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furlough; she used the time to complete her postgraduate work and study hospital-building and equipment. When she returned to India she was able to purchase an 18-acre plot of land with the donations generated by the goodwill she had earned and also with help from her fellow missionaries who collected money for her.
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of the
Lutheran Church in America. The Synod board said it was "not yet ready to undertake work of this kind" (i.e., medical mission) but was willing to send her to India as a teacher for Muslim women living in harems. She accepted the assignment because she was sure she could eventually convince the
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In addition to her teaching duties, she practised medicine for the local women, who had previously received only primitive medical care. Her work was hampered by limitations of caste and race - as a white woman she was regarded as "unclean" by high-caste Hindus - but she said, "it was all in the way
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In 1895 she was finally released from other mission duties and was able to devote herself full-time to medical work. In addition to her duties at the dispensary and hospital, she worked to open dispensaries in other villages throughout South India; raised funds for a children's ward, maternity ward
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She continued her teaching and was placed in charge of the Hindu Girls School and the Girls
Boarding School. In December 1885 she was finally appointed a medical missionary. She immediately began planning for a hospital and a dispensary. From 1889 to 1891 she was back in the United States on
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In 1882 she received a letter from the
Reverend Adam D. Rowe, a Lutheran missionary serving in India, suggesting that India urgently needed medical missionaries to serve women. She decided to apply for sponsorship to the Woman's Home and Foreign Missionary Society of the
202:, became a supporter of Dr. Kugler's work after she treated his wife and delivered their son, and he donated the "Rao Chinnamagari Satram" as a rest-house opposite the hospital, where Hindu families could stay while their relatives were being treated.
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of opening up the path for those who came later." Despite the restrictions, during her first year in Guntur she treated 185 patients at their homes, and 276 at the Zenana Home where she lived. Her motto was "Ourselves Your
Servants for Jesus' Sake."
248:, her colleague and close associate, "I would like to get well and work longer, for I would like to feel I had served India for fifty years, and I have served only forty-seven." After her death the hospital she had founded was renamed
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board to establish medical work in India, and she wanted to be in at the beginning. On August 25, 1883, she sailed for India, arriving on
November 29, 1883. She was assigned to Guntur in the state of
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was laid. The hospital itself opened on June 23, 1897. It was a 50-bed hospital and was regarded as one of the best in India. Bhuyanga Rao
Bahadur of Ellore, a local
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She fell ill from exhaustion in 1925 and returned to the United States for two years to recuperate. She then returned to India to carry on her work despite having
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240:. She died at her own hospital in Guntur on July 26, 1930. She was buried in Guntur though there is a memorial to her in the Saint Paul's Lutheran Cemetery in
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A dispensary was opened on the land in
February 1893, and later that year the cornerstone for the
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117:(19 April 1856 – 26 July 1930) was the first medical missionary of the
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Evangelical
Lutheran General Synod of the United States of North America
217:, an autobiography intended as a guide to future medical missionaries.
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In recognition of her work she was twice (1905 and 1917) awarded the
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428:. Women's Missionary Society, The United Lutheran Church in America.
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The
Westminster Handbook to Women in American Religious History
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and operating room in the hospital; and did medical work in
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244:. Shortly before her death she is reported to have said to
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While on furlough in the United States in 1928, she wrote
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Founding a hospital in Guntur, India and teaching medicine
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Lindley, Susan Hill; Stebner, Eleanor J., eds. (2008).
517:"Anna S. Kugler, M.D. Guntur Medical Mission Hospital"
445:. New York: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 288.
411:. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House. p. 80.
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442:The United States in Asia: A Historical Dictionary
121:. She served in India for 47 years. She founded a
314:Kurian, George Thomas; Lamport, Mark A. (2016).
409:Glimpses of the Lives of Great Missionary Women
601:Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania alumni
196:American Evangelical Lutheran Mission Hospital
262:, new title in 2017 by Eva Sundari Elizabeth.
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537:. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 124.
544:The Life and Work of Dr. Anna Sarah Kugler
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320:. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 1299.
260:The Life and Work of Dr. Anna Sarah Kugler
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425:Guntur Mission Hospital, Guntur, India
586:Recipients of the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal
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542:Elizabeth, Eva Sundari (2017).
492:"Dr Anna Sarah Kugler Memorial"
129:which was later named for her.
53:Montgomery County, Pennsylvania
581:American Lutheran missionaries
576:Lutheran missionaries in India
566:Christian medical missionaries
280:"7 influential Lutheran women"
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606:American expatriates in India
561:Female Christian missionaries
151:Friends' Central High School
422:Kugler, Anna Sarah (1928).
407:Kretzmann, Paul E. (1930).
353:Lutheran Leaders Collection
100:Medical Missionary in India
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571:American women physicians
163:Norristown State Hospital
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157:. She then attended the
133:Early life and education
378:"The way we were: 1886"
215:Guntur Mission Hospital
70:July 26, 1930 (aged 74)
467:"Dr Anna Sarah Kugler"
439:Shavit, David (1990).
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471:Find a Grave Memorial
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242:Ardmore, Pennsylvania
115:Dr. Anna Sarah Kugler
496:Lower Merion History
349:"Anna Sarah Kugler"
227:Kaisar-i-Hind Medal
290:on 15 October 2013
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267:References
97:Occupation
66:1930-07-26
41:1856-04-19
501:2 January
123:hospital
92:American
139:Ardmore
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