3074:
147:
2283:
2271:
729:
3068:
3130:
3081:
503:(2007), however, petitioned the ICZN to suppress Karsch's name in favor of Case's name, citing evidence that the amphibian name is much more well known and widely used (the authors cited 75 uses of the name in scientific literature and books over the last 85 years), and that the bush cricket name had been seldom used in technical literature. However, ICZN Opinion 2255 issued in 2010 rejected the petition.
468:
2277:
620:
122:
756:
formed by the sensory sulci. These are useful for detecting changes in water pressure made by the swimming motions of nearby organisms. Their sprawling limbs were also adapted for water. They would not move quickly or efficiently on land, although they may have done it to find another water pool with
645:
and forward oriented, more so than its contemporaries. Also, the skull has prominent slime canals, which are used for transporting mucus, as well as large external nares. In addition, the upper jaw is relatively weak and thin, used only for holding teeth. Their large jaws could have held many teeth
699:
and ectopterygoid teeth. They had two basic types: large with shallow grooves and small with deeper grooves. These grooves run lengthwise down the teeth and aided the animals in catching prey. The teeth are elongated labio-lingually at their base and opposite, mesiodistally, at their tip. In the
646:
at once, maybe even over 100 on each side of the upper and lower jaws, but the actual number varies constantly over the animal's lifetime due to natural causes such as fighting, eating, disease, etc. The sheer size of the skull is one of the most defining traits for the genus
711:
had a wide, wedge-shaped, powerful tail to assist it with swimming, hunting and likely defense. It was not long like the crocodiles of today, but more likely short and strong to enable it to quickly spring up from hiding and capture prey before it escapes. The legs of
1187:
Hunt, A.P. 1993. Revision of the
Metoposauridae (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) and description of a new genus from Western North America. In: M. Morales (eds.), Aspects of Mesozoic Geology and Paleontology of the Colorado Plateau. Museum of Northern Arizona Bulletin 59:
704:
to capture prey; the teeth are optimized for piercing prey and not allowing it to escape, resisting the bending force applied by the struggling organism, and propagating cracks in the hard parts of the object, such as bone, allowing for easier eating and digestion.
366:
in the late
Triassic. It had a large skull about 62 centimetres (24 in) long, and possibly reached 3 metres (9.8 ft) long. It was an ambush hunter, snapping up anything small enough to fit in its huge jaws. It was very common during the Late
793:, or an asteroid impact. It is known, however, that over half of the species living on Earth at that time went extinct from this event. It lived alongside many other smaller amphibians, and its fossils are also commonly found with
757:
more food or other resource. Mass graves have been found, thought to be a result of a group of these animals gathering together in a withering water pool during a drought and all perishing because the water was never replenished.
398:ἀνασχίζω "rip up, rend", likely alluding to the fragmented state of the original fossils noted by Branson: "The skulls were incased in a hard matrix of arenaceous shale, and had been broken in many pieces." The type species,
685:
has a shorter posterior process of the interclavicle, which may discriminate it from other closely related species, while others believe that there is not enough information to make that distinction.
1438:
Rinehart, Larry F; Lucas, Spencer G (2013). "The functional morphology of dermal bone ornamentation in temnospondyl amphibians". In Tanner, Lawrence H.; Justin A. Spielmann; Spencer G. Lucas (eds.).
1268:
1510:
Parker, W.G.; Martz, J.W. (2010). "The Late
Triassic (Norian) Adamanian–Revueltian tetrapod faunal transition in the Chinle Formation of Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona".
748:, smaller amphibian, or even a young phytosaur to wander by. When it spotted prey, it used its huge jaws to engulf and consume them. A few particular adaptations suggest
3246:
3195:
1297:
801:
occur in river valleys or floodplains where deposition is occurring, and this animal likely lived in similar shallow, swampy habitats. As it follows,
3182:
1563:
1269:"OPINION 2255 (Case 3420) Buettneria Case, 1922 (Amphibia): Generic name not conserved | International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature"
3073:
3251:
3256:
1272:
1074:
Branson, E. B. & Mehl, M. G. 1929. Triassic amphibians from the Rocky
Mountain region. The University of Missouri Studies, 4, 154–253.
641:
differs from the skulls of other closely related organisms in a few key ways. It is wider overall and features eye sockets that are very
786:
774:
1242:
955:
695:
had sharp, pointy teeth for catching and killing prey. They had marginal teeth as well as larger teeth on the palate, specifically
956:"Comments on the taxonomy of North American metoposaurids and a preliminary phylogenetic analysis of the family Metoposauridae"
889:"Taxonomy and stratigraphic distribution of Late Triassic metoposaurid amphibians from Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona"
819:
1556:
1320:
677:. The interclavicle is reduced in the way that it has many hexagonal pits as well as grooves and ridges. The skull of
2282:
1479:
Temnospondyl ontogeny and phylogeny, a window into terrestrial ecosystems during the
Permian-Triassic mass extinction
2270:
1115:
Chowdhury, T. Roy (1965). "A new metoposaurid amphibian from the upper
Triassic Maleri formation of Central India".
852:
from the Late
Triassic of Portugal and comments on the systematics and biogeography of metoposaurid temnospondyls".
146:
700:
middle, they are not elongated either way but instead circular. These dental adaptations enhanced the ability of
531:
3080:
3067:
1642:
414:, although Branson and Mehl (1929) retained the two species as distinct. Colbert and Imbrie (1956) synonymized
1219:
720:
likely spent a lot of time motionless, waiting for prey, which these short legs were likely an adaptation to.
673:. While the shortened prefrontal is a characteristic of the family Metoposauridae, it is shorted even more in
3133:
1549:
527:
495:
had already been given to a bush cricket from the
Republic of Congo by Karsch (1889), so he made the genus
3241:
3236:
3150:
1669:
1325:(Temnospondyli: Metoposauridae) from the Late Triassic of Wyoming and the phylogeny of the Metoposauridae"
523:
3208:
2788:
2276:
814:
790:
2972:
2119:
1124:
992:
535:
2408:
933:
2833:
2126:
1444:. Bulletin of the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science. Vol. 61. pp. 524–532.
543:
491:
387:
296:
2888:
2390:
2182:
2147:
2091:
1797:
1527:
1344:
1223:
1140:
1054:
900:
869:
269:
141:
3213:
2923:
2774:
1159:
3200:
2902:
2105:
2077:
716:
display a sprawling stance and short legs with 4-digits on the front and 5 on the back limbs.
539:
1492:
3098:
2584:
2493:
2465:
2161:
2098:
1930:
1902:
1519:
1379:
1368:(Amphibia: Temnospondyli) from Texas, USA and a phylogenetic analysis of the Metoposauridae"
1336:
1215:
1132:
1097:
1046:
1010:
1000:
861:
515:
363:
805:
is famous for having extremely well preserved fossils, and they are often found in groups.
3123:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3013:
2817:
2767:
2653:
2507:
2435:
2355:
2348:
2014:
1627:
1605:
782:
689:
also has ossified opisthotics, the more posterior of the bones surrounding the inner ear.
662:
607:
1128:
1117:
Philosophical
Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
996:
3006:
2990:
2937:
2909:
2895:
2854:
2685:
2623:
2542:
2521:
2500:
2376:
2341:
2175:
2112:
2056:
1965:
1893:
1882:
1868:
1824:
1763:
1735:
1722:
1681:
1572:
728:
359:
237:
217:
204:
3230:
3118:
3041:
2979:
2958:
2944:
2795:
2747:
2726:
2660:
2605:
2598:
2591:
2577:
2570:
2535:
2514:
2479:
2383:
2313:
2300:
2242:
2217:
2203:
2196:
2154:
2000:
1923:
1916:
1909:
1815:
1804:
1774:
1654:
1611:
1531:
1348:
666:
658:
511:
395:
191:
79:
41:
17:
1227:
1144:
1058:
873:
3048:
3034:
3027:
3020:
2951:
2872:
2840:
2826:
2758:
2733:
2705:
2674:
2667:
2646:
2639:
2612:
2556:
2472:
2417:
2231:
2224:
2133:
2084:
2063:
2049:
2042:
2035:
1986:
1956:
1937:
1790:
1015:
753:
629:
467:
453:
355:
246:
1340:
1466:. Bulletin of the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science. Vol. 61.
1461:
1439:
1085:
865:
2999:
2916:
2847:
2781:
2486:
2458:
2451:
2424:
2210:
2189:
2168:
2028:
2007:
1979:
1945:
1875:
1854:
1846:
1839:
1832:
1783:
681:
is also covered in this reticulate ornamentation. Some researchers believe that
54:
3173:
2719:
2698:
2563:
2528:
2444:
2369:
2334:
2327:
2140:
2070:
2021:
1756:
1523:
1512:
Earth and
Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
745:
99:
64:
669:, and the most characteristic is the center lachrymal entering margin of the
2965:
2881:
2712:
2397:
2362:
1993:
1861:
1202:
Branson and Mehl, 1929, a replacement name for the preoccupied temnospondyl
1050:
794:
778:
158:
104:
48:
1136:
1413:
619:
436:
and sunk all North American metoposaurids from the Chinle and Dockum into
428:
species endemic to the Popo Aggie Formation. Chowdhury (1965) synonymized
3167:
2861:
2549:
1972:
1749:
1596:
1460:
Tanner, Lawrence H.; Justin A. Spielmann; Spencer G. Lucas, eds. (2013).
766:
696:
642:
368:
178:
94:
89:
74:
69:
59:
1384:
1363:
904:
888:
3187:
2930:
2740:
420:
121:
109:
84:
1463:
The Triassic System: New Developments in Stratigraphy and Paleontology
1441:
The Triassic System: New Developments in Stratigraphy and Paleontology
965:. Albuquerque: New Mexico Museum of Natural History. pp. 292–300.
499:
the earliest available unpreoccupied name for the temnospondyl. Lucas
2802:
1590:
798:
744:
involved lying at the bottom of a shallow swamp, waiting for a fish,
372:
168:
3144:
1160:"Species discrimination of the Late Triassic temnospondyl amphibian
1101:
1034:
773:
included, were gone. It is likely that they went extinct during the
447:
as an advanced or highly derived form. Some specimens attributed to
386:
was erected by Branson (1905) from two metoposaurid skulls from the
1005:
980:
402:, was coined for the skull UC 447, while a second nominal species,
777:, along with the majority of other large amphibians, the class of
727:
670:
618:
489:
by Case in 1922, but in 2007, B.D. Mueller realized that the name
466:
1541:
577:(2019), where they redescribed the holotypes of the two nominal
134:
3148:
2298:
1720:
1583:
1545:
934:"Palaeos Vertebrates Temnospondyli: Trematosauria: Metaposaurs"
797:
fossils. It was named in 1931 by Case. The best conditions for
781:
and 34% of all marine genera. It is unknown what caused this
406:, was erected for the skull UC 448. Moodie (1908) considered
981:"Structure and Relationships of American Labyrinthodontidæ"
1319:
Gee, Bryan M.; Parker, William G.; Marsh, Adam D. (2020).
1481:(PhD thesis). Graduate College of the University of Iowa.
1220:
10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[225:KBAMAR]2.0.CO;2
765:
They lived mostly in the late Triassic; by the time the
601:
which has long been assigned to the various synonyms of
963:
Dawn of the age of dinosaurs in the American Southwest
394:("ripped up") was not explained but would derive from
1070:
1068:
253:
3157:
2989:
2871:
2816:
2757:
2684:
2622:
2434:
2407:
2311:
2241:
1955:
1892:
1814:
1773:
1733:
1680:
1653:
1626:
1291:
1289:
1028:
1026:
1090:Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
785:; hypotheses include huge volcanic eruptions (the
893:Journal of the Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science
526:of central New Mexico (the quarry at Lamy), the
1241:Lucas, SG; Rinehart, LF; Spielmann, JA (2008).
358:. These animals were part of the family called
974:
972:
848:Brusatte, Stephen L (2015). "A new species of
1557:
1302:Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology
1035:"The lateral line system in extinct amphibia"
8:
1364:"Revision of the Late Triassic metoposaurid
752:had this aquatic lifestyle. First, they had
375:age) in what is now the American Southwest.
362:, which filled the crocodile-like predatory
949:
947:
887:Hunt, Adrian P.; Lucas, Spencer G. (1993).
653:Other more minor skull traits characterize
354:("ripped up") is an extinct genus of large
3145:
2690:
2319:
2308:
2295:
1741:
1730:
1717:
1659:
1632:
1623:
1580:
1564:
1550:
1542:
1243:"Comments on the proposed conservation of
518:of Petrified Forest National Park and the
120:
31:
1383:
1014:
1004:
1362:Gee, Bryan M.; Kufner, Aaron M. (2022).
557:started when Romer (1947) proposed that
451:from the Redonda Formation were renamed
3247:Triassic temnospondyls of North America
831:
317:
284:
1433:
1431:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1407:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1084:Colbert, Edwin; Imbrie, John (1956).
789:is a prime example), climate change,
7:
1247:Case, 1922 (Amphibia) 2 (Case 3420)"
928:
926:
924:
922:
920:
918:
916:
914:
843:
841:
839:
837:
835:
1329:Journal of Systematic Palaeontology
1251:Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature
546:of the Chugwater Group of Wyoming.
1208:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1086:"Triassic metoposaurid amphibians"
854:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
787:Central Atlantic magmatic province
775:Triassic-Jurassic extinction event
25:
961:. In Lucas, SG; Hunt, AP (eds.).
418:with the Newark Supergroup genus
3129:
3128:
3079:
3072:
3066:
2281:
2275:
2269:
1298:"Review of the Labyrinthodontia"
474:skull, now thought to belong to
145:
510:fossils have been found in the
820:List of prehistoric amphibians
605:, was moved to its own genus,
581:species, and then synonymized
27:Extinct genus of temnospondyls
1:
3252:Fossil taxa described in 1905
1341:10.1080/14772019.2019.1602855
1171:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
390:of Wyoming. The generic name
866:10.1080/02724634.2014.912988
530:of northern New Mexico, the
3257:Taxa named by Edwin Branson
1477:McHugh, Julia Beth (2012).
769:began, most temnospondyls,
657:as well: elongation of the
633:(small) compared to a human
573:. This was followed by Gee
534:of western New Mexico, the
424:but retained it as a valid
3273:
542:of western Texas, and the
326:Borborophagus wyomingensis
3093:
3064:
2693:
2322:
2307:
2294:
2267:
1744:
1729:
1716:
1662:
1635:
1622:
1579:
1524:10.1017/S1755691011020020
1493:"End-Triassic extinction"
1162:Metoposaurus diagnosticus
532:Bluewater Creek Formation
328:Branson & Mehl, 1929
305:Branson & Mehl, 1929
289:Branson & Mehl, 1929
275:
268:
252:
245:
142:Scientific classification
140:
128:
119:
34:
561:was a senior synonym of
1497:Encyclopedia Britannica
1198:Mueller, B.D. (2007). "
1051:10.1002/jmor.1050190206
1033:Moodie, Roy L. (1908).
1016:2027/njp.32101055916710
979:Branson, E. B. (1905).
528:Petrified Forest Member
522:Quarry in Arizona, the
320:Anaschisma brachygnatha
1416:Koskinonodon perfectus
1137:10.1098/rstb.1965.0019
985:The Journal of Geology
737:
634:
524:Garita Creek Formation
478:
472:Koskinonodon perfectus
443:Hunt (1989) recovered
338:Koskinonodon perfectus
3209:Paleobiology Database
1366:"Metoposaurus" bakeri
1039:Journal of Morphology
815:Prehistoric amphibian
791:oceanic acidification
740:The hunting style of
731:
622:
538:of Pennsylvania, the
470:
18:Apachesaurus gregorii
1422:Encyclopedia of Life
1296:Romer, A.S. (1947).
732:Life restoration of
661:, shortening of the
536:New Oxford Formation
410:a junior synonym of
379:History of discovery
1385:10.7717/peerj.14065
1129:1965RSPTB.250....1C
997:1905JG.....13..568B
954:Hunt, A.P. (1989).
665:, reduction of the
544:Popo Agie Formation
485:was formerly named
388:Popo Agie Formation
332:Buettneria perfecta
2148:Stanocephalosaurus
2092:Quasicyclotosaurus
1321:"Redescription of
1158:Sulej, T. (2002).
738:
635:
479:
3224:
3223:
3151:Taxon identifiers
3142:
3141:
3089:
3088:
3062:
3061:
3058:
3057:
2903:Batrachosuchoides
2812:
2811:
2290:
2289:
2265:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2106:Promastodonsaurus
2078:Paracyclotosaurus
1712:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1700:
1699:
540:Tecovas Formation
514:, especially the
347:
346:
314:
281:
258:Anaschisma browni
241:
16:(Redirected from
3264:
3217:
3216:
3204:
3203:
3191:
3190:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3146:
3132:
3131:
3099:Trematosauroidea
3083:
3076:
3070:
2691:
2585:Trematosuchoides
2494:Indolyrocephalus
2466:Erythrobatrachus
2320:
2309:
2296:
2285:
2279:
2273:
2162:Subcyclotosaurus
2099:Procyclotosaurus
1931:Indobenthosuchus
1903:Chomatobatrachus
1742:
1731:
1718:
1660:
1633:
1624:
1617:
1616:
1581:
1566:
1559:
1552:
1543:
1536:
1535:
1518:(3–4): 231–260.
1507:
1501:
1500:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1457:
1446:
1445:
1435:
1426:
1425:
1412:Peredo, Carlos.
1409:
1390:
1389:
1387:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1293:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1280:
1271:. Archived from
1265:
1259:
1258:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1195:
1189:
1185:
1179:
1178:
1168:
1155:
1149:
1148:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1063:
1062:
1030:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1008:
976:
967:
966:
960:
951:
942:
941:
930:
909:
908:
884:
878:
877:
845:
516:Chinle Formation
457:by Hunt (1993).
313:Species synonymy
312:
279:
255:
236:
229:
216:
203:
190:
150:
149:
124:
114:
51:
40:Temporal range:
32:
21:
3272:
3271:
3267:
3266:
3265:
3263:
3262:
3261:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3220:
3212:
3207:
3199:
3194:
3186:
3181:
3172:
3171:
3166:
3153:
3143:
3138:
3124:Plagiosauroidea
3114:Brachyopomorpha
3109:Rhytidosteoidea
3104:Metoposauroidea
3085:
3084:
3054:
3014:Plagiobatrachus
2985:
2867:
2818:Chigutisauridae
2808:
2753:
2680:
2654:Buettnererpeton
2618:
2508:Lyrocephaliscus
2436:Trematosauridae
2430:
2403:
2356:Keratobrachyops
2349:Chinlestegophis
2316:
2303:
2286:
2257:
2237:
2120:Samarabatrachus
2015:Eocyclotosaurus
1951:
1888:
1810:
1769:
1738:
1725:
1696:
1676:
1649:
1643:Tetrapodomorpha
1628:Tetrapodomorpha
1618:
1606:Tetrapodomorpha
1586:
1585:
1575:
1570:
1540:
1539:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1491:
1490:
1486:
1476:
1475:
1471:
1459:
1458:
1449:
1437:
1436:
1429:
1411:
1410:
1393:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1295:
1294:
1287:
1278:
1276:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1240:
1239:
1235:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1182:
1166:
1157:
1156:
1152:
1114:
1113:
1109:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1066:
1032:
1031:
1024:
978:
977:
970:
958:
953:
952:
945:
932:
931:
912:
886:
885:
881:
847:
846:
833:
828:
811:
783:mass extinction
763:
726:
617:
608:Buettnererpeton
465:
408:A. brachygnatha
404:A. brachygnatha
381:
343:
316:
315:
308:
283:
282:
264:
261:
235:
227:
214:
201:
188:
144:
115:
113:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
46:
45:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3270:
3268:
3260:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3244:
3239:
3229:
3228:
3222:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3205:
3192:
3179:
3163:
3161:
3155:
3154:
3149:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3094:
3091:
3090:
3087:
3086:
3078:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3017:
3010:
3007:Megalophthalma
3003:
2995:
2993:
2991:Plagiosauridae
2987:
2986:
2984:
2983:
2976:
2969:
2962:
2955:
2948:
2941:
2938:Hadrokkosaurus
2934:
2927:
2920:
2913:
2910:Batrachosuchus
2906:
2899:
2896:Batrachosaurus
2892:
2885:
2877:
2875:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2865:
2858:
2855:Pelorocephalus
2851:
2844:
2837:
2830:
2822:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2806:
2799:
2792:
2785:
2778:
2771:
2763:
2761:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2723:
2716:
2709:
2702:
2694:
2688:
2686:Rhytidosteidae
2682:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2657:
2650:
2643:
2636:
2628:
2626:
2624:Metoposauridae
2620:
2619:
2617:
2616:
2609:
2602:
2595:
2588:
2581:
2574:
2567:
2560:
2553:
2546:
2543:Stoschiosaurus
2539:
2532:
2525:
2522:Panchetosaurus
2518:
2511:
2504:
2501:Inflectosaurus
2497:
2490:
2483:
2476:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2448:
2440:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2421:
2413:
2411:
2409:Benthosuchidae
2405:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2394:
2387:
2380:
2373:
2366:
2359:
2352:
2345:
2342:Callistomordax
2338:
2331:
2323:
2317:
2312:
2305:
2304:
2299:
2292:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2247:
2245:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2179:
2176:Vladlenosaurus
2172:
2165:
2158:
2151:
2144:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2113:Rhadalognathus
2109:
2102:
2095:
2088:
2081:
2074:
2067:
2060:
2057:Mastodonsaurus
2053:
2046:
2039:
2032:
2025:
2018:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1966:Antarctosuchus
1961:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1942:
1934:
1927:
1920:
1913:
1906:
1898:
1896:
1894:Lydekkerinidae
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1883:Uranocentrodon
1879:
1872:
1869:Rhinesuchoides
1865:
1858:
1851:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1825:Australerpeton
1820:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1801:
1794:
1787:
1779:
1777:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1767:
1764:Peltobatrachus
1760:
1753:
1745:
1739:
1736:Stereospondyli
1734:
1727:
1726:
1723:Stereospondyli
1721:
1714:
1713:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1686:
1684:
1682:Stereospondyli
1678:
1677:
1675:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1663:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1645:
1636:
1630:
1620:
1619:
1615:
1614:
1608:
1599:
1593:
1584:
1577:
1576:
1573:Stereospondyli
1571:
1569:
1568:
1561:
1554:
1546:
1538:
1537:
1502:
1484:
1469:
1447:
1427:
1391:
1354:
1335:(3): 233–258.
1311:
1285:
1260:
1233:
1190:
1180:
1150:
1107:
1076:
1064:
1045:(2): 511–540.
1022:
1006:10.1086/621258
991:(7): 568–610.
968:
943:
910:
879:
860:(3): e912988.
830:
829:
827:
824:
823:
822:
817:
810:
807:
762:
759:
736:chasing a fish
725:
722:
616:
613:
597:. The species
464:
459:
380:
377:
360:Metoposauridae
345:
344:
342:
341:
335:
329:
323:
322:Branson, 1905
311:
310:
309:
307:
306:
300:
290:
280:Genus synonymy
278:
277:
276:
273:
272:
266:
265:
262:
250:
249:
243:
242:
225:
221:
220:
218:Metoposauridae
212:
208:
207:
205:Stereospondyli
199:
195:
194:
186:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
138:
137:
126:
125:
117:
116:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
52:
39:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3269:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3242:Norian genera
3240:
3238:
3237:Metoposaurids
3235:
3234:
3232:
3215:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3184:
3180:
3175:
3169:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3147:
3135:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3119:Brachyopoidea
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3095:
3092:
3082:
3077:
3075:
3069:
3051:
3050:
3046:
3044:
3043:
3042:Plagiosternum
3039:
3037:
3036:
3032:
3030:
3029:
3025:
3023:
3022:
3018:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3009:
3008:
3004:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2992:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2980:Xenobrachyops
2977:
2975:
2974:
2970:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2959:Sinobrachyops
2956:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2947:
2946:
2945:Notobrachyops
2942:
2940:
2939:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2870:
2864:
2863:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2834:Chigutisaurus
2831:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2815:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2798:
2797:
2796:Indobrachyops
2793:
2791:
2790:
2786:
2784:
2783:
2779:
2777:
2776:
2772:
2770:
2769:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2750:
2749:
2748:Trucheosaurus
2745:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2736:
2735:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2727:Pneumatostega
2724:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2710:
2708:
2707:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2663:
2662:
2661:Dutuitosaurus
2658:
2656:
2655:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2637:
2635:
2634:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2606:Trematotegmen
2603:
2601:
2600:
2599:Trematosuchus
2596:
2594:
2593:
2592:Trematosaurus
2589:
2587:
2586:
2582:
2580:
2579:
2578:Trematolestes
2575:
2573:
2572:
2571:Tirraturhinus
2568:
2566:
2565:
2561:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2547:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2538:
2537:
2536:Prothoosuchus
2533:
2531:
2530:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2515:Microposaurus
2512:
2510:
2509:
2505:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2491:
2489:
2488:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2480:Hyperokynodon
2477:
2475:
2474:
2470:
2468:
2467:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2447:
2446:
2442:
2441:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2422:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2406:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2384:Rileymillerus
2381:
2379:
2378:
2374:
2372:
2371:
2367:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2344:
2343:
2339:
2337:
2336:
2332:
2330:
2329:
2325:
2324:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2314:Trematosauria
2310:
2306:
2302:
2301:Trematosauria
2297:
2293:
2284:
2280:
2278:
2272:
2251:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2243:Trematosauria
2240:
2234:
2233:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2218:Wetlugasaurus
2215:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2206:
2205:
2204:Watsonisuchus
2201:
2199:
2198:
2197:Warrenisuchus
2194:
2192:
2191:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2155:Stenotosaurus
2152:
2150:
2149:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2127:Sassenisaurus
2124:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2059:
2058:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2038:
2037:
2033:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2024:
2023:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2012:
2010:
2009:
2005:
2003:
2002:
2001:Cyclotosaurus
1998:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1924:Eolydekkerina
1921:
1919:
1918:
1917:Deltacephalus
1914:
1912:
1911:
1910:Cryobatrachus
1907:
1905:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1864:
1863:
1859:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1816:Rhinesuchidae
1813:
1807:
1806:
1805:Rotaurisaurus
1802:
1800:
1799:
1795:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1775:Lapillopsidae
1772:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1759:
1758:
1754:
1752:
1751:
1747:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1737:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1719:
1715:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1679:
1671:
1670:Temnospondyli
1667:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1655:Temnospondyli
1652:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1638:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1613:
1612:Temnospondyli
1609:
1607:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1592:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1567:
1562:
1560:
1555:
1553:
1548:
1547:
1544:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1506:
1503:
1498:
1494:
1488:
1485:
1480:
1473:
1470:
1465:
1464:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1442:
1434:
1432:
1428:
1423:
1419:
1417:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1386:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1367:
1358:
1355:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1324:
1315:
1312:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1275:on 2018-10-04
1274:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1257:(3): 218–219.
1256:
1252:
1248:
1246:
1237:
1234:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1206:Case, 1922".
1205:
1201:
1194:
1191:
1184:
1181:
1177:(3): 535–546.
1176:
1172:
1165:
1163:
1154:
1151:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1123:(761): 1–52.
1122:
1118:
1111:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1080:
1077:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
975:
973:
969:
964:
957:
950:
948:
944:
939:
935:
929:
927:
925:
923:
921:
919:
917:
915:
911:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
883:
880:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
844:
842:
840:
838:
836:
832:
825:
821:
818:
816:
813:
812:
808:
806:
804:
800:
799:fossilization
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
760:
758:
755:
754:lateral lines
751:
747:
743:
735:
730:
723:
721:
719:
715:
710:
706:
703:
698:
694:
690:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
667:interclavicle
664:
660:
656:
651:
649:
644:
640:
637:The skull of
632:
631:
626:
621:
614:
612:
610:
609:
604:
600:
596:
592:
591:Borborophagus
588:
584:
580:
576:
572:
571:Borborophagus
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
547:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
512:United States
509:
504:
502:
498:
494:
493:
488:
484:
477:
473:
469:
463:
460:
458:
456:
455:
450:
446:
441:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
422:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
396:Ancient Greek
393:
389:
385:
378:
376:
374:
370:
365:
361:
357:
356:temnospondyls
353:
352:
340:(Case, 1922)
339:
336:
333:
330:
327:
324:
321:
318:
304:
301:
298:
294:
291:
288:
287:Borborophagus
285:
274:
271:
267:
263:Branson, 1905
260:
259:
251:
248:
244:
239:
234:
233:
226:
223:
222:
219:
213:
210:
209:
206:
200:
197:
196:
193:
192:Temnospondyli
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
153:
148:
143:
139:
136:
132:
127:
123:
118:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
50:
47:227–208
43:
42:Late Triassic
37:
33:
30:
19:
3158:
3071:
3049:Plagiosuchus
3047:
3040:
3035:Plagioscutum
3033:
3028:Plagiosaurus
3026:
3021:Plagiorophus
3019:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2978:
2971:
2964:
2957:
2952:Platycepsion
2950:
2943:
2936:
2929:
2922:
2915:
2908:
2901:
2894:
2889:Bathignathus
2887:
2880:
2873:Brachyopidae
2860:
2853:
2846:
2841:Compsocerops
2839:
2832:
2827:Arenaerpeton
2825:
2801:
2794:
2787:
2780:
2773:
2766:
2759:Derwentiinae
2746:
2739:
2734:Rhytidosteus
2732:
2725:
2718:
2711:
2706:Mahavisaurus
2704:
2697:
2675:Panthasaurus
2673:
2668:Metoposaurus
2666:
2659:
2652:
2647:Arganasaurus
2645:
2640:Apachesaurus
2638:
2632:
2631:
2613:Wantzosaurus
2611:
2604:
2597:
2590:
2583:
2576:
2569:
2562:
2557:Tertremoides
2555:
2548:
2541:
2534:
2527:
2520:
2513:
2506:
2499:
2492:
2485:
2478:
2473:Gonioglyptus
2471:
2464:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2423:
2418:Benthosuchus
2416:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2361:
2354:
2347:
2340:
2333:
2326:
2274:
2232:Yuanansuchus
2230:
2225:Xenotosuchus
2223:
2216:
2209:
2202:
2195:
2188:
2181:
2174:
2167:
2160:
2153:
2146:
2139:
2134:Sclerothorax
2132:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2104:
2097:
2090:
2085:Parotosuchus
2083:
2076:
2069:
2064:Meyerosuchus
2062:
2055:
2050:Kupferzellia
2048:
2043:Kestrosaurus
2041:
2036:Jammerbergia
2034:
2027:
2020:
2013:
2006:
1999:
1992:
1987:Capitosaurus
1985:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1957:Capitosauria
1944:
1938:Luzocephalus
1936:
1929:
1922:
1915:
1908:
1901:
1881:
1874:
1867:
1860:
1853:
1845:
1838:
1831:
1823:
1803:
1796:
1791:Manubrantlia
1789:
1782:
1762:
1755:
1748:
1601:
1515:
1511:
1505:
1496:
1487:
1478:
1472:
1462:
1440:
1421:
1415:
1375:
1371:
1365:
1357:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1314:
1305:
1301:
1277:. Retrieved
1273:the original
1263:
1254:
1250:
1244:
1236:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1200:Koskinonodon
1199:
1193:
1183:
1174:
1170:
1161:
1153:
1120:
1116:
1110:
1093:
1089:
1079:
1042:
1038:
988:
984:
962:
937:
899:(1): 89–96.
896:
892:
882:
857:
853:
850:Metoposaurus
849:
802:
770:
764:
761:Paleoecology
750:Koskinonodon
749:
741:
739:
733:
724:Paleobiology
717:
713:
708:
707:
701:
692:
691:
686:
682:
678:
674:
654:
652:
647:
638:
636:
630:Apachesaurus
628:
627:(large) and
624:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
583:Koskinonodon
582:
578:
574:
570:
567:Koskinonodon
566:
562:
558:
554:
551:Koskinonodon
550:
549:Synonymy of
548:
519:
508:Koskinonodon
507:
505:
500:
497:Koskinonodon
496:
490:
486:
483:Koskinonodon
482:
480:
475:
471:
462:Koskinonodon
461:
454:Apachesaurus
452:
448:
444:
442:
437:
434:Metoposaurus
433:
429:
425:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
391:
383:
382:
350:
349:
348:
337:
331:
325:
319:
303:Koskinonodon
302:
292:
286:
257:
256:
247:Type species
231:
230:
130:
129:Skeleton of
35:
29:
3000:Gerrothorax
2917:Blinasaurus
2848:Koolasuchus
2782:Deltasaurus
2487:Icanosaurus
2459:Cosgriffius
2452:Aphaneramma
2425:Kwatisuchus
2391:Syrtosuchus
2211:Wellesaurus
2190:Volgasuchus
2183:Volgasaurus
2169:Tatrasuchus
2029:Heptasaurus
2008:Edingerella
1980:Calmasuchus
1946:Lydekkerina
1876:Rhinesuchus
1855:Rastosuchus
1847:Parapytanga
1840:Laccosaurus
1833:Broomistega
1798:Rhigerpeton
1784:Lapillopsis
1308:(1): 1–368.
1096:: 399–452.
938:palaeos.com
615:Description
611:, in 2022.
334:Case, 1922
297:preoccupied
295:Case 1922 (
3231:Categories
3159:Anaschisma
3097:See also:
2720:Peltostega
2699:Boreopelta
2633:Anaschisma
2564:Thoosuchus
2529:Platystega
2445:Angusaurus
2370:Latiscopus
2335:Bothriceps
2328:Almasaurus
2252:see below↓
2141:Selenocara
2071:Odenwaldia
2022:Eryosuchus
1757:Capulomala
1691:see below↓
1378:: e14065.
1323:Anaschisma
1279:2019-06-09
1245:Buettneria
1214:(1): 225.
1204:Buettneria
826:References
803:Anaschisma
771:Anaschisma
746:crustacean
742:Anaschisma
734:Anaschisma
718:Anaschisma
714:Anaschisma
709:Anaschisma
702:Anaschisma
693:Anaschisma
687:Anaschisma
683:Anaschisma
679:Anaschisma
675:Anaschisma
663:prefrontal
655:Anaschisma
648:Anaschisma
639:Anaschisma
625:Anaschisma
603:Anaschisma
595:Anaschisma
587:Buettneria
579:Anaschisma
563:Buettneria
559:Anaschisma
555:Anaschisma
492:Buettneria
487:Buettneria
481:The genus
476:Anaschisma
449:Anaschisma
445:Anaschisma
430:Anaschisma
416:Anaschisma
392:Anaschisma
384:Anaschisma
351:Anaschisma
293:Buettneria
232:Anaschisma
198:Suborder:
131:Anaschisma
36:Anaschisma
2966:Vanastega
2924:Brachyops
2882:Banksiops
2789:Derwentia
2775:Acerastia
2713:Nanolania
2398:Uruyiella
2363:Laidleria
1994:Cherninia
1862:Rhineceps
1589:Kingdom:
1532:140536630
1349:190896742
795:phytosaur
779:Conodonts
659:lachrymal
599:B. bakeri
520:Placerias
412:A. browni
400:A. browni
165:Kingdom:
159:Eukaryota
3174:Q4751797
3168:Wikidata
3134:Category
2973:Vigilius
2862:Siderops
2550:Tertrema
1973:Bukobaja
1750:Arachana
1597:Chordata
1595:Phylum:
1591:Animalia
1228:85763026
1145:86592771
1102:2246/431
1059:83822416
905:40023709
874:84007744
809:See also
767:Jurassic
697:palatine
643:anterior
623:Size of
369:Triassic
270:Synonyms
211:Family:
179:Chordata
175:Phylum:
169:Animalia
155:Domain:
3201:1155174
3188:4815788
2931:Gobiops
2768:Arcadia
2741:Sangaia
1610:Order:
1125:Bibcode
993:Bibcode
426:Eupelor
421:Eupelor
238:Branson
224:Genus:
185:Order:
133:at the
2803:Rewana
2377:Qantas
1530:
1347:
1226:
1188:67–97.
1143:
1057:
903:
872:
575:et al.
569:, and
506:Known
501:et al.
438:browni
373:Norian
364:niches
240:, 1905
3214:64933
3196:IRMNG
1602:Clade
1528:S2CID
1372:PeerJ
1345:S2CID
1224:S2CID
1167:(PDF)
1141:S2CID
1055:S2CID
959:(PDF)
901:JSTOR
870:S2CID
671:orbit
593:with
553:with
432:with
3183:GBIF
1668:see
1641:see
589:and
135:AMNH
55:PreꞒ
1520:doi
1516:101
1380:doi
1337:doi
1216:doi
1133:doi
1121:250
1098:hdl
1094:110
1047:doi
1011:hdl
1001:doi
862:doi
3233::
3211::
3198::
3185::
3170::
1604::
1526:.
1514:.
1495:.
1450:^
1430:^
1420:.
1394:^
1376:10
1374:.
1370:.
1343:.
1333:18
1331:.
1327:.
1306:99
1304:.
1300:.
1288:^
1255:65
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1212:27
1210:.
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1173:.
1169:.
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1131:.
1119:.
1092:.
1088:.
1067:^
1053:.
1043:19
1041:.
1037:.
1025:^
1009:.
999:.
989:13
987:.
983:.
971:^
946:^
936:.
913:^
897:27
895:.
891:.
868:.
858:35
856:.
834:^
650:.
585:,
565:,
440:.
299:)
105:Pg
49:Ma
44:,
1941:?
1850:?
1828:?
1565:e
1558:t
1551:v
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1424:.
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1230:.
1218::
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1147:.
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1104:.
1100::
1061:.
1049::
1019:.
1013::
1003::
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940:.
907:.
876:.
864::
371:(
254:†
228:†
215:†
202:†
189:†
110:N
100:K
95:J
90:T
85:P
80:C
75:D
70:S
65:O
60:Ꞓ
20:)
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