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379:(the president's executive office building) put anti-peronists and the military on high alert when, in fact, Perón's proxies won 10 of 14 governorships at stake - including Framini's victory in the all-important Province of Buenos Aires. President Frondizi was forced to annul Framini's March 18 victory, and despite quickly obeying military demands, on March 28 the president was overthrown.
352:(home to 38% of Argentines) and for vice-governor: Perón, himself. The leader believed this symbolic spot on the ticket (which, unable to return, he could never fill) would prove a powerful endorsement to Framini; but the move backfired. Frondizi's government declared Perón's candidacy null and void, and even
316:
The textile workers' leader helped organize the
Commission of 20, in October 1960, with the goal of persuading Frondizi to rid the CGT of its puppet leadership. A successful, November 7, 1960, general strike resulted in the president's agreeing to talks, and on March 3, 1961, the CGT was entrusted to
268:
Framini responded by calling a three-day general strike for
November 15; Aramburu had over 9,000 CGT figures (including Framini and Natalini) jailed, however, thus foiling the strike. The failed strike was followed by a prison sentence for Framini, at which he was stripped of official CGT leadership.
256:
The two CGT leaders arrived at an agreement with Labor
Minister Luis Cerruti Costa (himself an erstwhile Peronist) within a day of taking over. They greed to union elections within 120 days and the formal abandonment of peronism, in return for assurances against government (or military) intervention.
166:
a powerful political opportunity, which he seized by aggressively lobbying employers for a redress of these grievances, which had hitherto been quite difficult for most working-class
Argentines to do. The Vice President's receptiveness to reform and his assurances of change earned Framini's support.
276:
The AOT received a military-appointed leader, though in 1957 the regime allowed new labor union elections resulting in the victory of
Framini's deputy at the textile union, Juan Carlos Loholaberry. The regime's appointees at the CGT sabotaged an August 1957 congress by walking out (depriving the
300:, as Economy Minister at the end of 1958, throwing Framini and labor, in general, against the new administration. The president retaliated by having Framini arrested numerous times in 1959 - a year marked by recession and labor conflicts. The labor leader's case was brought before the
440:, appointed a Labor Minister, Rubens San Sebastián, whose self-professed strategy vis-à-vis the CGT was that of "divide and conquer;" San Sebastián's support for Vandor eventually helped lead the AOT to replace Framini for his deputy, Juan Carlos Laholaberry, in 1968.
465:
Following the
Peronists' return to power in 1973, Framini was unable to return to political prominence. The early morning hours of March 24, 1976, found him and Mrs. Framini away from home – a coincidence that saved their lives when the newly installed
470:
raided their home with the intention of eliminating the retired labor leader. The
Framinis were forced to sell the home and relocate to a tiny apartment, where they remained due to economic duress following the end of the dictatorship in 1983.
391:
to demand he be sworn in as governor; the demonstration was violently repressed, however. These bitter experience helped divide the CGT once again, moreover, and two camps eventually developed in the trade union. The leader of the
423:
leader
Lorenzo Pepe, and the sanitation workers' leader Amado Olmos. As head of the UOM (the CGT's largest union), however, Vandor was able to eject Alonso as CGT head. Vandor's faction of the CGT benefited as well from the
415:. Perón's frustrated December 1964 return to Argentina only exacerbated tensions between the two factions and, in February 1966, the CGT was divided. Framini counted on strong supporters, such as CGT Secretary General
667:
194:
plan, Framini displaced the AOT's more militant, left-wing leadership, becoming the powerful union's
Secretary General. In that capacity, he was among those present at the June 16, 1955, rally at the
474:
Framini received numerous recognitions in later years. His 1962 electoral victory was honored with the bestowment of the title of "Former
Governor-elect of the Province of Buenos Aires" by Governor
233:, held talks with the CGT that sought to allow the continued existence of the 2.5 million-member labor union (the largest in Latin America, at the time), while coercing the CGT to abandon
171:'s October 13, 1945, arrest of the increasingly popular Perón, Framini participated actively in the October 17 mobilizations that freed the populist leader and forced the regime to call
490:
Peronist platform (on which he was elected in 1989) and offered his support to a small left-wing party in 2000. He attended a May 9, 2001, tribute to the populist former first lady,
454:, exposed the kidnapping as a hoax, however, and Framini kept a low profile for some time. The incident inspired Víctor Proncet's script for director Raymundo Gleyzer's 1973 drama
448:
Framini's own exit from the AOT was far from ceremonious: as the rank-and-file voted, they learned that he had been apparently kidnapped. The prominent Buenos Aires daily,
662:
340:, had been banned from political life since 1955; but Framini and other Peronists ran on proxy political parties organized after Perón's overthrow, notably
183:
508:(1999) was shown as part of the tribute, and when the projection came to an end, Andrés Framini was found dead in his seat; he was 86. He was buried in
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411:
The two leaders' differences were superficial, initially, and the two formed part of the Peronist Tactical Command, the movement's secret political
273:
against Aramburu - a fiasco which resulted in Valle's execution, as well as of 26 others'. Framini himself escaped this fate by going into hiding.
603:
537:
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the Commission of 20 (ending nearly 6 years of government receivership). These accomplishments encouraged Peronists to field candidates for
433:
322:
257:
Cerruti Costa's insistence on continuing to replace CGT leaders led to Framini's October 26 ultimatum against him, with the threat of a
404:
in June 1962 resulting in a marked leftward shift in the CGT's platform, a position encouraged by the re-appointment of the anti-labor
559:
301:
237:. The CGT's directors resigned on October 5, leaving the leadership to Framini and to Light and Power Union leader Luis Natalini.
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261:. This was averted at the last minute; but on November 13, General Lonardi was replaced with the more anti-Peronist Gen.
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He then formed an "Authentic CGT" and was among the civilian organizers of a failed, June 9, 1956, coup led by Gen,
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jets flew overhead, dropping their ordnance and killing over 350 before flying to safety in neighboring
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section of the city. Poor pay and working conditions provided Labor Minister and then Vice President
371:, and joined on the ticket by Marcos Anglada, Framini's unofficial slogan was unequivocal, however:
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recognized him for his historical role as a Notable Argentine, in 1997. Framini opposed President
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296:. The military, however, forced Frondizi to appoint an ultra-conservative military contractor,
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281:), and Framini responded by calling two general strikes, in September and October.
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432:(overthrown for allowing Peronists to take their seats in Congress following a
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125:(August 2, 1914 – May 9, 2001) was an Argentine labor leader and politician.
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158:, eventually working for the important Piccaluga facility in the southside
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356:(a supporter of Perón's until his overthrow) spoke out against the move.
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190:. Following a series of failed strikes in 1953 against President Perón's
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Sindicato Mercosul: Falleció Framini, el gobernador que no llegó a serlo
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Framini led a gathering on the steps of the Provincial Legislature in
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chairs talks with CGT leaders Luis Natalini and Andrés Framini (
182:(AOT) was formed ten days later as an affiliate of the umbrella
147:
462:) – a banned film which, to date, has not been shown publicly.
304:(ILO), which prevailed on President Frondizi to allow Framini
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in support of the president following his excommunication by
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Members of the General Confederation of Labour (Argentina)
348:. The Popular Union nominated Framini for governor of the
308:. He was returned as head of the AOT, later that year.
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by echoing the exiled Juan Perón's endorsement of the
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332:Framini votes in the 1962 gubernatorial elections.
175:for early in 1946; Perón was elected handily.
138:Andrés Framini was born in the working-class
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146:, in 1914. He entered the labor force as a
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178:Encouraged by these developments, the
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436:victory). Illia's replacement, Gen.
321:and the governorships, ahead of the
663:Argentine people of Italian descent
554:Luis Galcerán: El tercer peronismo
186:, and Framini was elected factory
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302:International Labour Organization
202:, a day earlier. As Perón spoke,
678:Burials at La Chacarita Cemetery
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604:Camara de Diputados: Homenaje
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505:Perón: A Symphony of Feelings
480:Argentine Chamber of Deputies
359:Receiving the endorsement of
323:March 1962 mid-term elections
180:Textile Workers' Association
408:and a new, deep recession.
375:The clear reference to the
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562:November 19, 2009, at the
426:June 28, 1966, coup d'état
394:Steel and Metalworks Union
215:overthrown on September 19
496:Argentine Workers' Center
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350:Province of Buenos Aires
244:October 1955: President
286:February 1958 elections
284:Framini geared for the
213:; Perón was ultimately
43:Andrés Framini in 1955.
486:'s abandonment of his
369:Alicia Moreau de Justo
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312:Candidate for governor
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587:. Random House, 1983.
510:La Chacarita Cemetery
498:headquarters. There,
468:military dictatorship
383:Framini versus Vandor
342:Juan Atilio Bramuglia
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156:textile manufacturers
229:new president, Gen.
225:The moderately anti-
167:Following President
658:People from Berisso
438:Juan Carlos Onganía
204:Argentine Air Force
585:Perón: A Biography
428:against President
338:Justicialist Party
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78:(2001-05-09)
653:2001 deaths
648:1914 births
417:José Alonso
377:Casa Rosada
306:due process
292:candidate,
89:Nationality
76:May 9, 2001
642:Categories
516:References
444:Later life
413:think tank
164:Juan Perón
150:in one of
142:suburb of
60:1914-08-02
494:, at the
492:Eva Perón
192:austerity
173:elections
129:Biography
101:Argentina
560:Archived
488:populist
478:and the
402:La Falda
389:La Plata
363:leaders
319:Congress
235:Peronism
227:Peronist
160:Barracas
140:La Plata
451:Crónica
396:(UOM),
211:Uruguay
154:' many
144:Berisso
67:Berisso
626:Clarín
279:quorum
98:
250:right
367:and
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290:UCRI
148:peon
73:Died
54:Born
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344:'s
184:CGT
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613:^
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