1098:, Issue No. 495, a power-hungry, ambitious General Obando paid an assassin to kill Sucre by falsely informing the assassin that Sucre was a traitor and had to be stopped because Sucre's intentions were to go to Quito and separate the Department of Cauca and the three southern departments of Colombia and unite them with Peru. In reality, Sucre, a protégé of Bolívar, was going to Quito to stop the separation of the District of Ecuador from the Gran Colombia and to retire as soon as possible in Quito to live a quiet life with his wife. Some have argued that Sucre was ordered assassinated by General Obando so as to leave no clear successor to Bolívar in the Gran Colombia. Before his death, Bolívar believed Sucre to be the only man who could have reunited the Gran Colombia; however, Bolívar's generals and the majority of the politicians running the separate departments of the Gran Colombia had other selfish and ambitious plans. Sucre represented, according to historian Tomás Polanco Alcántara, "the indispensable complement to Simón Bolívar". Upon hearing the news of Sucre's death, Bolívar said, "Se ha derramado, Dios excelso, la sangre del inocente Abel..." ("The blood of the innocent Abel has been spilled, oh, Most High God..."). Bolívar later wrote (
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were interred in secret in the oratory of the chapel of "El Dean" on one of her haciendas. Subsequently, she had the remains transferred, also in secret, to the Carmen Bajo
Convent in Quito, where they were placed facing the main altar of the church. Seventy years later, in April 1900, Sucre's remains were discovered and, their authenticity scrupulously verified, transferred to the Quito Cathedral on 4 June 1900, in a sumptuous parade led by the Executive and his Ministers, the high dignitaries of the Church, and the diplomatic corps. At the time, the government ordered the building of a crypt, but it was not inaugurated until thirty-two years later, on 4 August 1932. This mausoleum consisted of a nine-ton monolith of granite from the quarries of the Pichincha volcano. Its cover, on which a cross is carved in high relief, was so heavy that thirty persons were required to move it into place.
1070:, who had previously given a military position to Obando and remained his associate. Santander also been implicated (without direct proof) as a conspirator in the attempt to assassinate Bolívar on September 25, 1828. Following a quick military trial in which he was sentenced to death, Santander was granted leniency via the Council of Ministers, and despite having reservations Bolívar commuted Santander's sentence and exiled him instead until his return to New Granada in 1832. The three peons who were part of the Sucre assassination party were poisoned by Apolinar Morillo to prevent them from testifying about Sucre's murder. In the end, Colonel Apolinar Morillo was convicted and shot in the main square of Bogotá for the murder of Sucre on 30 November 1842, and José Erazo died in prison that same year. José Maria Obando was granted immunity due to the fact that he was too powerful in the
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to the
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independence forces on 22 February. At this point, the majority of royalist troops of Upper Peru refused to continue fighting against the powerful army of Sucre and switched allegiances. Colonel
Medinacelli with 300 soldiers also revolted against Olañeta, and on 2 April 1825 they faced each other in the
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If he had breathed his spirit upon the theater of victory, with his last breath he would have given thanks to heaven for having given him a glorious death; but cowardly murdered in a dark mountain, he leaves his fatherland the duty of prosecuting this crime and of adopting measures that will curb new
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so as to form an independent country and become its first
President. General Flores believed that if Antonio José de Sucre arrived in Quito from Bogotá, he could thwart his plans, since Sucre was very popular due to his reputation as a hero and leader in the Battles of Pichincha, Tarqui and Ayacucho.
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The following day Sucre's orderly, a sergeant named
Lorenzo Caicedo, with some help from others, buried the body and marked the makeshift grave with a cross formed of branches. When the widow received news of the assassination, she promptly brought Sucre's remains from Berruecos to Quito, where they
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Later, Juan
Gregorio Sarria and Colonel Apolinar Morillo confessed that it was Obando who had convinced them to assassinate Sucre. Commander Juan Gregorio Sarria also confessed that Obando had paid him to kill Sucre, since there were anti-Bolívar politicians and officers in Bogotá that wanted to see
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The five assassins were hiding behind trees along the part of the trail known as La Jacoba waiting for Sucre's party, which would be passing the area single file. Sucre's retinue comprised seven persons: two muleteers with the baggage, two sergeants, one being the
Marshal's orderly, a representative
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When Bolívar got the news of the decision, he felt flattered by the young nation, but until then he had not willingly accepted Upper Peru's independence because he was worried about its future, due to
Bolivia's location in the center of South America. According to Bolívar, this would create a nation
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Through a decree it was determined that the new state in Upper Peru would carry the name of "República Bolívar", in honor of the liberator, who was designated as "Father of the
Republic and Supreme Chief of State". Bolívar thanked them for these honors, but declined the presidency of the Republic, a
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stayed in the hands of lieutenant colonel Pedro Arraya, with the cavalry squadrons "Santa
Victoria" (Holy Victory) and "Dragones Americanos" (American Dragoons), and in Chuquisaca the cavalry squadron "Dragones de la Frontera"(Frontier Dragoons) under colonel Francisco López claimed victory for the
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After the Constituent Assembly in Chuquisaca was reconvened by Marshal Sucre on 8 July 1825 and later concluded, it was determined the complete independence of Upper Peru under the republican form. Finally, the Assembly president José Mariano Serrano, together with a commission, wrote down the
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The world knows that the land of Upper Peru has been, in the American continent, the altar where the free people shed the first blood, and the land where the last of the tyrants’ tombs finally lays. Today, the Upper Peruvian departments protest in the face of the whole Earth its irrevocable
990:, then to Potosí and finally to Chuquisaca, where he met his lieutenant of many years once more. Such a fervent demonstration by the people touched Bolívar, who called the new nation his "Predilect Daughter" and was called by the peoples of the new republic their "Favorite Son."
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Sucre's tenure as president was beset by difficulties, and opposition to his rule mounted as the populace turned against Bolívar and his followers. He was forced to resign in 1828, but was recalled to military duty on the outbreak of the
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the First Battalion of the Infantry Regiment "Ferdinand VII", led by colonel José Martínez, rebelled and sided with the independence movement, only to be followed later by the Second Battalion, "Ferdinand VII" Infantry Regiment in
117:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG).
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On 18 April 1828, Sucre delegated command to the council of ministers, presided by José María Pérez de Urdininea. At that time, Sucre did not resign. It was not until 2 August that he presented his definitive resignation to the
927:"Independence Act of the Upper Peruvian Departments" which carries the date of 6 August 1825, in honor of the Battle of Junín won by Bolívar. Independence was declared by 7 representatives from Charcas, 14 from Potosí, 12 from
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862:, with 60,000 pieces of gold from the Coin House in Potosí. But for the Spanish military personnel in Upper Peru, it was too little too late, as since 1821 all out guerilla warfare had raged in this part of the continent.
986:), but what deeply convinced him otherwise was the attitude of the people. On 18 August, upon his arrival to La Paz, there was a demonstration of popular rejoicing. The same scene repeated when the Liberator arrived to
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that would face many future wars. Bolívar wished that Bolivia would become part of another nation, preferably Peru (given the fact that it had been part of
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to general Urdininea, putting an end to the war in Upper Peru and signalling victory to the local independence movement which had been active since 1811.
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General Juan José Flores put himself in contact with the anti-Bolívar and anti-Sucre leader Brigadier-General and the Commanding General of Cauca,
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signed the final capitulation of the Royalist army on his behalf. As a result, he was promoted, at the request of the Peruvian Congress, to
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After the victory at Ayacucho, following precise orders from Bolívar, Sucre, nominated as Ayacucho's Grand Marshal, entered
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duty he gave instead to the victor of Ayacucho, Grand Marshal Sucre, who would later be sworn in the same day as the first
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Spanish Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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wanted to separate the southern departments (Quito, Guayaquil, and Azuay), called the District of Ecuador, from the
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When a strong movement arose against Bolívar, his followers, and the Bolivian constitution in 1828, Sucre resigned.
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for centuries), or Argentina (since during the last decades of colonial domain it had been part of
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fortress with the "Chichas" Battalion. in charge of colonel Medinacelli, while Valdez was sent to
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In 1814, Antonio José de Sucre joined the fight for South American independence from Spain. The
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with the "Union" Infantry Battalion and loyalist militias, and Olañeta himself marched toward
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both Bolívar and Sucre eliminated. The ringleader of the anti-Bolívar faction in Bogotá was
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Antonio José de Sucre (Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho): Hero and Martyr of American Independence
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Presidentes de Bolivia entre urnas y fusiles: el poder ejecutivo, los ministros de estado
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Monument to Antonio José de Sucre in the constitutional capital of Bolivia, Sucre
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After the foundation of Bolivia, he became also the commander in chief of the
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scandals and the repetition of scenes as lamentable and painful as this.
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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offered a solution, suggesting that in the same manner which from
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The aristocratic Sucre family traces its roots back to origins in
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Memoria a la asamblea del Alto Perú en el día de su instalación
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689:. On 22 December 1779, Charles de Sucre y Pardo arrived in
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comes Rome, from Bolívar ought to come the new nation of
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in 1824, which effectively secured the independence of
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The Emancipation of Peru: British Eyewitness Accounts
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in Venezuela, which holds Cumana, is named after him.
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National presidents assassinated in the 19th century
1119:, as he had said, "I want my bones to be forever in
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a machine-translated version of the Spanish article.
778:took place at Pampa de La Quinua, near the town of
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971:If from Romulus, Rome; from Bolívar, it is Bolivia
1125:Mariana de Carcelén y Larrea, Marquise of Solanda
782:, between Royalist and Patriot forces. Sucre, as
521:Maríana de Carcelén y Larrea, Marquise of Solanda
1157:(VRSS-2), launched in 2017, was named after him.
713:took place on 24 May 1822, on the slopes of the
582:; 3 February 1795 – 4 June 1830), known as the "
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305: and the second or maternal family name is
725:. The encounter, fought in the context of the
135:accompanying your translation by providing an
97:Click for important translation instructions.
84:expand this article with text translated from
1998:
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8:
693:, Venezuela, having been named Governor of
60:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3116:People of the Peruvian War of Independence
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1045:Sucre was killed on 4 June 1830. General
754:Representation of the Battle of Pichincha
608:South America's struggle for independence
352:29 December 1825 – 18 April 1828
279:Learn how and when to remove this message
261:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:President of Peru and Bolivia (1795–1830)
3191:Assassinated presidents in South America
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942:resolution to be governed by themselves.
681:in 1698 and was later named Governor of
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606:, he was one of the primary leaders of
571:[anˈtonjoxoˈseðeˈsukɾejalkaˈla]
147:{{Translated|es|Antonio José de Sucre}}
1283:(in Spanish). Bolpress. Archived from
762:still had control of most of southern
3181:Politicians assassinated in the 1830s
1155:Venezuelan Remote Sensing Satellite 2
1013:, whose intentions had been to annex
727:Spanish American wars of independence
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7:
1312:. New Haven: Yale University Press.
397:23 June 1823 – 17 July 1823
199:adding citations to reliable sources
3146:Venezuelan people of German descent
3141:Venezuelan people of French descent
3106:Assassinated Venezuelan politicians
1279:Monroy, Ramón Rocha (5 June 2009).
1190:. Washington, D.C.: Byron S. Adams.
1037:Murder of Antonio José de Sucre by
1207:Salamé Ruiz, Gil Ricardo (Autor).
1094:According to the 19 December 1830
984:Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
617:Born to an aristocratic family in
328:Portrait by Arturo Michelena, 1895
14:
3186:Assassinated Bolivian politicians
3176:Venezuelan independence activists
3156:Venezuelan people murdered abroad
3151:Viceroyalty of New Granada people
1017:and the rest of Ecuador to Peru.
895:Role in the foundation of Bolivia
41:This article has multiple issues.
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1268:: Editorial Gisbert. p. 24.
931:, 13 from Cochabamba and 2 from
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1209:Sucre: algo más que un guerrero
1186:Sherwell, Guillermo A. (1924).
1163:in Colombia is named after him.
186:needs additional citations for
49:or discuss these issues on the
805:by the Colombian legislature.
563:Antonio José de Sucre y Alcalá
458:, Spanish Empire (now Cumaná,
456:Captaincy General of Venezuela
439:Antonio José de Sucre y Alcalá
385:Supreme Military Chief of Peru
145:You may also add the template
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3111:Deaths by firearm in Colombia
2051:José María Pérez de Urdininea
1383:José María Pérez de Urdininea
980:Viceroyalty of Peru
846:under the command of colonel
697:, which includes present-day
375:José María Pérez de Urdininea
1068:Francisco de Paula Santander
922:Bolivian War of Independence
297:, the first or paternal
3166:People murdered in Colombia
1309:Simón Bolívar : a life
649:. Afterwards he moved into
158:Knowledge (XXG):Translation
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3161:Venezuelan revolutionaries
1193:Biography, 236pp., online.
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774:. On 9 December 1824, the
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109:Machine translation, like
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1281:"Ultimas cartas de Sucre"
1197:Higgins, James (editor).
904:Bolivian Independence Act
747:would eventually emerge.
625:forces to triumph at the
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539:Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho
501:Assassination by gunshots
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2984:Eduardo Rodríguez Veltzé
2503:José Luis Tejada Sorzano
1111:Sucre is buried in the
995:Armed Forces of Bolivia
876:Santa Cruz de la Sierra
736:Real Audiencia de Quito
685:and Captain General of
530:Teresa Sucre y Carcelén
210:"Antonio José de Sucre"
156:For more guidance, see
2165:José Miguel de Velasco
2108:José Miguel de Velasco
2082:José Miguel de Velasco
2060:José Miguel de Velasco
1523:Gutiérrez de la Fuente
1414:José Bernardo de Tagle
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659:Gran Colombia–Peru War
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420:José Bernardo de Tagle
408:José de la Riva Agüero
3121:Presidents of Bolivia
2893:Víctor Paz Estenssoro
2737:Alfredo Ovando Candía
2698:Alfredo Ovando Candía
2672:Víctor Paz Estenssoro
2646:Víctor Paz Estenssoro
2620:Mamerto Urriolagoitía
2477:Carlos Blanco Galindo
2451:Felipe Segundo Guzmán
2425:José Gutiérrez Guerra
2130:Mariano Enrique Calvo
2042:Antonio José de Sucre
2014:Presidents of Bolivia
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1085:
1036:
902:
836:Pedro Antonio Olañeta
813:Surrender at Ayacucho
811:
753:
316:Antonio José de Sucre
129:copyright attribution
2828:Lidia Gueiler Tejada
2568:Gualberto Villarroel
2464:Hernando Siles Reyes
2178:Manuel Isidoro Belzu
2095:Andrés de Santa Cruz
1373:President of Bolivia
1306:Lynch, John (2006).
1150:was named after him.
1078:Burial and aftermath
951:President of Bolivia
770:Fort in the port of
741:Presidencia de Quito
633:, from which modern
600:president of Bolivia
340:President of Bolivia
195:improve this article
19:For other uses, see
3136:Venezuelan soldiers
3131:Venezuelan generals
1853:Bustamante y Rivero
1513:Salazar y Baquíjano
1347:Historic document:
1123:", where his wife,
909:Casa de la Libertad
878:on 14 February, as
745:Republic of Ecuador
711:Battle of Pichincha
683:Cartagena de Indias
627:Battle of Pichincha
3126:Presidents of Peru
3101:People from Cumaná
2880:Hernán Siles Zuazo
2659:Hernán Siles Zuazo
2542:Carlos Quintanilla
2217:José María de Achá
2204:José María Linares
1358:Political offices
1144:
1113:Cathedral of Quito
1100:Gaceta de Colombia
1096:Gaceta de Colombia
1088:
1043:
955:Manuel Martín Cruz
918:
821:
776:Battle of Ayacucho
756:
643:Battle of Ayacucho
511:Cathedral of Quito
137:interlanguage link
3078:
3077:
3046:
3045:
2555:Enrique Peñaranda
2438:Bautista Saavedra
2399:Eliodoro Villazón
2373:José Manuel Pando
2230:Mariano Melgarejo
2073:Pedro Blanco Soto
1980:
1979:
1498:Bernardo de Tagle
1483:Bernardo de Tagle
1420:
1419:
1411:Succeeded by
1404:President of Peru
1388:
1380:Succeeded by
1319:978-0-300-13770-5
1056:José María Obando
1021:Post-independence
885:Battle of Tumusla
848:José María Valdez
834:Royalist general
758:As of late 1824,
715:Pichincha volcano
560:
559:
289:
288:
281:
271:
270:
263:
245:
169:
168:
98:
94:
64:
3208:
3171:Marshals of Peru
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3058:
3057:
3041:
3021:
3008:
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2982:
2969:
2956:
2943:
2930:
2917:
2906:Jaime Paz Zamora
2904:
2891:
2878:
2865:
2852:
2841:Luis García Meza
2839:
2826:
2813:
2800:
2787:
2774:
2761:
2750:Juan José Torres
2748:
2735:
2722:
2709:
2696:
2683:
2670:
2657:
2644:
2631:
2618:
2605:
2592:
2579:
2566:
2553:
2540:
2527:
2514:
2501:
2490:Daniel Salamanca
2488:
2475:
2462:
2449:
2436:
2423:
2410:
2397:
2384:
2371:
2360:Severo Fernández
2358:
2347:Mariano Baptista
2345:
2332:
2321:Gregorio Pacheco
2319:
2306:
2293:
2280:
2269:Adolfo Ballivián
2267:
2254:
2241:
2228:
2215:
2202:
2189:
2176:
2163:
2152:Eusebio Guilarte
2150:
2137:
2128:
2121:Sebastián Ágreda
2119:
2106:
2093:
2080:
2071:
2058:
2049:
2040:
2031:
2022:
2007:
2000:
1993:
1984:
1975:
1898:Morales-Bermúdez
1743:Morales Bermúdez
1446:
1439:
1432:
1423:
1394:Preceded by
1386:
1377:1825–1828
1363:Preceded by
1355:
1346:
1332:
1331:
1303:
1297:
1296:
1294:
1292:
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1270:
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1235:
1231:
1191:
1161:Sucre Department
1102:, 4 July 1830):
1072:Cauca Department
1047:Juan José Flores
1039:Arturo Michelena
1007:Battle of Tarqui
1001:Battle of Tarqui
827:(known today as
817:Daniel Hernández
803:General in Chief
795:José de Canterac
791:José de la Serna
731:Melchor Aymerich
597:
581:
580:
579:
573:
568:
552:
473:
448:
446:
430:Personal details
416:
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115:Google Translate
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2837:
2824:
2815:Alberto Natusch
2811:
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2785:
2772:
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2746:
2733:
2720:
2711:René Barrientos
2707:
2694:
2685:René Barrientos
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2607:Enrique Hertzog
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2308:Narciso Campero
2304:
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2243:Agustín Morales
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2056:
2047:
2038:
2029:
2016:
2011:
1981:
1976:
1967:
1873:Prado Ugarteche
1848:Prado Ugarteche
1803:Pardo y Barreda
1783:Pardo y Barreda
1713:García Calderón
1688:F. Diez Canseco
1673:P. Diez Canseco
1663:P. Diez Canseco
1643:P. Diez Canseco
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1287:on 13 July 2013
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1182:
1180:Further reading
1148:Quito's airport
1133:
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897:
721:in what is now
707:
705:Military career
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2139:José Ballivián
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1264:(in Spanish).
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1011:José de La Mar
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629:and liberated
612:Spanish Empire
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535:Honorary title
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3201:Sucre family
3027:2020–present
3010:Jeanine Áñez
2529:Germán Busch
2334:Aniceto Arce
2041:
1793:Billinghurst
1533:Luna Pizarro
1492:
1473:Luna Pizarro
1402:
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1345:(in Spanish)
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1289:. Retrieved
1285:the original
1274:
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1256:Mesa, Carlos
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193:Please help
188:verification
185:
133:edit summary
124:
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43:Please help
40:
21:Antonio José
3096:1830 deaths
3091:1795 births
2997:Evo Morales
2971:Carlos Mesa
2932:Hugo Banzer
2776:Juan Pereda
2763:Hugo Banzer
2594:Tomás Monje
2282:Tomás Frías
2256:Tomás Frías
2075:(1828–1829)
2044:(1825–1828)
1878:Pérez Godoy
1823:Elías Arias
1778:S. Calderón
1488:Riva Agüero
1167:Sucre State
872:Vallegrande
768:Real Felipe
766:as well as
699:Sucre State
482:New Granada
470:4 June 1830
403:Preceded by
358:Preceded by
3085:Categories
2516:David Toro
1553:Santa Cruz
1508:Santa Cruz
1468:San Martín
1453:Presidents
1216:References
1139:Statue in
933:Santa Cruz
920:See also:
867:Cochabamba
856:Chuquisaca
838:stayed in
825:Upper Peru
651:Upper Peru
445:1795-02-03
221:newspapers
88:in Spanish
46:improve it
3023:Luis Arce
3014:2019–2020
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2099:1829–1839
1938:Kuczynski
1843:Benavides
1798:Benavides
1683:Gutiérrez
1633:San Román
1623:Echenique
1608:Figuerola
1578:Figuerola
1548:Salaverry
1328:213331197
1242:Citations
1234:Congress.
1015:Guayaquil
889:Chequelte
852:Cotagaita
760:Royalists
679:Catalonia
663:Berruecos
610:from the
545:Signature
460:Venezuela
393:In office
348:In office
151:talk page
52:talk page
3060:Category
1963:Boluarte
1958:Castillo
1943:Vizcarra
1918:Paniagua
1913:Fujimori
1728:Iglesias
1693:Zevallos
1638:Castilla
1628:Castilla
1618:Castilla
1613:Menéndez
1603:Menéndez
1593:Castilla
1563:Menéndez
1543:Bermúdez
1538:Orbegoso
1258:(2003).
1201:, 2014.
880:Chayanta
675:Flanders
639:Royalist
594:Ayacucho
527:Children
490:Colombia
486:Arboleda
476:Outside
378:(acting)
293:In this
127:provide
1953:Sagasti
1893:Velasco
1883:Lindley
1863:Noriega
1828:Jiménez
1773:Candamo
1763:Piérola
1758:Candamo
1753:Cáceres
1748:Borgoño
1738:Cáceres
1723:Cáceres
1718:Montero
1708:Piérola
1583:Vivanco
1568:Torrico
1558:Gamarra
1528:Gamarra
1503:Bolívar
1387:Interim
1291:27 July
1203:Online.
1117:Ecuador
1005:In the
963:Bolivia
959:Romulus
860:Vitichi
829:Bolivia
801:and as
799:Marshal
788:Viceroy
723:Ecuador
717:, near
635:Ecuador
623:Patriot
590:Marshal
588:"Grand
299:surname
235:scholar
149:to the
131:in the
90:.
2132:(1841)
2123:(1841)
2053:(1828)
2035:(1825)
1948:Merino
1933:Humala
1928:García
1923:Toledo
1908:García
1808:Leguía
1788:Leguía
1768:Romaña
1733:Arenas
1518:La Mar
1478:La Mar
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1266:La Paz
1141:Bogotá
1131:Legacy
929:La Paz
840:Potosí
780:Quinua
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691:Cumaná
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619:Cumaná
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452:Cumaná
307:Alcalá
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1698:Pardo
1678:Balta
1668:Prado
1658:Pezet
1653:Prado
1648:Pezet
1598:Elías
1588:Nieto
1573:Vidal
1493:Sucre
1408:1823
1221:Notes
1173:Sucre
1121:Quito
1029:Death
988:Oruro
914:Sucre
739:, or
719:Quito
631:Quito
484:(now
478:Pasto
303:Sucre
242:JSTOR
228:books
111:DeepL
3070:List
2871:1982
2819:1979
2806:1979
2780:1978
2728:1969
2702:1966
2585:1946
2169:1848
2086:1829
2064:1828
1457:Peru
1324:OCLC
1314:ISBN
1293:2013
1153:The
844:Puno
764:Peru
687:Cuba
647:Peru
467:Died
435:Born
338:2nd
214:news
125:must
123:You
104:View
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