423:, and helped found the Montreal Labour College with Becky Buhay and Bella Gauld in 1920. The Labour College was deeply connected to labour unions. In 1921, Buller became a founding member of the underground Communist Party of Canada (CPC) which united other radical labour activists from Nova Scotia to BC. The three Montreal women became leaders of the Workers Party of Canada, the legal formation of the CPC, which applied for recognition with the
2309:
151:
2362:
36:
1759:
1710:
1568:
1522:
1476:
1430:
1384:
1338:
1287:
1231:
1185:
1139:
1090:
1030:
1745:
1696:
1661:
1648:
1613:
1600:
1554:
1508:
1462:
1416:
1370:
1324:
1273:
1217:
1171:
1125:
1076:
1016:
474:, Montreal. Simard's programme characterized the Communist platform of the time, demanding employment insurance reform, public health care, and immediate action on the unemployed. Party organizer Georges Dubois was arrested by the police during the campaign. The party organized a demonstration against the arrest at
455:, came out of the Montreal organization. By 1927, the CPC had begun to also focus on political activity among French-Canadian workers in Quebec, recruiting and training new cadres for the Party. In 1928, Georges Dubois joined the party and became the French-Canadian organizer with other leaders like Buhay.
823:", he summarily dismissed them. Although his Quebec nationalist point of view held a majority at the PCQ's convention of April 2005, who was granted voting rights was highly disputed. Parizeau was subsequently expelled by the party. Around the same time, his group announced their withdrawal from the CPC.
390:
Parizeau retained the party's registration with Élections Québec; the PCQ-PCC's requests to register as Parti communiste du Québec were consequently rejected by Élections Québec during this period. In 2023, the PCQ-PCC under the CPC reregistered with Élections Québec as the Parti communiste du Québec.
815:
The UFP agreed to place the question of Quebec independence as intertwined with social or class issues. This was hotly debated as the party transformed into Québec solidaire. The debate moved over into the PCQ as well. These positions were questioned by the Quebec leader of the party, André Parizeau,
769:
During the crisis in CPC during the 1990s, the PCQ became disorganized, closed its offices, and its remaining members drifted apart from the CPC, adopting positions sympathetic to nationalism. The CPC maintained relations with the PCQ, however, which addressed its congresses in
Toronto and Vancouver.
442:
The
Communists therefore began organizing in the area with Quebec as part of a department of the CPC, at times joined with northern Ontario. By the end of the 1920s an active group had made something of break-through in the Jewish community of Montreal and elsewhere among some French-speaking workers
739:
Given the lack of enthusiasm on the part of unions to promote such a project, which was increasingly seen as being harmful to the chances of PQ to finally beat the
Liberals, and to the difficulties within the groups Left can agree because of the extreme partisanship that existed then the idea died a
514:
with a group of progressive
Canadian doctors. On his return, Bethune joined the Communist Party. Bethune became one of the most famous Canadians internationally, and the most well-known member of the CPC. His decision to join the party was shaped not just be what he saw in the Soviet Union, but also
389:
In 2005, party leader André Parizeau and his supporters were expelled from the PCQ-PCC for factionalism. Parizeau had called for the CPC and PCQ-PCC to demand the immediate independence of Quebec; he was swiftly rebuked by other provincial party leaders and the federal leadership. From 2005 to 2012,
530:
A following year the young radical
Stanley Bréhaut Ryerson was elected secretary of the Communist Party in Quebec. Ryerson's leadership came at a time when the party was shifting its approach much more towards the united front. By 1936, Lucien Dufour, President of the Front Populaire, reported that
486:
During the
Depression the CPC in Montreal was one of the few radical and active organizations on the left, despite being banned. In 1934, when leader Paul Delisle died, the party held a "red" funeral in Montreal and attracted a crowd. Mass meetings were an important activity for the party. The CPC
518:
For example, the party created unemployed clubs and focused on labour organizing. S. Larkin, J. Bedard, C. A. Perry, L. Dufour and Ms. Lebrun helped build various clubs and groups of factory workers like the United
Lorimier Unemployed League St. Henri. Labour demands were also front-and-centre in
572:
returned to
Montreal after a journey of several months in Spain. Thousands of people were waiting his arrival at Bonaventure station and organized a parade in the streets of Montreal in his honour. Over 15,000 people gathered at the Mount Royal Arena to hear Bethune tell what he saw in Spain. He
458:
The late 1920s were an important period of ideological turmoil, debate and discussion and clarification of the Party programme for the CPC. Likewise, with the help of the
Comintern, the CPC began to better understand the unequal and oppressed situation of the French-Canadian people in Canada and
438:
in the USSR. Like many of the early founders of the CPC, Saint-Marin's background was in anarchism. While the request was rejected by the international and the
Communists were instructed build a united party, the Comintern it did not ignore the special national situation that presented itself in
403:
Despite the strong influence of the Catholic Church on Quebec society, and the small size of the working class associated with the economic 'maldéveloppement' of Quebec's economy, the debate and discussion of radical, democratic, and progressive ideas in Quebec has a long tradition going back to
860:
The PCQ-PCC participated in the 2007 elections under the banner of Quebec Solidaire, focusing on the campaign of one candidate in Acadie (bumping out the leader of the nationalist PCQ). The PCQ-PCC also presented its own independent perspective on the election and the question of voting and the
816:
who formulated a series of amendments in support of immediate independence in 2004 which were rejected by both the National Executive Committee (NEC) of the Quebec party (by a vote of 4–2) and by the Central Executive Committee of the Canadian party (by a vote of 7–1).
846:, and later opened an office and small reading room, launched an active website, and re-affiliated with Quebec Solidaire as an organized group. They work closely with the youth and student organization, the "Ligue de la jeunesse communiste du Quebec".
439:
Quebec. (The internationalist commitment of the CPC would be important in helping the party better understand Quebec's situation and eventually adopt a policy supporting the right of self-determination and sovereignty, up to and including separation.)
674:, returned from the USSR, and reported the results of their talks with Soviet leaders. On 15 October, dissatisfied with the explanations provided by Buck, Guy Caron resigned from the LPP with five other members of the provincial committee: Ken Perry,
841:
The Central Committee of the party, however, affirmed the authority of the previous Quebec National Executive Committee in 18–19 June 2005. The non-registered CPC-aligned PCQ held a new convention which restarted a communist French-language
784:
Although the PCQ has just departed on a new basis, it is already active in promoting the search for greater unity among the left forces. Beginning in September, members of the CPC in Quebec had in fact begun to meet some members of the
777:
to members of the neo-Maoist Communist Workers Group (ACG). The old members of the PCQ who left the party a few years before re-joined, and although recognizing differences over the national question they decided to work together.
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
644:
In April 1946, Henri Gagnon and other Communists for the League of Homeless Veterans: Gagnon is president. The league consisted of squatters occupying homes that veterans can not afford, or unoccupied, for their return.
707:
In 1973, the PCQ published a pamphlet calling for the creation of a mass federated party in Quebec and calling on unions to take the lead in this process. Quebec then saw an unprecedented rise of struggles. After the
538:, Emile Godin Alec Rosenberg, Samuel Emery. Alex Gauld, Mrs. Leo Lebrun, Willie Fortin, Jean Bourget Sarkin and Sydney. Some of these activists ran in the August 1936 provincial election. Fred Rose got 578 votes in
715:
The idea received a more favourable reception in many unions, especially in Montreal. The project to create a mass party of workers from unions was subject to closed debate on the floor of Congress of the
565:, and of Jewish community groups and other progressive organizations. The law stayed on the books until the late 1950s, when a challenge organized by the CPC at the Supreme Court level overturned the law.
792:
A few months later, in a rather unexpected move, the SDP calls on the DMP effect coming as a special guest, to attend their next conference, in order to enforce its vision of the unity of left forces.
789:(PDS) to discuss possible cooperation. In the elections of 1998, the Communist Party of Quebec called for an alliance with the PDS. While the offer was unanswered, the steps were nevertheless useful.
2347:
1783:, the Communist Party has supported the QS in elections, with some of its members running as candidates. The party left QS in 2017 but has not resumed running candidates in provincial elections.
857:
The original PCQ-PCC again participated in the 2007 elections running three candidates under the banner of Quebec Solidaire, as well as offering its own independent perspective on the election.
503:. In another documented rally, as many as 4,000 people gathered at St. Jacques Market to hear Joe Wallace, John Boychuk, Becky Buhay, Paul and Tom McEwen and were brutally dispersed by police.
819:
In January 2005, Parizeau wrote a letter to PCQ members declaring that the party was in crisis and, describing the four NEC members who opposed his amendments as a pro-federalist "
854:
The PCQ-PCC participated in the 2007 elections running three candidates under the banner of Quebec Solidaire, as well as offering its own independent perspective on the election.
827:
534:
Abandoning the 'department' model, an executive committee of the Quebec section of the Communist Party was formed including Évariste Dubé (Chairman), S. B. Ryerson (secretary),
1994:
412:
in 1917, waged an active campaign from the pulpit against trade unionists, leftists and Communists, Marxist discussion already had taken hold in Quebec by the early 1920s.
830:
on 3 April 2006, recognized the Parti communiste du Québec led by André Parizeau. Parizeau later disavowed the PCQ in 2019 so he could be accepted as a candidate for the
2340:
2031:
2607:
371:
2689:
795:
In 2002, the Communist Party of Quebec formed a federation with the Party of Social Democracy (PDS) and the Rally for the progressive alternative (RAP) to form the
686:
659:
In 1951, Fred Rose was released after six years in prison. Because of continued harassment by the police he decided to leave Canada for Czechoslovakia and Poland.
2684:
781:
A few years later the party helped bring together different tendencies in the left to form the Union of Progressive Forces (UFP) which became Québec solidaire.
871:
The PCQ-PCC convened its most recent congress in spring 2018. The Party continues to publish the newspaper Clarté and now maintains an office on Parc Avenue.
2333:
568:
In June 1937, a demonstration of 300 to 400 women in the Champ de Mars was organized by Solidarity Women. Five women were arrested after the police charge.
721:
363:
federally. The party restored its original name in English and French in 1959. In 1965, CPC members in Quebec established the Parti communiste du Québec.
53:
1912:
1866:
2582:
2577:
2059:
1803:
The party reverted to its original name of the Communist Party as of this election. Results compared to Labor-Progressive Party in previous election.
2694:
2101:
471:
700:
In 1965, the Communist Party of Quebec was definitely established a provincial political party under the laws of Quebec, under the chairmanship of
1987:
1768:
796:
634:. He was freed after six years in prison and deported to Poland, where he later died. The Canadian government never gave him the right to return.
488:
379:
553:
The Communists' greater strength and organization, and the failure to ban the party on the federal level, prompted anti-Communist Quebec premier
2325:
2699:
773:
It was not until 1997 that a range of communists and communist groups came together to re-organize the PCQ—ranging from Greek friends of the
2602:
2501:
519:
October 1935 when the CPC, now de-criminalized and able to operate legally, ran in the federal election: leader Fred Rose got 3378 votes in
2679:
585:
874:
Party leader Pierre Fontaine died of a heart attack on 27 May 2020. He was succeeded by Adrien Welsh, the former General Secretary of the
375:
2547:
2356:
2064:
2054:
725:
333:
300:
100:
510:
into a weekly (it was published until 1939). Leader Évariste Dubé visited the USSR on a special party delegation, as did radical medic
2312:
2111:
1980:
367:
was secretary of the Quebec wing of the Communist Party of Canada from 1962 to 1965 and leader of the Quebec party from 1965 to 1990.
72:
728:(CEQ), the same enthusiasm gave way slowly to the ground a certain selflessness. The problem lay in the fact that the support of the
2412:
786:
762:
119:
2496:
2421:
2116:
2085:
1792:
1039:
875:
638:
524:
79:
2557:
835:
712:
in the public sector, there was the imprisonment of union leaders and the outbreak of unprecedented general strike in Quebec.
2526:
2506:
624:
561:
in 1937 against the CPC and all supposedly communist groups. Duplessis quickly padlocked the offices of the CPC's newspaper,
467:
57:
2552:
2049:
543:
86:
2612:
2270:
1796:
709:
352:
547:
2674:
2567:
2461:
2456:
1780:
1772:
1717:
1668:
1620:
1575:
1529:
1483:
1437:
1391:
1345:
1294:
1245:
1192:
1146:
1097:
1048:
991:
949:
733:
617:
520:
201:
539:
2371:
717:
630:
On 14 March 1946, Fred Rose was arrested and accused of spying for the Soviet Union in the wake of revelations of the
262:
68:
2516:
1967:
466:, the party stepped up its visibility by presenting E. Simard, a blacksmith, as the first Communist candidate in the
1956:
427:. The Labour College became a launch-pad for the Communists in Quebec among the working-class anglophone community.
2597:
2531:
2379:
2148:
1962:
954:
500:
356:
46:
2491:
2026:
2003:
663:
573:
declared: "Spain can be the tomb of fascism". Bethune toured the country for seven months to raise money for the
341:
244:
2617:
2592:
2441:
2562:
531:
56 organizations were part in Quebec with their central theme as organizing the struggles of the unemployed.
2587:
2481:
2106:
610:
574:
435:
360:
2285:
1299:
887:
744:
701:
603:
535:
496:
444:
405:
364:
2426:
431:
2476:
2466:
2471:
2397:
1898:
729:
214:
93:
2486:
2622:
2385:
831:
219:
800:
732:(PQ) was skyrocketing, including in unions, as people realized that the PQ could take power. In the
2391:
1776:
804:
383:
305:
150:
409:
386:. The PCQ-PCC left Québec solidaire in 2017, when Québec solidaire merged with Option nationale.
295:
229:
1239:
Changed name from Labor-Progressive Party/Parti ouvrier-progressiste to Communist Party in 1959.
1913:"Extraordinary Convention of the YCL-LJC: the youth will not pay for the crisis of capitalism!"
753:
In 1991, the Communist Party was liquidated, and socialism in the Soviet Union was overturned.
595:
In 1941, at a meeting in Montreal, Guy Caron of the Communist Party and Jean-Charles Harvey of
584:
In May 1938, approximately 4,000 people attended a meeting of the Communist Party unit and the
2638:
902:
578:
554:
234:
1795:(Parti ouvrier-progressiste) banner as the Communist Party had been banned in 1941 under the
2446:
2178:
2143:
865:
463:
448:
1884:
2173:
2163:
1830:
The Communist Party of Quebec is nominally independent from the Communist Party of Canada.
631:
452:
321:
620:, the Labor-Progressive Party candidate in Saint Louis, Michael Buhay, won 6,512 votes.
613:
of Quebec was held at Montreal with 172 delegates representing 40 clubs from the party.
2648:
2572:
2168:
569:
511:
451:. A number of important leaders of the CPC, including future YCL and then party leader
861:
student struggle. The PCQ-PCC also presented candidates in the 2011 federal election.
443:
across Quebec, organizing needle-trade workers. There was also an active group of the
2668:
2431:
2158:
671:
606:
was elected MP for Montreal-Cartier during a federal by-election. He won 5767 votes.
589:
1799:. The party kept this name until 1959 when it reverted to the Communist Party name.
820:
675:
475:
416:
166:
826:
However, after a dispute where both groups presented documentation, the official
2653:
2291:
2278:
653:
599:
newspaper spoke to 6,000 people to support the war effort against the fascists.
558:
492:
420:
35:
761:
2643:
2138:
17:
1851:
2511:
1972:
1950:
1775:. The UFP, including the Communist Party, merged with other parties to form
499:, Maurice Armstrong and a young student who had just returned from France –
424:
209:
2521:
2436:
2153:
1867:"L'ancien chef du Parti communiste sera finalement candidat pour le Bloc"
667:
419:, an anglophone native of Montreal, returned from attending the New York
662:
On 14 October 1956, a public meeting was held in Montreal following the
2296:
720:
in 1975. But the proposal was defeated. Elsewhere, particularly in the
685:, Henri Gagnon estimated that 200 members had left the party since the
515:
communist participation in the workplaces and communities of Montreal.
1943:
282:
2361:
337:
478:, the police brutally disperse the hundreds of protesting workers.
351:
Communists have run in elections in Quebec since 1936. The CPC was
760:
491:
in Montreal, when 600 people came out to hear Lilian Mendelssohn,
459:
began to demand that the rights of French speakers be recognized.
2329:
1976:
774:
743:
In 1980, the PCQ gave its support to the Yes campaign, in the
692:
In March 1957, the padlock law was declared unconstitutional.
340:. It is affiliated with, but officially independent from, the
254:
29:
1885:"Parti communiste du Québec (PCQ-PCC) – SUR QUÉBEC SOLIDAIRE"
588:
in the Mont-Royal arena in Montreal. The main speakers were
434:
also proposed establishing a French-Canadian section of the
648:
In 1948, Police conducted a seizure at the local newspaper
1963:
Directeur Général des Élections du Québec information page
1771:
with some of its members running as UFP candidates in the
799:(UFP). The UFP in turn merged with the political movement
592:, CCF and Stanley B. Ryerson for the Communist Party.
355:
and its branch in Quebec was consequently renamed the
678:, Norman Nerenberg, Frank Arnold and Pierre GĂ©linas.
382:, which in turn merged with Option Citoyenne to form
370:
In 2002, the PCQ-PCC joined in a federation with the
757:
Reorganization and the formation of Québec solidaire
627:, Fred Rose was re-elected MP for Montreal-Cartier.
408:. While the Catholic Church, particularly after the
2631:
2540:
2410:
2370:
2263:
2187:
2131:
2094:
2078:
2042:
2019:
2012:
275:
260:
250:
240:
228:
200:
190:
175:
165:
157:
136:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1040:Labor-Progressive Party/Parti ouvrier-progressiste
1801:Results compared to Communist candidates in 1939.
864:The PCQ-PCC left QS following QS's merger with
637:In 1946, Guy Caron was appointed leader of the
506:Growing in stature, the party made its journal
430:Around the same time, in 1923 radical militant
2341:
1988:
681:In February 1957, in an article published in
372:Rassemblement pour l'alternative progressiste
8:
609:In November 1943, the First Congress of the
2608:Rassemblement pour l'Indépendance Nationale
2422:Alliance pour la famille et les communautés
1957:Nationalist attempt to control PCQ defeated
1899:"On the Passing of Comrade Pierre Fontaine"
344:(CPC). The PCQ-PCC publishes the newspaper
2348:
2334:
2326:
2016:
1995:
1981:
1973:
133:
828:Directeur général des élections du Québec
750:In March 1983, Fred Rose died in Poland.
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1968:National Assembly historical information
1767:In 2002, the Communist Party joined the
1237:
1036:
919:
1843:
1823:
1298:
1101:
953:
2690:Provincial political parties in Quebec
736:the PQ took power for the first time.
2685:Political parties established in 1921
1038:Changed name from Communist Party to
726:Corporation des enseignants du Québec
722:Confédération des Syndicats Nationaux
7:
1953:— statement by Parizeau on the split
765:Alternate logo used during the 2000s
586:Co-operative Commonwealth Federation
58:adding citations to reliable sources
27:Provincial political party in Canada
359:(Labor-Progressive Party), and the
25:
787:Social Democratic Party of Quebec
696:PCQ founding and Cold War history
376:Parti de la démocratie socialiste
2360:
2308:
2307:
2086:Young Communist League (YCL-LCJ)
1917:Rebel Youth – Jeunesse Militante
1865:Paré, Étienne (16 August 2019).
1758:
1757:
1743:
1709:
1708:
1694:
1659:
1646:
1611:
1598:
1567:
1566:
1552:
1521:
1520:
1506:
1475:
1474:
1460:
1429:
1428:
1414:
1383:
1382:
1368:
1337:
1336:
1322:
1286:
1285:
1271:
1230:
1229:
1215:
1184:
1183:
1169:
1138:
1137:
1123:
1089:
1088:
1074:
1029:
1028:
1014:
876:Young Communist League of Canada
149:
34:
2695:Organizations based in Montreal
2649:Parti canadien / Parti patriote
2517:Parti accès propriété et équité
618:August 1944 provincial election
45:needs additional citations for
1769:Union des forces progressistes
1744:
1695:
1660:
1647:
1612:
1599:
1553:
1507:
1461:
1415:
1369:
1323:
1272:
1216:
1170:
1124:
1075:
1015:
639:Quebec Labor-Progressive Party
523:, while CA Perry got 1,012 in
489:League against War and Fascism
468:1930 Canadian federal election
380:Union des forces progressistes
1:
2700:1921 establishments in Quebec
2532:Quebecers United for Equality
1797:Defence of Canada Regulations
734:November 1976 Quebec election
546:and Emile Godin 288 votes in
542:, Évariste Dubé 185 votes in
487:organized an assembly of the
2558:Parti du socialisme chrétien
1959:— CPC statement on the split
1852:"Archives du journal Clarté"
1781:2007 Quebec general election
1779:in 2006. Beginning with the
1773:2003 Quebec general election
896:Ginette Gauthier (1991–1994)
2680:Communist parties in Canada
2553:Parti nationaliste chrétien
2357:Political parties in Quebec
2188:Federal election candidates
1755:
1752:
1749:
1721:
1706:
1703:
1700:
1672:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1624:
1610:
1607:
1604:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1380:
1377:
1374:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1283:
1280:
1277:
1249:
1227:
1224:
1221:
1181:
1178:
1175:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1083:
1080:
1052:
1023:
1020:
982:
979:
908:Pierre Fontaine (2004–2020)
797:Union of Progressive Forces
718:Quebec Federation of Labour
69:"Communist Party of Quebec"
2716:
2598:Parti ouvrier-progressiste
899:André Cloutier (1994–1998)
803:in 2006 to form the party
710:1972 Québec general strike
652:(founded 1946), under the
625:June 1945 federal election
357:Parti ouvrier-progressiste
334:provincial political party
326:Parti communiste du Québec
142:Parti communiste du Québec
2632:Pre-Confederation parties
2568:Action libérale nationale
2527:Parti pour l'indépendance
2305:
2027:Communist Party of Canada
2005:Communist Party of Canada
1951:Regarding the other "PCQ"
1791:Candidates ran under the
911:Adrien Welsh (since 2020)
687:revelations of Khrushchev
664:20th Congress of the CPSU
557:to create the repressive
482:Repression and resistance
462:In July 1930, during the
342:Communist Party of Canada
318:Communist Party of Quebec
291:
280:
245:Communist Party of Canada
148:
139:Communist Party of Quebec
2593:Parti national populaire
893:Marianne Roy (1989–1991)
141:
2578:CCF / Social Democratic
2380:Coalition Avenir Québec
2107:Labor-Progressive Party
1793:Labor-Progressive Party
955:Stanley Bréhaut Ryerson
611:Labor-Progressive Party
501:Stanley Bréhaut Ryerson
436:Communist International
361:Labor-Progressive Party
283:particommunisteduquebec
230:Political position
2286:Figueroa v Canada (AG)
766:
745:1980 Quebec referendum
544:Montréal–Saint-Jacques
445:Young Communist League
325:
2639:Château Clique / Tory
2603:Ralliement créditiste
2563:Parti Unité Nationale
2497:L'union fait la force
836:2019 federal election
764:
548:Montréal–Sainte-Marie
1887:. 25 September 2018.
540:Montréal–Saint-Louis
241:National affiliation
54:improve this article
2675:Communism in Quebec
2548:Action démocratique
1871:Journal de Montréal
1813:Communism in Quebec
882:General Secretaries
432:Albert Saint-Martin
2541:Historical parties
2472:Équipe Autonomiste
2467:DĂ©mocratie directe
941:% of popular vote
767:
602:On 9 August 1943,
410:Russian Revolution
296:Politics of Quebec
2662:
2661:
2372:National Assembly
2323:
2322:
2127:
2126:
1765:
1764:
1740:
1731:
1691:
1682:
1643:
1634:
1595:
1586:
1549:
1540:
1503:
1494:
1457:
1448:
1411:
1402:
1365:
1356:
1319:
1310:
1268:
1259:
1212:
1203:
1166:
1157:
1120:
1111:
1071:
1062:
1011:
1002:
974:
965:
923:Year of election
579:Spanish Civil War
555:Maurice Duplessis
314:
313:
301:Political parties
263:National Assembly
220:Quebec autonomism
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
2707:
2502:Marxist-Leninist
2487:Integrity Quebec
2392:Québec solidaire
2365:
2364:
2350:
2343:
2336:
2327:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2264:Related articles
2055:British Columbia
2017:
2006:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1974:
1947:
1946:
1944:Official website
1929:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1919:. 26 August 2020
1909:
1903:
1902:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1848:
1831:
1828:
1777:Québec solidaire
1761:
1760:
1747:
1746:
1738:
1734:
1729:
1725:
1712:
1711:
1698:
1697:
1689:
1685:
1680:
1676:
1663:
1662:
1650:
1649:
1641:
1637:
1632:
1628:
1615:
1614:
1602:
1601:
1593:
1589:
1584:
1580:
1570:
1569:
1556:
1555:
1547:
1543:
1538:
1534:
1524:
1523:
1510:
1509:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1488:
1478:
1477:
1464:
1463:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1442:
1432:
1431:
1418:
1417:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1386:
1385:
1372:
1371:
1363:
1359:
1354:
1350:
1340:
1339:
1326:
1325:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1289:
1288:
1275:
1274:
1266:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1233:
1232:
1219:
1218:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1187:
1186:
1173:
1172:
1164:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1141:
1140:
1127:
1126:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1105:
1092:
1091:
1078:
1077:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1056:
1032:
1031:
1018:
1017:
1009:
1005:
1000:
996:
972:
968:
963:
959:
929:# of candidates
920:
916:Election results
866:Option nationale
805:Québec solidaire
575:Spanish Republic
521:Montreal-Cartier
464:Great Depression
384:Québec solidaire
287:
284:
270:
215:Marxism–Leninism
186:
184:
153:
134:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2704:
2665:
2664:
2663:
2658:
2627:
2618:Union Nationale
2536:
2406:
2403:Independent (1)
2398:Parti Québécois
2366:
2359:
2354:
2324:
2319:
2313:
2301:
2259:
2183:
2123:
2090:
2074:
2038:
2032:notable members
2008:
2004:
2001:
1942:
1941:
1938:
1933:
1932:
1922:
1920:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1850:
1849:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1834:
1829:
1825:
1820:
1810:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1739:
1736:
1730:
1727:
1722:André Parizeau
1690:
1687:
1681:
1678:
1673:André Cloutier
1642:
1639:
1633:
1630:
1594:
1591:
1585:
1582:
1548:
1545:
1539:
1536:
1502:
1499:
1493:
1490:
1456:
1453:
1447:
1444:
1410:
1407:
1401:
1398:
1364:
1361:
1355:
1352:
1318:
1315:
1309:
1306:
1267:
1264:
1258:
1255:
1211:
1208:
1202:
1199:
1165:
1162:
1156:
1153:
1119:
1116:
1110:
1107:
1070:
1067:
1061:
1058:
1010:
1007:
1001:
998:
973:
970:
964:
961:
932:# of seats won
918:
884:
852:
813:
759:
740:natural death.
730:Parti Québécois
698:
632:Gouzenko Affair
484:
453:William Kashtan
401:
396:
310:
281:
271:
268:
224:
182:
180:
144:
143:
140:
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2713:
2711:
2703:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2667:
2666:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2573:Bloc Populaire
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2544:
2542:
2538:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2442:Canadian Party
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2418:
2416:
2408:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2401:
2395:
2389:
2383:
2376:
2374:
2368:
2367:
2355:
2353:
2352:
2345:
2338:
2330:
2321:
2320:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2282:
2275:
2272:People's Voice
2267:
2265:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2191:
2189:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2135:
2133:
2129:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2120:
2119:
2114:
2104:
2098:
2096:
2092:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2082:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2023:
2021:
2014:
2010:
2009:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1954:
1948:
1937:
1936:External links
1934:
1931:
1930:
1904:
1901:. 2 June 2020.
1890:
1876:
1857:
1842:
1841:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1806:
1763:
1762:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1741:
1735:
1732:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1692:
1686:
1683:
1677:
1674:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1644:
1638:
1635:
1629:
1626:
1623:
1617:
1616:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1596:
1590:
1587:
1581:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1550:
1544:
1541:
1535:
1532:
1526:
1525:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1504:
1498:
1495:
1489:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1471:
1468:
1465:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1443:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1425:
1422:
1419:
1412:
1406:
1403:
1397:
1394:
1388:
1387:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1366:
1360:
1357:
1351:
1348:
1342:
1341:
1333:
1330:
1327:
1320:
1314:
1311:
1305:
1302:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1269:
1263:
1260:
1254:
1251:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1235:
1234:
1226:
1223:
1220:
1213:
1207:
1204:
1198:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1167:
1161:
1158:
1152:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1106:
1103:
1100:
1094:
1093:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1072:
1066:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1034:
1033:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1012:
1006:
1003:
997:
994:
988:
987:
984:
981:
978:
975:
969:
966:
960:
957:
952:
946:
945:
942:
939:
936:
933:
930:
927:
924:
917:
914:
913:
912:
909:
906:
903:André Parizeau
900:
897:
894:
891:
883:
880:
851:
848:
832:Bloc Québécois
812:
809:
801:Option citizen
758:
755:
697:
694:
570:Norman Bethune
512:Norman Bethune
483:
480:
449:Young Pioneers
400:
397:
395:
392:
353:banned in 1941
312:
311:
309:
308:
303:
298:
292:
289:
288:
278:
277:
273:
272:
267:
265:
258:
257:
252:
248:
247:
242:
238:
237:
232:
226:
225:
223:
222:
217:
212:
206:
204:
198:
197:
192:
188:
187:
177:
173:
172:
169:
163:
162:
159:
155:
154:
146:
145:
138:
137:
128:
127:
110:September 2007
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
18:André Parizeau
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2712:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2630:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2539:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2447:Climat Québec
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2432:Bloc Montreal
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2409:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2384:
2381:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2373:
2369:
2363:
2358:
2351:
2346:
2344:
2339:
2337:
2332:
2331:
2328:
2318:
2316:
2304:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2281:
2280:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2268:
2266:
2262:
2256:
2253:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2186:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2130:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2097:
2093:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2015:
2011:
2007:
1998:
1993:
1991:
1986:
1984:
1979:
1978:
1975:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1918:
1914:
1908:
1905:
1900:
1894:
1891:
1886:
1880:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1861:
1858:
1853:
1847:
1844:
1837:
1827:
1824:
1817:
1812:
1811:
1807:
1805:
1798:
1794:
1789:
1788:
1784:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1742:
1733:
1724:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1693:
1684:
1675:
1670:
1667:
1666:
1645:
1636:
1627:
1625:Marianne Roy
1622:
1619:
1618:
1597:
1588:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1551:
1542:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1505:
1496:
1487:
1485:
1482:
1481:
1459:
1450:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1413:
1404:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1367:
1358:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1321:
1312:
1303:
1301:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1270:
1261:
1252:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1236:
1214:
1205:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1190:
1168:
1159:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1144:
1122:
1113:
1104:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1086:
1073:
1064:
1055:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1035:
1026:
1013:
1004:
995:
993:
990:
989:
985:
976:
967:
958:
956:
951:
948:
947:
943:
940:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
921:
915:
910:
907:
904:
901:
898:
895:
892:
889:
886:
885:
881:
879:
877:
872:
869:
867:
862:
858:
855:
849:
847:
845:
839:
837:
833:
829:
824:
822:
817:
810:
808:
806:
802:
798:
793:
790:
788:
782:
779:
776:
771:
763:
756:
754:
751:
748:
746:
741:
737:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
713:
711:
705:
703:
695:
693:
690:
688:
684:
679:
677:
673:
672:J.B. Salsberg
669:
665:
660:
657:
655:
651:
646:
642:
640:
635:
633:
628:
626:
621:
619:
614:
612:
607:
605:
600:
598:
593:
591:
590:Eugene Forsey
587:
582:
580:
576:
571:
566:
564:
560:
556:
551:
549:
545:
541:
537:
532:
528:
526:
522:
516:
513:
509:
504:
502:
498:
494:
490:
481:
479:
477:
473:
469:
465:
460:
456:
454:
450:
446:
440:
437:
433:
428:
426:
422:
418:
413:
411:
407:
406:Patriots' War
398:
393:
391:
387:
385:
381:
377:
373:
368:
366:
362:
358:
354:
349:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
293:
290:
286:
279:
274:
266:
264:
261:Seats in the
259:
256:
253:
249:
246:
243:
239:
236:
233:
231:
227:
221:
218:
216:
213:
211:
208:
207:
205:
203:
199:
196:
193:
189:
178:
174:
170:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
147:
135:
132:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2583:Conservative
2457:Conservative
2451:
2314:
2284:
2277:
2271:
2102:Saskatchewan
2069:
1921:. Retrieved
1916:
1907:
1893:
1879:
1870:
1860:
1846:
1826:
1790:
1786:
1785:
1766:
1238:
1053:Paul Moisan
1037:
873:
870:
863:
859:
856:
853:
843:
840:
825:
821:Gang of Four
818:
814:
794:
791:
783:
780:
772:
768:
752:
749:
742:
738:
714:
706:
702:Samuel Walsh
699:
691:
682:
680:
676:Harry Gulkin
661:
658:
649:
647:
643:
636:
629:
622:
615:
608:
601:
596:
594:
583:
567:
562:
552:
533:
529:
517:
507:
505:
485:
476:Viger Square
461:
457:
441:
429:
417:Annie Buller
414:
402:
388:
378:to form the
369:
350:
345:
329:
317:
315:
194:
171:Adrien Welsh
158:Abbreviation
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2654:Parti rouge
2492:Libertarian
2292:Padlock Law
2279:Rebel Youth
2013:Party wings
938:# of votes
905:(1998–2004)
890:(1965–1989)
842:periodical,
654:padlock law
559:padlock law
525:Saint-Denis
493:Joe Wallace
472:Maisonneuve
470:running in
421:Rand School
404:before the
2669:Categories
2644:Parti bleu
2413:authorized
2095:Historical
2079:Affiliates
2043:Provincial
1838:References
1102:Guy Caron
850:After 2005
811:2005 split
80:newspapers
2613:Socialist
2452:Communist
2149:MacDonald
1923:26 August
1300:Sam Walsh
888:Sam Walsh
868:in 2017.
604:Fred Rose
536:Fred Rose
497:Fred Rose
425:Comintern
415:In 1920,
365:Sam Walsh
306:Elections
210:Communism
191:Newspaper
2588:Equality
2522:Parti 51
2462:Culinary
2437:Bloc pot
2315:Category
2174:Figueroa
2144:Moriarty
2060:Manitoba
1808:See also
1728:20 / 125
1679:10 / 125
1631:10 / 125
1583:10 / 122
1537:10 / 122
1491:14 / 110
1042:in 1943.
724:and the
668:Tim Buck
447:and the
374:and the
235:Far-left
202:Ideology
2415:parties
2386:Liberal
2297:PROFUNC
2169:Hewison
2164:Kashtan
2132:Leaders
2112:Ontario
2065:Ontario
2050:Alberta
2020:Federal
1737:0 / 125
1688:0 / 125
1640:0 / 125
1592:0 / 122
1546:0 / 122
1500:0 / 110
1454:0 / 110
1445:0 / 110
1408:0 / 108
1399:1 / 108
1362:0 / 108
1353:4 / 108
1200:32 / 93
944:± (pp)
926:Leader
834:in the
641:(LPP).
623:In the
616:In the
597:Le Jour
577:in the
399:Origins
394:History
332:) is a
330:PCQ-PCC
276:Website
269:0 / 125
251:Colours
181: (
176:Founded
161:PCQ-PCC
94:scholar
2427:Animal
2411:Other
2179:Rowley
2159:Morris
2139:Burpee
2117:Quebec
2070:Quebec
1753:0.05%
1750:2,113
1704:0.03%
1701:1,062
1656:0.02%
1608:0.02%
1562:0.02%
1516:0.05%
1513:1,776
1424:0.01%
1378:0.02%
1316:0 / 95
1307:1 / 95
1281:0.03%
1265:0 / 95
1256:2 / 95
1225:0.35%
1222:6,517
1209:0 / 93
1179:0.23%
1176:3,932
1163:0 / 92
1154:4 / 92
1133:0.32%
1130:4,899
1117:0 / 92
1108:1 / 92
1084:0.59%
1081:7,873
1068:0 / 91
1059:3 / 91
1024:0.03%
1008:0 / 86
999:1 / 86
983:0.18%
980:1,045
971:0 / 90
962:3 / 90
844:Clarté
807:(QS).
683:Clarté
650:Combat
563:Clarté
508:Clarté
346:Clarté
338:Quebec
322:French
195:Clarté
167:Leader
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2623:Unity
2482:Human
2477:Green
1818:Notes
1787:Notes
101:JSTOR
87:books
2394:(12)
2388:(19)
2382:(89)
2255:2021
2250:2019
2245:2015
2240:2011
2235:2008
2230:2006
2225:2004
2220:2000
2215:1988
2210:1984
2205:1979
2200:1974
2195:1945
2154:Buck
1925:2020
1756:0.02
1718:1998
1707:0.01
1669:1994
1653:808
1621:1989
1605:834
1576:1985
1565:0.03
1559:768
1530:1981
1519:0.05
1484:1976
1473:0.01
1438:1973
1427:0.01
1421:213
1392:1970
1381:0.02
1375:502
1346:1966
1335:0.33
1295:1962
1284:0.33
1278:536
1250:N/A
1246:1960
1228:0.12
1193:1956
1182:0.09
1147:1952
1136:0.27
1098:1948
1087:0.56
1049:1944
1027:0.15
1021:159
992:1939
986:New
977:New
950:1936
670:and
316:The
183:1965
179:1965
73:news
2512:Nul
2507:NDP
2400:(4)
1332:0%
1329:71
775:KKE
336:in
285:.ca
255:Red
56:by
2671::
1915:.
1869:.
1470:—
1467:—
935:±
878:.
838:.
747:.
704:.
689:.
666:.
656:.
581:.
550:.
527:.
495:,
348:.
328:,
324::
2349:e
2342:t
2335:v
1996:e
1989:t
1982:v
1927:.
1873:.
1854:.
320:(
185:)
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
