Society employees and archaeologists, visited the Angel site as part of a tour to assess Indiana's archaeological sites. Black, who served as the Society's director of archaeology and from 1939 to 1964 supervised excavation and field schools at the Angel site, thought that the

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in present-day southern Illinois). Working with a variety of soils to create a stable mass, the Mississippian people built major earthworks at the Angel site. The community eventually covered about 100 acres (40 hectares) and included thirteen mounds near the Ohio River. Some of these mounds were

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on the summit it is unclear if any structures sat atop this phase. Mound F was destroyed during the process of its excavation and subsequently re-constructed to show its original appearance. The reconstruction features a temple structure surrounded by a palisade and stairs leading to the summit.

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Mound F, the only mound that is completed excavated, was a platform mound measuring 235 feet (72 m) by 239 feet (73 m) and 14.0 feet (4.26 m) in height. Excavations showed that the mound was built in several construction phases with different occupation episodes on the different

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acting as a barrier on the south side. An inner palisade bisected the interior of the site. An entrance to the town was believed to have been on southwest corner of the palisade, based on archaeological findings at that location. Parallel to the stockade walls, another barrier (similar to a

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Laborers carried 67,785 cubic yards (51,825 m) of dirt in baskets from the chute (a waterway along the south side of the town) to create the mound. The lower terrace, measuring 100 feet (30 m) by 100 feet (30 m), is on the south side of the mound. The upper terrace is 28 feet

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have been found at all four sites, ranging from less than one percent near Kincaid to about three or four percent of the assemblage at Wickliffe. Some common pottery styles found in these sites include: Angel Negative Painted, Kincaid Negative Painted, and Matthews Incised. This pottery is

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and named in honor of Glenn Albert Black, the archaeologist who conducted excavations at Angel Mounds from 1939 to 1964, and brought the site to national attention. Since 1945, Indiana University has continued to conduct an archaeology field school at the site during the summer months.

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around AD 1100 and remained there until AD 1450, a period that Marjory Honerkamp defined in the 1970s as the Angel phase. The Angel phase and the Mississippian culture town are named after the Angel family, who in 1852 began purchasing farmland that included the archaeological site.

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earthen structures with either a square or rectangular base. Mound A and Mound F, constructed about AD 1050 to 1100, were used until the Mississippians abandoned the site about AD 1400, and then burned. Mounds I and K may have been constructed over older mound structures.

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the Mississippian culture people. Pottery tools and masses of prepared, slightly-fired clay pieces were also found during the season's excavation. It appeared to be a type of production-line process, with the works awaiting finishing and firing as bowls, jars or figures.

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Mound E, the third largest mound, measures 160 feet (49 m) by 140 feet (43 m). Its upper platform is 45 feet (14 m) by 40 feet (12 m). Because this earthen mound was never cultivated, it is considered to be the site's best example of a truncate mound.

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In 1938, the Indiana Historical Society purchased 480 acres (190 hectares) of property from the Angel family descendants and others to protect the archaeological site from destruction. The mounds were in danger of being destroyed due to construction of a planned

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Archaeologists believe that the Angel community existed from around AD 1100 to around AD 1450, although estimates for the site vary from AD 1000 to AD 1600. Carbon dating of the community indicate it was developed as early as AD 1200 and as late as AD 1500.

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A reconstruction of part of the stockade, based on archeological evidence, was made in 1972. The reconstructed walls are 12 feet (3.7 m) high and have wooden posts set 4 feet (1.2 m) deep into a narrow trench. The walls and posts are covered with

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to the east. Archaeologists have inferred that the smaller communities (villages, hamlets, farmsteads and camp sites) were politically subordinate to the main Angel site. Continuing excavations at the site have revealed new elements of the complex society.

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archaeology laboratory, and a 500-acre (200-hectare) area away from the archaeological site that is a nature preserve. The historic site continues to preserve and relate the story of pre-contact Middle Mississippian indigenous culture on the Ohio River.

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Prehistoric Antiquities of Indiana: A description of the more notable earthworks, mounds, implements and ceremonial objects left in Indiana by our predecessors, together with some information as to their origins and antiquity, and the prehistory of

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In 1946, the Indiana Historical Society transferred ownership of the property to the State of Indiana, but retained the rights to excavate the site. Black remained on the property as its caretaker. Between 1958 and 1962, two

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employed more than 250 workers to excavate 120,000 square feet (11,000 m) of the site, which resulted in the recording and processing of 2.3 million archaeological items. After excavation was temporarily halted during

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Mississippian structures, and a replica of a 1939 WPA archaeology laboratory. A 500-acre (200-hectare) area of the property, which does not include the archaeological site, has a nature preserve and recreational trails.

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Mathias Angel (1819–1899) was among these settlers. In 1852 he began purchasing farmland that also included the archaeological site. The Angel Mounds Historic Site is named after the Angel family and their descendants.

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Angel Mounds scholars believe that the Mississippians abandoned the site by AD 1400, and the Ohio River valley by AD 1650. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, groups of other native peoples, such as the

767:. The fertile soil enabled production of surplus crops, which the Mississippian people used for trade and to support a higher density population that developed artisan and craft specialties such as 6108: 273:

counties in Indiana. The large residential and agricultural community was constructed and inhabited from AD 1100 to AD 1450, and served as the political, cultural, and economic center of the Angel

791:(Mounds A through F), five smaller mounds (Mounds H through L), and at least one large plaza. Mound G, which is older than the others, may not have been part of the Angel phase group. A defensive 3299: 624:

to excavate 120,000 square feet (11,000 m) of the site. These efforts resulted in the recording and processing of 2.3 million archaeological items. Excavation was temporarily halted during

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contact; however, it is not known for certain why the Angel civilization declined. Scholars have speculated that it was potentially due to environmental factors, such as an extended regional

653: 819:. Central Mound contains three levels with a smaller conical mound in the southeast corner of the upper level. The base mound is 644 feet (196 m) long and 335 feet (102 m) wide. 6128: 6101: 3017: 1258: 936:

About 2.4 million artifacts were collected during excavations conducted by WPA workers from 1939 to 1942. One of the most significant artifacts uncovered at the Angel site was a carved

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found the site along the Ohio River ideal for agricultural purposes. Annual spring floods regularly replenished the nutrients in the soil and allowed cultivation of crops that included

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objects were very rare. Based on research and artifacts discovered at the Angel site, it is believed that the Mississippians used bone fishhooks and nets made of cord to catch

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site is close to agricultural fields and is shielded from the river by what is known in the present-day as Three Mile Island. The community faces south across a narrow

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Initial efforts in 1938–39 focused on surveying and clearing the main archaeological site and an outlying camp. From 1939 to 1942, as a project financed by President

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Mound A, also called the Central Mound, is the largest and highest (44 feet (13 m)) in the complex. It also among the largest prehistoric structures in the

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nearly surrounded the approximately 100-acre (40-hectare) town. Mounds A (Central Mound), E, and F (Temple Mound), the largest mounds at the site, are

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The archaeological objects and associated records from Angel Mounds are curated and cared for at the IU Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology in

2424:. Geological Society of America, North-Central Section - 42nd Annual Meeting. Evansville, Indiana: Geological Society of America. pp. 20–11 600:

and real estate development. Eli Lilly in his role as a philanthropist interested in Indiana's prehistory, provided the funds for the purchase.

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The site is named after the Angel family, who in 1852 began purchasing the farmland on which the archaeological site is located. In 1938, the

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Archaeology Field School during the summer months. In 1946, the Indiana Historical Society transferred ownership of the site to the State of

320:, purchased 480 acres (190 hectares) of property to preserve it and to use it for long-term archaeological research. From 1939 to 1942, the 6748: 6124: 5018: 3699: 1903: 1205: 576: 317: 127: 47: 7057: 6985: 6862: 6036: 6011: 5991: 5425: 4873: 3877: 3689: 3664: 3596: 3442: 1133:

and ranges from the smoothed surface and coarser temper of Mississippi Ware to the more polished surface and finer temper of Bell Ware.

3179: 1007:). Spears with projectile points were used to hunt small game. Antler, animal and bird bone, shells, and animal teeth were also found. 7102: 5785: 5565: 5390: 3997: 3626: 3601: 3505: 1065: 1051: 470:

Laborers built the main Angel site sometime after AD 1000. They also established the surrounding villages and farming areas along the

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artifact is 8.5 inches (22 cm) tall and weighs 11.5 pounds (5.2 kg). Similar rare fluorite statues have been found at the

94: 6887: 6782: 3073: 2966: 2860: 2768: 2742: 2527: 1925: 1575: 1466: 1350: 1314: 680:. The site's original purchase was later augmented by Elda Clayton Herts's donation of 20 acres (8.1 hectares) containing an early 6930: 6902: 6867: 5530: 4442: 3679: 2628:

Baumann, Timothy E.; G. William Monaghan; Christopher Peebles; Charla Marshall; Anthony Krus; and Joel Marshall (November 2011).

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Friberg, Christina M.; Pope, Melody K.; Sievert, April; St. Germain, Jennifer; Grimm, Kelsey T.; Herrmann, Edward W. (May 2020).

2615:. Geological Society of America, North-Central Section - 42nd Annual Meeting. Evansville, Indiana: Geological Society of America 2055:

Timothy E. Baumann, G. William Monaghan, Christopher Peebles, Charla Marshall, Anthony Krus, and Joel Marshall (November 2011).

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and Historic Sites that includes more than 600 acres (240 hectares) of land about 8 miles (13 km) southeast of present-day

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and engaged in hunting and farming on the rich bottom lands. In addition, the Mississippian culture is known for its earthen

5941: 5735: 5710: 5630: 5322: 5066: 4462: 4027: 3412: 3402: 3187:(revised ed.). Indianapolis: Indiana Department of Natural Resource, Division of Historic Preservation and Archaeology. 1382:. Indianapolis: Indiana Department of Natural Resources, Division of Historic Preservation and Archaeology. pp. 256–59. 696: 342: 337:. It manages the site through the Indiana State Museum. Archaeological research on Angel Mounds, once conducted through the 6945: 6922: 6907: 4779: 4531: 4407: 4170: 3982: 3530: 3467: 3447: 1125: 839: 617: 321: 305: 304:

in 1964, the property also includes an interpretive center, recreations of Mississippian structures, a replica of a 1939

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in 1964, the same year that the Indiana Historical Society transferred its archeological excavation rights to

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and Historic Sites is the present-day manager of the site. Research on Angel Mounds is conducted through the

289:. The town had as many as 1,000 inhabitants inside the walls at its peak, and included a complex of thirteen 6877: 6802: 6046: 5780: 5770: 5730: 5605: 5337: 5272: 4959: 4769: 4649: 4596: 4546: 4457: 4132: 4127: 4087: 949: 648:(stockade) walls that were not visible from the surface. This project, which extended the work begun by the 270: 3782: 2593: 2569: 1235: 6912: 6695: 6147: 5715: 5435: 5282: 5225: 5159: 5144: 4942: 4624: 4190: 3922: 3674: 3659: 3586: 1161: 957: 535: 443: 282: 3259: 2457: 6817: 6715: 6162: 6142: 5909: 5843: 5790: 5685: 5352: 5317: 5307: 5248: 4175: 3917: 3882: 3525: 3315: 2840: 2653: 2080: 1210: 1156: 1023: 816: 752: 609: 580: 572: 455: 451: 415: 367: 254: 250: 6093: 5585: 3737: 2992: 2894: 1870: 1626: 534:

rivers. A separate Late Mississippian cultural group subsequently emerged that archeologists named the

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grants provided financial support to assess geophysical applications at the site, including use of a

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valley and its tributaries, developed around AD 900. This culture eventually extended as far west as

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excavations at Angel Mounds State Historic Site continue through Indiana University's field school.

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The Temple Mound : Re-Envisioning chronology and function of Mound F on the Angel Site (12VG1)

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Geographic distribution and symbolism of colored mound architecture in the Mississippian Southeast

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Geographic distribution and symbolism of colored mound architecture in the Mississippian Southeast

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Characterization of ceramics found inside Late Prehistoric potter's workshop: Angel Mounds Site

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The 300- to 400-year span in which these types of artifacts and sites are found is called the "

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purposes. In addition to the mounds, the Mississippians constructed structures and a defensive

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Characterization of ceramics found insideLate Prehistoric potter's workshop:Angel Mounds Site

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Speaking with the Ancestors-Mississippian Stone Statuary of the Tennessee-Cumberland region

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Taylor Jr., Robert M., Errol Wayne Stevens, Mary Ann Ponder, and Paul Brockman (1989).

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Robert M. Taylor Jr., Errol Wayne Stevens, Mary Ann Ponder, and Paul Brockman (1989).

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Facing the Final Millennium: Studies in the Late Prehistory of Indiana, A.D. 700-1700

359: 3253: 503:. This settlement was the largest-known town of its time in what became present-day 6061: 6016: 5966: 5956: 5936: 5904: 5805: 5760: 5740: 5525: 5505: 5470: 5385: 5189: 5061: 4984: 4784: 4747: 4616: 4516: 4467: 4370: 4328: 4102: 4067: 3932: 3907: 3834: 3819: 3809: 3797: 3709: 3694: 3611: 1182:

List of archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Indiana

992: 964: 945: 891: 885:(stockade) walls. The outer palisade surrounded the perimeter of the town with the 734: 625: 552: 531: 459: 435: 326: 167: 2630:"The Legacy of Lilly, Black, and the WPA at Angel Mounds Near Evansville, Indiana" 2057:"The Legacy of Lilly, Black, and the WPA at Angel Mounds Near Evansville, Indiana" 3118:

Wagemann, Daniel L. (January 1976). "Angel Mounds "A Porton of Indiana's Past"".

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Daniel L. Wagemann (January 1976). "Angel Mounds "A Portion of Indiana's Past"".

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who settled near the rivers and used them for travel and trade. The widespread

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Caborn-Welborn - Constructing a New Society after the Angel Chiefdom Collapse

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Caborn-Welborn - Constructing a New Society after the Angel Chiefdom Collapse

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employed more than 250 workers under the direction of Indiana archeologist

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Arndts, Paul J.; Gerke, Tammie L.; Elswick, Erika R. (April 24–25, 2008).

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Paul J.Arndts, Tammie L. Gerke, and Erika R. Elswick (April 24–25, 2008).

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For thousands of years, the area that was later organized as the eastern

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Mound Sites of the Ancient South: A Guide to the Mississippian Chiefdoms

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Mound Sites of the Ancient South: A Guide to the Mississippian Chiefdoms

1291: 6761: 5931: 5415: 5292: 5214: 4907: 4890: 4721: 4701: 4155: 4052: 3370: 3097:

Tharpe, James (October 2001). "Mississippian Culture at Angel Mounds".

2945: 1618: 1142:

infant children were "occasionally found beneath the floors of homes."

1000: 984: 803: 796: 768: 548: 523: 504: 483: 427:

the Terminal Mississippian Caborn-Wellborn phase (AD 1400 to AD 1700).

419: 334: 79: 1278:

James Tharpe (October 2001). "Mississippian Culture at Angel Mounds".

341:, is now overseen by the IU Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology at 5277: 4488: 4358: 4007: 3912: 519: 2194: 370:, which is named in reference to its geographical origins along the 7098:

National Register of Historic Places in Vanderburgh County, Indiana

2629: 2056: 6021: 4691: 4437: 3967: 3829: 2798:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press. pp. 19–22. 1037: 1011: 980: 976: 940:

of a seated man, which was found at Mound F in November 1940. The

923: 872: 838: 830: 778: 756: 723: 597: 527: 475: 405: 2872:

The Inquiring Visitor's Guide to Angel Mounds State Historic Site

1991:

The Inquiring Visitor's Guide to Angel Mounds State Historic Site

1906:, Midwestern Archaeology, 9 February 2012, accessed 26 March 2012 1873:

Angel Site: An Archaeological, Historical, and Ethnological Study

1200: 6778:

Akima Pinšiwa Awiiki (Chief Jean-Baptiste de Richardville House)

5981: 3265: 3148:

Angel Site, An Archaeological, Historical and Ethnological Study

2669:

Angel Site, An Archaeological, Historical and Ethnological Study

1674:

Angel Site: An Archaeological, Historical and Ethnological Study

760: 7093:

National Register of Historic Places in Warrick County, Indiana

6730: 6097: 5014: 3281: 963:

Mississippian tools and weapons found at the site were made of

3234:(revised ed.). Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society. 1537:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press. p. 20. 1414:. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. p. 207. 518:

The Mississippian people abandoned the Angel site long before

482:, conical, and ridgetop (as also seen at the largest center, 2720:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society. pp. 34–35. 2029:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society. pp. 34–35. 1505:"Digging into History: Hoosier Archaeologist Glenn A. Black" 1064:, Kentucky, and Indiana, the Mississippian-culture towns of 418:

built and lived in a community (in what became southwestern

1309:. Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press. p. 5. 2870:

Jones, Marjorie Melvin, and Besse Freeman LaBudde (2000).

654:

Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art

3068:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society. p. 213. 3033:"Angel Mounds State Historic Site in Evansville, Indiana" 2173:"Angel Mounds State Historic Site in Evansville, Indiana" 1920:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society. p. 213. 1807:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society. p. 284. 3049:

The History of the Indiana Historical Society, 1830–1980

2701:

Angel Site, Vanderburgh County, Indiana: An Introduction

1989:

Marjorie Melvin Jones and Besse Freeman LaBudde (2000).

1805:

The History of the Indiana Historical Society, 1830–1980

1697:

Angel Site, Vanderburgh County, Indiana: An Introduction

835:

Artist's reconstruction of Mound F and temple structure

2796:

Indiana's 200: The People Who Shaped the Hoosier State

2794:

Gugin, Linda C., and James E. St. Clair, eds. (2015).

1535:

Indiana's 200: The People Who Shaped the Hoosier State

843:

A diagram showing the multiple construction layers of

3105:(4). Central States Archaeological Societies: 54–56. 1566:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society. pp. 1341:. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press. pp. 499:

with 12-foot (3.7 m) walls and punctuated with

277:. It extended within 120 miles (190 km) of the 6701:

History of the National Register of Historic Places

6670: 6192: 6158:

History of the National Register of Historic Places

6135: 5897: 5829: 5361: 5090: 4866: 4798: 4730: 4669: 4662: 4615: 4487: 4476: 4406: 4257: 4214: 4146: 3854: 3728: 3640: 3559: 3486: 3349: 3340: 2208: 2206: 1533:Linda C. Gugin and James E. St. Clair, ed. (2015). 877:

A section of reconstructed palisade at Angel Mounds

656:, was one of the "first comprehensive tests in the 632:Archaeology Field School during the summer months. 236: 228: 223: 210: 173: 159: 6868:Indiana World War Memorial Plaza Historic District 3146:Black, Glenn Albert, with James H. Kellar (1967). 3126:(1). Central States Archaeological Society: 9–15. 2954: 2844: 2667:Black, Glenn Albert, with James H. Kellar (1967). 2002: 2000: 1559: 1286:(4). Central States Archaeological Societies: 56. 6936:John E. and Catherine E. Christian House (Samara) 6838:Eleutherian College Classroom and Chapel Building 3178:Jones III, James R., and Amy L. Johnson (2016). 2737:. Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press. 2503: 2501: 2251:(1). Central States Archaeological Society: 14. 881:Archaeological excavation revealed a set of two 1984: 1982: 1980: 1978: 1976: 1974: 1654: 1652: 1330: 1328: 1326: 7073:Protected areas of Vanderburgh County, Indiana 6998:List of National Historic Landmarks in Indiana 6742: 6109: 5026: 3293: 2268: 2266: 2115: 2113: 2020: 2018: 2016: 707:, is recognized as one of the best-preserved 378:, as far north as the present-day suburbs of 8: 7083:12th-century establishments in North America 3220:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3168:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3150:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society. 3088:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 3051:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society. 3003:(4). Bloomington: Indiana University: 328–29 2961:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society. 2884:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2689:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2671:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society. 2658:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2640:(5). Society for American Archaeology: 34–38 2442:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2085:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 1940:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 1885:(4). Bloomington: Indiana University: 328–29 1672:Glenn A. Black with James H. Kellar (1967). 1378:Brian G. Redmond and James R. Jones (2003). 660:" to assess the instrument's potential on a 410:Pottery making in diorama at museum at Angel 2905:(1). Bloomington: Indiana University: 49–52 2319: 2317: 2127: 2125: 2050: 2048: 2046: 2044: 1042:Mississippian sites on the Lower Ohio River 728:Artists conception of the Angel Mounds site 583:in 1932 and served as the president of the 536:Terminal Mississippian Caborn-Welborn phase 257:, is an archaeological site managed by the 7078:Protected areas of Warrick County, Indiana 6798:Auburn Cord Duesenberg Automobile Facility 6749: 6735: 6727: 6116: 6102: 6094: 5033: 5019: 5011: 4666: 4484: 3346: 3300: 3286: 3278: 2985:Accompanying six photos from 1940 and 1975 2555:Accompanying six photos from 1940 and 1975 1857:Accompanying six photos from 1940 and 1975 1603:(1). Cambridge University Press: 402–405. 1373: 1371: 1085: 737:toward the island and what is present-day 68: 6125:U.S. National Register of Historic Places 5541:Hopewell Culture National Historical Park 2935: 2930:(1). Cambridge University Press: 402–05. 2831:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2199:, University of South Carolina, p. 3 2067:(5). Society for American Archaeology: 37 1608: 1498: 1030:to rehouse the Angel Mounds collections. 48:U.S. National Register of Historic Places 7088:1450s disestablishments in North America 2350:Kevin E. Smith; James V. Miller (2009). 1752: 1750: 1637:(1). Bloomington: Indiana University: 49 1496: 1494: 1492: 1490: 1488: 1486: 1484: 1482: 1480: 1478: 1222: 1220: 1083:". It is divided into three subphases: 1028:Institute of Museum and Library Services 703:The Angel Mounds State Historic Site, a 693:Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology 571:, a nationally known archaeologist from 339:Glenn A. Black Laboratory of Archaeology 6961:Madam C.J. Walker Manufacturing Company 3024:Southern Illinois University Carbondale 2214:Angel Site, Vanderburgh County, Indiana 2142:Angel Site, Vanderburgh County, Indiana 2101:Angel Site, Vanderburgh County, Indiana 2008:Angel Site, Vanderburgh County, Indiana 1528: 1526: 1265:Southern Illinois University Carbondale 1192: 7018:National Historic Landmarks in Indiana 3213: 3161: 3081: 2877: 2821: 2811: 2682: 2651: 2462:Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology 2435: 2078: 1933: 1904:"Angel Mounds Archeology Field School" 1201:"National Register Information System" 511:estimated to be about 200 households. 329:, work resumed in 1945 as part of the 31: 3262:(website is closed as of August 2019) 3120:Central States Archaeological Journal 3099:Central States Archaeological Journal 2245:Central States Archaeological Journal 1658:Kellar, "Glenn A. Black, 1900-1964," 1280:Central States Archaeological Journal 628:, but resumed in 1945 as part of the 7: 1825:Gugin and St Clair, eds., pp. 21–22. 1206:National Register of Historic Places 134: 101: 6012:Norse colonization of North America 2991:Peske, G. Richard (December 1969). 1412:Archaeology of Native North America 1124:Rare painted and incised sherds of 7048:Museums in Warrick County, Indiana 7038:Native American museums in Indiana 7033:Native American history of Indiana 6966:Wallace Circus Winter Headquarters 3316:Mississippian and related cultures 2590:National Historic Landmark summary 2566:National Historic Landmark summary 1869:G. Richard Peske (December 1969). 1232:National Historic Landmark summary 1052:Kincaid Mounds State Historic Site 938:Mississippian culture stone statue 932:statue from Union County, Illinois 442:valley; it extended as far as the 297:(stockade), and other structures. 293:mounds, hundreds of home sites, a 25: 3272:"Angel Mounds Hiking and Biking " 3254:Angel Mounds State Historic Site 2918:Kellar, James H. (January 1966). 2718:Trait Complexes at the Angel Site 2406:Trait Complexes at the Angel Site 2393:Trait Complexes at the Angel Site 2380:Trait Complexes at the Angel Site 2334:Trait Complexes at the Angel Site 2274:Trait Complexes at the Angel Site 2231:Trait Complexes at the Angel Site 2027:Trait Complexes at the Angel Site 1503:Jenna Auber (November 20, 2017). 7068:Geography of Evansville, Indiana 6898:Mabel McDowell Elementary School 6183: 6176: 3309: 1591:James H. Kellar (January 1966). 644:to trace segments of the site's 394:and as far south as present-day 247:Angel Mounds State Historic Site 147:Angel Mounds (the United States) 133: 126: 100: 93: 18:Angel Mounds State Historic Site 7053:Archaeological sites in Indiana 6032:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex 4950:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex 3066:Indiana: A New Historical Guide 2893:Kellar, James H. (March 1967). 2847:Pottery and Chronology at Angel 2511:Pottery and Chronology at Angel 1918:Indiana: A New Historical Guide 1338:Pottery and Chronology at Angel 1167:Southeastern Ceremonial Complex 478:, designed in shapes including 57:U.S. National Historic Landmark 7043:Museums in Evansville, Indiana 6853:Thomas Gaff House (Hillforest) 3332:Timeline of Mississippi valley 1625:James H. Kellar (March 1967). 697:Indiana University Bloomington 343:Indiana University Bloomington 212: 1: 6946:Spencer Park Dentzel Carousel 6908:New Harmony Historic District 4532:Grand Village of the Illinois 2634:The SAA Archaeological Record 2488:The SAA Archaeological Record 2061:The SAA Archaeological Record 1335:Sherri Lynn Hilgeman (2000). 1126:Mississippian culture pottery 618:Works Projects Administration 434:(a simple hierarchy led by a 322:Works Progress Administration 306:Works Projects Administration 150:Show map of the United States 7063:Indiana State Historic Sites 7023:Middle Mississippian culture 6918:Oldfields (J.K. Lilly House) 6793:Athenæum (Das Deutsche Haus) 5997:Mi'kmaq hieroglyphic writing 5947:Eastern Agricultural Complex 4309:Grand Village of the Natchez 2957:Eli Lilly: A Life, 1885–1977 2779:"Glenn A. Black (1900-1964)" 2193:Katherine G. Carter (2014), 1782:"Glenn A. Black (1900-1964)" 1759:"Glenn A. Black (1900-1964)" 1733:"Glenn A. Black (1900-1964)" 1562:Eli Lilly: A Life, 1885–1977 1172:Mississippian stone statuary 787:The site includes six large 672:Angel Mounds was declared a 575:and the Peabody Foundation; 416:Middle Mississippian culture 402:Site development and decline 386:, and ranging east into the 362:was home to a succession of 29:United States historic place 6941:Charles L. Shrewsbury House 6873:Indianapolis Motor Speedway 6758:National Historic Landmarks 6683:National Historic Landmarks 5381:Bandelier National Monument 5255:List of Mississippian sites 5042:Pre-Columbian North America 3327:List of Mississippian sites 2997:Indiana Magazine of History 2920:"Glenn A. Black, 1900-1964" 2899:Indiana Magazine of History 2853:University of Alabama Press 2781:. Indiana Historical Bureau 2761:University of Alabama Press 2516:University of Alabama Press 2508:Sherri L. Hilgeman (2000). 2356:University of Alabama Press 1879:Indiana Magazine of History 1836:Indiana Magazine of History 1784:. Indiana Historical Bureau 1761:. Indiana Historical Bureau 1735:. Indiana Historical Bureau 1631:Indiana Magazine of History 1593:"Glenn A. Black, 1900-1964" 1511:. Indiana Historical Bureau 1459:University of Alabama Press 1177:List of Mississippian sites 783:View of Mound A, narrow end 638:National Science Foundation 74:Mound A, Angel Mound Site, 7119: 7058:Indiana Historical Society 6931:James Whitcomb Riley House 6878:Irwin Union Bank and Trust 6808:Broad Ripple Park Carousel 5801:West Oak Forest Earthlodge 5406:The Bluff Point Stoneworks 5115:Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi) 2953:Madison, James H. (1989). 2216:, p. 469. See also: Black 2144:, p. 468. See also: Black 2103:, p. 473. See also: Black 1834:Kellar, "Glenn A. Black," 1045: 705:National Historic Landmark 674:National Historic Landmark 585:Indiana Historical Society 579:, who became president of 314:Indiana Historical Society 302:National Historic Landmark 7103:Archaeological type sites 6994: 6986:West Union Covered Bridge 6971:General Lew Wallace Study 6893:Madison Historic District 6773: 6691: 6174: 6070: 6042:Three Sisters agriculture 5048: 4977: 3322: 3274:, Southern Indiana Trails 2937:10.1017/S0002731600089824 2336:, p. 41. See also: Black 1610:10.1017/S0002731600089824 1558:James H. Madison (1989). 1114: 1106: 1098: 1093: 1090: 911:Other structural features 487:built for ceremonial and 211:NRHP reference 87: 67: 63: 54: 45: 38: 34: 6981:West Baden Springs Hotel 6951:Clement Studebaker House 5581:Lehner Mammoth-Kill Site 5140:Buttermilk Creek complex 4244:Naval Live Oaks Cemetery 3181:Early Peoples of Indiana 2980:. National Park Service. 2716:Black, Glenn A. (1942). 2699:Black, Glenn A. (1944). 2550:. National Park Service. 1954:"About Angel Mounds" in 1852:. National Park Service. 1010:Of the nearly 2 million 253:), an expression of the 6803:Joseph Bailly Homestead 6783:Allen County Courthouse 6442:Marion: Center Township 5781:Town Creek Indian Mound 5751:Sierra de San Francisco 5606:Meadowcroft Rockshelter 4874:Ballgame (Southeastern) 4770:Long-nosed god maskette 4650:SunWatch Indian Village 4597:Roche-a-Cri Petroglyphs 4458:Ka-Do-Ha Indian Village 3260:Friends of Angel Mounds 3047:Ruegamer, Lana (1980). 3016:Pursell, Corin (2004). 2976:Francine Weiss (1980). 2733:Bowne, Eric D. (2013). 2546:Francine Weiss (1980). 2323:Baumann, et al., p. 38. 2025:Glenn A. Black (1942). 1848:Francine Weiss (1980). 1695:Glenn A. Black (1944). 1257:Pursell, Corin (2004). 950:Henry County, Tennessee 811:Mound A (Central Mound) 587:from 1932 to 1947; and 6956:Tippecanoe Battlefield 6913:North Christian Church 6863:Benjamin Harrison Home 6848:First Christian Church 6696:Keeper of the Register 6148:Keeper of the Register 5436:Coso Rock Art District 5323:Santa Rosa-Swift Creek 5226:List of Hopewell sites 4625:Alligator Effigy Mound 4239:Hickory Ridge Cemetery 4191:Leon-Jefferson culture 3587:Caborn-Welborn culture 1959:. Indiana State Museum 1803:Lana Ruegamer (1980). 1453:David Pollack (2004). 1305:Eric D. Bowne (2013). 1162:Caborn-Welborn culture 1043: 958:Union County, Illinois 933: 878: 847: 836: 827:Mound F (Temple Mound) 784: 729: 538:(AD 1400 to AD 1700). 411: 388:Southeastern Woodlands 6818:Cannelton Cotton Mill 6716:Contributing property 6163:National Park Service 6143:Contributing property 5844:Arlington Springs Man 5686:Portsmouth Earthworks 3354:and Upper Mississippi 1211:National Park Service 1157:Mississippian culture 1041: 1024:National Park Service 999:and freshwater fish ( 927: 876: 842: 834: 817:eastern United States 782: 727: 695:, founded in 1965 at 610:Franklin D. Roosevelt 581:Eli Lilly and Company 573:Ohio State University 542:Subsequent settlement 462:to the west, and the 409: 380:Saint Louis, Missouri 368:Mississippian culture 255:Mississippian culture 195:37.94250°N 87.45722°W 6888:Lincoln Boyhood Home 6843:First Baptist Church 6052:Transoceanic contact 5942:Container Revolution 5516:Gila Cliff Dwellings 5481:Etowah Indian Mounds 4913:Earth/fertility cult 4617:Fort Ancient culture 3501:Dogtooth Bend Mounds 3487:Lower Ohio River and 3473:Steed-Kisker culture 2358:. pp. 144–146. 2289:, v. 2, pp. 499–500. 1509:Indiana History Blog 1443:Hilgeman, pp. 16–19. 1365:Hilegman, pp. 20–32. 1020:Bloomington, Indiana 689:Indiana State Museum 650:University of Oxford 316:, with funding from 259:Indiana State Museum 6976:Marie Webster House 6833:Duck Creek Aqueduct 6828:Eugene V. Debs Home 5972:Green Corn Ceremony 5786:Turkey River Mounds 5576:Lake Jackson Mounds 5396:Blue Spring Shelter 4918:Green Corn Ceremony 4478:Upper Mississippian 4428:Blue Spring Shelter 4148:Fort Walton culture 3602:Hovey Lake District 3229:Lilly, Eli (1937). 2340:, v. 1, pp. 248–49. 2220:, v. 1, pp. 256–61. 1213:. January 23, 2007. 1087: 668:State historic site 642:proton magnetometer 569:Warren K. Moorehead 495:(stockade) made of 237:Designated NHL 200:37.94250; -87.45722 191: / 117:Show map of Indiana 114:Location in Indiana 6057:Underwater panther 5731:Rosenstock Village 5601:Marmes Rockshelter 5586:L'Anse aux Meadows 5000:de Soto Expedition 4965:Underwater panther 4811:Central Algonquian 4522:Fisher Mound Group 4166:Apalachee Province 4133:Waddells Mill Pond 3256:, official website 2924:American Antiquity 2824:has generic name ( 1875:by Glenn A. Black" 1721:, v. 1, pp. 29–40. 1660:American Antiquity 1597:American Antiquity 1410:Dean Snow (2010). 1086: 1044: 934: 879: 848: 837: 785: 741:. The channel and 730: 678:Indiana University 630:Indiana University 509:Glenn Albert Black 458:to the north, the 414:The people of the 412: 382:, in southwestern 331:Indiana University 7028:Mounds in Indiana 7005: 7004: 6823:Levi Coffin House 6813:Butler Fieldhouse 6724: 6723: 6711:Historic district 6153:Historic district 6091: 6090: 6083:Pre-Columbian era 5884:Spirit Cave mummy 5681:Plum Bayou Mounds 5591:Lynch Quarry Site 5110:Ancient Beringian 5008: 5007: 4973: 4972: 4658: 4657: 4274:Atchafalaya Basin 4216:Pensacola culture 4181:Fort Walton Mound 4073:Punk Rock Shelter 4033:Mouse Creek phase 3856:South Appalachian 3850: 3849: 3729:Central and Lower 3670:Castalian Springs 3660:Brentwood Library 3560:Middle Ohio River 3413:Emerald Acropolis 2805:978-0-87195-387-2 2365:978-0-8173-5465-7 1544:978-0-87195-387-2 1421:978-0-13-615686-4 1122: 1121: 526:that reduced the 390:, to present-day 372:Mississippi River 244: 243: 224:Significant dates 16:(Redirected from 7110: 6926:Newspaper Office 6751: 6744: 6737: 6728: 6187: 6186: 6180: 6179: 6118: 6111: 6104: 6095: 6027:Projectile point 5864:Leanderthal Lady 5791:Upward Sun River 5766:Stallings Island 5756:Shell ring sites 5706:Recapture Canyon 5621:Moorehead Circle 5466:El Fin del Mundo 5451:Cueva de la Olla 5257: 5244:Maritime Archaic 5228: 5058: 5035: 5028: 5021: 5012: 4775:Mill Creek chert 4765:Duck River cache 4667: 4485: 4249:Pensacola people 4043:Muscogee (Creek) 3883:Bell Field Mound 3597:Hovey Lake-Klein 3551:Wickliffe Mounds 3526:Rowlandton Mound 3443:Lunsford-Pulcher 3347: 3314: 3313: 3302: 3295: 3288: 3279: 3243: 3225: 3219: 3211: 3209: 3207: 3202:on July 25, 2020 3201: 3195:. Archived from 3186: 3173: 3167: 3159: 3135: 3114: 3093: 3087: 3079: 3060: 3043: 3041: 3039: 3027: 3012: 3010: 3008: 2981: 2972: 2960: 2949: 2939: 2914: 2912: 2910: 2895:"Glenn A. Black" 2889: 2883: 2875: 2874:. Mission Press. 2866: 2850: 2841:Hilgeman, Sherri 2836: 2829: 2823: 2819: 2817: 2809: 2790: 2788: 2786: 2774: 2748: 2729: 2712: 2694: 2688: 2680: 2663: 2657: 2649: 2647: 2645: 2624: 2622: 2620: 2605: 2603: 2601: 2592:. Archived from 2581: 2579: 2577: 2568:. Archived from 2551: 2534: 2533: 2505: 2496: 2495: 2479: 2473: 2472: 2470: 2468: 2454: 2448: 2447: 2441: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2415: 2409: 2402: 2396: 2389: 2383: 2376: 2370: 2369: 2347: 2341: 2330: 2324: 2321: 2312: 2305: 2299: 2296: 2290: 2283: 2277: 2270: 2261: 2260: 2240: 2234: 2227: 2221: 2210: 2201: 2200: 2190: 2184: 2183: 2181: 2179: 2168: 2162: 2155: 2149: 2138: 2132: 2129: 2120: 2119:Hilgeman, p. 14. 2117: 2108: 2097: 2091: 2090: 2084: 2076: 2074: 2072: 2052: 2039: 2038: 2022: 2011: 2004: 1995: 1994: 1993:. Mission Press. 1986: 1969: 1968: 1966: 1964: 1952: 1946: 1945: 1939: 1931: 1913: 1907: 1901: 1895: 1894: 1892: 1890: 1866: 1860: 1853: 1845: 1839: 1832: 1826: 1823: 1817: 1816: 1800: 1794: 1793: 1791: 1789: 1777: 1771: 1770: 1768: 1766: 1754: 1745: 1744: 1742: 1740: 1728: 1722: 1715: 1709: 1708: 1692: 1686: 1685: 1669: 1663: 1656: 1647: 1646: 1644: 1642: 1627:"Glenn A. Black" 1622: 1612: 1588: 1582: 1581: 1565: 1555: 1549: 1548: 1530: 1521: 1520: 1518: 1516: 1500: 1473: 1472: 1450: 1444: 1441: 1435: 1434:Hilgeman, p. 19. 1432: 1426: 1425: 1407: 1401: 1400:Hilegman, p. 17. 1398: 1392: 1391: 1375: 1366: 1363: 1357: 1356: 1332: 1321: 1320: 1302: 1296: 1295: 1275: 1269: 1268: 1254: 1248: 1247: 1245: 1243: 1234:. Archived from 1224: 1215: 1214: 1197: 1088: 1048:Wickliffe Mounds 969:sedimentary rock 930:Ware Mounds Site 604:Early excavation 563:Site acquisition 240:January 29, 1964 232:October 15, 1966 214: 206: 205: 203: 202: 201: 196: 192: 189: 188: 187: 184: 151: 137: 136: 130: 118: 104: 103: 97: 72: 32: 21: 7118: 7117: 7113: 7112: 7111: 7109: 7108: 7107: 7008: 7007: 7006: 7001: 6990: 6769: 6755: 6725: 6720: 6687: 6666: 6194: 6188: 6184: 6182: 6181: 6177: 6172: 6131: 6122: 6092: 6087: 6078:Genetic history 6066: 5920:Ceremonial pipe 5893: 5874:Minnesota Woman 5831: 5825: 5646:Ocmulgee Mounds 5626:Morrison Mounds 5571:Kolomoki Mounds 5561:Kimball Village 5421:Candelaria Cave 5363: 5357: 5338:Suwannee Valley 5273:Old Cordilleran 5253: 5224: 5092: 5086: 5052: 5044: 5039: 5009: 5004: 4990:Clarksdale bell 4969: 4955:Stone box grave 4896:Ceremonial pipe 4862: 4821:Mobilian Jargon 4794: 4726: 4654: 4611: 4479: 4472: 4409: 4402: 4260: 4253: 4210: 4142: 4088:Rucker's Bottom 3878:Beaverdam Creek 3858: 3846: 3730: 3724: 3685:Hiwassee Island 3642: 3636: 3627:Welborn Village 3555: 3516:Millstone Bluff 3489:Confluence area 3488: 3482: 3478:Sugarloaf Mound 3418:Emmons Cemetery 3353: 3351:American Bottom 3342: 3336: 3318: 3308: 3306: 3250: 3228: 3212: 3205: 3203: 3199: 3184: 3177: 3160: 3145: 3142: 3140:Further reading 3117: 3096: 3080: 3076: 3063: 3046: 3037: 3035: 3030: 3015: 3006: 3004: 2990: 2975: 2969: 2952: 2917: 2908: 2906: 2892: 2876: 2869: 2863: 2839: 2830: 2820: 2810: 2806: 2793: 2784: 2782: 2777: 2771: 2751: 2745: 2732: 2715: 2698: 2681: 2666: 2650: 2643: 2641: 2627: 2618: 2616: 2608: 2599: 2597: 2596:on June 7, 2009 2584: 2575: 2573: 2572:on June 7, 2009 2560: 2545: 2542: 2537: 2530: 2507: 2506: 2499: 2481: 2480: 2476: 2466: 2464: 2456: 2455: 2451: 2438:cite conference 2434: 2427: 2425: 2417: 2416: 2412: 2403: 2399: 2390: 2386: 2377: 2373: 2366: 2349: 2348: 2344: 2331: 2327: 2322: 2315: 2311:, v. 2, p. 518. 2306: 2302: 2298:Wageman, p. 13. 2297: 2293: 2284: 2280: 2271: 2264: 2242: 2241: 2237: 2228: 2224: 2211: 2204: 2192: 2191: 2187: 2177: 2175: 2170: 2169: 2165: 2161:, v. 2, p. 504. 2156: 2152: 2148:, v. 2, p. 357. 2139: 2135: 2130: 2123: 2118: 2111: 2107:, v. 1, p. 230. 2098: 2094: 2077: 2070: 2068: 2054: 2053: 2042: 2024: 2023: 2014: 2005: 1998: 1988: 1987: 1972: 1962: 1960: 1955: 1953: 1949: 1932: 1928: 1915: 1914: 1910: 1902: 1898: 1888: 1886: 1868: 1867: 1863: 1847: 1846: 1842: 1833: 1829: 1824: 1820: 1802: 1801: 1797: 1787: 1785: 1780: 1778: 1774: 1764: 1762: 1757: 1756:Footnote 10 in 1755: 1748: 1738: 1736: 1731: 1729: 1725: 1716: 1712: 1694: 1693: 1689: 1671: 1670: 1666: 1657: 1650: 1640: 1638: 1624: 1590: 1589: 1585: 1578: 1557: 1556: 1552: 1545: 1532: 1531: 1524: 1514: 1512: 1502: 1501: 1476: 1469: 1452: 1451: 1447: 1442: 1438: 1433: 1429: 1422: 1409: 1408: 1404: 1399: 1395: 1377: 1376: 1369: 1364: 1360: 1353: 1334: 1333: 1324: 1317: 1304: 1303: 1299: 1277: 1276: 1272: 1256: 1255: 1251: 1241: 1239: 1238:on June 7, 2009 1226: 1225: 1218: 1199: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1148: 1139: 1102:1000–1100/1200 1099:Jonathan Creek 1054: 1036: 922: 913: 907:direct attack. 900:wattle and daub 871: 862: 845:platform mounds 829: 813: 789:platform mounds 777: 722: 682:Woodland period 670: 606: 565: 544: 497:wattle and daub 446:in present-day 404: 356: 351: 285:in present-day 199: 197: 193: 190: 185: 182: 180: 178: 177: 166: 155: 154: 153: 152: 149: 148: 145: 144: 143: 142: 138: 121: 120: 119: 116: 115: 112: 111: 110: 109: 105: 83: 59: 50: 41: 30: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7116: 7114: 7106: 7105: 7100: 7095: 7090: 7085: 7080: 7075: 7070: 7065: 7060: 7055: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7035: 7030: 7025: 7020: 7010: 7009: 7003: 7002: 6995: 6992: 6991: 6989: 6988: 6983: 6978: 6973: 6968: 6963: 6958: 6953: 6948: 6943: 6938: 6933: 6928: 6920: 6915: 6910: 6905: 6900: 6895: 6890: 6885: 6883:Lanier Mansion 6880: 6875: 6870: 6865: 6860: 6855: 6850: 6845: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6820: 6815: 6810: 6805: 6800: 6795: 6790: 6785: 6780: 6774: 6771: 6770: 6756: 6754: 6753: 6746: 6739: 6731: 6722: 6721: 6719: 6718: 6713: 6708: 6706:Property types 6703: 6698: 6692: 6689: 6688: 6686: 6685: 6680: 6674: 6672: 6668: 6667: 6665: 6664: 6659: 6654: 6649: 6644: 6639: 6634: 6629: 6624: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6599: 6594: 6589: 6584: 6579: 6574: 6569: 6564: 6559: 6554: 6549: 6544: 6539: 6534: 6529: 6524: 6519: 6514: 6509: 6504: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6479: 6474: 6469: 6464: 6459: 6454: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6429: 6424: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6394: 6389: 6384: 6379: 6374: 6369: 6364: 6359: 6354: 6349: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6314: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6259: 6254: 6249: 6244: 6239: 6234: 6229: 6224: 6219: 6214: 6209: 6204: 6198: 6196: 6190: 6189: 6175: 6173: 6171: 6170: 6168:Property types 6165: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6139: 6137: 6133: 6132: 6123: 6121: 6120: 6113: 6106: 6098: 6089: 6088: 6086: 6085: 6080: 6075: 6071: 6068: 6067: 6065: 6064: 6059: 6054: 6049: 6044: 6039: 6034: 6029: 6024: 6019: 6014: 6009: 6004: 6002:Mound Builders 5999: 5994: 5989: 5987:Medicine wheel 5984: 5979: 5977:Horned Serpent 5974: 5969: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5934: 5929: 5928: 5927: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5901: 5899: 5895: 5894: 5892: 5891: 5886: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5851: 5846: 5841: 5835: 5833: 5827: 5826: 5824: 5823: 5818: 5813: 5808: 5803: 5798: 5793: 5788: 5783: 5778: 5773: 5768: 5763: 5758: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5738: 5733: 5728: 5723: 5718: 5716:Roberts Island 5713: 5708: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5653: 5651:Old Stone Fort 5648: 5643: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5616:Moaning Cavern 5613: 5608: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5566:Kincaid Mounds 5563: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5533: 5528: 5523: 5518: 5513: 5508: 5503: 5498: 5493: 5488: 5483: 5478: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5446:Cuarenta Casas 5443: 5438: 5433: 5428: 5423: 5418: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5401:Bluefish Caves 5398: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5367: 5365: 5362:Archaeological 5359: 5358: 5356: 5355: 5350: 5345: 5340: 5335: 5330: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5280: 5275: 5270: 5265: 5260: 5259: 5258: 5246: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5230: 5229: 5217: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5160:Caloosahatchee 5157: 5152: 5147: 5145:Caborn-Welborn 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5096: 5094: 5091:Archaeological 5088: 5087: 5085: 5084: 5079: 5074: 5069: 5064: 5059: 5049: 5046: 5045: 5040: 5038: 5037: 5030: 5023: 5015: 5006: 5005: 5003: 5002: 4997: 4995:Mound Builders 4992: 4987: 4982: 4981:Related topics 4978: 4975: 4974: 4971: 4970: 4968: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4946: 4945: 4943:Village bundle 4935: 4930: 4928:Platform mound 4925: 4923:Horned Serpent 4920: 4915: 4910: 4905: 4904: 4903: 4893: 4888: 4883: 4882: 4881: 4870: 4868: 4864: 4863: 4861: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4840: 4839: 4838: 4828: 4823: 4818: 4813: 4808: 4802: 4800: 4796: 4795: 4793: 4792: 4790:Stone statuary 4787: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4767: 4762: 4761: 4760: 4755: 4750: 4740: 4734: 4732: 4728: 4727: 4725: 4724: 4719: 4714: 4709: 4704: 4699: 4694: 4689: 4684: 4679: 4673: 4671: 4664: 4660: 4659: 4656: 4655: 4653: 4652: 4647: 4642: 4640:Leo Petroglyph 4637: 4632: 4627: 4621: 4619: 4613: 4612: 4610: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4584: 4579: 4577:Moccasin Bluff 4574: 4569: 4564: 4559: 4554: 4549: 4544: 4539: 4534: 4529: 4527:Gentleman Farm 4524: 4519: 4514: 4512:Carcajou Point 4509: 4504: 4499: 4493: 4491: 4482: 4474: 4473: 4471: 4470: 4465: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4445: 4443:Caddoan Mounds 4440: 4435: 4430: 4425: 4420: 4414: 4412: 4404: 4403: 4401: 4400: 4398: 4393: 4388: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4368: 4363: 4362: 4361: 4351: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4301: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4271: 4265: 4263: 4255: 4254: 4252: 4251: 4246: 4241: 4236: 4231: 4229:Dauphin Island 4226: 4220: 4218: 4212: 4211: 4209: 4208: 4203: 4198: 4193: 4188: 4183: 4178: 4173: 4168: 4163: 4158: 4152: 4150: 4144: 4143: 4141: 4140: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4075: 4070: 4065: 4060: 4055: 4050: 4045: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4015: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3995: 3990: 3985: 3980: 3975: 3970: 3965: 3960: 3955: 3950: 3945: 3940: 3935: 3930: 3925: 3920: 3915: 3910: 3905: 3903:Bussell Island 3900: 3895: 3890: 3885: 3880: 3875: 3870: 3864: 3862: 3852: 3851: 3848: 3847: 3845: 3844: 3839: 3838: 3837: 3832: 3822: 3817: 3812: 3807: 3802: 3801: 3800: 3790: 3785: 3780: 3775: 3770: 3765: 3760: 3755: 3750: 3745: 3740: 3734: 3732: 3726: 3725: 3723: 3722: 3717: 3712: 3707: 3702: 3697: 3692: 3687: 3682: 3677: 3672: 3667: 3662: 3657: 3655:Beasley Mounds 3652: 3646: 3644: 3638: 3637: 3635: 3634: 3629: 3624: 3619: 3614: 3609: 3604: 3599: 3594: 3589: 3584: 3579: 3574: 3569: 3563: 3561: 3557: 3556: 3554: 3553: 3548: 3543: 3538: 3533: 3528: 3523: 3518: 3513: 3508: 3506:Kincaid Mounds 3503: 3498: 3492: 3490: 3484: 3483: 3481: 3480: 3475: 3470: 3465: 3460: 3455: 3450: 3445: 3440: 3435: 3430: 3425: 3423:Horseshoe Lake 3420: 3415: 3410: 3408:Dickson Mounds 3405: 3400: 3399: 3398: 3393: 3388: 3383: 3378: 3368: 3363: 3357: 3355: 3344: 3338: 3337: 3335: 3334: 3329: 3323: 3320: 3319: 3307: 3305: 3304: 3297: 3290: 3282: 3276: 3275: 3269: 3266:Kincaid Mounds 3263: 3257: 3249: 3248:External links 3246: 3245: 3244: 3226: 3175: 3141: 3138: 3137: 3136: 3115: 3094: 3074: 3061: 3044: 3028: 3013: 2988: 2973: 2967: 2950: 2915: 2890: 2867: 2861: 2837: 2804: 2791: 2775: 2769: 2753:Pollack, David 2749: 2743: 2730: 2713: 2696: 2664: 2625: 2606: 2586:"Angel Mounds" 2582: 2562:"Angel Mounds" 2558: 2541: 2538: 2536: 2535: 2528: 2497: 2474: 2449: 2410: 2397: 2384: 2371: 2364: 2342: 2325: 2313: 2300: 2291: 2278: 2262: 2235: 2222: 2202: 2185: 2163: 2150: 2133: 2131:Tharpe, p. 55. 2121: 2109: 2092: 2040: 2012: 1996: 1970: 1957:"Angel Mounds" 1947: 1926: 1908: 1896: 1861: 1840: 1827: 1818: 1795: 1779:Footnote 3 in 1772: 1746: 1730:Footnote 9 in 1723: 1710: 1687: 1664: 1648: 1583: 1576: 1550: 1543: 1522: 1474: 1467: 1445: 1436: 1427: 1420: 1402: 1393: 1367: 1358: 1351: 1322: 1315: 1297: 1270: 1267:. p. 205. 1249: 1228:"Angel Mounds" 1216: 1191: 1189: 1186: 1185: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1169: 1164: 1159: 1154: 1147: 1144: 1138: 1135: 1131:shell-tempered 1120: 1119: 1116: 1112: 1111: 1108: 1104: 1103: 1100: 1096: 1095: 1092: 1035: 1032: 921: 918: 912: 909: 870: 867: 861: 858: 828: 825: 812: 809: 776: 773: 753:Mississippians 721: 718: 714:Archaeological 669: 666: 622:Glenn A. Black 605: 602: 589:Glenn A. Black 564: 561: 543: 540: 464:Anderson River 403: 400: 392:North Carolina 355: 352: 350: 347: 281:valley to the 242: 241: 238: 234: 233: 230: 226: 225: 221: 220: 215: 208: 207: 175: 171: 170: 164:Evansville, IN 161: 157: 156: 146: 140: 139: 132: 131: 125: 124: 123: 122: 113: 107: 106: 99: 98: 92: 91: 90: 89: 88: 85: 84: 73: 65: 64: 61: 60: 55: 52: 51: 46: 43: 42: 39: 36: 35: 28: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7115: 7104: 7101: 7099: 7096: 7094: 7091: 7089: 7086: 7084: 7081: 7079: 7076: 7074: 7071: 7069: 7066: 7064: 7061: 7059: 7056: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7024: 7021: 7019: 7016: 7015: 7013: 7000: 6999: 6993: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6967: 6964: 6962: 6959: 6957: 6954: 6952: 6949: 6947: 6944: 6942: 6939: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6929: 6927: 6925: 6921: 6919: 6916: 6914: 6911: 6909: 6906: 6904: 6901: 6899: 6896: 6894: 6891: 6889: 6886: 6884: 6881: 6879: 6876: 6874: 6871: 6869: 6866: 6864: 6861: 6859: 6856: 6854: 6851: 6849: 6846: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6826: 6824: 6821: 6819: 6816: 6814: 6811: 6809: 6806: 6804: 6801: 6799: 6796: 6794: 6791: 6789: 6786: 6784: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6775: 6772: 6767: 6763: 6759: 6752: 6747: 6745: 6740: 6738: 6733: 6732: 6729: 6717: 6714: 6712: 6709: 6707: 6704: 6702: 6699: 6697: 6694: 6693: 6690: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6675: 6673: 6669: 6663: 6660: 6658: 6655: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6598: 6595: 6593: 6590: 6588: 6585: 6583: 6580: 6578: 6575: 6573: 6570: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6528: 6525: 6523: 6520: 6518: 6515: 6513: 6510: 6508: 6505: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6473: 6470: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6447:Marion: Other 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6370: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6265: 6263: 6260: 6258: 6255: 6253: 6250: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6240: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6230: 6228: 6225: 6223: 6220: 6218: 6215: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6199: 6197: 6191: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6140: 6138: 6134: 6130: 6126: 6119: 6114: 6112: 6107: 6105: 6100: 6099: 6096: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6073: 6072: 6069: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6035: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6005: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5962:Falcon dancer 5960: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5926: 5923: 5922: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5902: 5900: 5898:Miscellaneous 5896: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5869:Melbourne Man 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5859:La Brea Woman 5857: 5855: 5854:Kennewick Man 5852: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5837: 5836: 5834: 5828: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5807: 5804: 5802: 5799: 5797: 5794: 5792: 5789: 5787: 5784: 5782: 5779: 5777: 5774: 5772: 5769: 5767: 5764: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5746:Serpent Mound 5744: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5734: 5732: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5717: 5714: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5696:Pueblo Bonito 5694: 5692: 5691:Poverty Point 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5676:Pinson Mounds 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5666:Painted Bluff 5664: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5546:Horr's Island 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5529: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5519: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5509: 5507: 5504: 5502: 5499: 5497: 5494: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5484: 5482: 5479: 5477: 5476:Effigy Mounds 5474: 5472: 5469: 5467: 5464: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5441:Crystal River 5439: 5437: 5434: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5424: 5422: 5419: 5417: 5414: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5368: 5366: 5360: 5354: 5353:Weeden Island 5351: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5339: 5336: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5318:Safety Harbor 5316: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5308:Poverty Point 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5288:Paleo-Indians 5286: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5271: 5269: 5266: 5264: 5261: 5256: 5252: 5251: 5250: 5249:Mississippian 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5227: 5223: 5222: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5123: 5121: 5118: 5116: 5113: 5111: 5108: 5106: 5103: 5101: 5098: 5097: 5095: 5089: 5083: 5080: 5078: 5075: 5073: 5070: 5068: 5065: 5063: 5060: 5057: 5056: 5051: 5050: 5047: 5043: 5036: 5031: 5029: 5024: 5022: 5017: 5016: 5013: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4980: 4979: 4976: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4944: 4941: 4940: 4939: 4938:Sacred bundle 4936: 4934: 4931: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4914: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4902: 4899: 4898: 4897: 4894: 4892: 4889: 4887: 4884: 4880: 4877: 4876: 4875: 4872: 4871: 4869: 4865: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4841: 4837: 4834: 4833: 4832: 4829: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4817: 4814: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4804: 4803: 4801: 4797: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4759: 4758:Wulfing cache 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4745: 4744: 4743:Copper plates 4741: 4739: 4736: 4735: 4733: 4729: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4717:Three Sisters 4715: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4700: 4698: 4695: 4693: 4690: 4688: 4687:Little barley 4685: 4683: 4680: 4678: 4675: 4674: 4672: 4668: 4665: 4661: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4645:Serpent Mound 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4622: 4620: 4618: 4614: 4608: 4607:Summer Island 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4568: 4565: 4563: 4560: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4545: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4535: 4533: 4530: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4518: 4515: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4495: 4494: 4492: 4490: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4475: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4459: 4456: 4454: 4451: 4449: 4446: 4444: 4441: 4439: 4436: 4434: 4431: 4429: 4426: 4424: 4421: 4419: 4416: 4415: 4413: 4411: 4410:Mississippian 4405: 4399: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4367: 4364: 4360: 4357: 4356: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4297: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4266: 4264: 4262: 4261:Mississippian 4256: 4250: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4222: 4221: 4219: 4217: 4213: 4207: 4204: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4194: 4192: 4189: 4187: 4184: 4182: 4179: 4177: 4176:Corbin–Tucker 4174: 4172: 4169: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4154: 4153: 4151: 4149: 4145: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4083:Roods Landing 4081: 4079: 4076: 4074: 4071: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4023:Moccasin Bend 4021: 4019: 4016: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3999: 3996: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3964: 3961: 3959: 3956: 3954: 3953:Hoojah Branch 3951: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3934: 3931: 3929: 3926: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3865: 3863: 3861: 3860:Mississippian 3857: 3853: 3843: 3840: 3836: 3833: 3831: 3828: 3827: 3826: 3823: 3821: 3818: 3816: 3813: 3811: 3808: 3806: 3803: 3799: 3796: 3795: 3794: 3791: 3789: 3786: 3784: 3783:Menard-Hodges 3781: 3779: 3776: 3774: 3771: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3761: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3744: 3741: 3739: 3736: 3735: 3733: 3727: 3721: 3720:Swallow Bluff 3718: 3716: 3713: 3711: 3708: 3706: 3703: 3701: 3698: 3696: 3693: 3691: 3688: 3686: 3683: 3681: 3678: 3676: 3673: 3671: 3668: 3666: 3663: 3661: 3658: 3656: 3653: 3651: 3648: 3647: 3645: 3641:Tennessee and 3639: 3633: 3630: 3628: 3625: 3623: 3620: 3618: 3615: 3613: 3610: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3573: 3570: 3568: 3565: 3564: 3562: 3558: 3552: 3549: 3547: 3544: 3542: 3539: 3537: 3534: 3532: 3529: 3527: 3524: 3522: 3519: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3511:Marshall Site 3509: 3507: 3504: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3494: 3493: 3491: 3485: 3479: 3476: 3474: 3471: 3469: 3466: 3464: 3461: 3459: 3456: 3454: 3451: 3449: 3446: 3444: 3441: 3439: 3436: 3434: 3431: 3429: 3426: 3424: 3421: 3419: 3416: 3414: 3411: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3397: 3394: 3392: 3389: 3387: 3384: 3382: 3379: 3377: 3374: 3373: 3372: 3369: 3367: 3364: 3362: 3359: 3358: 3356: 3352: 3348: 3345: 3343:Mississippian 3339: 3333: 3330: 3328: 3325: 3324: 3321: 3317: 3312: 3303: 3298: 3296: 3291: 3289: 3284: 3283: 3280: 3273: 3270: 3267: 3264: 3261: 3258: 3255: 3252: 3251: 3247: 3241: 3237: 3233: 3227: 3223: 3217: 3198: 3194: 3190: 3183: 3182: 3176: 3171: 3165: 3157: 3153: 3149: 3144: 3143: 3139: 3133: 3129: 3125: 3121: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3095: 3091: 3085: 3077: 3075:0-87195-048-0 3071: 3067: 3062: 3058: 3054: 3050: 3045: 3034: 3031:Riley, Erin. 3029: 3025: 3021: 3020: 3014: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2989: 2987: 2986: 2979: 2974: 2970: 2968:0-87195-047-2 2964: 2959: 2958: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2938: 2933: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2916: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2891: 2887: 2881: 2873: 2868: 2864: 2862:0-8173-1035-5 2858: 2854: 2849: 2848: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2827: 2822:|author= 2815: 2807: 2801: 2797: 2792: 2780: 2776: 2772: 2770:0-8173-5126-4 2766: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2744:9780820345772 2740: 2736: 2731: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2702: 2697: 2692: 2686: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2665: 2661: 2655: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2626: 2614: 2613: 2607: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2557: 2556: 2549: 2544: 2543: 2539: 2531: 2529:0-8173-1035-5 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2512: 2504: 2502: 2498: 2493: 2489: 2485: 2478: 2475: 2463: 2459: 2453: 2450: 2445: 2439: 2423: 2422: 2414: 2411: 2407: 2401: 2398: 2394: 2388: 2385: 2381: 2375: 2372: 2367: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2346: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2329: 2326: 2320: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2304: 2301: 2295: 2292: 2288: 2282: 2279: 2275: 2269: 2267: 2263: 2258: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2239: 2236: 2232: 2226: 2223: 2219: 2215: 2209: 2207: 2203: 2198: 2197: 2189: 2186: 2174: 2171:Riley, Erin. 2167: 2164: 2160: 2154: 2151: 2147: 2143: 2137: 2134: 2128: 2126: 2122: 2116: 2114: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2096: 2093: 2088: 2082: 2066: 2062: 2058: 2051: 2049: 2047: 2045: 2041: 2036: 2032: 2028: 2021: 2019: 2017: 2013: 2010:, pp. 462–64. 2009: 2003: 2001: 1997: 1992: 1985: 1983: 1981: 1979: 1977: 1975: 1971: 1958: 1951: 1948: 1943: 1937: 1929: 1927:0-87195-048-0 1923: 1919: 1912: 1909: 1905: 1900: 1897: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1874: 1865: 1862: 1859: 1858: 1851: 1844: 1841: 1837: 1831: 1828: 1822: 1819: 1814: 1810: 1806: 1799: 1796: 1783: 1776: 1773: 1760: 1753: 1751: 1747: 1734: 1727: 1724: 1720: 1714: 1711: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1691: 1688: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1668: 1665: 1661: 1655: 1653: 1649: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1620: 1616: 1611: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1587: 1584: 1579: 1577:0-87195-047-2 1573: 1569: 1564: 1563: 1554: 1551: 1546: 1540: 1536: 1529: 1527: 1523: 1510: 1506: 1499: 1497: 1495: 1493: 1491: 1489: 1487: 1485: 1483: 1481: 1479: 1475: 1470: 1468:0-8173-5126-4 1464: 1460: 1456: 1449: 1446: 1440: 1437: 1431: 1428: 1423: 1417: 1413: 1406: 1403: 1397: 1394: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1374: 1372: 1368: 1362: 1359: 1354: 1352:9780817310356 1348: 1344: 1340: 1339: 1331: 1329: 1327: 1323: 1318: 1316:9780820345772 1312: 1308: 1301: 1298: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1274: 1271: 1266: 1262: 1261: 1253: 1250: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1223: 1221: 1217: 1212: 1208: 1207: 1202: 1196: 1193: 1187: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1158: 1155: 1153: 1150: 1149: 1145: 1143: 1136: 1134: 1132: 1127: 1117: 1115:Tinsley Hill 1113: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1089: 1084: 1082: 1077: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1056:In the lower 1053: 1049: 1040: 1034:Kincaid Focus 1033: 1031: 1029: 1025: 1021: 1016: 1013: 1008: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 990: 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 966: 961: 959: 955: 951: 947: 943: 939: 931: 926: 919: 917: 910: 908: 905: 901: 895: 893: 888: 884: 875: 868: 866: 859: 857: 854: 846: 841: 833: 826: 824: 820: 818: 810: 808: 805: 802: 798: 794: 790: 781: 774: 772: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 749: 746: 744: 740: 736: 726: 719: 717: 715: 710: 706: 701: 698: 694: 690: 685: 683: 679: 675: 667: 665: 663: 659: 655: 651: 647: 643: 639: 633: 631: 627: 623: 619: 615: 611: 603: 601: 599: 593: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 567:In May 1931, 562: 560: 556: 554: 550: 541: 539: 537: 533: 529: 525: 521: 516: 512: 510: 506: 502: 498: 494: 490: 485: 481: 477: 473: 468: 465: 461: 457: 453: 449: 445: 441: 437: 433: 428: 424: 421: 417: 408: 401: 399: 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 369: 365: 364:native groups 361: 360:United States 353: 348: 346: 344: 340: 336: 332: 328: 323: 319: 315: 310: 307: 303: 300:Designated a 298: 296: 292: 288: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 256: 252: 248: 239: 235: 231: 229:Added to NRHP 227: 222: 219: 216: 209: 204: 176: 172: 169: 165: 162: 158: 129: 96: 86: 81: 77: 71: 66: 62: 58: 53: 49: 44: 37: 33: 27: 19: 6996: 6924:The Republic 6923: 6903:Miller House 6788:Angel Mounds 6787: 6062:Water glyphs 6017:Oasisamerica 6007:N.A.G.P.R.A. 5967:Folsom point 5957:Effigy mound 5937:Clovis point 5905:Aridoamerica 5806:Wickiup Hill 5761:Spiro Mounds 5741:Salmon Ruins 5736:Russell Cave 5531:Helen Blazes 5526:Grimes Point 5506:Fort Juelson 5496:Fort Ancient 5471:El Vallecito 5431:Chaco Canyon 5371:Angel Mounds 5370: 5333:Steed-Kisker 5283:Paleo-Arctic 5205:Glacial Kame 5190:Fort Ancient 5082:Post-Classic 5053: 4985:Chevron bead 4891:Burial mound 4785:Shell gorget 4753:Spiro plates 4748:Rogan plates 4567:Knoll Spring 4542:Hartley Fort 4502:Beattie Park 4386:Transylvania 4224:Bottle Creek 4186:Lake Jackson 4068:Pisgah phase 3998:Little Egypt 3948:Garden Creek 3933:Dallas phase 3820:Tipton phase 3798:Nodena phase 3695:Mound Bottom 3680:Fewkes Group 3665:Brick Church 3567:Angel Mounds 3566: 3433:Kuhn Station 3428:John Chapman 3230: 3204:. 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4314:Holly Bluff 4234:Fort Walton 3988:Lamar phase 3842:Walls phase 3738:Belle Meade 3731:Mississippi 3675:Dunbar Cave 3577:Annis Mound 3572:Angel phase 3546:Ware Mounds 3541:Twin Mounds 3391:Ramey state 3376:Monks Mound 2695:(2 volumes) 2518:. pp. 2494:(3): 12–18. 1152:Angel phase 1081:Angel phase 989:cannel coal 954:Ware Mounds 853:disturbance 709:prehistoric 452:White River 444:Green River 396:Mississippi 283:Green River 267:Vanderburgh 198: / 174:Coordinates 7012:Categories 6858:Grouseland 6642:Washington 6617:Vermillion 6597:Tippecanoe 6557:St. Joseph 6472:Montgomery 6372:Huntington 5992:Metallurgy 5952:Eden point 5849:Buhl Woman 5721:Rock Eagle 5711:River Styx 5636:Mummy Cave 5631:Moundville 5611:Mesa Verde 5596:Marksville 5343:Tchefuncte 5303:Plaquemine 5239:Las Palmas 5155:Calf Creek 5150:Cades Pond 4697:Marshelder 4582:Oak Forest 4552:Hoxie Farm 4366:Pocahontas 4259:Plaquemine 4196:Letchworth 4128:Town Creek 4063:Park Mound 4028:Moundville 4013:Mandeville 4003:Long Swamp 3963:Jere Shine 3815:Quigualtam 3763:Chucalissa 3650:Backusburg 3643:Cumberland 3632:Yankeetown 3617:Slack Farm 3592:Ellerbusch 3496:Adams site 3403:Cloverdale 3174:2 volumes. 3022:(Thesis). 2540:References 2338:Angel Site 2309:Angel Site 2287:Angel Site 2218:Angel Site 2159:Angel Site 2146:Angel Site 2105:Angel Site 1871:"Reviews: 1719:Angel Site 1568:82 and 126 1263:(Thesis). 1118:1300–1450 1110:1200–1300 1091:Subphases 1060:valley in 1058:Ohio River 1046:See also: 887:Ohio River 472:Ohio River 440:Ohio River 430:The Angel 279:Ohio River 263:Evansville 186:87°27′26″W 183:37°56′33″N 76:Evansville 6412:Kosciusko 6392:Jefferson 6357:Hendricks 6222:Blackford 6195:by county 6037:Stickball 5726:Rock Hawk 5556:Key Marco 5348:Troyville 5328:St. Johns 5313:Red Ocher 5072:Formative 4826:Muskogean 4799:Languages 4712:Sunflower 4572:Mero site 4507:Blood Run 4161:Apalachee 4108:Summerour 4048:Nacoochee 3805:Owl Creek 3700:Riverview 3690:Link Farm 3582:Bone Bank 3536:Turk Site 3531:Towosahgy 3396:Woodhenge 3240:496120054 3216:cite book 3206:August 9, 3193:967939413 3164:cite book 3084:cite book 3038:March 25, 2880:cite book 2814:cite book 2685:cite book 2619:March 26, 2428:March 26, 2178:March 25, 1936:cite book 1662:, p. 402. 1388:251969161 1070:Wickliffe 993:Metalwork 973:sandstone 920:Artifacts 804:pyramidal 662:New World 577:Eli Lilly 456:East Fork 318:Eli Lilly 6587:Sullivan 6542:Randolph 6452:Marshall 6432:Lawrence 6417:LaGrange 6397:Jennings 6352:Harrison 6342:Hamilton 6317:Franklin 6312:Fountain 6287:Delaware 6272:Dearborn 6262:Crawford 5925:Chanunpa 5910:Ballgame 5889:Vero man 5839:Anzick-1 5811:Windover 5771:SunWatch 5701:Rassawek 5521:Glenwood 5411:Brewster 5263:Mogollon 5234:La Jolla 5220:Hopewell 5180:Deptford 5093:cultures 4933:Red Horn 4901:Chanunpa 4879:Northern 4867:Religion 4848:Timucuan 4816:Cherokee 4602:Schwerdt 4562:Juntunen 4537:Griesmer 4480:cultures 4433:Bluffton 4319:Jaketown 4284:Fitzhugh 4138:Wilbanks 4118:Tomotley 4093:Savannah 4058:Ocmulgee 4038:Mulberry 3973:Joe Bell 3893:Biltmore 3888:Bessemer 3753:Campbell 3715:Old Town 3521:Orr-Herl 3458:Orendorf 3453:Mitchell 3386:Mound 72 3381:Mound 34 3366:Big Eddy 3132:43136904 3111:43144284 3007:July 18, 2909:July 18, 2843:(2000). 2785:July 17, 2755:(2004). 2726:19791300 2709:20104588 2644:July 22, 2600:July 23, 2576:July 23, 2257:43136904 2233:, p. 36. 2071:July 22, 2035:19791300 1963:July 25, 1889:July 18, 1838:, p. 51. 1788:July 17, 1765:July 17, 1739:July 17, 1705:20104588 1641:July 18, 1515:July 22, 1292:43144284 1242:July 23, 1146:See also 1107:Angelly 1062:Illinois 1026:and the 1005:drumfish 997:mollusks 956:site in 952:and the 948:site in 942:fluorite 904:bastions 883:palisade 869:Palisade 801:truncate 797:bastions 793:palisade 759:(corn), 739:Kentucky 658:Americas 646:palisade 614:New Deal 520:European 501:bastions 493:palisade 480:platform 454:and its 448:Kentucky 432:chiefdom 384:Illinois 376:Oklahoma 295:palisade 287:Kentucky 275:chiefdom 218:66000124 6762:Indiana 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