385:
28:
122:
2.Article 35(1) of
Regulation No 44/2001 does not authorise the court of a Member State to refuse recognition or enforcement of a judgment given by the courts of another Member State concerning land situated in an area of the latter State over which its Government does not exercise effective control.
372:
Due to the island's division, the judgement reached by the
Cypriot court was not directly enforceable, hence Mr Apostolides used EU regulations to have it registered and applied against the Orams' assets in the UK. The procedure for the enforcement of judgements between Member States of the European
340:
functioning entity, remains an unrecognised state internationally. Mr
Apostolides' case centred on the argument that although following the Turkish invasion the government of Cyprus had lost effective control over the northern part of the island, its laws still applied even if these were not easily
128:
4.The recognition or enforcement of a default judgment cannot be refused under
Article 34(2) of Regulation No 44/2001 where the defendant was able to commence proceedings to challenge the default judgment and those proceedings enabled him to argue that he had not been served with the document which
418:
The case was then returned to the Court of Appeal in
England which decided in favour of Meletios Apostolides on 19 January 2010. According to one of the judges of the Court of Appeal panel, under the current system, this decision is final and no further escalation is possible. However, the Orams
859:
116:(EC) No 44/2001 of 22 December 2000 on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters to a judgment which is given by a Cypriot court sitting in the area of the island effectively controlled by the Cypriot Government, but concerns land situated in
111:
in those areas of the
Republic of Cyprus in which the Government of that Member State does not exercise effective control, provided for by Article 1(1) of Protocol No 10 on Cyprus to the Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of
125:
3. The fact that a judgment given by the courts of a Member State, concerning land situated in an area of that State over which its
Government does not exercise effective control, cannot, as a practical matter, be enforced where the land is situated does not constitute a ground for refusal of
112:
Cyprus, the
Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Republic of Poland, the Republic of Slovenia and the Slovak Republic and the adjustments to the Treaties on which the European Union is founded, does not preclude the application of
570:
473:
Following the final ruling by the Court of Appeal in
England, Meletios Apostolides' lawyer Constantis Candounas stated that he was considering similar lawsuits against foreign tourists using hotels in the TRNC that were owned by Greek Cypriots previous to the partition of Cyprus.
855:
786:
446:
of the
European Court of Justice in Luxembourg. A panel of judges ruled on 28 April 2009 that British courts were able to enforce the judicial decisions made in Cyprus, which uphold the property rights of Cypriots forced out during the invasion.
975:
790:
1059:
317:
state which, to this day, has not been recognised by any state except the Republic of Turkey. The Orams used the property in northern Cyprus for vacations and maintained a separate property in the UK.
1033:
985:
1094:
328:
giving the opportunity to displaced Cypriots to visit their old properties. Meletios Apostolides visited his property and confirmed the construction of the house occupied by the Orams.
126:
recognition or enforcement under Article 34(1) of Regulation No 44/2001 and it does not mean that such a judgment is unenforceable for the purposes of Article 38(1) of that regulation.
856:"Judgment of the UK Court of Appeal (England and Wales) (Civil Division) in the Case of Meletios Apostolides V. David Charles Orams & Linda Elizabeth Orams January 19, 2010"
1099:
1007:
309:
of their retirement fund to acquire the land from a third party and to construct a villa on the premises. The third party claimed to have acquired the property from the
501:
1067:
692:
890:
917:
1037:
1119:
426:
On 26 March 2010, the U.K. Supreme Court refused permission for the Orams to take the case to appeal, effectively bringing it to a conclusion. The
483:
354:
pay Mr Apostolides various sums by way of special damages and monthly rental charges (including interest) until the judgement was complied with
336:
Meletios Apostolides took his case to the Nicosia District court, demanding that the Orams vacate his property. Northern Cyprus, although a
129:
instituted the proceedings or with the equivalent document in sufficient time and in such a way as to enable him to arrange for his defence.
325:
842:
420:
310:
954:
628:
1109:
548:
196:
467:
278:
does not exercise effective control in northern Cyprus, cases decided in its courts are applicable through European Union law.
1011:
291:
647:
838:
348:
demolish the villa, swimming pool and fencing which they had erected on what the court regarded as Mr Apostolides' land
593:
688:
357:
refrain from continuing with the unlawful intervention on the land, whether personally or through their agents, and
295:
271:
381:. He argued that due to its political nature, the wife of a Prime Minister should not be involved in such a case.
1104:
443:
405:
263:
147:
134:
32:
459:
as it sets a precedent for other Cypriots (primarily Greek Cypriot refugees) to bring similar actions to court.
762:
249:
882:
1114:
643:
463:
364:
The Orams appealed this decision, which was heard at the supreme court of Cyprus. The appeal was dismissed.
912:
828:
495:
749:
393:
176:
360:
pay various sums in respect of the costs and expenses of the proceedings (with interest on those sums).
68:
201:
108:
980:
630:
Reflets, Informations rapides sur les développements juridiques présentant un intérêt communautaire
620:
378:
97:
Court of Appeal (England), Civil Division, judgment of 19 June 2007 (2153/2007 ; A2/2006/2114)
835:
489:
113:
774:
373:
Union is provided by Regulation No 44/2001. The Orams were represented in the English courts by
286:
In 1974, Meletios Apostolides, an architect, was displaced with his family from his property in
206:
191:
158:
951:
267:
222:
142:
526:
958:
921:
661:
456:
244:
745:
976:"Landmark court ruling means Britons could be forced to return homes in northern Cyprus"
818:, 1 All ER (Comm) 992, 4 EG 112, ILPr 20 (19 January 2010); case No: A2/2006/2114
384:
815:
598:
306:
227:
538:
1088:
831:
211:
186:
47:
939:
666:
374:
926:
181:
940:
Applications for permission to appeal, March/April 2010, case ID UKSC 2010/0032
507:
171:
430:
reported that the Orams' had abandoned the property rather than demolish it.
714:
470:
have issued warnings regarding the purchase of property in northern Cyprus.
27:
787:"Greek Cypriots can reclaim land – possible impact on holiday home owners"
396:
ruled in favour of the Orams. Mr Apostolides appealed the decision at the
287:
324:
administration of northern Cyprus eased crossing restrictions along the
691:. The Court of Justice of the European Communities. 22 December 2000.
275:
86:
52:
Meletios Apostolides v David Charles Orams and Linda Elizabeth Orams
344:
In November 2004, the Nicosia District Court ordered the Orams to:
383:
763:"Northern Cyprus and the Acquis Communautaire", February 23, 2008
351:
deliver immediately to Mr Apostolides free possession of the land
397:
302:
117:
719:
543:
401:
841:
is that the present appeal is final. A further appeal to the
662:"Cherie Booth's role in Cyprus land dispute angers president"
748:, 1 WLR 241, 1 All ER (Comm) 1 (6 September 2006),
619:
A French summary of the judgement of the Cypriot court (
290:
as a result of the partition of Cyprus which followed a
270:
to reclaim land in northern Cyprus, displaced after the
411:
The ECJ in turn ruled in favour of Mr Apostolides (see
377:, an action criticised by the then president of Cyprus
301:
In 2002, David Charles and Linda Elizabeth Orams, from
594:"U.K. Couple Must Demolish Cyprus Home, EU Court Says"
775:"ECJ: AG Opinion in “Apostolides”", December 20, 2008
266:on 28 April 2009. It concerned the right for Greek
237:
133:
101:
93:
82:
74:
64:
56:
46:
39:
20:
592:Bodoni, Stephanie; Simon Packard (28 April 2009).
1036:. Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Archived from
789:. Holiday Lettings. 29 April 2009. Archived from
502:Greek Cypriots, et al. v. TRNC and HSBC Bank USA
1095:Court of Justice of the European Union case law
827:Paragraph 102 of the Court of Appeal judgment (
650:, Πολιτική Έφεση Αρ. 121/2005, 21 December 2006
412:
750:High Court of Justice (Queen's Bench Division)
648:DAVID CHARLES ORAMS κ.α ν. ΜΕΛΕΤΗΣ ΑΠΟΣΤΟΛΙΔΗΣ
8:
1060:"Northern Cyprus hotel visitors may be sued"
969:
967:
623:Lefkosias, case no. 9968/04, 19 April 2005,
107:1. The suspension of the application of the
527:"ECJ Judgment: Apostolides", April 29, 2009
274:in 1974. The case determined that although
248:Interprets Protocol No 10 on Cyprus of the
1066:. Reuters. 22 January 2010. Archived from
573:. European Court of Justice. 28 April 2009
455:The case has been described as a landmark
1100:Court of Appeal (England and Wales) cases
1010:. British High Commission. Archived from
262:is a landmark legal case decided in the
914:Orams packing up but hoping to stay put
518:
484:Northern Cyprus and the European Union
17:
862:from the original on 12 February 2010
368:Legal proceeding in England and Wales
7:
893:from the original on 22 January 2010
689:"Council Regulation (EC) No 44/2001"
974:Waterfield, Bruno (29 April 2009).
843:Supreme Court of the United Kingdom
715:"Cypriot anger at Cherie land case"
421:Supreme Court of the United Kingdom
311:Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
695:from the original on 14 April 2009
660:Smith, Helena (19 December 2005).
551:from the original on 29 April 2009
14:
834:): "The effect of article 44 [of
746:[2006] EWHC 2226 (QB)
539:"Greek Cypriots can reclaim land"
26:
1120:2010 in United Kingdom case law
952:"End of the road for the Orams"
881:Dixon, Suzi (19 January 2010).
468:Foreign and Commonwealth Office
625:Apostolidis v. D. and L. Orams
1:
812:Apostolides v Orams & Ors
197:Aindrias Ó Caoimh (barrister)
961:, Cyprus Mail, 1 April 2010.
752:, case no: QB/2005/PTA/0897.
305:, Sussex, England, invested
40:Submitted 13 September 2007
1136:
434:Legal proceeding in the EU
332:Legal proceeding in Cyprus
296:Turkish invasion of Cyprus
272:Turkish invasion of Cyprus
245:Regulation (EC) No 44/2001
816:[2010] EWCA Civ 9
406:European Court of Justice
264:European Court of Justice
242:
233:
220:
164:
153:
148:Rosario Silva de Lapuerta
140:
106:
33:European Court of Justice
25:
957:9 September 2010 at the
632:, Nº 1/2006, pages 15–16
1110:2009 in Northern Cyprus
920:30 January 2010 at the
644:Supreme Court of Cyprus
464:British High Commission
419:tried to appeal to the
392:In September 2006, the
388:Royal Courts of Justice
118:areas not so controlled
496:Human rights in Turkey
408:(ECJ), in Luxembourg.
389:
282:Background to the case
83:Nationality of parties
1034:"Purchasing Property"
942:, U.K. Supreme Court.
883:"The end of a dream?"
621:Eparchiako Dikastirio
394:High Court of Justice
387:
250:2003 Accession Treaty
238:Legislation affecting
177:Christiaan Timmermans
42:Decided 28 April 2009
742:Orams v. Apostolides
109:acquis communautaire
981:The Daily Telegraph
887:The Daily Telegraph
773:Veronika Gaertner,
761:Veronika Gaertner,
525:Veronika Gaertner,
442:, was heard by the
440:Apostolides v Orams
438:The case C-420/07,
379:Tassos Papadopoulos
294:and the subsequent
259:Apostolides v Orams
21:Apostolides v Orams
845:is not permitted."
836:Council Regulation
723:. 17 December 2005
627:) is available in
490:Loizidou v. Turkey
466:in Cyprus and the
413:next section below
390:
292:Greek Cypriot coup
114:Council Regulation
94:Procedural history
89:and United Kingdom
1008:"Buying property"
930:, 27 January 2010
547:. 28 April 2009.
255:
254:
159:Vassilios Skouris
135:Court composition
1127:
1105:2009 in case law
1080:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1019:
1014:on 12 April 2009
1004:
998:
997:
995:
993:
984:. Archived from
971:
962:
949:
943:
937:
931:
909:
903:
902:
900:
898:
878:
872:
871:
869:
867:
852:
846:
825:
819:
809:
803:
802:
800:
798:
783:
777:
771:
765:
759:
753:
739:
733:
732:
730:
728:
711:
705:
704:
702:
700:
685:
679:
678:
676:
674:
657:
651:
641:
635:
617:
611:
610:
608:
606:
589:
583:
582:
580:
578:
567:
561:
560:
558:
556:
535:
529:
523:
404:the case to the
268:Cypriot refugees
223:Advocate General
143:Judge-Rapporteur
30:
18:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1085:
1084:
1083:
1073:
1071:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1043:
1041:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1017:
1015:
1006:
1005:
1001:
991:
989:
973:
972:
965:
959:Wayback Machine
950:
946:
938:
934:
922:Wayback Machine
911:Simon Bahceli,
910:
906:
896:
894:
880:
879:
875:
865:
863:
858:. PR newswire.
854:
853:
849:
826:
822:
810:
806:
796:
794:
785:
784:
780:
772:
768:
760:
756:
740:
736:
726:
724:
713:
712:
708:
698:
696:
687:
686:
682:
672:
670:
659:
658:
654:
642:
638:
618:
614:
604:
602:
591:
590:
586:
576:
574:
571:"Case C‑420/07"
569:
568:
564:
554:
552:
537:
536:
532:
524:
520:
516:
480:
453:
436:
398:Court of Appeal
370:
334:
284:
247:
226:
216:
202:Jiří Malenovský
157:
146:
127:
124:
121:
41:
35:
12:
11:
5:
1133:
1131:
1123:
1122:
1117:
1115:Cyprus dispute
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1070:on 6 June 2011
1051:
1040:on 20 May 2009
1025:
999:
963:
944:
932:
904:
873:
847:
820:
804:
778:
766:
754:
734:
706:
680:
652:
636:
612:
599:Bloomberg L.P.
584:
562:
530:
517:
515:
512:
511:
510:
505:
498:
493:
486:
479:
476:
452:
449:
435:
432:
400:which in turn
369:
366:
362:
361:
358:
355:
352:
349:
333:
330:
326:ceasefire line
283:
280:
253:
252:
240:
239:
235:
234:
231:
230:
228:Juliane Kokott
218:
217:
215:
214:
209:
204:
199:
194:
189:
184:
179:
174:
168:
162:
161:
151:
150:
138:
137:
131:
130:
104:
103:
99:
98:
95:
91:
90:
84:
80:
79:
76:
72:
71:
66:
62:
61:
58:
54:
53:
50:
48:Full case name
44:
43:
37:
36:
31:
23:
22:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1132:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1092:
1090:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1055:
1052:
1039:
1035:
1029:
1026:
1013:
1009:
1003:
1000:
988:on 2 May 2009
987:
983:
982:
977:
970:
968:
964:
960:
956:
953:
948:
945:
941:
936:
933:
929:
928:
923:
919:
916:
915:
908:
905:
892:
888:
884:
877:
874:
861:
857:
851:
848:
844:
840:
837:
833:
830:
824:
821:
817:
813:
808:
805:
793:on 2 May 2009
792:
788:
782:
779:
776:
770:
767:
764:
758:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
735:
722:
721:
716:
710:
707:
694:
690:
684:
681:
669:
668:
663:
656:
653:
649:
645:
640:
637:
633:
631:
626:
622:
616:
613:
601:
600:
595:
588:
585:
572:
566:
563:
550:
546:
545:
540:
534:
531:
528:
522:
519:
513:
509:
506:
504:
503:
499:
497:
494:
492:
491:
487:
485:
482:
481:
477:
475:
471:
469:
465:
460:
458:
450:
448:
445:
444:Grand Chamber
441:
433:
431:
429:
424:
422:
416:
414:
409:
407:
403:
399:
395:
386:
382:
380:
376:
367:
365:
359:
356:
353:
350:
347:
346:
345:
342:
341:enforceable.
339:
331:
329:
327:
323:
320:In 2003, the
318:
316:
312:
308:
304:
299:
297:
293:
289:
281:
279:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
260:
251:
246:
241:
236:
232:
229:
225:
224:
219:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
187:Koen Lenaerts
185:
183:
180:
178:
175:
173:
170:
169:
167:
163:
160:
156:
152:
149:
145:
144:
139:
136:
132:
119:
115:
110:
105:
100:
96:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:Grand Chamber
77:
73:
70:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
49:
45:
38:
34:
29:
24:
19:
16:
1072:. Retrieved
1068:the original
1063:
1054:
1042:. Retrieved
1038:the original
1028:
1016:. Retrieved
1012:the original
1002:
990:. Retrieved
986:the original
979:
947:
935:
925:
913:
907:
895:. Retrieved
886:
876:
864:. Retrieved
850:
829:Lord Justice
823:
811:
807:
795:. Retrieved
791:the original
781:
769:
757:
741:
737:
725:. Retrieved
718:
709:
697:. Retrieved
683:
671:. Retrieved
667:The Guardian
665:
655:
639:
629:
624:
615:
597:
587:
575:. Retrieved
565:
553:. Retrieved
542:
533:
521:
500:
488:
472:
461:
454:
451:Implications
439:
437:
427:
425:
417:
410:
391:
375:Cherie Blair
371:
363:
343:
337:
335:
321:
319:
314:
300:
285:
258:
257:
256:
221:
192:Marko Ilešič
165:
154:
141:
15:
927:Cyprus Mail
428:Cyprus Mail
243:Interprets
182:Allan Rosas
1089:Categories
1074:22 January
1064:Gulf Times
897:22 January
866:29 January
839:No 44/2001
603:Retrieved
514:References
508:Annan Plan
313:(TRNC), a
212:Uno Lõhmus
207:Ján Klučka
172:Peter Jann
69:62007J0420
462:Both the
457:test case
155:President
1044:29 April
1018:29 April
992:29 April
955:Archived
918:Archived
891:Archived
860:Archived
727:29 April
699:29 April
693:Archived
673:29 April
605:29 April
577:29 April
555:29 April
549:Archived
478:See also
402:referred
338:de facto
322:de facto
315:de facto
307:£160,000
288:Lapithos
60:C-420/07
75:Chamber
65:CelexID
276:Cyprus
166:Judges
102:Ruling
87:Cyprus
832:Lloyd
814:
797:8 May
744:
1076:2010
1046:2009
1020:2009
994:2009
899:2010
868:2010
799:2009
729:2009
701:2009
675:2009
607:2009
579:2009
557:2009
303:Hove
57:Case
720:BBC
544:BBC
415:).
1091::
1062:.
978:.
966:^
924:,
889:.
885:.
717:.
664:.
646:,
596:.
541:.
423:.
298:.
120:.
1078:.
1048:.
1022:.
996:.
901:.
870:.
801:.
731:.
703:.
677:.
634:.
609:.
581:.
559:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
