660:. A prominent depression is present on the bottom surface of some anterior caudals, a feature present in diplodocids and multiple titanosaurs. Anterior caudals are shorter proportionally, the bones becoming almost double the proportional length towards the end of the tail. Lateral pleurocoels are present on some vertebrae, as well as small lateral foramina. These foramina are known in some titanosaurs and non-titanosaurs, but their phylogenetic distribution is poorly understood. Like in all titanosauriformes, the neural arch is on the anterior portion of the centrum, and the neural spines are elongate and rectangular. The variation along the caudal series is similar to
437:
1921:
1932:
1939:
3333:
142:
748:
4065:
5300:
5294:
3338:
2795:
5289:
2787:
5283:
4057:
1927:
2807:
2801:
4073:
129:
656:, where the anterior face is concave and the posterior face of convex. This convexity is less prominent than more derived titanosaurs, but is still diagnostic of the clade as a whole. The first caudal has a flat anterior and slightly convex posterior face, different from the subsequent vertebrae similar to in
963:
Tidwell, V., Carpenter, K. & Meyer, S. 2001. New
Titanosauriform (Sauropoda) from the Poison Strip Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation (Lower Cretaceous), Utah. In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life. D. H. Tanke & K. Carpenter (eds.). Indiana University Press, Eds. D.H. Tanke & K. Carpenter.
981:
Calvo, J.O. & Bonaparte, J.F. 1991. "Andesaurus delgadoi gen. et sp. nov. (Saurischia-Sauropoda), dinosaurio
Titanosauridae de la Formacion Rio Limay (Albiano-Cenomaniano), Neuquén, Argentina"
5476:
500:
from the lower back, as well as 27 tail vertebrae, divided up into two series from separate parts of the tail. The vertebrae from the middle part of its tail had elongated
947:
625:, where the surface is only articular ridges, and also less reduced than more derived titanosaurs where the articulation is entirely absent. Pre- and post-spinal
696:, their most recent common ancestor, and all of its descendants. The most prominent plesiomorphy is the articulations between its tail vertebrae. In most
1023:
5506:
5417:
954:
Salgado, L., Coria, R.A., & Calvo, J.O. 1997. Evolution of titanosaurid
Sauropods. I: Phylogenetic analysis based on the postcranial evidence.
5496:
945:
Novas, F.E., Salgado, L., Calvo, J.O., & Agnolin, F. 2005. Giant titanosaur (Dinosauria, Sauropoda) from the Late
Cretaceous of Patagonia.
5501:
885:
from the mid-Cretaceous (Albianâearly
Cenomanian) RĂo Limay Formation, NeuquĂ©n Province, Argentina: implications for titanosaur systematics"
383:
1931:
1920:
716:
itself is only characterized by a single feature, the tall neural spines on top of its back vertebrae, and needs further study.
1938:
3332:
967:
Upchurch, P., Barrett, P.M, & Dodson, P. 2004. Sauropoda. In: Weishampel, D.B., Dodson, P., & Osmolska, H. (Eds.).
5511:
5486:
5481:
1016:
650:
627:
603:
595:
583:
569:
561:
700:
titanosaurs, the tail vertebrae articulate with ball-and-socket joints, with the hollowed-out socket end on the front (
4064:
141:
455:
327:
5299:
5293:
436:
5491:
5336:
3337:
1111:
1009:
739:
itself. Thus it is possible that the largest sizes were attained among the more basal members of the clade.
581:, there is no ventral keel under any of the vertebrae, and there is a pneumatic feature on the front of the
2794:
864:
5357:
2806:
2786:
5443:
5326:
5288:
5017:
1299:
400:
304:
5282:
4056:
2800:
604:
4072:
1926:
5471:
5404:
761:
788:
period, about 99.6 to 97 million years ago. For the most part, the
Candeleros represents an ancient
2002:
773:
451:
601:), although poor preservation in other vertebrae means it can only be identified on one bone. The
5057:
2129:
765:
136:
5448:
5430:
5193:
4734:
3481:
3122:
2851:
2039:
747:
413:
5435:
994:
Lydekker (Dinosauria â Sauropoda), the first dinosaur genus with a âGondwananâ distribution.
5064:
4909:
4849:
4491:
4383:
4289:
4180:
3982:
3962:
3901:
3020:
2873:
2720:
2437:
2391:
2371:
2315:
1618:
1395:
1375:
896:
809:
769:
552:
421:
345:
5395:
5331:
5201:
4934:
4827:
4523:
4503:
4484:
4442:
4369:
4355:
4238:
3989:
3909:
3556:
3092:
3083:
2944:
2936:
2863:
2623:
2501:
2322:
2178:
2009:
1738:
1731:
1723:
1710:
1627:
1173:
1160:
1123:
1096:
1071:
1032:
785:
721:
615:
577:
541:
215:
5208:
5123:
5005:
4950:
4900:
4712:
4705:
4651:
4623:
4578:
4551:
4426:
4391:
4333:
4260:
4173:
3937:
3816:
3788:
3767:
3752:
3674:
3647:
3465:
3449:
3415:
3258:
3057:
2929:
2755:
2494:
2473:
2422:
2414:
2266:
2259:
2166:
2065:
2053:
1861:
1833:
1670:
1641:
1634:
1580:
1494:
1480:
1464:
1439:
1269:
804:
753:
638:
621:
501:
448:
323:
862:
Dinosaurs: The Most
Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages,
5465:
5251:
5236:
5215:
5131:
5091:
5079:
5049:
4998:
4970:
4943:
4864:
4841:
4789:
4720:
4644:
4610:
4599:
4537:
4456:
4419:
4398:
4348:
4326:
4318:
4311:
4304:
4245:
4210:
4187:
4129:
3996:
3975:
3843:
3834:
3823:
3802:
3781:
3759:
3702:
3579:
3516:
3400:
3223:
3199:
3165:
3136:
3129:
3108:
3043:
3036:
3029:
2994:
2985:
2922:
2914:
2907:
2837:
2824:
2741:
2665:
2608:
2587:
2536:
2529:
2522:
2515:
2508:
2465:
2444:
2363:
2340:
2187:
2144:
2046:
2023:
1995:
1826:
1819:
1767:
1663:
1600:
1591:
1473:
1347:
1315:
1283:
1244:
1226:
1205:
901:
880:
789:
732:
467:
428:, it would have had a small head on the end of a long neck and an equally long tail.
417:
79:
5259:
5229:
5222:
5159:
5100:
5026:
4958:
4916:
4885:
4871:
4856:
4834:
4818:
4752:
4741:
4692:
4673:
4666:
4544:
4530:
4516:
4470:
4463:
4434:
4405:
4341:
4282:
4224:
4217:
4166:
4159:
4122:
4104:
4091:
4019:
4003:
3944:
3930:
3894:
3887:
3873:
3851:
3745:
3737:
3730:
3709:
3681:
3629:
3615:
3601:
3586:
3537:
3458:
3430:
3423:
3242:
3231:
3208:
3190:
3115:
3101:
3008:
2965:
2958:
2900:
2893:
2656:
2571:
2379:
2329:
2301:
2294:
2273:
2245:
2231:
2151:
2095:
2074:
1760:
1648:
1552:
1508:
1501:
1453:
1425:
1386:
1212:
798:
731:, were also sauropods of enormous size. The most derived group of titanosaurs, the
727:
697:
666:
513:
403:
263:
596:
5389:
5244:
5152:
5138:
5034:
4923:
4878:
4775:
4768:
4761:
4727:
4659:
4637:
4558:
4449:
4144:
3951:
3916:
3809:
3774:
3716:
3695:
3688:
3660:
3593:
3565:
3530:
3523:
3509:
3408:
3393:
3294:
3216:
3179:
3050:
3001:
2762:
2638:
2601:
2594:
2563:
2547:
2487:
2451:
2429:
2349:
2308:
2252:
2224:
2210:
2158:
2111:
2031:
2016:
1988:
1854:
1812:
1798:
1778:
1752:
1698:
1691:
1607:
1573:
1559:
1402:
1340:
1276:
1253:
1219:
1191:
983:
956:
813:
692:
584:
54:
593:, there is an additional ridge supporting the lower articulation for the ribs (
570:
5145:
5072:
5041:
4803:
4630:
4477:
4412:
4376:
4362:
4297:
4268:
4231:
4194:
3723:
3667:
3622:
3572:
3544:
3502:
3438:
3386:
3368:
3355:
3279:
3272:
3265:
3251:
3158:
3151:
3144:
3064:
2976:
2951:
2681:
2631:
2615:
2579:
2480:
2356:
2280:
2194:
2137:
2088:
1840:
1656:
1545:
1409:
1368:
1333:
1062:
781:
247:
199:
99:
64:
41:
5380:
17:
5108:
4990:
4796:
4275:
4253:
4202:
3923:
3880:
3866:
3608:
3301:
3287:
3172:
2886:
2734:
2727:
2458:
2407:
1970:
1957:
1872:
1847:
1805:
1684:
1524:
1291:
1233:
777:
651:
562:
474:("lizard"), because of the proximity of this animal's remains to the Andes.
231:
153:
104:
48:
628:
128:
971:(2nd Edition). Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 259â322.
589:, the latter being found in most neosauropods. Potentially diagnostic for
5374:
5116:
4782:
4592:
3795:
3636:
3495:
2748:
2238:
2081:
1791:
1566:
1538:
1446:
1361:
1354:
1261:
1198:
1080:
1056:
497:
409:
406:
186:
173:
94:
89:
74:
69:
59:
5422:
4152:
2556:
2400:
2287:
1745:
521:
509:
482:
109:
84:
4681:
3859:
1677:
1050:
505:
478:
163:
5351:
832:"Caudal Vertebrae," Tidwell, Carpenter, and Meyer (2001). Page 145.
1001:
746:
683:
525:
463:
435:
425:
396:
5409:
4983:
1487:
613:
are smaller than more basal sauropods, but less reduced than in
5355:
5315:
4089:
3353:
2822:
1955:
1158:
1043:
1005:
2645:
682:
as the most basal known member of
Titanosauria. In fact, this
517:
481:
were found by
Alejandro Delgado, after whom the single known
369:
735:, included some of the smallest known sauropods, including
372:
360:
540:
at 15 metres (49 ft) to 18 metres (59 ft) long.
881:"Anatomy of the basal titanosaur (Dinosauria, Sauropoda)
351:
678:
Several plesiomorphic (primitive) features characterize
796:, the formation also contains fossils of the theropods
719:
Some other basal titanosaurs from
Argentina, including
712:
caudals), as seen in many non-titanosaurian sauropods.
496:
is a partial skeleton consisting of a series of four
384:
375:
366:
354:
348:
990:
Wilson, J.A. & Upchurch, P. 2003. A revision of
357:
5364:
5185:
5090:
5016:
4969:
4933:
4899:
4817:
4751:
4691:
4609:
4576:
4502:
4102:
4018:
3961:
3833:
3646:
3555:
3479:
3448:
3366:
3241:
3198:
3189:
3091:
3082:
3019:
2984:
2975:
2872:
2861:
2835:
2712:
2680:
2664:
2655:
2546:
2390:
2339:
2208:
2177:
2109:
2064:
1968:
1871:
1777:
1709:
1617:
1590:
1522:
1463:
1423:
1385:
1313:
1243:
1171:
1122:
1095:
915:
Salgado, et al. (1997). Wilson and Upchurch (2003).
363:
948:Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales
548:as 7 metric tons (7.7 short tons) in body mass.
420:. Like most sauropods, belonging to one of the
840:
838:
1017:
8:
874:
872:
856:
854:
808:, as well as other sauropods including the
5477:Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of South America
5352:
5312:
5182:
4975:
4930:
4697:
4615:
4584:
4508:
4114:
4110:
4099:
4086:
3967:
3652:
3487:
3378:
3374:
3363:
3350:
3195:
3088:
2981:
2878:
2869:
2843:
2832:
2819:
2709:
2661:
2216:
2121:
2117:
1980:
1976:
1965:
1952:
1783:
1715:
1530:
1460:
1431:
1325:
1321:
1183:
1179:
1168:
1155:
1101:
1092:
1040:
1024:
1010:
1002:
127:
31:
900:
889:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
825:
708:, both ends of the vertebrae are flat (
575:(pneumatic depression). Unlike related
412:which existed during the middle of the
846:The Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs
760:These fossils were discovered in the
7:
508:were also discovered, including two
996:Journal of Systematic Palaeontology
879:Mannion, P.D.; Calvo, J.O. (2011).
848:, Princeton University Press p. 205
964:Indiana University Press. 139-165.
751:Restoration with the contemporary
605:hyposphene-hypantrum articulations
25:
5317:Topics in sauropodomorph research
5298:
5292:
5287:
5281:
4071:
4063:
4055:
3336:
3331:
2805:
2799:
2793:
2785:
1937:
1930:
1925:
1919:
902:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00699.x
633:are present in the vertebrae of
559:bear the typical features of an
344:
140:
780:. This formation dates to the
1:
5497:Fossil taxa described in 1991
536:Total length estimates place
5507:Taxa named by José Bonaparte
5502:Taxa named by Jorge O. Calvo
860:Holtz, Thomas R. Jr. (2012)
704:caudal vertebrae), while in
686:has been defined to contain
644:Tail vertebrae (caudals) of
520:fragments and an incomplete
492:The only known material of
283:Calvo & Bonaparte, 1991
5528:
567:centrum and large lateral
27:Extinct genus of dinosaurs
5322:
5311:
5279:
5181:
4978:
4700:
4618:
4587:
4511:
4117:
4113:
4098:
4085:
4052:
3970:
3655:
3490:
3381:
3377:
3362:
3349:
3329:
2881:
2846:
2831:
2818:
2782:
2708:
2219:
2124:
2120:
1983:
1979:
1964:
1951:
1917:
1786:
1718:
1533:
1434:
1328:
1324:
1186:
1182:
1167:
1154:
1104:
1091:
1039:
310:
303:
137:Scientific classification
135:
126:
34:
5337:List of sauropod species
924:Upchurch, et al. (2004).
443:compared to some humans.
456:José Fernando Bonaparte
395:; "Andes lizard") is a
757:
466:and also includes the
462:, which refers to the
444:
5444:Paleobiology Database
5327:Sauropod neck posture
5018:Opisthocoelicaudiinae
933:Novas, et al. (2005).
865:Winter 2011 Appendix.
750:
439:
5512:Candeleros Formation
5487:Fossils of Argentina
5482:Cretaceous Argentina
762:Candeleros Formation
432:History of discovery
5186:Dubious titanosaurs
2003:Chinshakiangosaurus
883:Andesaurus delgadoi
452:Jorge Orlando Calvo
317:Andesaurus delgadoi
5058:Opisthocoelicaudia
2130:Archaeodontosaurus
844:Paul, G.S., 2010,
758:
504:. Elements of the
445:
5459:
5458:
5431:Open Tree of Life
5358:Taxon identifiers
5349:
5348:
5345:
5344:
5307:
5306:
5277:
5276:
5273:
5272:
5269:
5268:
5194:Bruhathkayosaurus
5177:
5176:
5173:
5172:
5169:
5168:
4895:
4894:
4813:
4812:
4735:Panamericansaurus
4572:
4571:
4568:
4567:
4081:
4080:
4050:
4049:
4046:
4045:
4042:
4041:
4038:
4037:
4014:
4013:
3482:Titanosauriformes
3475:
3474:
3345:
3344:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3311:
3310:
3123:Brachytrachelopan
3078:
3077:
3074:
3073:
2852:Haplocanthosaurus
2814:
2813:
2780:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2713:Dubious sauropods
2704:
2703:
2700:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2204:
2203:
2105:
2104:
2040:Protognathosaurus
1947:
1946:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1907:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1895:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1518:
1517:
1419:
1418:
1309:
1308:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1141:
516:bone, along with
424:ever to walk the
414:Cretaceous Period
335:
334:
284:
16:(Redirected from
5519:
5452:
5451:
5439:
5438:
5426:
5425:
5413:
5412:
5400:
5399:
5398:
5385:
5384:
5383:
5353:
5313:
5302:
5296:
5291:
5285:
5183:
5065:Pellegrinisaurus
4976:
4931:
4910:Bustingorrytitan
4850:Futalognkosaurus
4698:
4616:
4585:
4509:
4492:Diamantinasauria
4384:Pellegrinisaurus
4290:Jiangshanosaurus
4181:Baotianmansaurus
4115:
4111:
4100:
4087:
4076:
4075:
4068:
4067:
4060:
4059:
3983:Diamantinasaurus
3968:
3963:Diamantinasauria
3902:Jiangshanosaurus
3653:
3488:
3379:
3375:
3364:
3351:
3340:
3335:
3196:
3089:
3021:Rebbachisaurinae
2982:
2879:
2874:Rebbachisauridae
2870:
2844:
2833:
2820:
2809:
2803:
2798:
2797:
2790:
2789:
2721:Bothriospondylus
2710:
2662:
2438:Eomamenchisaurus
2392:Mamenchisauridae
2372:Lapparentosaurus
2316:Spinophorosaurus
2217:
2122:
2118:
1981:
1977:
1966:
1953:
1942:
1941:
1934:
1929:
1923:
1784:
1716:
1619:Massospondylidae
1531:
1461:
1432:
1396:Jaklapallisaurus
1376:Thecodontosaurus
1326:
1322:
1184:
1180:
1169:
1156:
1102:
1093:
1086:
1085:
1041:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1003:
934:
931:
925:
922:
916:
913:
907:
906:
904:
876:
867:
858:
849:
842:
833:
830:
792:system. Besides
774:Neuquén Province
653:
639:somphospondylans
637:, like in other
630:
606:
598:
586:
572:
564:
553:dorsal vertebrae
391:
387:
382:
381:
378:
377:
374:
371:
368:
365:
362:
359:
356:
353:
350:
319:
315:
296:A. delgadoi
282:
275:
262:
246:
230:
214:
145:
144:
131:
121:
51:
40:Temporal range:
32:
21:
5527:
5526:
5522:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5517:
5516:
5492:Cenomanian life
5462:
5461:
5460:
5455:
5447:
5442:
5434:
5429:
5421:
5416:
5408:
5403:
5394:
5393:
5388:
5379:
5378:
5373:
5360:
5350:
5341:
5332:Sauropod hiatus
5318:
5303:
5265:
5202:Campylodoniscus
5165:
5086:
5012:
4965:
4935:Nemegtosauridae
4929:
4891:
4828:Argentinosaurus
4809:
4747:
4687:
4605:
4581:
4564:
4524:Atsinganosaurus
4504:Lirainosaurinae
4498:
4485:Xianshanosaurus
4370:Normanniasaurus
4356:Narambuenatitan
4239:Dongyangosaurus
4107:
4094:
4077:
4070:
4062:
4054:
4034:
4010:
3990:Sarmientosaurus
3957:
3910:Phuwiangosaurus
3829:
3642:
3557:Brachiosauridae
3551:
3484:
3471:
3444:
3371:
3358:
3341:
3307:
3237:
3185:
3093:Dicraeosauridae
3084:Flagellicaudata
3070:
3015:
2971:
2945:Nopcsaspondylus
2937:Maraapunisaurus
2866:
2864:Diplodocimorpha
2857:
2840:
2827:
2810:
2792:
2784:
2768:
2692:
2676:
2651:
2624:Tehuelchesaurus
2542:
2502:Tienshanosaurus
2386:
2335:
2323:Tehuelchesaurus
2213:
2200:
2179:Vulcanodontidae
2173:
2114:
2101:
2060:
2010:Gongxianosaurus
1973:
1960:
1943:
1936:
1887:
1867:
1773:
1732:Jingshanosaurus
1724:Chuxiongosaurus
1711:Sauropodiformes
1705:
1628:Adeopapposaurus
1613:
1586:
1527:
1514:
1459:
1428:
1415:
1381:
1318:
1305:
1239:
1176:
1174:Sauropodomorpha
1163:
1161:Sauropodomorpha
1138:
1124:Sauropodomorpha
1118:
1112:Avemetatarsalia
1097:Avemetatarsalia
1087:
1072:Avemetatarsalia
1046:
1045:
1035:
1033:Sauropodomorpha
1030:
987:. 28: 303-310.
978:
976:Further reading
942:
937:
932:
928:
923:
919:
914:
910:
878:
877:
870:
859:
852:
843:
836:
831:
827:
823:
786:Late Cretaceous
745:
722:Argentinosaurus
676:
655:
632:
616:Argentinosaurus
608:
600:
588:
578:Phuwiangosaurus
574:
566:
542:Gregory S. Paul
534:
449:paleontologists
434:
422:largest animals
389:
385:
347:
343:
331:
321:
313:
312:
299:
281:
273:
260:
244:
228:
216:Sauropodomorpha
212:
139:
122:
120:
119:
118:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
46:
45:
44:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5525:
5523:
5515:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5464:
5463:
5457:
5456:
5454:
5453:
5440:
5427:
5414:
5401:
5386:
5370:
5368:
5362:
5361:
5356:
5347:
5346:
5343:
5342:
5340:
5339:
5334:
5329:
5323:
5320:
5319:
5316:
5309:
5308:
5305:
5304:
5280:
5278:
5275:
5274:
5271:
5270:
5267:
5266:
5264:
5263:
5256:
5248:
5241:
5233:
5226:
5219:
5212:
5209:Clasmodosaurus
5205:
5198:
5189:
5187:
5179:
5178:
5175:
5174:
5171:
5170:
5167:
5166:
5164:
5163:
5156:
5149:
5142:
5135:
5128:
5124:Maxakalisaurus
5120:
5113:
5105:
5096:
5094:
5088:
5087:
5085:
5084:
5076:
5069:
5061:
5054:
5046:
5038:
5031:
5022:
5020:
5014:
5013:
5011:
5010:
5006:Quaesitosaurus
5002:
4995:
4987:
4979:
4973:
4967:
4966:
4964:
4963:
4955:
4951:Quaesitosaurus
4947:
4939:
4937:
4928:
4927:
4920:
4913:
4905:
4903:
4901:Saltasauroidea
4897:
4896:
4893:
4892:
4890:
4889:
4882:
4875:
4868:
4861:
4853:
4846:
4838:
4831:
4823:
4821:
4815:
4814:
4811:
4810:
4808:
4807:
4800:
4793:
4786:
4779:
4772:
4765:
4757:
4755:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4745:
4738:
4731:
4724:
4717:
4713:Maxakalisaurus
4709:
4706:Adamantisaurus
4701:
4695:
4689:
4688:
4686:
4685:
4678:
4670:
4663:
4656:
4652:Epachthosaurus
4648:
4641:
4634:
4627:
4624:Antarctosaurus
4619:
4613:
4607:
4606:
4604:
4603:
4596:
4588:
4582:
4579:Eutitanosauria
4577:
4574:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4566:
4565:
4563:
4562:
4555:
4552:Mansourasaurus
4548:
4541:
4534:
4527:
4520:
4512:
4506:
4500:
4499:
4497:
4496:
4488:
4481:
4474:
4467:
4460:
4453:
4446:
4439:
4431:
4427:Tastavinsaurus
4423:
4416:
4409:
4402:
4395:
4392:Petrobrasaurus
4388:
4380:
4373:
4366:
4359:
4352:
4345:
4338:
4334:Malarguesaurus
4330:
4323:
4315:
4308:
4301:
4294:
4286:
4279:
4272:
4265:
4261:Epachthosaurus
4257:
4250:
4242:
4235:
4228:
4221:
4214:
4207:
4199:
4191:
4184:
4177:
4174:Austroposeidon
4170:
4163:
4156:
4149:
4141:
4134:
4126:
4118:
4108:
4103:
4096:
4095:
4090:
4083:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4040:
4039:
4036:
4035:
4033:
4032:
4031:
4030:
4024:
4022:
4016:
4015:
4012:
4011:
4009:
4008:
4000:
3993:
3986:
3979:
3971:
3965:
3959:
3958:
3956:
3955:
3948:
3941:
3938:Tangvayosaurus
3934:
3927:
3920:
3913:
3906:
3898:
3891:
3884:
3877:
3870:
3863:
3856:
3848:
3839:
3837:
3831:
3830:
3828:
3827:
3820:
3817:Tastavinsaurus
3813:
3806:
3799:
3792:
3789:Pukyongosaurus
3785:
3778:
3771:
3768:Liubangosaurus
3764:
3756:
3753:Liaoningotitan
3749:
3742:
3734:
3727:
3720:
3713:
3706:
3699:
3692:
3685:
3678:
3675:Astrophocaudia
3671:
3664:
3656:
3650:
3648:Somphospondyli
3644:
3643:
3641:
3640:
3633:
3626:
3619:
3612:
3605:
3598:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3569:
3561:
3559:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3549:
3541:
3534:
3527:
3520:
3513:
3506:
3499:
3491:
3485:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3470:
3469:
3466:Lourinhasaurus
3462:
3454:
3452:
3450:Camarasauridae
3446:
3445:
3443:
3442:
3435:
3427:
3420:
3416:Dashanpusaurus
3412:
3405:
3397:
3390:
3382:
3372:
3367:
3360:
3359:
3354:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3305:
3298:
3291:
3284:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3259:Dinheirosaurus
3255:
3247:
3245:
3239:
3238:
3236:
3235:
3228:
3220:
3213:
3204:
3202:
3193:
3187:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3176:
3169:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3133:
3126:
3119:
3112:
3105:
3097:
3095:
3086:
3080:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3072:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3061:
3058:Rebbachisaurus
3054:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3025:
3023:
3017:
3016:
3014:
3013:
3005:
2998:
2990:
2988:
2979:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2962:
2955:
2948:
2941:
2933:
2930:Lavocatisaurus
2926:
2919:
2911:
2904:
2897:
2890:
2882:
2876:
2867:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2855:
2847:
2841:
2836:
2829:
2828:
2823:
2816:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2774:
2773:
2770:
2769:
2767:
2766:
2759:
2756:Qinlingosaurus
2752:
2745:
2738:
2731:
2724:
2716:
2714:
2706:
2705:
2702:
2701:
2698:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2689:(see below â )
2686:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2673:(see below â )
2670:
2668:
2659:
2653:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2642:
2635:
2628:
2620:
2612:
2605:
2598:
2591:
2584:
2576:
2568:
2560:
2552:
2550:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2540:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2512:
2505:
2498:
2495:Rhomaleopakhus
2491:
2484:
2477:
2474:Mamenchisaurus
2470:
2462:
2455:
2448:
2441:
2434:
2426:
2423:Chuanjiesaurus
2419:
2415:Cetiosauriscus
2411:
2404:
2396:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2384:
2376:
2368:
2360:
2353:
2345:
2343:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2333:
2326:
2319:
2312:
2305:
2298:
2291:
2284:
2277:
2270:
2267:Dashanpusaurus
2263:
2260:Cetiosauriscus
2256:
2249:
2242:
2235:
2228:
2220:
2214:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2199:
2198:
2191:
2183:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2167:Zizhongosaurus
2163:
2155:
2148:
2141:
2134:
2125:
2115:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2078:
2070:
2068:
2066:Lessemsauridae
2062:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2054:Tuebingosaurus
2050:
2043:
2036:
2028:
2020:
2013:
2006:
1999:
1992:
1984:
1974:
1969:
1962:
1961:
1956:
1949:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1893:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1883:
1877:
1875:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1862:Sefapanosaurus
1858:
1851:
1844:
1837:
1834:Melanorosaurus
1830:
1823:
1816:
1809:
1802:
1795:
1787:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1764:
1757:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1728:
1719:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1695:
1688:
1681:
1674:
1671:Massospondylus
1667:
1660:
1653:
1645:
1642:Glacialisaurus
1638:
1635:Coloradisaurus
1631:
1623:
1621:
1615:
1614:
1612:
1611:
1604:
1596:
1594:
1588:
1587:
1585:
1584:
1581:Tuebingosaurus
1577:
1570:
1563:
1556:
1549:
1542:
1534:
1528:
1523:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1505:
1498:
1495:Pachysauriscus
1491:
1484:
1481:Gresslyosaurus
1477:
1469:
1467:
1465:Plateosauridae
1458:
1457:
1450:
1443:
1440:Plateosauravus
1435:
1429:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1406:
1399:
1391:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1380:
1379:
1372:
1365:
1358:
1351:
1344:
1337:
1329:
1319:
1314:
1311:
1310:
1307:
1306:
1304:
1303:
1296:
1288:
1280:
1273:
1270:Chromogisaurus
1266:
1258:
1249:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1237:
1230:
1223:
1216:
1209:
1202:
1195:
1187:
1177:
1172:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1137:
1136:
1135:
1134:
1128:
1126:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1105:
1099:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1074:
1065:
1059:
1053:
1044:
1037:
1036:
1031:
1029:
1028:
1021:
1014:
1006:
1000:
999:
998:1(3): 125â160.
988:
977:
974:
973:
972:
969:The Dinosauria
965:
961:
952:
941:
938:
936:
935:
926:
917:
908:
868:
850:
834:
824:
822:
819:
810:rebbachisaurid
805:Giganotosaurus
754:Giganotosaurus
744:
741:
675:
674:Classification
672:
662:Epachthosaurus
658:Epachthosaurus
649:
626:
622:Epachthosaurus
602:
594:
582:
568:
563:opisthocoelous
560:
533:
530:
433:
430:
333:
332:
322:
308:
307:
301:
300:
292:
290:
286:
285:
271:
267:
266:
258:
251:
250:
242:
235:
234:
226:
219:
218:
210:
203:
202:
197:
190:
189:
184:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
133:
132:
124:
123:
115:
114:
113:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
52:
39:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5524:
5513:
5510:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5469:
5467:
5450:
5445:
5441:
5437:
5432:
5428:
5424:
5419:
5415:
5411:
5406:
5402:
5397:
5391:
5387:
5382:
5376:
5372:
5371:
5369:
5367:
5363:
5359:
5354:
5338:
5335:
5333:
5330:
5328:
5325:
5324:
5321:
5314:
5310:
5301:
5297:
5295:
5290:
5284:
5262:
5261:
5257:
5254:
5253:
5252:Mongolosaurus
5249:
5247:
5246:
5242:
5239:
5238:
5237:Macrurosaurus
5234:
5232:
5231:
5227:
5225:
5224:
5220:
5218:
5217:
5216:Hypselosaurus
5213:
5211:
5210:
5206:
5204:
5203:
5199:
5196:
5195:
5191:
5190:
5188:
5184:
5180:
5162:
5161:
5157:
5155:
5154:
5150:
5148:
5147:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5136:
5134:
5133:
5132:Neuquensaurus
5129:
5126:
5125:
5121:
5119:
5118:
5114:
5111:
5110:
5106:
5103:
5102:
5098:
5097:
5095:
5093:
5092:Saltasaurinae
5089:
5082:
5081:
5080:Zhuchengtitan
5077:
5075:
5074:
5070:
5067:
5066:
5062:
5060:
5059:
5055:
5052:
5051:
5050:Dreadnoughtus
5047:
5044:
5043:
5039:
5037:
5036:
5032:
5029:
5028:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5019:
5015:
5008:
5007:
5003:
5001:
5000:
4999:Qingxiusaurus
4996:
4993:
4992:
4988:
4986:
4985:
4981:
4980:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4971:Saltasauridae
4968:
4961:
4960:
4956:
4953:
4952:
4948:
4946:
4945:
4944:Nemegtosaurus
4941:
4940:
4938:
4936:
4932:
4926:
4925:
4921:
4919:
4918:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4902:
4898:
4888:
4887:
4883:
4881:
4880:
4876:
4874:
4873:
4869:
4867:
4866:
4865:Mendozasaurus
4862:
4859:
4858:
4854:
4852:
4851:
4847:
4844:
4843:
4842:Dzharatitanis
4839:
4837:
4836:
4832:
4830:
4829:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4820:
4816:
4806:
4805:
4801:
4799:
4798:
4794:
4792:
4791:
4790:Gondwanatitan
4787:
4785:
4784:
4780:
4778:
4777:
4773:
4771:
4770:
4766:
4764:
4763:
4759:
4758:
4756:
4754:
4750:
4744:
4743:
4739:
4737:
4736:
4732:
4730:
4729:
4725:
4723:
4722:
4721:Muyelensaurus
4718:
4715:
4714:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4703:
4702:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4690:
4684:
4683:
4679:
4676:
4675:
4671:
4669:
4668:
4664:
4662:
4661:
4657:
4654:
4653:
4649:
4647:
4646:
4645:Chucarosaurus
4642:
4640:
4639:
4635:
4633:
4632:
4628:
4626:
4625:
4621:
4620:
4617:
4614:
4612:
4611:Colossosauria
4608:
4602:
4601:
4600:Menucocelsior
4597:
4595:
4594:
4590:
4589:
4586:
4583:
4580:
4575:
4561:
4560:
4556:
4554:
4553:
4549:
4547:
4546:
4542:
4540:
4539:
4538:Lirainosaurus
4535:
4533:
4532:
4528:
4526:
4525:
4521:
4519:
4518:
4514:
4513:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4501:
4494:
4493:
4489:
4487:
4486:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4475:
4473:
4472:
4468:
4466:
4465:
4461:
4459:
4458:
4457:Trigonosaurus
4454:
4452:
4451:
4447:
4445:
4444:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4432:
4429:
4428:
4424:
4422:
4421:
4420:Ruyangosaurus
4417:
4415:
4414:
4410:
4408:
4407:
4403:
4401:
4400:
4399:Pitekunsaurus
4396:
4394:
4393:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4381:
4379:
4378:
4374:
4372:
4371:
4367:
4365:
4364:
4360:
4358:
4357:
4353:
4351:
4350:
4349:Mnyamawamtuka
4346:
4344:
4343:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4331:
4329:
4328:
4327:Magyarosaurus
4324:
4321:
4320:
4319:Ligabuesaurus
4316:
4314:
4313:
4312:Laplatasaurus
4309:
4307:
4306:
4305:Karongasaurus
4302:
4300:
4299:
4295:
4292:
4291:
4287:
4285:
4284:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4273:
4271:
4270:
4266:
4263:
4262:
4258:
4256:
4255:
4251:
4248:
4247:
4246:Dreadnoughtus
4243:
4241:
4240:
4236:
4234:
4233:
4229:
4227:
4226:
4222:
4220:
4219:
4215:
4213:
4212:
4211:Borealosaurus
4208:
4205:
4204:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4192:
4190:
4189:
4188:Barrosasaurus
4185:
4183:
4182:
4178:
4176:
4175:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4164:
4162:
4161:
4157:
4155:
4154:
4150:
4147:
4146:
4142:
4140:
4139:
4135:
4132:
4131:
4130:Aegyptosaurus
4127:
4125:
4124:
4120:
4119:
4116:
4112:
4109:
4106:
4101:
4097:
4093:
4088:
4084:
4074:
4069:
4066:
4058:
4028:
4027:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4021:
4017:
4006:
4005:
4001:
3999:
3998:
3997:Savannasaurus
3994:
3992:
3991:
3987:
3985:
3984:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3976:Australotitan
3973:
3972:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3960:
3954:
3953:
3949:
3947:
3946:
3942:
3940:
3939:
3935:
3933:
3932:
3928:
3926:
3925:
3921:
3919:
3918:
3914:
3912:
3911:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3897:
3896:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3885:
3883:
3882:
3878:
3876:
3875:
3871:
3869:
3868:
3864:
3862:
3861:
3857:
3854:
3853:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3844:Australodocus
3841:
3840:
3838:
3836:
3835:Euhelopodidae
3832:
3826:
3825:
3824:Triunfosaurus
3821:
3819:
3818:
3814:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3803:Sauroposeidon
3800:
3798:
3797:
3793:
3791:
3790:
3786:
3784:
3783:
3782:Padillasaurus
3779:
3777:
3776:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3760:Ligabuesaurus
3757:
3755:
3754:
3750:
3748:
3747:
3743:
3740:
3739:
3735:
3733:
3732:
3728:
3726:
3725:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3714:
3712:
3711:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3703:Chubutisaurus
3700:
3698:
3697:
3693:
3691:
3690:
3686:
3684:
3683:
3679:
3677:
3676:
3672:
3670:
3669:
3665:
3663:
3662:
3658:
3657:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3639:
3638:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3627:
3625:
3624:
3620:
3618:
3617:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3599:
3596:
3595:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3584:
3582:
3581:
3580:Brachiosaurus
3577:
3575:
3574:
3570:
3568:
3567:
3563:
3562:
3560:
3558:
3554:
3547:
3546:
3542:
3540:
3539:
3535:
3533:
3532:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3517:Fushanosaurus
3514:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3500:
3498:
3497:
3493:
3492:
3489:
3486:
3483:
3478:
3468:
3467:
3463:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3447:
3441:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3432:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3421:
3418:
3417:
3413:
3411:
3410:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3401:Bashunosaurus
3398:
3396:
3395:
3391:
3389:
3388:
3384:
3383:
3380:
3376:
3373:
3370:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3352:
3348:
3339:
3334:
3304:
3303:
3299:
3297:
3296:
3292:
3290:
3289:
3285:
3282:
3281:
3277:
3275:
3274:
3270:
3268:
3267:
3263:
3261:
3260:
3256:
3254:
3253:
3249:
3248:
3246:
3244:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3224:Atlantosaurus
3221:
3219:
3218:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3200:Apatosaurinae
3197:
3194:
3192:
3188:
3182:
3181:
3177:
3175:
3174:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3166:Smitanosaurus
3163:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3137:Dyslocosaurus
3134:
3132:
3131:
3130:Dicraeosaurus
3127:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3109:Amargatitanis
3106:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3098:
3096:
3094:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3044:Katepensaurus
3041:
3039:
3038:
3037:Itapeuasaurus
3034:
3032:
3031:
3030:Demandasaurus
3027:
3026:
3024:
3022:
3018:
3011:
3010:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2995:Cathartesaura
2992:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2986:Limaysaurinae
2983:
2980:
2978:
2974:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2956:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2923:Histriasaurus
2920:
2917:
2916:
2915:Dzharatitanis
2912:
2910:
2909:
2908:Comahuesaurus
2905:
2903:
2902:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2891:
2889:
2888:
2884:
2883:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2860:
2854:
2853:
2849:
2848:
2845:
2842:
2839:
2838:Diplodocoidea
2834:
2830:
2826:
2825:Diplodocoidea
2821:
2817:
2808:
2804:
2802:
2796:
2788:
2765:
2764:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2753:
2751:
2750:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2742:Gigantosaurus
2739:
2737:
2736:
2732:
2730:
2729:
2725:
2723:
2722:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2707:
2688:
2687:
2685:
2683:
2679:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2667:
2666:Diplodocoidea
2663:
2660:
2658:
2654:
2648:
2647:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2609:Narindasaurus
2606:
2604:
2603:
2599:
2597:
2596:
2592:
2590:
2589:
2588:Losillasaurus
2585:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2561:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2537:Zigongosaurus
2534:
2532:
2531:
2530:Yuanmousaurus
2527:
2525:
2524:
2523:Xinjiangtitan
2520:
2518:
2517:
2516:Wamweracaudia
2513:
2511:
2510:
2509:Tonganosaurus
2506:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2497:
2496:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2485:
2483:
2482:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2466:Klamelisaurus
2463:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2445:Huangshanlong
2442:
2440:
2439:
2435:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2405:
2403:
2402:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2393:
2389:
2382:
2381:
2377:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2365:
2364:Ferganasaurus
2361:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2341:Cetiosauridae
2338:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2320:
2318:
2317:
2313:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2255:
2254:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2234:
2233:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2218:
2215:
2212:
2207:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2188:Tazoudasaurus
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2169:
2168:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2145:Ohmdenosaurus
2142:
2140:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2126:
2123:
2119:
2116:
2113:
2108:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2086:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2063:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2049:
2048:
2047:Schleitheimia
2044:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2024:Leonerasaurus
2021:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2007:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1996:Blikanasaurus
1993:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1985:
1982:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1950:
1940:
1935:
1933:
1928:
1922:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1870:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1843:
1842:
1838:
1836:
1835:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1827:Leonerasaurus
1824:
1822:
1821:
1820:Lamplughsaura
1817:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1770:
1769:
1768:Yunnanosaurus
1765:
1763:
1762:
1758:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1748:
1747:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1700:
1696:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1682:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1664:Lufengosaurus
1661:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1603:
1602:
1601:Eucnemesaurus
1598:
1597:
1595:
1593:
1592:Riojasauridae
1589:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1521:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1497:
1496:
1492:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1476:
1475:
1474:Euskelosaurus
1471:
1470:
1468:
1466:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1430:
1427:
1422:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1405:
1404:
1400:
1398:
1397:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1373:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1350:
1349:
1348:Bagualosaurus
1345:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1336:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1316:Bagualosauria
1312:
1302:
1301:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1284:Pampadromaeus
1281:
1279:
1278:
1274:
1272:
1271:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1245:Saturnaliidae
1242:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1229:
1228:
1227:Pampadromaeus
1224:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1208:
1207:
1206:Gigantoscelus
1203:
1201:
1200:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1157:
1153:
1132:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1113:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1047:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1015:
1013:
1008:
1007:
1004:
997:
993:
989:
986:
985:
980:
979:
975:
970:
966:
962:
959:
958:
953:
951:
949:
944:
943:
939:
930:
927:
921:
918:
912:
909:
903:
898:
894:
890:
886:
884:
875:
873:
869:
866:
863:
857:
855:
851:
847:
841:
839:
835:
829:
826:
820:
818:
816:
815:
811:
807:
806:
801:
800:
795:
791:
790:braided river
787:
784:stage of the
783:
779:
775:
771:
770:Neuquén Group
767:
764:, the oldest
763:
756:
755:
749:
743:Palaeoecology
742:
740:
738:
734:
733:Saltasauridae
730:
729:
724:
723:
717:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
694:
689:
685:
681:
673:
671:
669:
668:
663:
659:
654:
648:are slightly
647:
642:
640:
636:
631:
624:
623:
618:
617:
612:
607:
599:
592:
587:
580:
579:
573:
565:
558:
554:
549:
547:
543:
539:
531:
529:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
490:
488:
484:
480:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
450:
442:
438:
431:
429:
427:
423:
419:
418:South America
415:
411:
408:
405:
404:titanosaurian
402:
398:
394:
393:
380:
341:
340:
329:
325:
320:
318:
309:
306:
305:Binomial name
302:
298:
297:
291:
288:
287:
280:
279:
272:
269:
268:
265:
259:
256:
253:
252:
249:
243:
240:
237:
236:
233:
227:
224:
221:
220:
217:
211:
208:
205:
204:
201:
198:
195:
192:
191:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
143:
138:
134:
130:
125:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
50:
47:99.6â97
43:
37:
33:
30:
19:
18:Andesauroidea
5365:
5286:
5260:Titanosaurus
5258:
5250:
5243:
5235:
5230:Loricosaurus
5228:
5223:Iuticosaurus
5221:
5214:
5207:
5200:
5192:
5160:Yamanasaurus
5158:
5151:
5144:
5137:
5130:
5122:
5115:
5107:
5101:Abditosaurus
5099:
5078:
5071:
5063:
5056:
5048:
5040:
5033:
5027:Abditosaurus
5025:
5004:
4997:
4989:
4982:
4959:Tapuiasaurus
4957:
4949:
4942:
4922:
4917:Titanomachya
4915:
4908:
4886:Puertasaurus
4884:
4877:
4872:Notocolossus
4870:
4863:
4857:Jiangxititan
4855:
4848:
4840:
4835:Drusilasaura
4833:
4826:
4819:Lognkosauria
4802:
4795:
4788:
4781:
4774:
4767:
4760:
4753:Aeolosaurini
4742:Rinconsaurus
4740:
4733:
4726:
4719:
4711:
4704:
4693:Rinconsauria
4680:
4674:Tengrisaurus
4672:
4667:Quetecsaurus
4665:
4658:
4650:
4643:
4636:
4629:
4622:
4598:
4591:
4557:
4550:
4545:Lohuecotitan
4543:
4536:
4531:Garrigatitan
4529:
4522:
4517:Ampelosaurus
4515:
4490:
4483:
4476:
4471:Uberabatitan
4469:
4464:Sonidosaurus
4462:
4455:
4448:
4441:
4435:Tengrisaurus
4433:
4425:
4418:
4411:
4406:Rapetosaurus
4404:
4397:
4390:
4382:
4375:
4368:
4361:
4354:
4347:
4342:Malawisaurus
4340:
4332:
4325:
4317:
4310:
4303:
4296:
4288:
4283:Huabeisaurus
4281:
4274:
4267:
4259:
4252:
4244:
4237:
4230:
4225:Choconsaurus
4223:
4218:Brasilotitan
4216:
4209:
4201:
4193:
4186:
4179:
4172:
4167:Atacamatitan
4165:
4160:Argyrosaurus
4158:
4151:
4143:
4137:
4136:
4128:
4123:Abdarainurus
4121:
4105:Titanosauria
4092:Titanosauria
4061:
4020:Titanosauria
4004:Wintonotitan
4002:
3995:
3988:
3981:
3974:
3950:
3945:Yongjinglong
3943:
3936:
3931:Tambatitanis
3929:
3922:
3915:
3908:
3900:
3895:Huanghetitan
3893:
3888:Huabeisaurus
3886:
3879:
3874:Gannansaurus
3872:
3865:
3858:
3852:Chiayusaurus
3850:
3842:
3822:
3815:
3808:
3801:
3794:
3787:
3780:
3773:
3766:
3758:
3751:
3746:Jiutaisaurus
3744:
3738:Jiangxititan
3736:
3731:Garumbatitan
3729:
3722:
3715:
3710:Dongbeititan
3708:
3701:
3694:
3687:
3682:Austrosaurus
3680:
3673:
3666:
3659:
3635:
3630:Venenosaurus
3628:
3621:
3616:Sonorasaurus
3614:
3607:
3602:Giraffatitan
3600:
3592:
3587:Cedarosaurus
3585:
3578:
3571:
3564:
3543:
3538:Pelorosaurus
3536:
3529:
3522:
3515:
3508:
3501:
3494:
3464:
3459:Camarasaurus
3457:
3437:
3431:Haestasaurus
3429:
3424:Europasaurus
3422:
3414:
3407:
3399:
3392:
3385:
3300:
3293:
3286:
3278:
3271:
3264:
3257:
3250:
3243:Diplodocinae
3232:Brontosaurus
3230:
3222:
3215:
3209:Amphicoelias
3207:
3191:Diplodocidae
3178:
3171:
3164:
3157:
3150:
3143:
3135:
3128:
3121:
3116:Bajadasaurus
3114:
3107:
3102:Amargasaurus
3100:
3063:
3056:
3049:
3042:
3035:
3028:
3009:Rayososaurus
3007:
3000:
2993:
2966:Zapalasaurus
2964:
2959:Xenoposeidon
2957:
2950:
2943:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2913:
2906:
2901:Campananeyen
2899:
2894:Amazonsaurus
2892:
2885:
2850:
2791:
2761:
2754:
2747:
2740:
2733:
2726:
2719:
2657:Neosauropoda
2644:
2637:
2630:
2622:
2614:
2607:
2600:
2593:
2586:
2578:
2572:Haestasaurus
2570:
2562:
2555:
2535:
2528:
2521:
2514:
2507:
2500:
2493:
2486:
2479:
2472:
2464:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2436:
2428:
2421:
2413:
2406:
2399:
2380:Patagosaurus
2378:
2370:
2362:
2355:
2348:
2330:Volkheimeria
2328:
2321:
2314:
2307:
2302:Perijasaurus
2300:
2295:Nebulasaurus
2293:
2286:
2279:
2274:Dystrophaeus
2272:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2246:Barapasaurus
2244:
2237:
2232:Asiatosaurus
2230:
2223:
2193:
2186:
2165:
2157:
2152:Rhoetosaurus
2150:
2143:
2136:
2128:
2096:Lessemsaurus
2094:
2087:
2080:
2075:Antetonitrus
2073:
2052:
2045:
2038:
2030:
2022:
2015:
2008:
2001:
1994:
1987:
1924:
1860:
1853:
1846:
1839:
1832:
1825:
1818:
1811:
1804:
1797:
1790:
1766:
1761:Yizhousaurus
1759:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1730:
1722:
1697:
1690:
1683:
1676:
1669:
1662:
1655:
1649:Ignavusaurus
1647:
1640:
1633:
1626:
1606:
1599:
1579:
1572:
1565:
1558:
1553:Ignavusaurus
1551:
1544:
1537:
1509:Yimenosaurus
1507:
1502:Plateosaurus
1500:
1493:
1486:
1479:
1472:
1454:Xixiposaurus
1452:
1445:
1438:
1426:Plateosauria
1408:
1401:
1394:
1387:Unaysauridae
1374:
1367:
1360:
1353:
1346:
1339:
1332:
1298:
1290:
1282:
1275:
1268:
1260:
1252:
1232:
1225:
1218:
1213:Guaibasaurus
1211:
1204:
1197:
1190:
1076:
1067:
995:
992:Titanosaurus
991:
982:
968:
955:
950:7(1): 37-41.
946:
940:Bibliography
929:
920:
911:
892:
888:
882:
861:
845:
828:
812:
803:
799:Buitreraptor
797:
793:
759:
752:
736:
728:Puertasaurus
726:
720:
718:
713:
710:amphiplatyan
709:
705:
701:
691:
687:
679:
677:
667:Malawisaurus
665:
661:
657:
645:
643:
634:
620:
614:
610:
597:parapophysis
590:
576:
556:
550:
545:
537:
535:
493:
491:
489:) is named.
486:
475:
471:
459:
446:
440:
338:
337:
336:
316:
311:
295:
294:
277:
276:
264:Titanosauria
254:
238:
222:
206:
193:
180:
35:
29:
5472:Titanosaurs
5390:Wikispecies
5245:Microcoelus
5153:Saltasaurus
5139:Paralititan
5035:Alamosaurus
4924:Udelartitan
4879:Patagotitan
4776:Bravasaurus
4769:Arrudatitan
4762:Aeolosaurus
4728:Overosaurus
4660:Jainosaurus
4638:Bonitasaura
4559:Paludititan
4450:Traukutitan
4145:Angolatitan
3952:Yunmenglong
3917:Qiaowanlong
3810:Sibirotitan
3775:Oceanotitan
3717:Europatitan
3696:Brontomerus
3689:Brohisaurus
3661:Angolatitan
3594:Galvesaurus
3566:Abydosaurus
3531:Ornithopsis
3524:Fusuisaurus
3510:Eucamerotus
3409:Daanosaurus
3394:Aragosaurus
3295:Supersaurus
3217:Apatosaurus
3180:Tharosaurus
3051:Nigersaurus
3002:Limaysaurus
2763:Ultrasaurus
2639:Turiasaurus
2602:Moabosaurus
2595:Mierasaurus
2564:Bellusaurus
2548:Turiasauria
2488:Qijianglong
2452:Hudiesaurus
2430:Datousaurus
2350:Cetiosaurus
2309:Shunosaurus
2253:Bellusaurus
2225:Algoasaurus
2211:Eusauropoda
2159:Sanpasaurus
2112:Gravisauria
2032:Pulanesaura
2017:Isanosaurus
1989:Amygdalodon
1855:Pulanesaura
1813:Irisosaurus
1799:Anchisaurus
1779:Anchisauria
1753:Xingxiulong
1699:Xingxiulong
1692:Sarahsaurus
1608:Riojasaurus
1574:Sarahsaurus
1560:Kholumolumo
1403:Macrocollum
1341:Asylosaurus
1277:Nhandumirim
1254:Buriolestes
1220:Mbiresaurus
1192:Buriolestes
984:Ameghiniana
960:. 34: 3-32.
957:Ameghiniana
814:Limaysaurus
768:within the
737:Saltasaurus
693:Saltasaurus
585:neural arch
532:Description
487:A. delgadoi
5466:Categories
5396:Andesaurus
5366:Andesaurus
5146:Rocasaurus
5073:Qunkasaura
5042:Baurutitan
4804:Shingopana
4631:Baalsaurus
4478:Volgatitan
4413:Rukwatitan
4377:Nullotitan
4363:Ninjatitan
4298:Kaijutitan
4269:Gandititan
4232:Daxiatitan
4195:Baurutitan
4138:Andesaurus
4029:see belowâ
3724:Fukuititan
3668:Arkharavia
3623:Soriatitan
3573:Atlasaurus
3545:Rugocaudia
3503:Duriatitan
3439:Yuzhoulong
3387:Abrosaurus
3369:Macronaria
3356:Macronaria
3280:Kaatedocus
3273:Galeamopus
3266:Diplodocus
3252:Barosaurus
3159:Pilmatueia
3152:Lingwulong
3145:Kaatedocus
3065:Tataouinea
2977:Khebbashia
2952:Sidersaura
2682:Macronaria
2632:Tendaguria
2616:Oplosaurus
2580:Janenschia
2481:Omeisaurus
2357:Chebsaurus
2281:Janenschia
2195:Vulcanodon
2138:Kotasaurus
2089:Ledumahadi
1882:see belowâ
1841:Meroktenos
1657:Leyesaurus
1546:Gyposaurus
1410:Unaysaurus
1369:Pantydraco
1334:Arcusaurus
1300:Saturnalia
1133:see belowâ
1081:Dinosauria
1063:Sauropsida
821:References
794:Andesaurus
782:Cenomanian
714:Andesaurus
706:Andesaurus
702:procoelous
688:Andesaurus
680:Andesaurus
652:procoelous
646:Andesaurus
635:Andesaurus
611:Andesaurus
591:Andesaurus
571:pleurocoel
557:Andesaurus
546:Andesaurus
538:Andesaurus
494:Andesaurus
476:Andesaurus
460:Andesaurus
441:Andesaurus
339:Andesaurus
278:Andesaurus
248:Macronaria
200:Saurischia
187:Dinosauria
42:Cenomanian
36:Andesaurus
5109:Bonatitan
4991:Isisaurus
4797:Punatitan
4276:Hamititan
4254:Elaltitan
4203:Bonatitan
3924:Silutitan
3881:Gobititan
3867:Euhelopus
3609:Lusotitan
3302:Tornieria
3288:Leinkupal
3173:Suuwassea
2887:Agustinia
2735:Dinodocus
2728:Cardiodon
2459:Jingiella
2408:Anhuilong
1971:Sauropoda
1958:Sauropoda
1873:Sauropoda
1848:Mussaurus
1806:Camelotia
1685:Pradhania
1525:Massopoda
1292:Panphagia
1234:Panphagia
1049:Kingdom:
778:Argentina
766:formation
498:vertebrae
447:In 1991,
328:Bonaparte
289:Species:
232:Sauropoda
160:Kingdom:
154:Eukaryota
5410:47459596
5375:Wikidata
5117:Ibirania
4783:Caieiria
4593:Inawentu
3796:Ruixinia
3637:Vouivria
3496:Astrodon
2749:Neosodon
2239:Bagualia
2082:Ingentia
1792:Aardonyx
1739:Qianlong
1567:Musankwa
1539:Gryponyx
1447:Ruehleia
1362:Nambalia
1355:Efraasia
1262:Eoraptor
1199:Eoraptor
1057:Chordata
1055:Phylum:
1051:Animalia
895:: 1â27.
410:dinosaur
407:sauropod
174:Chordata
170:Phylum:
164:Animalia
150:Domain:
5436:4141373
5423:4967409
5381:Q134701
4153:Arackar
2557:Amanzia
2401:Analong
2288:Jobaria
1746:Seitaad
1061:Class:
698:derived
629:laminae
522:humerus
483:species
479:fossils
314:†
293:†
270:Genus:
116:↓
4682:Vahiny
4443:Tiamat
3860:Erketu
1678:Ngwevu
544:lists
512:and a
510:ischia
506:pelvis
502:centra
472:sauros
458:named
330:, 1991
326:&
5449:58917
1077:Clade
1068:Clade
684:clade
526:femur
514:pubis
470:word
468:Greek
464:Andes
426:Earth
401:basal
397:genus
324:Calvo
255:Clade
239:Clade
223:Clade
207:Clade
194:Clade
181:Clade
5418:GBIF
4984:Igai
1488:Issi
1110:see
802:and
725:and
664:and
551:The
524:and
454:and
388:-dÉ-
55:Preê
5405:EoL
2646:Zby
897:doi
893:153
772:of
619:or
609:of
555:of
528:.
518:rib
416:in
399:of
392:-És
390:SOR
370:ÉËr
5468::
5446::
5433::
5420::
5407::
5392::
5377::
1079::
1070::
891:.
887:.
871:^
853:^
837:^
817:.
776:,
690:,
670:.
641:.
386:AN
257::
241::
225::
209::
196::
183::
105:Pg
49:Ma
5255:?
5240:?
5197:?
5127:?
5112:?
5104:?
5083:?
5068:?
5053:?
5045:?
5030:?
5009:?
4994:?
4962:?
4954:?
4860:?
4845:?
4716:?
4677:?
4655:?
4495:?
4438:?
4430:?
4387:?
4337:?
4322:?
4293:?
4264:?
4249:?
4206:?
4198:?
4148:?
4133:?
4007:?
3905:?
3855:?
3847:?
3763:?
3741:?
3597:?
3548:?
3434:?
3419:?
3404:?
3283:?
3227:?
3212:?
3140:?
3012:?
2940:?
2918:?
2627:?
2619:?
2583:?
2575:?
2567:?
2469:?
2433:?
2418:?
2383:?
2375:?
2367:?
2170:?
2162:?
2133:?
2057:?
2035:?
2027:?
1756:?
1727:?
1702:?
1652:?
1295:?
1287:?
1265:?
1257:?
1025:e
1018:t
1011:v
905:.
899::
485:(
379:/
376:s
373:É
367:s
364:Ë
361:É
358:d
355:n
352:ĂŠ
349:Ë
346:/
342:(
274:â
261:â
245:â
229:â
213:â
110:N
100:K
95:J
90:T
85:P
80:C
75:D
70:S
65:O
60:ê
20:)
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