910:
368:, but in Capitalism. As a form of economic organization, imperialism is unnecessary and immoral, the result of the mis-distribution of wealth in a capitalist society. That created an irresistible desire to extend the national markets into foreign lands, in search of profits greater than those available in the Mother Country. In the capitalist economy, rich capitalists received a disproportionately higher income than did the working class. If the owners invested their incomes to their factories, the greatly increased productive capacity would exceed the growth in demand for the products and services of said factories. Lenin adopted Hobson's ideas to argue that capitalism was doomed and would eventually be replaced by socialism, the sooner the better.
1343:"the basic quality of imperialism is the dominance of one particular nation or country... Thus, the doors of imperialism remain closed to people of other nationalities and for this reason, they can play no major role in running its affairs. This gives rise to the development of other faults in the system and characters of the subject nation. They develop a weakness of character, lose self-esteem and the sense of righteousness. Even if the ruling nation does not treat the subjects with outright cruelty and arrogance, their (the subject nation’s) character sinks to such a low ebb of ignobility that they become quite incapable of striving for attaining and maintaining self-rule for a very long time."
55:
1293:
31:
1603:
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liberty and the pursuit of happiness. We maintain that governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed. We insist that the subjugation of any people is "criminal aggression" and open disloyalty to the distinctive principles of our
Government... We cordially invite the cooperation of all men and women who remain loyal to the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States.
581:
380:
French
Anglophobes and Marxists; they colored the thoughts of American liberals and isolationist critics of colonialism. In days to come they were to contribute to American distrust of Western Europe and of the British Empire. Hobson helped make the British averse to the exercise of colonial rule; he provided indigenous nationalists in Asia and Africa with the ammunition to resist rule from Europe.
1103:
486:
colored the thoughts of
American liberals and isolationist critics of colonialism. In days to come they were to contribute to American distrust of Western Europe and of the British Empire. Hobson helped make the British averse to the exercise of colonial rule; he provided indigenous nationalists in Asia and Africa with the ammunition to resist rule from Europe.
830:
569:
1576:, Negri and Hardt argue that imperialism is no longer the practice or domain of any one nation or state. Rather, they claim, the "Empire" is a conglomeration of all states, nations, corporations, media, popular and intellectual culture and so forth; and thus, traditional anti-imperialist methods and strategies can no longer be applied against them.
1441:'religious' or 'ideological' conflicts are outdated and are usually prosecuted by 'fanatics' and backward people. Unfortunately, some naïve and confused Muslims have fallen for this stratagem and persuaded themselves that the religious and ideological aspects of the conflict are no longer relevant. But in reality
304:. As the application of the term has expanded, its meaning has shifted along five distinct but often parallel axes: the moral, the economic, the systemic, the cultural and the temporal. Those changes reflect—among other shifts in sensibility—a growing unease with the fact of power, specifically Western power.
748:
imperialism is a world system, the last stage of capitalism—and it must be defeated in a world confrontation. The strategic end of this struggle should be the destruction of imperialism. Our share, the responsibility of the exploited and underdeveloped of the world, is to eliminate the foundations of
551:
Moderately active anti-imperial movements emerged in Canada and
Australia. The French Canadians were hostile to British expansion whilst in Australia, it was the Irish Catholics who were opposed. French Canadians argue that Canadian nationalism was the proper and true goal and it sometimes conflicted
379:
Hobson's ideas were not entirely original; however his hatred of moneyed men and monopolies, his loathing of secret compacts and public bluster, fused all existing indictments of imperialism into one coherent system....His ideas influenced German nationalist opponents of the
British Empire as well as
461:
We hold that the policy known as imperialism is hostile to liberty and tends toward militarism, an evil from which it has been our glory to be free. We regret that it has become necessary in the land of
Washington and Lincoln to reaffirm that all men, of whatever race or color, are entitled to life,
507:
in 1776, economists had been hostile to imperialism on the grounds that it is a violation of the principles of free trade; they never formed a popular movement. Indeed, imperialism seems to have been generally popular before the 1890s. The key impetus around 1900 came from strong public disapproval
466:
Fred
Harrington states that "the anti-imperialist's did not oppose expansion because of commercial, religious, constitutional, or humanitarian reasons but instead because they thought that an imperialist policy ran counter to the political doctrines of the Declaration of Independence, Washington's
1440:
on the other, remains in essence one of ideology, although over the years it has appeared in various guises and has grown more sophisticated and, at times, more insidious. We have seen the original ideological conflict succeeded by economic, political and military confrontation, on the basis that
1242:
against the imperialist forces to regain their spiritual, cultural, economic and military sovereignty and self-sufficiency. Sayyid Qutb, an
Egyptian scholar influenced by both Mawdudi and Rashid Rida, took their ideas to its logical culmination; proclaiming the necessity of a permanent, un-ending
490:
The
American rejection of the League of Nations in 1919 was accompanied with a sharp American reaction against European imperialism. American textbooks denounced imperialism as a major cause of the World War. The uglier aspects of British colonial rule were emphasized, recalling the long-standing
299:
added a more theoretical macroeconomic connotation to the term. Many theoreticians on the left have followed either or both in emphasizing the structural or systemic character of "imperialism". Such writers have expanded the time period associated with the term so that it now designates neither a
485:
Hobson's ...hatred of moneyed men and monopolies, his loathing of secret compacts and public bluster, fused all existing indictments of imperialism into one coherent system....His ideas influenced German nationalist opponents of the
British Empire as well as French Anglophobes and Marxists; they
384:
On the positive side, Hobson argued that domestic social reforms could cure the international disease of imperialism by removing its economic foundation. Hobson theorized that state intervention through taxation could boost broader consumption, create wealth and encourage a peaceful multilateral
845:
The nations which were part of the Soviet sphere of influence were nominally independent countries with separate governments that set their own policies, but those policies had to stay within certain limits decided by the Soviet Union. These limits were enforced by the threat of intervention by
555:
Protestant Canadians, typically of British descent, generally supported British imperialism enthusiastically. They sent thousands of volunteers to fight alongside British and imperial forces against the Boers and in the process identified themselves even more strongly with the British Empire. A
732:
nation, a socialist people with tendencies to imperialism, an important aspect of Maoist analysis of the history of the Soviet Union. Contemporarily, the term "anti-imperialism" is most commonly applied by Marxist-Leninists, and political organisations of like ideological persuasion who oppose
638:
of a country, rather than the military and the political dominance of a people, their country and its natural resources. Hence, the primary purpose of imperialism is economic exploitation, rather than mere control of either a country or of a region. The Marxist and the Leninist denotation thus
877:
The Soviet Union exhibited tendencies common to historic empires. The notion of "Soviet empire" often refers to a form of "classic" or "colonial" empire with communism only replacing conventional imperial ideologies such as Christianity or monarchy, rather than creating a revolutionary state.
1457:
and the Muslim community, first and foremost, on ideological grounds... The confrontation is not over control of territory or economic resources, or for military domination. If we believe that, we would play into our enemies’ hands and would have no one but ourselves to blame for the
540:, a Liberal, took many of his ideas from their writings. After the Boer war, opponents of imperialism turned their attention to the British crown colonies in Africa and Asia. By the 1920s, the government was sponsoring large-scale exhibits promoting imperialism, notably the 1924
560:. In Canada, the Irish Catholics were fighting the French Canadians for control of the Catholic Church, so the Irish generally supported the pro-British position. Anti-imperialism also grew rapidly in India and formed a core element of the demand by Congress for independence.
614:
finance capital becomes the dominant application of capital. As such, said financial and economic circumstances impelled national governments and private business corporations to worldwide competition for control of natural resources and human labour by means of
1363:
749:
imperialism: our oppressed nations, from where they extract capitals, raw materials, technicians, and cheap labor, and to which they export new capitals—instruments of domination—arms and all kinds of articles; thus submerging us in an absolute dependence.
2953:
Motadel, David (2014). "Introduction, Chapters 7: Islam and Resistance in the British Empire, 8: Religious Revolts in Colonial North Africa, 9: Muslim Mobilization in Imperial Russia's Caucasus, 10: Islamic Resistance in the Dutch Colonial Empire".
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revolutionary organisations who fought for national independence. This was accomplished through the export of both financial capital and Soviet military apparatuses, with the Soviet Union sending military advisors to
886:
but it has been reinforced, along with several other views, in continuing scholarship. Several scholars hold that the Soviet Union was a hybrid entity containing elements common to both multinational empires and
432:
was founded on June 15, 1898, in Boston in opposition of the acquisition of the Philippines, which would happen anyway. The anti-imperialists opposed the expansion because they believed imperialism violated the
385:
world order. Conversely, should the state not intervene, rentiers (people who earn income from property or securities) would generate socially negative wealth that fostered imperialism and protectionism.
723:
as well as many other Marxist organizations, have characterized Soviet foreign policy as imperialism and cited it as evidence that the philosophy of Marxism would not resolve and eliminate imperialism.
291:. For some, imperialism designated a policy of idealism and philanthropy; others alleged that it was characterized by political self-interest; and a growing number associated it with capitalist greed.
397:
and the United States control of the Philippines after 1898. However, it reached its highest level of popular support in the colonies themselves, where it formed the basis for a wide variety of
667:, with the industrial capitalists increasingly reliant on capital provided by monopolistic financial institutions. "Again and again, the final word in the development of banking is monopoly".
4507:
1512:'s government." (100년 전 대한독립의 정신으로 아베 정부 경제침략을 이겨내자.) South Korean liberals, unlike protectionist anti-imperialists, believing that the Japanese government's actions that undermined the "
536:. Much of the opposition in Britain came from the Liberal Party. Intellectuals and activists Britain based in the socialist, labour and Fabian movements generally oppose imperialism and
4556:
2797:
3702:
3152:
4566:
3959:
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339:(1914–1918), yet their combined work informed the study of the impact of imperialism upon Europe and contributed to the political and ideologic reflections on the rise of the
4395:
3600:
1482:
There have also been many examples of liberal anti-imperialism. However, liberal anti-imperialists are distinct from socialist anti-imperialists because they do not support
909:
4481:
193:
1339:. He argued that oppressive rulers justify imperialism in the name of progress and socio-political reforms. Describing the main features of imperialism, Mawdudi wrote:
524:
was modest when the war began and was generally less widespread than support for it. However, influential groups formed immediately against the war, including the
3175:
597:
481:
Historians Peter Duignan and Lewis H. Gann argue that Hobson had an enormous influence in the early 20th century that caused widespread distrust of imperialism:
4410:
393:
As a self-conscious political movement, anti-imperialism originated in Europe in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in opposition to the growing European
283:
In the late 1870s, the term "imperialism" was introduced to the English language by opponents of the aggressively imperial policies of British Prime Minister
4614:
4588:
652:
130:
639:
differs from the usual political science denotation of imperialism as the direct control (intervention, occupation and rule) characteristic of colonial and
1046:
1858:
4546:
1524:. (South Korean liberals argue that the Japanese government caused unfair damage to the South Korean economy to avoid compensation for Korean victims of
3223:
688:
to anti-imperialism—that is, to progress from the opposition of war, in general, to the condemnation of the capitalist economic system, in particular.
4551:
4363:
4512:
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1232:. Mawdudi held the belief that West was in decline and that restoration of Islamic prowess was inevitable. Openly equating Western colonialism with
4654:
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to defend the Islamic World from encroaching colonialism, complemented by a political programme to establish Islamic states which would implement
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1963:
1938:
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policy, nor a short space of decades in the late 19th century, but a global system extending over a period of centuries, often going back to
3741:
2411:
Mark G. McGowan, "The De-Greening of the Irish: Toronto’s Irish‑Catholic Press, Imperialism, and the Forging of a New Identity, 1887–1914."
4708:
4634:
4487:
4439:
3144:
1646:
525:
3120:
1517:
2115:
588:, imperialism was a capitalistic geopolitical system of control and repression which must be understood as such in order to be defeated.
271:
forces engaged in persecution and oppression of Muslim communities domestically and abroad, in addition to the U.S. and its allies like
2471:
552:
with loyalty to the British Empire. Many French Canadians claimed that they would fight for Canada but would not fight for the Empire.
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434:
2548:
2492:
4492:
4156:
3814:
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3206:
3056:"Anti-colonial connectivity between Islamicate movements in the Middle East and South Asia: the Muslim Brotherhood and Jamati Islam"
2272:
2109:
1776:
1314:
1092:
521:
2006:
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as political movements in colonies of European powers promoted national sovereignty. Some anti-imperialist groups who opposed the
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1688:
429:
419:
2204:
340:
3944:
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said at a press conference, "In the spirit of Great Korean Independence 100 years ago, let's overcome the economic invasion of
428:
in 1898. Most activists supported the war itself, but opposed the annexation of new territory, especially the Philippines. The
4519:
3859:
3809:
1504:" is related to anti-imperialist sentiment in South Korea. On August 14, 2019, seven politicians of the DPK's descendants of
788:
would remain large, reducing the percentage of unemployed compared to the 1930s. He extended this analysis in 1950 and 1951.
2278:
1318:
4659:
4534:
1782:
1572:
398:
3677:
Wang, Jianwei. "The Chinese interpretation of the concept of imperialism in the anti-imperialist context of the 1920s.,"
2298:
Robert Livingston Schuyler, "The rise of anti-imperialism in England." Political science quarterly 37.3 (1922): 440–471.
4265:
4186:
4166:
3949:
3869:
3854:
3819:
2346:
Sarah Britton, "‘Come and See the Empire by the All Red Route!’: Anti-Imperialism and Exhibitions in Interwar Britain."
1505:
855:
851:
792:
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676:
The political division of the world into colonies by the great powers, in which the great powers monopolise investment.
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1715:
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Concentration of production and capital leading to the dominance of national and multinational monopolies and cartels.
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argue that Hobson had an enormous influence in the early 20th century that caused widespread distrust of imperialism:
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during the mid-20th century and later. These movements, and their anti-imperialist ideas, were instrumental in the
371:
Hobson was also influential in liberal circles, especially the British Liberal Party. Historians Peter Duignan and
97:
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3550:
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process of the 1950s and 1960s, which saw most European colonies in Asia and Africa achieving their independence.
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541:
425:
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Friedman, Jeremy, and Peter Rutland. "Anti-imperialism: The Leninist Legacy and the Fate of World Revolution."
1710:
1257:(Islamic monotheism). These ideas gained prominence and arose in influence across the Islamic World during the
545:
1292:
4121:
1335:", South Asian revolutionary Islamist scholar Abul A'la Mawdudi made a comprehensive religious refutation of
4445:
4131:
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and anti-imperial Islamic resistance movements across various parts of the Muslim World. These included the
785:
644:
438:
197:
81:
67:
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represented themselves as the foremost enemy of imperialism and thus politically and financially supported
360:
strongly influenced the anti-imperialism of both Marxists and liberals, worldwide through his 1902 book on
4422:
4416:
4245:
4146:
3829:
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1631:
1621:
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1190:. This encompassed a theological assault on Western ideological currents emanating from the principles of
1042:
773:
635:
533:
3696:
863:
441:". Appalled by American imperialism, the Anti-Imperialist League, which included famous citizens such as
4390:
4240:
4005:
3703:
CWIHP at the Wilson Center for Scholars: Primary Document Collection on Anti-Imperialism in the Cold War
3422:(2nd ed. 2001), 739pp, detailed economic history that presents the new "gentlemanly capitalists" thesis
2148:
G.K. Peatling, "Globalism, Hegemonism and British Power: J. A. Hobson and Alfred Zimmern Reconsidered",
2068:
G.K. Peatling, “Globalism, Hegemonism and British Power: J. A. Hobson and Alfred Zimmern Reconsidered”,
1700:
1626:
930:
221:
35:
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launched a ten-day nationwide campaign titled Anti-Imperialism Campaign in December 2009. Contemporary
2135:
P. J. Cain, "Capitalism, Aristocracy and Empire: Some 'Classical' Theories of Imperialism Revisited",
4260:
4171:
1584:
1521:
1426:
Never will the Jews be pleased with you, (O Prophet), nor the Christians until you follow their way..
1417:
Western regimes were a continuation of their historical "Crusading Spirit". In his commentary of the
1379:
1348:
1221:
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1180:(Islamic laws). He extended this anti-imperialist campaign to the theological level through the Arab
1109:
1029:
804:
631:
529:
475:
352:
301:
240:
161:
47:
3119:(in Urdu). Translated by Rafatullah Shah, Syed. Lahore: Syed Khalid Farooq Maududi. pp. 63–65.
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54:
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1390:, influenced by Sayyid Qutb's thought, declares itself as a "global revolutionary vanguard" waging
1034:
1016:
960:
913:
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Another Face of Empire: Bartolomé de Las Casas, Indigenous Rights, and Ecclesiastical Imperialism
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1353:
1330:
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Generally, the relationship among Marxist-Leninists and radical, left-wing organisations who are
664:
500:
288:
252:
153:
125:
1168:(1865 CE/1282 AH–1935 CE/1354 AH), a Salafi theologian greatly influenced by preceding militant
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2268:
2264:
The Impact of the war on America: six lectures by members of the faculty of Cornell university
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1996:
1959:
1934:
1909:
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917:
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627:
328:
284:
77:
63:
3721:
2467:
2099:
1954:
M. Landau ·, Jacob (2015). "III: Pan-Islam clashes with the Russian and Soviet authorities".
656:(1917), Lenin outlined the five features of capitalist development that lead to imperialism:
134:. People who categorize themselves as anti-imperialists often state that they are opposed to
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4373:
4328:
4206:
3983:
3919:
3899:
3894:
3839:
3347:
3272:
3077:
3067:
2857:
2703:
2651:
2607:
Humanities Press 1994, p. xv, 218; Paul Hampton, "Trotskyism after Trotsky? C'est moi!", in
2578:
1988:
1764:
1641:
1616:
980:
324:
319:
have been discussed and analysed by theoreticians, historians, political scientists such as
232:
3246:
2387:
War with a Silver Lining: Canadian Protestant Churches and the South African War, 1899–1902
220:
authorities regularly employed the charge of pan-Islamism to target Islamic dissidents for
3909:
3709:
3622:
3604:
3579:
3554:
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1720:
1608:
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1199:
1181:
1169:
1157:
1062:
1058:
1038:
871:
800:
580:
509:
442:
30:
3384:
Colonial Metropolis: The Urban Grounds of Anti-Imperialism and Feminism in Interwar Paris
1243:
Islamist revolution not only against the imperialists but also its allied regimes in the
556:
little opposition also came from some English immigrants such as the intellectual leader
424:
An early use of the term "anti-imperialist" occurred after the United States entered the
1904:
Kapila, Shruti (2021). "2: Ghadar! Violence and the Political Potential of the Planet".
670:
The export of the aforementioned finance capital is emphasized over the export of goods.
4624:
4458:
4277:
4040:
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3914:
3904:
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In the Belly of the Beast: Challenging US Imperialism and the Politics of the Offensive
3731:
3463:
Empire: The Rise and Demise of the British World Order and the Lessons for Global Power
1981:
1537:
1270:
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movements, was an ardent opponent of European imperial powers; and he called for armed
1129:
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1004:
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838:
820:
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607:
573:
537:
471:
402:
357:
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296:
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268:
225:
113:
89:
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defined imperialism as "the highest stage of capitalism", the economic stage in which
4692:
4405:
4343:
4323:
4250:
4225:
4030:
3515:
Harrington, Fred H. "The Anti-Imperialist Movement in the United States, 1898–1900",
3091:
2911:"Soviet Colonialism in the Baltic States: A Note on the Nature of Modern Colonialism"
2869:
2671:
2236:
Response to Imperialism: The United States and the Philippine-American War, 1899–1902
2200:
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934:
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372:
332:
150:
117:
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3537:
Gandhi & Churchill: The Epic Rivalry that Destroyed an Empire and Forged Our Age
2932:
2846:""Colonizers with Party Cards" Soviet Internal Colonialism in Central Asia, 1917–39"
2359:
C. N. Connolly, "Class, birthplace, loyalty: Australian attitudes to the Boer War."
1269:
intellectuals from the Muslim Brotherhood and Jamaat-e Islami also launched fervent
4358:
4196:
4050:
3988:
3954:
3924:
2101:
Burden of Empire: An Appraisal of Western Colonialism in Africa South of the Sahara
1300:
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Empire's Twin: U.S. anti-imperialism from the founding era to the age of terrorism
3351:
3072:
3055:
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1362:
1208:
After Rashid Rida, the mantle of Islamist anti-imperialism was spearheaded by the
1102:
1095:
and heterodox local practices and folk rituals, etc. were key objectives of these
891:. The Soviet Union practiced colonialism similar to conventional imperial powers.
108:. Anti-imperialism can also arise from a specific economic theory, such as in the
2730:
2322:
2262:
1842:
1804:
1370:, the imperialism of secular Western powers was a by-product of their historical
499:
Anti-imperialism within Britain emerged in the 1890s, especially from within the
4368:
4105:
4070:
4035:
4015:
3929:
3335:
3029:
Milton-Edwards, Beverley (2014). "1: A diverse tradition from past to present".
2605:
Max Schachtman and his Left. A Socialist Odyssey through the 'American Century',
1656:
1636:
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1410:
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847:
781:
741:
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548:. Some intellectuals used the opportunity to criticise imperialism as a policy.
470:
An important influence on American intellectuals was the work of British writer
446:
394:
365:
336:
335:. Those intellectuals produced much of their works about imperialism before the
316:
312:
287:(1874–1880). It was shortly appropriated by supporters of "imperialism" such as
205:
185:
173:
169:
143:
135:
105:
85:
17:
3004:
Chatterjee, Choi (2018). "10: Islamic Fundamentalism in Critical Perspective".
2335:
Critics of Empire: British Radical Attitudes to Colonialism in Africa 1895–1914
1758:
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by an ideological vanguard committed to establish the Islamic state and uphold
780:. He argued at the time that the United States would retain the character of a
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4090:
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Russian Imperialism Revisited: Neo-Empire, State Interests and Hegemonic Power
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1309:
1217:
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972:
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513:
504:
454:
308:
128:, eventually leading to imperialism), which is derived from Lenin's 1917 work
101:
2928:
2590:
2083:
Towards a new liberal internationalism: the international theory of JA Hobson
1881:
The Islamic Movement in Egypt: Perceptions of International Relations 1967–81
92:. Anti-imperialist sentiment typically manifests as a political principle in
4338:
3824:
2958:. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. pp. 15–42, 201–300.
2764:
2756:
1841:
Roy, Olivier (2007). "3: Reform Movements among the Muslims of the Empire".
1570:
assert that traditional anti-imperialism is no longer relevant. In the book
1450:
1406:
1274:
1225:
988:
956:
777:
720:
593:
213:
189:
146:
and the territorial expansion of a country beyond its established borders.
50:. Written in Spanish "Out with imperialism, only the people save the people"
43:
1583:
political scientist Maria Mälksoo argues that "one of many blind spots" in
1247:. This revolution against the apostate regimes has to be waged as an armed
168:
during the 19th and 20th centuries. Its most influential ideologue was the
2861:
2845:
1992:
27:
Political stance in opposition to interventionist or expansionist policies
4427:
4080:
3718:, multimedia collection of photographs, video, oral histories and essays.
3642:
Proudman, Mark F.. "Words for Scholars: The Semantics of 'Imperialism'".
3639:(4th ed. 2012), Wide-ranging general history; strong on anti-imperialism.
2915:
2732:
Struggle Over Identity: The Official and the Alternative "Belarusianness"
1387:
1383:
1371:
1296:
1282:
1266:
1262:
1161:
1141:
996:
992:
904:
701:
685:
681:
623:
611:
256:
236:
139:
109:
3715:
2715:
2188:
Expansionists of 1898: The Acquisition of Hawaii and the Spanish Islands
2042:
Mark F. Proudman, "Words for Scholars: The Semantics of 'Imperialism'".
1929:
Calvin Ricklefs, Merle (2007). "8: Polarities Politicised, c. 1908-30".
884:
The Formation of the Soviet Union: Communism and Nationalism, 1917–1923,
829:
663:
Industrial capital as the dominant form of capital has been replaced by
3615:
3572:
3547:
3520:
3466:
3441:
3423:
3405:
3082:
2663:
2299:
1580:
1442:
1421:
1395:
1278:
1233:
967:(1763–1864 CE). Prominent leaders in this resistance campaign included
833:
Depiction of the first shoot-down of Soviet helicopter gunships by the
568:
177:
59:
39:
2821:
20th Century Baltic Drama: Postcolonial Narratives, Decolonial Options
2374:
Imperialism and Nationalism, 1884–1914: a conflict in Canadian thought
2031:
Imperialism: The Story and Significance of a Political Word, 1840–1960
1908:. Princeton, New Jersey, USA: Princeton University Press. p. 58.
1745:
Imperialism: The Story and Significance of a Political Word, 1840–1960
1184:
movement; which professed the key theme of returning to the values of
684:, often involves persuading such political activists to progress from
4348:
4298:
4045:
3975:
2707:
2642:
Beissinger, Mark R. (2006). "Soviet Empire as "Family Resemblance"".
1253:
1087:
1075:
705:
272:
260:
248:
121:
3612:
The British Left and India: Metropolitan Anti-Imperialism, 1885–1947
2655:
1931:
Polarising Javanese Society: Islamic and Other Visions, c. 1830–1930
3665:
Anti-Imperialism in the United States: The Great Debate, 1890—1920.
576:, imperialism was the highest, but degenerate, stage of capitalism.
4085:
3394:
3201:. Birmingham: Maktabah Booksellers and Publications. p. 177.
2249:
Anti-Imperialism in the United States: The Great Debate, 1890–1920
1497:
1493:
1454:
1437:
1418:
1361:
1238:
1101:
1096:
1081:
1066:
1024:
947:
908:
828:
709:
264:
209:
181:
53:
2567:"Edward L. Sard (1913–99), Theorist of the Permanent War Economy"
2055:
D. K. Fieldhouse, "Imperialism": An Historiographical Revision",
1879:
Mahmoud Abdelnasser, Walid (2011). "1: A Historical Background".
740:
About the nature of imperialism and how to oppose and defeat it,
2761:
Soviet Postcolonial Studies: A View from the Western Borderlands
2522:
Battling Western Imperialism: Mao, Stalin, and the United States
1106:
3754:
2790:"The Cotton Republic: Colonial Practices in Soviet Uzbekistan?"
1587:
linked to anti-imperialist movements is that they often ignore
841:, widely regarded as the turning point in the Soviet-Afghan War
772:
Ed Sard (alias Frank Demby, Walter S. Oakes and T.N. Vance), a
2983:. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. pp. 264–265.
1906:
Violent Fraternity: Indian Political Thought in the Global Age
3587:
The Palgrave encyclopedia of imperialism and anti-imperialism
1757:
Salvatore, Armando; Hanafi, Sari; Obuse, Kieko, eds. (2022).
3637:
The Lion's Share: A History of British Imperialism 1850–2011
1763:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 13, 860, 861.
807:
and colonial empires including Britain, France and Germany.
673:
The economic division of the world by multinational cartels.
2885:"It is Colonialism After All: Some Epistemological Remarks"
1140:
during the late 19th century; which gave birth to numerous
941:
The 18th and 19th centuries witnessed the rise of numerous
3722:
Imperialism: The Highest Stage of Capitalism by V.I. Lenin
3145:"Jamaat to launch nation-wide 'anti-imperialism' campaign"
596:
mentioned imperialism to be part of the prehistory of the
3436:
Castro, Daniel, Walter D.Mignolo, and Irene Silverblatt.
3336:"The Postcolonial Moment in Russia's War Against Ukraine"
164:
model and rose to prominence across various parts of the
3630:
Ending British Rule in Africa: Writers in a Common Cause
3033:(2nd ed.). New York, NY: Routledg. pp. 24–25.
2735:. Central European University Press. pp. 4, 41–50.
2694:
Caroe, O. (1953). "Soviet Colonialism in Central Asia".
987:, etc. Other major anti-imperial movements included the
3389:
Brendon, Piers. "A Moral Audit of the British Empire."
2319:
Imperial Sceptics: British Critics of Empire, 1850–1920
2201:"Platform of the American Antilmperialist League, 1899"
2175:
Twelve against Empire: The Anti-Imperialists, 1898–1900
1760:
The Oxford Handbook of the Sociology of the Middle East
2398:
R. Craig Brown, "Goldwin Smith and Anti-imperialism."
364:
He argued that the "taproot of imperialism" is not in
176:, a fierce opponent of Western ideas, who called upon
3716:
Pacific Northwest Antiwar and Radical History Project
3402:
The Decline and Fall of the British Empire, 1781–1997
2850:
Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History
2468:"Lenin: Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism"
1144:
organisations advocating anti-imperialism across the
467:
Farewell Address, and Lincoln's Gettysburg Address".
3393:, (Oct 2007), Vol. 57 Issue 10, pp 44–47, online at
2428:(1998), by Graham Evans and Jeffrey Newnham. p. 244.
4602:
4467:
4396:
Non Violent Resistance (psychological intervention)
4291:
4114:
3968:
3792:
3667:(1970) excerpts from primary and secondary sources.
1847:. New York: New York University Press. p. 39.
1136:These anti-colonial movements inspired the rise of
626:views of imperialism and related theories, such as
3960:Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
3728:How Imperialist 'Aid' Blocks Development in Africa
3649:Sagromoso, Domitilla, James Gow, and Rachel Kerr.
3176:"Al Qaeda and ISIS: From Revolution to Apocalypse"
2534:Marxist Theories of Imperialism: A Critical Survey
1980:
3456:Liberty and American Anti-Imperialism, 1898–1909.
2455:The Penguin Dictionary of International Relations
2442:The Penguin Dictionary of International Relations
2426:The Penguin Dictionary of International Relations
791:The concept has been a core tenet of the British
728:developed the theory that the Soviet Union was a
3519:, Vol. 22, No. 2 (Sep., 1935), pp. 211–230
1366:According to the Egyptian Jihadist theoretician
754:Che Guevara, Message to the Tricontinental, 1967
216:to compulsorily fight pan-Islamism. Since then,
2457:(1998) Graham Evans and Jeffrey Newnham, p. 79.
2444:(1998) Graham Evans and Jeffrey Newnham, p. 79.
1430:
1341:
878:Academically the idea is seen as emerging with
746:
483:
459:
377:
3697:A Web based guide to American Anti-Imperialism
3486:Griffiths, Martin, and Terry O'Callaghan, and
2622:"Tony Cliff: Permanent War Economy (May 1957)"
491:anti-British sentiments in the United States.
200:(1920), Lenin accused the anti-imperialism of
156:that advocated religious anti-imperialism was
124:to less developed nations in search of higher
4411:Refusal to serve in the Israel Defense Forces
3766:
3594:Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism
2689:
2687:
2637:
2635:
1844:The New Central Asia: The Creation of Nations
520:who had built new homelands in South Africa.
343:in the United States from the 1950s onwards.
8:
3510:(2001), influential statement from the left.
2493:"Weekly Worker 403 Thursday October 11 2001"
2413:Historical Papers/Communications historiques
2137:Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History
1987:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 40.
653:Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism
512:(1899–1902). The war was fought against the
231:The phrase gained a wide currency after the
131:Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism
3646:, September 2008, Vol. 8 Issue 3, p395-433.
3197:Qutb, Sayyid (2006). al-Mehri, A.B. (ed.).
2894:(1). Institute of Literary Research of the
1933:. Singapore: NUS Press. pp. 235, 236.
1516:principle" (자유무역 원칙 or 자유무역 철칙) during the
1398:from atrocities committed by the forces of
149:An influential movement independent of the
3773:
3759:
3751:
3370:Anti-Imperialism: A Guide for the Movement
2546:Che Guevara: Message to the Tricontinental
2152:, July 2004, Vol. 89 Issue 295, pp 381–398
2072:, July 2004, Vol. 89 Issue 295, pp. 381–98
2046:, September 2008, Vol. 8 Issue 3, p395-433
1958:. New York: Routledge. pp. 167, 168.
1236:, Mawdudi called upon Muslims to rally in
503:. For over a century, back to the days of
4364:Global Day of Action on Military Spending
3492:International Relations: The Key Concepts
3081:
3071:
2679:Kazakhstan: Ethnicity, Language and Power
2565:van der Linden, Marcel (2 January 2018).
2057:South African Journal of Economic History
1532:.) South Korean liberals also oppose the
1522:far-right imperialist 'economic invasion'
850:. Major military invasions took place in
508:with the British actions during with the
247:, while in some Marxist schools, such as
180:to rise up in armed resistance by waging
3008:. New York, NY: Routledge. p. 253.
2981:Cold Wars: Asia, the Middle East, Europe
2267:. Cornell University Press. p. 50.
2093:
2091:
2025:
2023:
1883:. New York: Routledge. pp. 31, 32.
1291:
1069:, etc. The establishment and defense of
579:
567:
29:
3562:The Rise and Fall of the British Empire
3241:
3239:
2436:
2434:
2139:, March 2007, Vol. 35 Issue 1, pp 25–47
1769:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190087470.001.0001
1736:
4096:Soviet influence on the peace movement
3301:"이재명 측 "한복 넘보는 중국 문화공정, 이대로 방치하지 않겠다""
3273:"독립운동가 후손 민주당 의원 7명 "아베는 새로운 한반도 장애물""
2059:, March 1992, Vol. 7 Issue 1, pp 45–72
1374:and driven by ideological differences.
1120:. His teachings inspired figures like
768:originated in 1945 with an article by
4283:World March for Peace and Nonviolence
2909:Vardys, Vytas Stanley (Summer 1964).
2788:Cucciolla, Riccardo (23 March 2019).
2098:Peter Duignan; Lewis H. Gann (2013).
7:
4440:Third Party Non-violent Intervention
3517:Mississippi Valley Historical Review
3247:"정부, '日경제보복' WTO 긴급 상정…"자유무역 원칙 위배""
3232:] (in Arabic). pp. 123–124.
3155:from the original on October 7, 2019
3054:K. Gani, Jasmine (21 October 2022).
2029:Richard Koebner and Helmut Schmidt,
1743:Richard Koebner and Helmut Schmidt,
1647:Historiography of the British Empire
1545:modern liberals in the United States
1273:campaigns, ideologically critiquing
584:To the Latin American revolutionary
526:South African Conciliation Committee
3585:Ness, Immanuel, and Zak Cope, eds.
3548:except and text search 2010 edition
3506:Hardt, Michael, and Antonio Negri.
3501:President McKinley, War, and Empire
3458:New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.
1453:, are conducting the fight against
799:, examining its application to the
4665:Peacebuilding in Jammu and Kashmir
4562:Anti-war protests in Russia (2014)
3850:Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp
3317:, Harvard University Press (2001)
2536:(1990), by Anthony Brewer. p. 293.
2524:(1997), by Michael M. Sheng. p.00.
2389:(McGill-Queen's Press-MQUP, 2009).
2207:from the original on 24 March 2013
1809:. New York: Routledge. p. 9.
457:, formed a platform which stated:
204:of favouring the interests of the
25:
4157:International Day of Non-Violence
3815:Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions
3679:Journal of Modern Chinese History
3670:Tyrell, Ian and Jay Sexton, eds.
3658:The Imperial Idea and its Enemies
3644:Journal of the Historical Society
3313:Antonio Negri and Michael Hardt,
3031:Islamic Fundamentalism Since 1945
3006:The 20th Century: A Retrospective
2856:(1). Slavica Publishers: 77–102.
2044:Journal of the Historical Society
522:Opposition to the Second Boer War
4567:2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
3222:Qutb, Sayyid (7 December 2016).
2823:. Aisthesis Verlag. p. 14.
2794:Central Eurasian Studies Society
2681:. Abingdon, New York: Routledge.
1689:Anti-Japanese sentiment in Korea
1601:
811:Opposition to Soviet imperialism
643:empires as used in the realm of
420:American Anti-Imperialist League
192:. Through his resolution in the
3940:Social Democratic Party (Japan)
3126:from the original on 2023-01-24
2729:Bekus, Nelly (1 January 2010).
2474:from the original on 2008-01-10
2281:from the original on 2023-02-05
2118:from the original on 2023-02-05
2009:from the original on 2023-01-04
1956:Pan-Islam: History and Politics
1861:from the original on 2023-02-05
1823:from the original on 2023-02-05
1806:Pan-Islam: History and Politics
1785:from the original on 2023-01-04
1684:Anti-Chinese sentiment in Korea
1534:appropriation of Korean culture
1518:Japan–South Korea trade dispute
1436:world on the one side, and the
1001:Dutch colonisation of Indonesia
112:interpretation of imperialism (
3860:List of pacifist organisations
3569:Islamic Imperialism: A History
3420:British Imperialism, 1688–2000
3418:Cain, P. J. and A.G. Hopkins.
2956:Islam and the European Empires
1413:, imperialist policies of the
1220:revolutionary Islamist leader
104:, as well as in opposition to
1:
3592:Olson, James S. et al., eds.
3494:. Second Edition. New Millan.
3352:10.1080/14623528.2022.2074947
3073:10.1080/13688790.2023.2127660
2583:10.1080/03017605.2017.1412629
2361:Australian Historical Studies
1983:The Future of Political Islam
1047:North-West Frontier Uprisings
864:Afghanistan from 1979 to 1989
846:Soviet forces, and later the
598:capitalist mode of production
572:To the Russian revolutionary
564:Leninism and Marxism–Leninism
399:national liberation movements
259:movements traditionally view
4266:World Peace Bell Association
4167:Dialogue Among Civilizations
3870:New Socialist Party of Japan
3855:Iraq War resisters in Canada
3820:Coalition of Women for Peace
3454:Cullinane, Michael Patrick.
3340:Journal of Genocide Research
2104:. Hoover Press. p. 59.
1041:military insurgency against
4709:History of social movements
4434:The whole world is watching
4202:Peace & Love (festival)
4152:Imagine Piano Peace Project
3663:Tompkins, E. Berkeley, ed.
3199:Milestones: Special Edition
2819:Kalnačs, Benedikts (2016).
2611:, vol 55, April 1999, p. 38
2261:Cornell University (1942).
2225:Harrington, 1935, pp 211–12
1716:National self-determination
1664:Internationalism (politics)
1210:Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood
1198:as well as denunciation of
437:, especially the need for "
341:military–industrial complex
243:supported the power of the
4725:
4557:2011 intervention in Libya
4177:List of places named Peace
4162:International Day of Peace
3880:Peace and conflict studies
3800:Anti-nuclear organizations
3724:Full text at marxists.org.
3230:In the Shade of the Qur'an
2896:Polish Academy of Sciences
2400:Canadian Historical Review
1979:E. Fuller, Graham (2003).
1696:League against Imperialism
1432:"The conflict between the
1303:, popularly known as the "
1112:was an ardent advocate of
898:
814:
417:
350:
4673:
4192:Nobel Peace Prize Concert
4187:Mother's Day Proclamation
4137:Dances of Universal Peace
3950:The Women's Peace Crusade
3174:Borowski, Audrey (2015).
2979:M. Lüthi, Lorenz (2020).
2844:Loring, Benjamin (2014).
1803:M. Landau, Jacob (2016).
776:who predicted a post-war
737:of society and the like.
691:In the 20th century, the
592:In the mid-19th century,
546:Glasgow Empire Exhibition
542:British Empire Exhibition
251:, this was criticized as
224:activities and fomenting
46:, specifically targeting
4453:Violence begets violence
4386:Non-aggression principle
4256:The Non-Violence Project
4236:Promoting Enduring Peace
4219:Promoting Enduring Peace
3875:Pacifist Socialist Party
3382:Boittin, Jennifer Anne.
2348:History Workshop Journal
1711:National liberation wars
1478:Liberal anti-imperialism
1428:}", Sayyid Qutb writes:
1222:Sayyid Abul A'la Maududi
895:Islamic anti-imperialism
307:The relationships among
235:and at the onset of the
4547:Military action in Iran
4182:Monuments and memorials
4132:Concert Yutel for Peace
3935:React, Include, Recycle
3865:List of peace activists
3830:Conscientious objectors
3616:excerpt and text search
3573:excerpt and text search
3467:excerpt and text search
3442:excerpt and text search
3424:excerpt and text search
3406:excerpt and text search
3334:Mälksoo, Maria (2023).
2234:Richard E. Welch, Jr.,
1079:(Islamic law) based on
837:using Western-supplied
793:Socialist Workers Party
786:US military expenditure
645:international relations
630:, address the economic
544:in London and the 1938
439:consent of the governed
430:Anti-Imperialist League
208:, feudal landlords and
160:; which challenged the
82:international relations
4468:Opposition to specific
4423:Swords to ploughshares
4417:Soldiers are murderers
3810:Anti-war organizations
3681:(2012) 6#2 pp 164–181.
2883:Thompson, Ewa (2014).
2363:18.71 (1978): 210–232.
2247:E. Berkeley Tompkins,
2203:. Fordham University.
1632:Anti-Western sentiment
1622:Anti-British sentiment
1506:independence activists
1475:
1409:Jihadist theoretician
1375:
1360:
1326:
1228:Jihadist theoretician
1133:
981:Hajji Qerandiqo Berzeg
957:Circassian Confederacy
938:
925:defend the village of
860:Czechoslovakia in 1968
842:
757:
733:capitalism, present a
589:
577:
534:Stop the War Committee
488:
464:
435:credo of republicanism
382:
162:Western civilisational
70:
51:
4470:wars or their aspects
4391:Nonviolent resistance
4241:Show of Peace Concert
4006:Anti-nuclear movement
3693:The Anti-Imperialists
3589:(2 vol. 2016). 1456pp
3483:76.3 (2017): 591–599.
3151:. December 10, 2009.
3060:Post Colonial Studies
2862:10.1353/kri.2014.0012
2677:Dave, Bhavna (2007).
2415:24.1 (1989): 118–145.
1993:10.1057/9781403978608
1701:Left-wing nationalism
1627:Anti-French sentiment
1490:South Korean liberals
1365:
1295:
1105:
931:Russian Imperial Army
912:
832:
784:; even in peacetime,
766:permanent war economy
583:
571:
495:In Britain and Canada
409:International context
194:Second World Congress
57:
36:Bolivarian propaganda
33:
4552:Sri Lankan Civil War
4446:Turn the other cheek
4261:University for Peace
4172:List of peace prizes
3544:Imperialism: A Study
3105:A'la Maududi, Abul.
3066:. Routledge: 55–76.
2402:43.2 (1962): 93–105.
1585:postcolonial studies
1405:In the worldview of
1380:Jamaat-e-Islami Hind
1203:cultural imperialism
1166:Muhammad Rashid Rida
1110:Muhammad Rashid Rida
951:movement led by the
852:East Germany in 1953
805:American imperialism
477:Imperialism: A Study
426:Spanish–American War
353:Imperialism (Hobson)
302:Christopher Columbus
188:and re-establish an
174:Muhammad Rashid Rida
138:, colonial empires,
100:or influence from a
48:American imperialism
4594:Nuclear disarmament
4577:in Russian Far East
4334:Department of Peace
4319:Counter-recruitment
4314:Conflict resolution
4304:Central Park be-ins
4292:Slogans and tactics
4271:Japanese Peace Bell
4061:Non-interventionism
4056:Modern-war pacifism
3994:Christian anarchism
3742:Daniel Jakopovich,
3499:Hamilton, Richard.
3451:, Spanish colonies.
2603:See Peter Drucker,
1706:Localism (politics)
1673:Irish republicanism
1589:Russian imperialism
1553:non-interventionism
1526:Japanese war crimes
1400:Western imperialism
1154:Ikhwan al-Muslimeen
1116:insurgency against
1039:Emir Abd al-Qadir's
1035:British colonialism
1017:Sayyid Ahmad Shahid
961:Russian imperialism
953:Imamate of Caucasus
866:. Countries in the
68:Russian imperialism
4488:American Civil War
4380:Make love, not war
4354:Economic sanctions
4309:Civil disobedience
4142:Festival for Peace
4115:Media and cultural
4101:Testimony of peace
4021:Christian pacifism
3708:2011-06-05 at the
3628:Polsgrove, Carol.
3621:2023-02-05 at the
3603:2011-06-05 at the
3578:2023-02-05 at the
3553:2023-02-05 at the
3526:2018-09-30 at the
3472:2020-11-22 at the
3447:2023-02-05 at the
3429:2023-02-05 at the
3411:2023-02-05 at the
3368:Ali, Tariq et al.
3303:. 5 February 2022.
3108:Al Jihad Fil Islam
2800:on 15 January 2021
2767:. pp. 43–48.
2551:2018-01-27 at the
2305:2016-11-16 at the
1679:Korean nationalism
1386:movements such as
1376:
1354:Al Jihad fil Islam
1332:Al Jihad Fil Islam
1327:
1315:imperialist forces
1307:", led the Libyan
1305:Lion of the Desert
1287:Soviet Imperialism
1170:Islamic revivalist
1150:Muslim Brotherhood
1134:
939:
929:from the invading
843:
825:Social imperialism
730:social imperialist
590:
578:
389:Political movement
289:Joseph Chamberlain
253:social imperialism
96:struggles against
71:
52:
4704:Anti-war movement
4686:
4685:
4589:Military taxation
4459:War tax resisters
4026:Deterrence theory
3805:Anti-war movement
3738:, April 13, 2009.
3635:Porter, Bernard.
3560:James, Lawrence.
3461:Ferguson, Niall.
3225:Fi Zilal al-Quran
3040:978-0-415-63988-0
3015:978-0-8133-2691-7
2990:978-1-108-41833-1
2965:978-0-19-966831-1
2830:978-3849-8114-7-1
2774:978-0367-2345-4-6
2742:978-963-9776-68-5
2385:Gordon L. Heath,
2372:Carl Berger, ed.
2171:Robert L. Beisner
2002:978-1-4039-6556-1
1965:978-1-138-83939-7
1940:978-9971-69-359-6
1915:978-0-691-19522-3
1890:978-0-7103-0469-8
1854:978-0-8147-7609-4
1816:978-1-138-83939-7
1669:Irish nationalism
1591:and colonialism.
1530:imperialist Japan
1502:No Japan Movement
1469:Fi Zilal al-Quran
1349:Abul A'la Maududi
1259:post-World War II
1091:, elimination of
1071:Islamic statehood
1061:'s Jihad against
1013:South Asian Jihad
985:Jembulat Boletoqo
835:Afghan mujahideen
628:dependency theory
366:nationalist pride
329:Joseph Schumpeter
285:Benjamin Disraeli
210:religious clerics
190:Islamic caliphate
102:global superpower
84:is opposition to
78:political science
34:Anti-imperialist
16:(Redirected from
4716:
4699:Anti-imperialism
4513:list of protests
4374:Lesson of Munich
4329:Demilitarisation
4207:Peace journalism
4001:Anti-imperialism
3984:Anarcho-pacifism
3920:Peace psychology
3900:Peace conference
3895:Peace commission
3840:Culture of Peace
3775:
3768:
3761:
3752:
3610:Owen, Nicholas.
3535:Herman, Arthur.
3400:Brendon, Piers.
3356:
3355:
3346:(3–4): 471–481.
3331:
3325:
3311:
3305:
3304:
3297:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3286:
3281:. 14 August 2019
3269:
3263:
3262:
3260:
3258:
3243:
3234:
3233:
3219:
3213:
3212:
3194:
3188:
3187:
3182:. Archived from
3171:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3141:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3125:
3118:
3102:
3096:
3095:
3085:
3075:
3051:
3045:
3044:
3026:
3020:
3019:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2976:
2970:
2969:
2950:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2931:. Archived from
2906:
2900:
2899:
2889:
2880:
2874:
2873:
2841:
2835:
2834:
2816:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2796:. Archived from
2785:
2779:
2778:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2726:
2720:
2719:
2708:10.2307/20031013
2691:
2682:
2675:
2639:
2630:
2629:
2626:www.marxists.org
2618:
2612:
2601:
2595:
2594:
2562:
2556:
2543:
2537:
2531:
2525:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2499:. Archived from
2489:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2479:
2464:
2458:
2451:
2445:
2438:
2429:
2422:
2416:
2409:
2403:
2396:
2390:
2383:
2377:
2370:
2364:
2357:
2351:
2344:
2338:
2333:Bernard Porter,
2331:
2325:
2317:Gregory Claeys,
2315:
2309:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2258:
2252:
2245:
2239:
2232:
2226:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2197:
2191:
2190:(1936) pp 266–78
2184:
2178:
2168:
2162:
2161:Harrington, 1935
2159:
2153:
2146:
2140:
2133:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2095:
2086:
2079:
2073:
2066:
2060:
2053:
2047:
2040:
2034:
2027:
2018:
2017:
2015:
2014:
1986:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1951:
1945:
1944:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1876:
1870:
1869:
1867:
1866:
1838:
1832:
1831:
1829:
1828:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1754:
1748:
1741:
1642:Decentralization
1617:Anti-Americanism
1611:
1606:
1605:
1528:during the past
1473:
1438:Muslim community
1402:and its allies.
1372:Crusading spirit
1358:
1261:era. During the
1160:. Syro-Egyptian
1063:Italian Fascists
1027:and the Arabian
872:satellite states
870:were considered
839:Stinger Missiles
755:
395:colonial empires
325:Thorstein Veblen
267:as imperial and
233:Second World War
74:Anti-imperialism
21:
18:Anti-Imperialism
4724:
4723:
4719:
4718:
4717:
4715:
4714:
4713:
4689:
4688:
4687:
4682:
4669:
4598:
4542:Afghanistan War
4493:Second Boer War
4469:
4463:
4287:
4110:
3964:
3910:Peace education
3793:Peace advocates
3788:
3779:
3710:Wayback Machine
3689:
3684:
3656:Thornton, A.P.
3623:Wayback Machine
3605:Wayback Machine
3580:Wayback Machine
3567:Karsh, Efraim.
3555:Wayback Machine
3528:Wayback Machine
3488:Steven C. Roach
3474:Wayback Machine
3449:Wayback Machine
3431:Wayback Machine
3413:Wayback Machine
3364:
3362:Further reading
3359:
3333:
3332:
3328:
3312:
3308:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3284:
3282:
3271:
3270:
3266:
3256:
3254:
3245:
3244:
3237:
3221:
3220:
3216:
3209:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3186:on 26 May 2022.
3173:
3172:
3168:
3158:
3156:
3143:
3142:
3138:
3129:
3127:
3123:
3116:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3041:
3028:
3027:
3023:
3016:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2991:
2978:
2977:
2973:
2966:
2952:
2951:
2947:
2938:
2936:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2887:
2882:
2881:
2877:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2831:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2803:
2801:
2787:
2786:
2782:
2775:
2755:
2754:
2750:
2743:
2728:
2727:
2723:
2696:Foreign Affairs
2693:
2692:
2685:
2676:
2656:10.2307/4148594
2641:
2640:
2633:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2609:Workers Liberty
2602:
2598:
2564:
2563:
2559:
2555:Spring of 1967.
2553:Wayback Machine
2544:
2540:
2532:
2528:
2520:
2516:
2506:
2504:
2503:on 11 July 2002
2497:www.cpgb.org.uk
2491:
2490:
2486:
2477:
2475:
2466:
2465:
2461:
2453:"Imperialism",
2452:
2448:
2440:"Colonialism",
2439:
2432:
2424:"Imperialism",
2423:
2419:
2410:
2406:
2397:
2393:
2384:
2380:
2371:
2367:
2358:
2354:
2345:
2341:
2332:
2328:
2316:
2312:
2307:Wayback Machine
2297:
2293:
2284:
2282:
2275:
2260:
2259:
2255:
2246:
2242:
2233:
2229:
2224:
2220:
2210:
2208:
2199:
2198:
2194:
2185:
2181:
2169:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2147:
2143:
2134:
2130:
2121:
2119:
2112:
2097:
2096:
2089:
2080:
2076:
2067:
2063:
2054:
2050:
2041:
2037:
2028:
2021:
2012:
2010:
2003:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1966:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1941:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1916:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1891:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1864:
1862:
1855:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1826:
1824:
1817:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1788:
1786:
1779:
1756:
1755:
1751:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1729:
1721:Postcolonialism
1609:Politics portal
1607:
1600:
1597:
1561:
1549:Dennis Kucinich
1484:anti-capitalism
1480:
1474:
1462:
1451:world Communism
1434:Judeo-Christian
1359:
1347:
1323:Interwar Period
1158:Jamaat-e-Islami
907:
897:
856:Hungary in 1956
827:
813:
801:First World War
764:The concept of
762:
756:
753:
665:finance capital
566:
518:Dutch colonists
510:Second Boer War
497:
443:Andrew Carnegie
422:
416:
411:
391:
355:
349:
281:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4722:
4720:
4712:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4691:
4690:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4680:
4674:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4655:United Kingdom
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4606:
4604:
4600:
4599:
4597:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4580:
4579:
4574:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4538:
4537:
4532:
4522:
4517:
4516:
4515:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4473:
4471:
4465:
4464:
4462:
4461:
4456:
4449:
4442:
4437:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4306:
4301:
4295:
4293:
4289:
4288:
4286:
4285:
4280:
4278:Women in Black
4275:
4274:
4273:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4222:
4221:
4216:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4118:
4116:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4041:Green politics
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4011:Antimilitarism
4008:
4003:
3998:
3997:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3978:
3972:
3970:
3966:
3965:
3963:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3915:Peace movement
3912:
3907:
3905:Peace congress
3902:
3897:
3892:
3890:Peace churches
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3845:ECOPEACE Party
3842:
3837:
3835:Counterculture
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3796:
3794:
3790:
3789:
3786:peace movement
3780:
3778:
3777:
3770:
3763:
3755:
3749:
3748:
3739:
3732:Thomas Sankara
3725:
3719:
3713:
3700:
3688:
3687:External links
3685:
3683:
3682:
3675:
3668:
3661:
3660:(2nd ed. 1985)
3654:
3647:
3640:
3633:
3626:
3608:
3598:online edition
3590:
3583:
3565:
3558:
3540:
3532:
3531:
3512:
3511:
3504:
3496:
3495:
3484:
3477:
3459:
3452:
3434:
3416:
3398:
3387:
3380:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3357:
3326:
3306:
3292:
3264:
3253:. 10 July 2019
3235:
3214:
3207:
3189:
3180:Philosophy Now
3166:
3136:
3113:Jihad in Islam
3097:
3046:
3039:
3021:
3014:
2996:
2989:
2971:
2964:
2945:
2901:
2875:
2836:
2829:
2811:
2780:
2773:
2748:
2741:
2721:
2702:(1): 135–144.
2683:
2650:(2): 294–303.
2631:
2613:
2596:
2577:(1): 117–130.
2557:
2538:
2526:
2514:
2484:
2459:
2446:
2430:
2417:
2404:
2391:
2378:
2365:
2352:
2339:
2326:
2310:
2291:
2273:
2253:
2240:
2227:
2218:
2192:
2186:Julius Pratt,
2179:
2163:
2154:
2141:
2128:
2110:
2087:
2074:
2061:
2048:
2035:
2019:
2001:
1971:
1964:
1946:
1939:
1921:
1914:
1896:
1889:
1871:
1853:
1833:
1815:
1795:
1777:
1749:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1693:
1692:
1691:
1686:
1676:
1666:
1661:
1660:
1659:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1613:
1612:
1596:
1593:
1560:
1557:
1538:Chinese people
1500:imperialism. "
1479:
1476:
1460:
1458:consequences."
1445:and Christian
1345:
1271:anti-communist
1214:Hasan al-Banna
1187:Salaf al-Salih
1148:; such as the
1130:Abdullah Azzam
1122:Hasan al-Banna
1073:that enforces
1051:Pashtun tribes
1005:Moro Rebellion
896:
893:
821:Anti-Sovietism
812:
809:
795:with founder,
761:
758:
751:
735:class analysis
678:
677:
674:
671:
668:
661:
608:Vladimir Lenin
574:Vladimir Lenin
565:
562:
538:John A. Hobson
496:
493:
472:John A. Hobson
418:Main article:
415:
412:
410:
407:
403:decolonization
390:
387:
358:John A. Hobson
351:Main article:
348:
345:
321:John A. Hobson
297:Vladimir Lenin
293:John A. Hobson
280:
277:
226:anti-communist
212:; and incited
114:Vladimir Lenin
90:neocolonialism
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4721:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4696:
4694:
4679:
4676:
4675:
4672:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4660:United States
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4601:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4569:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4527:
4526:
4523:
4521:
4520:War on Terror
4518:
4514:
4511:
4510:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4483:
4479:
4476:War of 1812 (
4475:
4474:
4472:
4466:
4460:
4457:
4454:
4450:
4447:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4435:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4418:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4406:Peacebuilding
4404:
4402:
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4381:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4344:Draft evasion
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4324:De-escalation
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4296:
4294:
4290:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4272:
4269:
4268:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4226:Peace One Day
4224:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4214:
4210:
4209:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4031:Direct action
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3989:Anarcho-punks
3987:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3967:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3955:War resisters
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3797:
3795:
3791:
3787:
3783:
3776:
3771:
3769:
3764:
3762:
3757:
3756:
3753:
3746:
3745:
3740:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3726:
3723:
3720:
3717:
3714:
3711:
3707:
3704:
3701:
3698:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3686:
3680:
3676:
3673:
3669:
3666:
3662:
3659:
3655:
3652:
3648:
3645:
3641:
3638:
3634:
3631:
3627:
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2935:on 2021-11-09
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2892:Teksty Drugie
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1565:
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1290:
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1284:
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935:Caucasian War
932:
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911:
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890:
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553:
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330:
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241:United States
238:
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203:
202:pan-Islamists
199:
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166:Islamic world
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159:
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4359:Flower power
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4000:
3925:Peace treaty
3743:
3736:The Militant
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3276:
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3192:
3184:the original
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3139:
3128:. Retrieved
3112:
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3059:
3049:
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2263:
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2195:
2187:
2182:
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2120:. Retrieved
2100:
2082:
2081:David Long,
2077:
2069:
2064:
2056:
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2038:
2030:
2011:. Retrieved
1982:
1974:
1955:
1949:
1930:
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1843:
1836:
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1805:
1798:
1787:. Retrieved
1759:
1752:
1744:
1739:
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1571:
1562:
1547:, including
1542:
1488:
1481:
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1331:
1328:
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1281:and chiding
1265:period, the
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1248:
1245:Muslim World
1237:
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1177:
1173:
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1146:Muslim World
1138:Pan-Islamism
1135:
1114:Pan-Islamist
1086:
1080:
1074:
1059:Omar Mukhtar
1053:against the
1045:in Algeria,
1033:that fought
1028:
1015:movement of
1007:against the
999:against the
969:Ghazi Mullah
946:
940:
920:
916:fighters of
901:Pan-Islamism
883:
882:' 1957 book
876:
868:Eastern Bloc
844:
790:
774:theoretician
765:
763:
747:
739:
718:
693:Soviet Union
690:
679:
651:
649:
641:neo-colonial
636:exploitation
621:
601:
591:
554:
550:
498:
489:
484:
476:
469:
465:
460:
423:
392:
383:
378:
370:
362:Imperialism.
361:
356:
306:
282:
269:neo-colonial
245:Soviet Union
230:
228:rebellions.
158:pan-Islamism
148:
129:
98:intervention
94:independence
73:
72:
58:Graffiti in
4650:Switzerland
4635:Netherlands
4508:Vietnam War
4498:World War I
4369:Human Be-In
4106:World peace
4071:Nonviolence
4036:Finvenkismo
4016:Appeasement
3930:Peaceworker
3083:10023/26238
1657:Indigenismo
1637:Colonialism
1464:Sayyid Qutb
1447:Imperialism
1411:Sayyid Qutb
1378:The Indian
1368:Sayyid Qutb
1337:imperialism
1321:during the
1230:Sayyid Qutb
1218:South Asian
1196:nationalism
1126:Sayyid Qutb
1118:imperialism
1099:movements.
1055:British Raj
963:during the
933:during the
848:Warsaw Pact
782:war economy
742:Che Guevara
714:Afghanistan
697:Third World
617:colonialism
603:Das Kapital
586:Che Guevara
530:W. T. Stead
516:, who were
447:Henry James
337:World War I
317:imperialism
313:aristocracy
222:anti-Soviet
206:bourgeoisie
186:imperialism
172:theologian
144:imperialism
136:colonialism
86:imperialism
4693:Categories
4615:Costa Rica
4401:Peace walk
4213:Peace News
4091:Satyagraha
4076:Pacificism
4066:Nonkilling
3980:Anarchism
3969:Ideologies
3885:Peace camp
3159:October 7,
3130:2022-11-29
2939:2023-03-23
2757:Annus, Epp
2507:11 January
2478:2011-02-13
2285:2018-05-01
2211:2 February
2122:2018-05-01
2013:2023-01-04
1865:2023-01-04
1827:2023-01-04
1789:2023-01-04
1732:References
1652:Indigenism
1551:, support
1514:free trade
1510:Shinzo Abe
1394:to defend
1299:commander
1192:secularism
1030:Muwahhidun
995:, and the
973:Hamzat Bek
914:Resistance
899:See also:
815:See also:
797:Tony Cliff
770:Trotskyist
760:Trotskyism
726:Mao Zedong
721:anarchists
514:Afrikaners
505:Adam Smith
455:Mark Twain
309:capitalism
214:communists
4603:Countries
4584:Landmines
4572:in Russia
4530:Criticism
4339:Desertion
3825:Code Pink
3092:253068552
2929:0024-5089
2870:159664992
2765:Routledge
2672:156553569
2591:0301-7605
1559:Criticism
1310:Mujahidin
1275:socialism
1182:Salafiyya
989:Padri War
922:Mujahidin
918:Caucasian
778:arms race
719:However,
632:dominance
594:Karl Marx
198:Comintern
66:opposing
44:Venezuela
38:mural in
4678:Category
4535:Protests
4525:Iraq War
4428:Teach-in
4081:Pacifism
3782:Anti-war
3706:Archived
3619:Archived
3601:Archived
3576:Archived
3551:Archived
3539:(2009) .
3524:Archived
3521:in JSTOR
3470:Archived
3465:(2002),
3445:Archived
3427:Archived
3409:Archived
3285:11 March
3257:12 March
3153:Archived
3149:Zee News
3121:Archived
2916:Lituanus
2804:22 April
2759:(2019).
2716:20031013
2571:Critique
2549:Archived
2472:Archived
2303:Archived
2300:in JSTOR
2279:Archived
2251:. (1970)
2205:Archived
2116:Archived
2007:Archived
1859:Archived
1821:Archived
1783:Archived
1595:See also
1581:Estonian
1498:Japanese
1461:—
1424:2:120 "{
1419:Qur'anic
1407:Egyptian
1388:Al-Qaeda
1384:Jihadist
1346:—
1283:leftists
1267:Islamist
1263:Cold War
1226:Egyptian
1212:founder
1162:Islamist
1142:Islamist
997:Aceh War
993:Java War
959:against
955:and the
905:Islamism
752:—
702:Ethiopia
686:pacifism
682:anti-war
624:Leninist
612:monopoly
257:Islamist
237:Cold War
184:against
140:hegemony
122:exported
110:Leninist
4620:Germany
4251:Symbols
4197:Museums
3674:(2015).
3653:(2010).
3632:(2009).
3614:(2008)
3596:(1991)
3571:(2007)
3564:(1997).
3546:(1905)
3503:(2006).
3440:(2007)
3404:(2008)
3386:(2010).
3251:연합뉴스 TV
2664:4148594
2376:(1969).
2337:(1968).
2323:excerpt
2321:(2010)
2150:History
2085:(1996).
2070:History
1747:(2010).
1536:of the
1494:Chinese
1415:secular
1396:Muslims
1297:Islamic
1279:Marxism
1234:atheism
1200:Western
1049:of the
744:said:
479:(1902).
178:Muslims
151:Western
126:profits
64:Georgia
60:Tbilisi
40:Caracas
4625:Israel
4610:Canada
4349:Die-in
4299:Bed-in
4046:Hippie
3976:Ahimsa
3508:Empire
3490:2008.
3375:
3321:
3315:Empire
3205:
3115:]
3090:
3037:
3012:
2987:
2962:
2927:
2868:
2827:
2771:
2739:
2714:
2670:
2662:
2589:
2271:
2238:(1978)
2177:(1968)
2108:
2033:(2010)
1999:
1962:
1937:
1912:
1887:
1851:
1813:
1775:
1573:Empire
1254:Tawhid
1178:Sharia
1156:) and
1097:reform
1088:Sunnah
1082:Qur'an
1076:Sharia
1043:French
1011:, the
977:Shamil
823:, and
706:Angola
347:Hobson
279:Theory
273:Israel
261:Russia
249:Maoism
218:Soviet
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