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25:
129:
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1012:, can be complex and verbose, as they are hierarchical, partly ordered, and pervasively cross-linked. This complexity can be a barrier to learning. The build files of large or complex projects can become unmanageably large. Good design and modularization of build files can improve readability but not necessarily reduce size.
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In makefiles, any rule to create one file type from another can be written inline within the makefile. For example, one may transform a document into some other format by using rules to execute another tool. Creating a similar task in Ant is more complex: a separate task must be written in Java and
816:
This Ant task has the same name as the common Java command-line utility, JAR, but is really a call to the Ant program's built-in JAR/ZIP file support. This detail is not relevant to most end users, who just get the JAR they wanted, with the files they asked for.
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IDE uses Ant for its internal build system. As both these IDEs are very popular development platforms, they can simplify Ant use significantly. (As a bonus, Ant scripts generated by NetBeans can be used outside that IDE as standalone scripts.)
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included with the Ant build file in order to handle the same type of functionality. However, this separation can enhance the readability of the Ant script by hiding some of the details of how a task is executed on different platforms.
389:
Several proposals for an Ant version 2 have been made, such as AntEater by James Duncan
Davidson, Myrmidon by Peter Donald and Mutant by Conor MacNeill, none of which were able to find large acceptance with the developer community.
936:
Additionally, Ant does not differentiate between forward slash or backslash for directories and semicolon or colon for path separators. It converts each to the symbol appropriate to the platform on which it executes.
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loop, a property cannot be re-evaluated for a sub-value which may be part of the iteration. (Some third-party extensions facilitate a workaround; AntXtras flow-control tasksets do provide for cursor redefinition for
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tasks to set up the command lines, and handle all the details of mapping from information in the build file to the program's arguments and interpreting the return value. Users can see which tasks do this (e.g.
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1027:—use default values for options that are not consistent with more recent versions of the tasks. Changing those defaults would break existing Ant scripts.
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When expanding properties in a string or text element, undefined properties are not raised as an error, but left as an unexpanded reference (e.g.
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tool to build Tomcat from directives in an XML "build file". Ant (version 1.1) was officially released as a stand-alone product on July 19, 2000.
845:), by trying to execute the task on a system without the underlying program on the path, or without a full Java Development Kit (JDK) installed.
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Within each target are the actions that Ant must take to build that target; these are performed using built-in tasks. For example, to build the
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platform, but in the open-source world, there was no way of controlling which platform was used to build Tomcat; so Ant was created as a simple
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At one time (2002), Ant was the build tool used by most Java development projects. For example, most open source Java developers included
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WOProject-Ant is just one of many examples of a task extension written for Ant. These extensions are installed by copying their
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commands. Ant provides built-in functionality that is designed to behave the same on all platforms. For example, in the sample
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provides a collection of tasks such as conditional statements and operations on properties as well as other useful tasks.
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782:(which Ant will do only if it does not already exist) and then invoke the Java compiler. Therefore, the tasks used are
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Extreme
Programming with Ant: Building and Deploying Java Applications with JSP, EJB, XSLT, XDoclet, and JUnit
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Ant is intended to work with all systems for which Java runtimes are available. It is most commonly used with
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Many Ant tasks delegate their work to external programs, either native or Java. They use Ant's own
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Ant was designed to be more portable than Make. Compared to Make, Ant uses less platform-specific
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directory and everything in it. In a
Makefile this would typically be done with the command:
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file is listed below for a simple Java "Hello, world" application. It defines four targets -
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In an Ant build file the same goal would be accomplished using a built-in command:
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operating systems but has also been used on other platforms such as OS/2, OpenVMS,
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790:. These perform a similar task to the command-line utilities of the same name.
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developers to use ant in building their frameworks and apps, instead of using
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1114:, Ant-like tool targeted at the .NET Framework environment rather than Java
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1991:
1971:
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422:, which is similar software, was created in 2008, which in contrary uses
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files with their distribution. Because Ant made it trivial to integrate
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1471:
ANT Java Notes: An
Accelerated Intro Guide to the Java ANT Build Tool
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language and requires the Java platform. Unlike Make, which uses the
979:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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target as a dependency. This tells Ant that before it can start the
1108:, a project management and build automation tool primarily for Java
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2001:
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is not supported. For instance, when working within an
Antcontrib
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In 2004 Apache created a new tool with a similar purpose called
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tests with the build process, Ant allowed developers to adopt
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18:
1060:) that provide much of the missing functionality. Also, the
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907:-specific command unavailable in some other environments.
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processes for Java applications which originated from the
272:
324:
to describe the code build process and its dependencies.
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Free software programmed in Java (programming language)
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646:"compile the Java source code to class files"
312:. It is similar to Make, but is implemented using the
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1067:(IDE) can build and execute Ant scripts, while the
520:, each of which has an associated description. The
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49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1280:"WOProject-Ant – WOProject / WOLips – Confluence"
703:"create a Jar file for the application"
426:(and a few other languages) code instead of XML.
1524:Niemeyer, Glenn; Poteet, Jeremy (May 29, 2003).
1395:Loughran, Steve; Hatcher, Erik (July 12, 2007).
778:target Ant must first create a directory called
1056:There exist third-party Ant extensions (called
304:project in early 2000 as a replacement for the
1493:Hatcher, Erik; Loughran, Steve (August 2002).
1640:
1096:, a tool for turning XML into executable code
8:
378:version of Make was used to build it on the
121:
1212:, pp. 5–9, Chapter §1 Introducing Ant.
793:Another task used in this example is named
469:implements tasks and types for networking,
347:Ant ("Another Neat Tool") was conceived by
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1633:
1625:
1617:
1223:"Why do you call it Ant? – Apache Ant FAQ"
282:
127:
120:
1184:"Apache Ant - Frequently Asked Questions"
995:Learn how and when to remove this message
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1130:
1364:
1324:
1251:"The Early History of Ant Development"
1209:
1008:Ant build files, which are written in
2518:Java (programming language) libraries
1549:Williamson, Alan (November 1, 2002).
1037:Ant has limited fault handling rules.
613:"remove all artifact files"
574:"remove intermediate files"
541:<?xml version="1.0"?>
446:file. The WOProject extensions allow
7:
1577:ANT: The Java Build Tool In Practice
1120:, a JVM build tool built with Groovy
47:adding citations to reliable sources
2493:Apache Software Foundation projects
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1024:
1020:
1016:
842:
838:
834:
830:
825:
821:
1418:Holzner, Steven (April 13, 2005).
1266:Java Tools for eXtreme Programming
1065:integrated development environment
532:target it must first complete the
14:
2528:Software using the Apache license
1249:MacNeill, Conor (4 August 2005).
1087:List of build automation software
1015:Many of the older tasks, such as
188:1.10.14 / August 20, 2023
2465:
2464:
1574:Matzke, Bernd (September 2003).
1468:Bell, Alexis T. (July 7, 2005).
949:
492:, and filesystem manipulations.
480:Other task extensions exist for
23:
1237:"Myrmidon: The Ant2.0 Proposal"
34:needs additional citations for
1656:The Apache Software Foundation
1476:Virtualbookworm.com Publishing
1:
2508:Cross-platform free software
1376:Apache Ant Manual. Section
975:the claims made and adding
2549:
1552:Ant – Developer's Handbook
1421:Ant – The Definitive Guide
911:, for example, would use:
333:Apache Software Foundation
154:Apache Software Foundation
2460:
1497:Java Development with Ant
1139:"Apache Ant Project News"
298:automating software build
203:
177:
126:
1443:Moodie, Matthew (2005).
1041:Lazy property evaluation
919:
799:
754:"HelloProgram"
538:
1352:"Overview of Ant Tasks"
1338:"ant-contrib.unkrig.de"
1032:$ {unassigned.property}
403:test-driven development
296:is a software tool for
190:; 13 months ago
2523:Java development tools
1160:"Apache Ant - Welcome"
748:"Main-Class"
733:"**/*.class"
477:processing and other.
165:; 24 years ago
1378:"System Requirements"
808:"hello.jar"
715:"hello.jar"
625:"hello.jar"
467:Ant-contrib.unkrig.de
349:James Duncan Davidson
142:James Duncan Davidson
1503:Manning Publications
1401:Manning Publications
914:rmdir /S /Q classes
384:platform-independent
43:improve this article
1582:Charles River Media
1312:"Ant-Contrib Tasks"
928:"classes"
888:target deletes the
727:"classes"
697:"compile"
676:"classes"
658:"classes"
640:"compile"
601:"clobber"
586:"classes"
556:"compile"
407:extreme programming
337:open-source project
123:
1717:Apache HTTP Server
960:possibly contains
327:Released under an
262:Apache License 2.0
137:Original author(s)
16:Java software tool
2480:
2479:
1595:978-1-58450-248-7
1566:978-0-672-32426-0
1541:978-0-672-32562-5
1516:978-1-930110-58-8
1485:978-1-58939-738-5
1435:978-0-596-00609-9
1410:978-1-932394-80-1
1005:
1004:
997:
962:original research
909:Microsoft Windows
760:</manifest>
607:"clean"
568:"clean"
550:"Hello"
524:target lists the
473:user interfaces,
438:files into ant's
370:, for release as
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163:19 July 2000
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2498:Build automation
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1615:
1613:Official website
1599:
1580:(1st ed.).
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1555:(1st ed.).
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1530:(1st ed.).
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1501:(1st ed.).
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977:inline citations
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895:rm -rf classes/
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2503:Compiling tools
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1559:. p. 456.
1557:SAMS Publishing
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1534:. p. 456.
1532:SAMS Publishing
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1478:. p. 268.
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1388:Further reading
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160:Initial release
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2288:Other projects
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1605:External links
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1465:
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1446:Pro Apache Ant
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32:This article
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2127:SpamAssassin
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1284:the original
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1191:. Retrieved
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1167:. Retrieved
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1142:. Retrieved
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1106:Apache Maven
1094:Apache Jelly
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1021:<exec>
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149:Developer(s)
105:
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72:
65:
58:"Apache Ant"
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1584:. pp.
1505:. pp.
1365:Moodie 2005
1325:Moodie 2005
1210:Moodie 2005
1045:<for>
941:Limitations
849:Portability
843:<rpm>
831:<csv>
721:<fileset
544:<project
376:proprietary
372:open-source
320:, Ant uses
2487:Categories
2356:Deltacloud
2142:Subversion
2032:OрenOffice
1917:Jackrabbit
1857:FreeMarker
1782:CloudStack
1767:CarbonData
1747:Bloodhound
1193:2022-01-25
1169:2022-01-25
1125:References
1100:Apache Ivy
969:improve it
922:<delete
865:and other
685:<target
634:<target
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595:<target
580:<delete
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448:WebObjects
430:Extensions
294:Apache Ant
250:Build tool
222:Written in
209:Repository
195:2023-08-20
170:2000-07-19
122:Apache Ant
69:newspapers
2351:Continuum
2272:Incubator
2225:ZooKeeper
2182:Trafodion
2172:TinkerPop
1872:Guacamole
1832:Empire-db
1817:Directory
1772:Cassandra
1663:Top-level
1144:30 August
973:verifying
882:build.xml
873:, HP-UX.
805:destfile=
730:includes=
712:destfile=
664:<javac
652:<mkdir
502:build.xml
500:A sample
444:build.xml
395:build.xml
357:reference
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2217:XMLBeans
2197:Velocity
2157:Tapestry
2152:SystemDS
2147:Superset
2137:Struts 2
2132:Struts 1
2087:RocketMQ
1992:NetBeans
1972:mod_perl
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1752:Brooklyn
1682:Airavata
1677:ActiveMQ
1672:Accumulo
1665:projects
1076:See also
1069:NetBeans
776:compile
694:depends=
673:destdir=
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553:default=
536:target.
482:Perforce
233:Platform
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2421:Stanbol
2381:Jakarta
2376:Harmony
2336:Beehive
2279:Taverna
2263:Logging
2235:Commons
2052:Phoenix
2047:Parquet
2027:OpenNLP
2022:OpenJPA
2017:OpenEJB
1977:MyFaces
1902:Iceberg
1797:CouchDB
1792:Cordova
1777:Cayenne
1757:Calcite
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