177:; in fact, parallels to their teaching, mostly founded on literal interpretations of Scripture texts, may be found in many non-church bodies. They forbade the taking of oaths, apparently permitting perjury in case of need, and rejected capital punishment; their close intercourse with their "apostolic sisters" gave rise to serious accusations against their morals, though they themselves boasted of their purity, and considered the conquest of temptation so close at hand as especially meritorious.
343:
295:
65:, a native of Alzano in the territory of Parma. He was of low birth and without education, applied for membership in the Franciscan order at Parma, and was rejected. Ultimately he resolved to devote himself to the restoration of what he conceived to be the apostolic manner of life. Most of the spirit of the movement continued in the
109:
A time of persecution followed. At Parma in 1294 four members of the sect were burned, and
Segarelli was condemned to perpetual imprisonment. Six years later he was made to confess a relapse into heresies which he had abjured, and was burned in Parma on July 18, 1300. A man of greater gifts now took
161:
by the spirit of worldliness, as well as against the manner in which the other orders kept their vows, particularly that of poverty. In itself the project might have seemed harmless enough, not differing greatly from the way in which other founders had begun. When the order was prohibited, however,
77:
In roughly 1260, Segarelli assumed a costume patterned after representations which he had seen of the apostles, sold his house, scattered the price in the market-place, and went out to preach repentance as a mendicant brother. He found disciples, and the new order of penitents spread throughout
324:
We perpetually forbid absolutely all the forms of religious life and the mendicant orders founded after the said council which have not merited confirmation of the apostolic see, and we suppress them in so far as they have spread
156:
The ideal which the
Apostolic Brethren strove to realize was a life of perfect sanctity, in complete poverty, with no fixed domicile, no care for the morrow, and no vows. It was a protest against the invasion of the
2089:
386:
1155:
357:
310:
1800:
949:
2013:
133:
campaign against the crusaders who had been summoned to put him down. Cold and hunger were still more dangerous enemies; and finally the remnant of his forces were captured by the
419:
137:: about 150 persons in all, including Dolcino himself and his "spiritual sister," Margareta, both of whom, refusing to recant, were burned at the stake on June 1, 1307.
1165:
912:
197:
They lived a simple life of fasting and prayer; often they worked to earn enough to eat, otherwise living off charity, preaching, and always invoking penitence.
724:
1432:
193:
All who believed were together, and had all things in common. They sold their possessions and goods, and distributed them to all, according as anyone had need.
1447:
1896:
1469:
573:
775:
140:
This was really the end of the sect's history. Later, in the middle of the century, traces of their activity are found, especially in northern Italy,
1941:
2084:
1891:
1198:
811:
121:
As the head of the group, who were in daily expectation of seeing the judgment of God on the Church, he maintained in the mountainous districts of
1203:
330:
2048:
1916:
1160:
1068:
799:
719:
667:
465:
677:
412:
1649:
90:
threw him into prison, then kept him awhile in his palace as a source of amusement, and in 1286 banished him from the diocese. All new
1247:
1150:
1886:
169:
Persecution embittered their opposition; the Church, in their eyes, had fallen completely away from apostolic holiness, and become
1664:
1563:
1022:
555:
550:
545:
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1749:
1479:
1218:
1175:
1058:
1048:
858:
821:
495:
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480:
475:
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460:
2063:
2031:
1858:
1777:
1454:
1208:
978:
894:
785:
2053:
2043:
1464:
1262:
1232:
1073:
924:
877:
615:
1242:
1606:
1252:
1237:
1223:
1130:
1120:
610:
1257:
1125:
929:
366:
2036:
1519:
983:
873:
185:
The
Apostolics did not have a fully developed theory, Segarelli being uneducated. They based their belief on the
28:
2058:
2026:
1921:
1601:
1414:
907:
843:
1269:
1145:
1027:
826:
428:
258:
326:
1989:
1876:
1494:
1115:
1036:
444:
305:
95:
1984:
1926:
1817:
1812:
1690:
1684:
1484:
1032:
997:
902:
816:
598:
1110:
1974:
1931:
1881:
1669:
1621:
1616:
1591:
1427:
1381:
1284:
1274:
1103:
954:
868:
640:
630:
593:
212:
186:
118:, and a member of the order since 1291, an eloquent, enthusiastic utterer of apocalyptic prophecies.
1998:
1979:
1807:
1719:
1714:
1641:
1442:
1359:
1334:
1213:
1193:
1140:
1041:
939:
836:
804:
748:
173:, the persecutor of the saints. Their apocalyptic utterances and expectations are a link with the
1946:
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1531:
1508:
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919:
863:
853:
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439:
202:
134:
1017:
1871:
1790:
1785:
1739:
1734:
1679:
1548:
1344:
729:
650:
588:
298: One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication in the
170:
115:
27:
This article is about a medieval
Christian sect. For modern movements with similar names, see
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352:
130:
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2004:
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314:. Vol. 1 (third ed.). London and New York: Funk and Wagnalls. pp. 243â244.
2008:
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1514:
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1329:
1279:
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758:
578:
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1936:
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1744:
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and other churchmen only scoffed at
Segarelli's eccentric ways; but about 1280 the
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17:
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1437:
1408:
1349:
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1183:
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682:
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83:
1956:
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1289:
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763:
707:
702:
392:
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1901:
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1309:
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988:
712:
66:
397:
1795:
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1314:
1007:
753:
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697:
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the refusal to submit to ecclesiastical authority stamped its members as
126:
79:
327:
http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Valley/8920/churchcouncils/Ecum14.htm
1832:
1762:
1422:
1386:
848:
768:
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163:
145:
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346: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
102:
issued a severe reprobation of the
Apostolic Brethren in 1286, and
1396:
141:
58:
1093:
54:
401:
358:
CyclopĂŚdia, or an
Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences
2090:
Christian religious orders established in the 13th century
2014:
311:
94:
without papal sanction having been prohibited by the
1857:
1776:
1705:
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893:
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361:(1st ed.). James and John Knapton, et al.
413:
8:
387:History of Science Encyclopedia: Apostoloci
1490:
420:
406:
398:
148:, but these were only isolated survivals.
61:in the latter half of the 13th century by
1838:Fostering of early experimental science
241:
1942:Fundamentalist â Modernist controversy
375:
364:
308:. In Jackson, Samuel Macauley (ed.).
7:
249:
247:
245:
206:(make penitence) soon misspelled as
25:
341:
293:
2085:History of Catholicism in Italy
110:the lead of the sect. This was
1801:Separation of church and state
1470:Formal and material principles
1455:Separation of church and state
1:
1465:Hymnody of continental Europe
616:Apostles in the New Testament
210:and cited in present days by
114:, the son of a priest in the
82:and beyond it. At first the
913:Eastern Orthodox opposition
393:Catholic Encyclopedia entry
2106:
930:Art patronage of Julius II
38:(sometimes referred to as
26:
2022:
1433:CalvinistâArminian debate
435:
29:Apostolic United Brethren
1922:Christian existentialism
429:History of Christianity
259:Encyclopedia Britannica
1990:Fourth Great Awakening
1877:Second Great Awakening
1116:Fall of Constantinople
908:Development of primacy
304:Sachsse, Hugo (1908).
195:
96:Second Council of Lyon
1985:Reformed epistemology
1927:Third Great Awakening
1897:Seventh-day Adventist
1818:First Great Awakening
1691:Book of Common Prayer
1485:Protestant work ethic
1028:Independent Catholics
979:Monastery dissolution
191:
1808:Edicts of toleration
1617:Three Forms of Unity
1382:Bohemian Reformation
955:Catholic Reformation
812:Roman state religion
631:Council of Jerusalem
306:"Apostolic Brethren"
213:The Name of the Rose
187:Acts of the Apostles
106:renewed it in 1290.
57:founded in northern
1980:Liberation theology
1887:Jehovah's Witnesses
1720:Radical Reformation
1448:Resistance theories
1335:Christian mysticism
1330:Early Scholasticism
1042:Ecclesial community
940:Counter-Reformation
805:Constantinian shift
2054:Oriental Orthodoxy
1697:King James Version
1509:Ninety-five Theses
1305:Apostolic Brethren
1079:Church of the East
1074:Oriental Orthodoxy
920:Crusading movement
440:Early Christianity
203:Poenitentiam agite
135:bishop of Vercelli
67:Dulcinian movement
36:Apostolic Brethren
18:Apostolic Brothers
2072:
2071:
2049:Eastern Orthodoxy
1917:Finnish Awakening
1872:Holiness movement
1813:Congregationalism
1772:
1771:
1632:Metrical psalters
1069:Eastern Orthodoxy
1013:Neo-Scholasticism
720:Canon development
621:Jewish Christians
374:Missing or empty
367:cite encyclopedia
353:Chambers, Ephraim
171:Babylon the Great
116:diocese of Novara
16:(Redirected from
2097:
1491:
878:Non-Chalcedonian
859:Constantinople I
651:General epistles
646:Pauline epistles
626:Paul the Apostle
604:Great Commission
422:
415:
408:
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383:
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322:
316:
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297:
296:
291:
270:
269:
267:
266:
251:
200:Their maxim was
131:guerilla warfare
100:Pope Honorius IV
92:mendicant orders
63:Gerard Segarelli
21:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2094:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2068:
2018:
2005:Christian right
1907:Oxford Movement
1882:Restorationists
1853:
1768:
1701:
1636:
1587:Presbyterianism
1558:
1538:Book of Concord
1489:
1413:
1411:
1403:
1170:
1060:
1053:
889:
788:
780:
739:Clement of Rome
669:
662:
566:
560:
449:
431:
426:
373:
363:
351:
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323:
319:
303:
294:
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243:
238:
226:
183:
154:
88:Bishop of Parma
75:
32:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2103:
2101:
2093:
2092:
2087:
2077:
2076:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2051:
2046:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2034:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2002:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1970:Pentecostalism
1967:
1965:Jesus movement
1962:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1904:
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
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1803:
1793:
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1782:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1770:
1769:
1767:
1766:
1759:
1756:Martyrs Mirror
1752:
1747:
1742:
1740:Martyrs' Synod
1737:
1732:
1730:Swiss Brethren
1727:
1722:
1717:
1711:
1709:
1703:
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1700:
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1522:
1517:
1512:
1499:
1497:
1488:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1475:Law and Gospel
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
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1440:
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1430:
1425:
1419:
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1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
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1362:
1352:
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1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
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1307:
1302:
1297:
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1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1266:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
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1230:
1229:
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1227:
1226:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1180:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1156:Ottoman Empire
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1065:
1063:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1030:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
986:
981:
976:
971:
970:
969:
968:
967:
957:
952:
947:
937:
932:
927:
922:
917:
916:
915:
910:
899:
897:
891:
890:
888:
887:
885:Biblical canon
882:
881:
880:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
840:
839:
834:
824:
819:
814:
809:
808:
807:
796:
794:
786:Late antiquity
782:
781:
779:
778:
773:
772:
771:
766:
761:
756:
751:
746:
741:
734:Church Fathers
727:
722:
717:
716:
715:
710:
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695:
690:
685:
674:
672:
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663:
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628:
623:
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562:
561:
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463:
457:
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450:
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436:
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427:
425:
424:
417:
410:
402:
396:
395:
390:
384:
355:, ed. (1728).
336:
335:
317:
271:
240:
239:
237:
234:
233:
232:
230:Restorationism
225:
222:
208:Penitençagite!
182:
179:
153:
150:
74:
71:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2102:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2065:
2062:
2060:
2059:Protestantism
2057:
2055:
2052:
2050:
2047:
2045:
2042:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2021:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1932:Azusa Revival
1930:
1928:
1925:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1912:Laestadianism
1910:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1850:
1849:Old Lutherans
1846:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1835:
1834:
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1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
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1806:
1802:
1799:
1798:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1787:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1775:
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1760:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1751:
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1746:
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1726:
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1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
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1710:
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1704:
1698:
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1692:
1688:
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1678:
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1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
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1643:
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1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1561:
1555:
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1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1539:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1515:Diet of Worms
1513:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1492:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1415:Protestantism
1410:
1406:
1398:
1395:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1356:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1234:
1231:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1201:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1167:
1166:North America
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
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