94:
The organization was dominated by young Jewish communists. Jewish members of the
Communist Party were required by the party to join the organization (those who did not could be accused of Zionist leanings). The membership of the Anti-Zionist League was, however, not exclusively Jewish and communist.
51:
on
September 12, 1945. The government approved the petition on March 16, 1946. Whilst the Communist Party was illegal at the time and the National Liberation Party (considered a front organization for the Communist Party) had been refused legal registration, the Iraqi government allowed the
64:
The Anti-Zionist League sought to propagate amongst the Iraqi population to avoid confounding Jews with
Zionism, as a measure to confront "communal hatred". Zionism was, according to the organization, a colonialist phenomenon. The Anti-Zionist League called for a fully independent
81:
Amongst the founders of the organization were Yahuda Siddiq (Central
Committee member of the Communist Party) and Masru Qattan and Yusuf Zalluf. Yusuf Zhilkha headed the organization. Zakki Basim, a non-Jew, acted as the liaison between the organization and the
136:
Al-'Usbah was banned in June 1946, shortly after its foundation. The organization was declared illegal by the Iraqi government in July 1946. Members of the organization were arrested and charged with the crime of
Zionism.
123:
During its three months of legal existence, the Anti-Zionist League organized twenty-two public meetings. In
Baghdad up to 5,000 people could take part some of these meetings. Two public meetings were held in
52:
Anti-Zionist League to operate as a legal organization. The reason is said to have been that the government hoped to use the organization to represent Iraqi Jews towards the
512:
53:
507:
69:, an Arab democratic government, end to land transfers to Zionists and prohibition of Zionist migration. According to the Anti-Zionist League British and U.S.
497:
487:
517:
438:
411:
379:
343:
316:
289:
259:
207:
492:
477:
502:
482:
522:
146:
95:
There were also some
Christian and Muslim members, and some of its members were Progressive Nationalists.
36:
457:عصبة مكافحة الصهيونية في العراق،1946-1945: دراسة ووثائق : اليسار العراقي والمسألة الفلسطينية ء
231:عصبة مكافحة الصهيونية في العراق،1946-1945: دراسة ووثائق : اليسار العراقي والمسألة الفلسطينية ء
66:
371:
434:
407:
375:
339:
333:
312:
285:
279:
255:
203:
83:
401:
306:
249:
197:
24:
364:
471:
47:
The petition to found the Anti-Zionist League was signed by eight individuals from
35:, active in 1946. The organization was founded by a group of Jewish members of the
455:
428:
229:
180:
70:
48:
73:
was responsible for the rise in sectarian violence and nationalism.
125:
32:
199:
Communism in
History and Theory: Asia, Africa, and the Americas
433:. הספריה הציונית על־יד ההסתדרות הציונית העולמית. p. 253.
115:, 'The League'), which had a circulation of 6,000 copies.
357:
355:
281:
If I Am Not For Myself: Journey of an Anti-Zionist Jew
362:Edmund A. Ghareeb; Beth Dougherty (18 March 2004).
363:
54:Anglo-American Commission of Inquiry on Palestine
273:
271:
174:
172:
170:
168:
166:
164:
162:
8:
182:Communism and Nationalism in the Middle East
110:
403:Exile from Exile: Israeli Writers from Iraq
395:
393:
391:
308:The Communist Movement in Egypt, 1920–1988
223:
221:
219:
202:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 75.
338:. Harvard University Press. p. 191.
311:. Syracuse University Press. p. 94.
243:
241:
513:Political parties disestablished in 1946
430:הציונות ומתנגדיה בעם היהודי: קובץ מאמרים
332:Elizabeth F. Thompson (15 April 2013).
158:
16:Former anti-Israel Jewish group in Iraq
305:Tareq Y. Ismael; Rifʻat Saʻīd (1990).
251:The Jewish Exodus from Iraq, 1948–1951
508:Political parties established in 1945
7:
111:
28:
196:Donald F. Busky (1 January 2002).
128:, with thousands of participants.
14:
498:Jewish anti-Zionist organizations
488:Defunct communist parties in Iraq
427:חיים אבני; גדעון שמעוני (1989).
278:Mike Marqusee (23 August 2011).
105:It published a daily newspaper
29:عصبة مكافحة الصهيونية في العراق
518:1946 disestablishments in Iraq
1:
400:Nancy E. Berg (3 July 1996).
366:Historical Dictionary of Iraq
185:. Praeger. pp. 185, 190.
370:. Scarecrow Press. pp.
284:. Verso Books. p. 165.
493:Jewish anti-Zionism in Iraq
478:1945 establishments in Iraq
454:ʻAbd al-Laṭīf Rāwī (1986).
228:ʻAbd al-Laṭīf Rāwī (1986).
21:Anti-Zionist League in Iraq
541:
503:Jewish communist movements
460:. Dār al-Jīl. p. 145.
406:. SUNY Press. p. 23.
147:Jewish Anti-Zionist League
254:. Routledge. p. 24.
248:Moshe Gat (4 July 2013).
234:. Dār al-Jīl. p. 23.
31:) was an organization in
483:Banned communist parties
86:of the Communist Party.
179:Walter Laqueur (1956).
523:Iraqi Communist Party
37:Iraqi Communist Party
335:Justice Interrupted
98:
440:978-965-342-548-4
413:978-0-7914-2980-8
381:978-0-8108-6568-6
345:978-0-674-07609-9
318:978-0-8156-2497-4
291:978-1-84467-854-9
261:978-1-135-24654-9
209:978-0-275-97733-7
84:Central Committee
530:
462:
461:
451:
445:
444:
424:
418:
417:
397:
386:
385:
369:
359:
350:
349:
329:
323:
322:
302:
296:
295:
275:
266:
265:
245:
236:
235:
225:
214:
213:
193:
187:
186:
176:
114:
113:
30:
540:
539:
533:
532:
531:
529:
528:
527:
468:
467:
466:
465:
453:
452:
448:
441:
426:
425:
421:
414:
399:
398:
389:
382:
361:
360:
353:
346:
331:
330:
326:
319:
304:
303:
299:
292:
277:
276:
269:
262:
247:
246:
239:
227:
226:
217:
210:
195:
194:
190:
178:
177:
160:
155:
143:
134:
121:
103:
92:
79:
62:
45:
17:
12:
11:
5:
538:
537:
534:
526:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
470:
469:
464:
463:
446:
439:
419:
412:
387:
380:
351:
344:
324:
317:
297:
290:
267:
260:
237:
215:
208:
188:
157:
156:
154:
151:
150:
149:
142:
139:
133:
130:
120:
117:
102:
97:
91:
88:
78:
75:
61:
60:Political line
58:
44:
41:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
536:
535:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
475:
473:
459:
458:
450:
447:
442:
436:
432:
431:
423:
420:
415:
409:
405:
404:
396:
394:
392:
388:
383:
377:
373:
368:
367:
358:
356:
352:
347:
341:
337:
336:
328:
325:
320:
314:
310:
309:
301:
298:
293:
287:
283:
282:
274:
272:
268:
263:
257:
253:
252:
244:
242:
238:
233:
232:
224:
222:
220:
216:
211:
205:
201:
200:
192:
189:
184:
183:
175:
173:
171:
169:
167:
165:
163:
159:
152:
148:
145:
144:
140:
138:
131:
129:
127:
118:
116:
108:
101:
96:
89:
87:
85:
76:
74:
72:
68:
59:
57:
55:
50:
42:
40:
38:
34:
26:
22:
456:
449:
429:
422:
402:
365:
334:
327:
307:
300:
280:
250:
230:
198:
191:
181:
135:
122:
106:
104:
99:
93:
80:
63:
46:
20:
18:
71:imperialism
472:Categories
153:References
119:Activities
90:Membership
77:Leadership
43:Foundation
107:al-'Usbah
100:Al-'Usbah
67:Palestine
39:in 1945.
141:See also
374:, 126.
49:Baghdad
437:
410:
378:
342:
315:
288:
258:
206:
112:العصبة
25:Arabic
126:Basra
435:ISBN
408:ISBN
376:ISBN
340:ISBN
313:ISBN
286:ISBN
256:ISBN
204:ISBN
33:Iraq
19:The
132:Ban
474::
390:^
372:17
354:^
270:^
240:^
218:^
161:^
56:.
27::
443:.
416:.
384:.
348:.
321:.
294:.
264:.
212:.
109:(
23:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.