27:
1251:
the Vital Air that constitutes the life-breath of a living body is also the life-breath of all mantras, all vedas and all vedic declarations (cf. 2.2.2 of
Aitareya Aranyaka). It is in this portion of the Aranyaka that one finds specific statements about how one who follows the vedic injunctions and performs the sacrifices goes to become the God of Fire, or the Sun or Air and how one who transgresses the Vedic prescriptions is born into lower levels of being, namely, as birds and reptiles.
1015:
philosophical pursuit. It is so named after Vana-Forest life by moving to the forest. From 75 till end of life person lives life of an ascetic, contemplating on supernatural, pure philosophy, accepting whatever is available for sustaining the life. It is mostly in helping the society in whatever manner possible, giving benefit of long experience and knowledge accumulated during the lifetime.
67:
1006:. Originally, as per Oldenberg (1915), it meant dangerous texts to be studied in the wilderness (Taitt. Ar. II). A later, post-Vedic theory holds that these texts were meant to be studied in a forest, while the other holds that the name came from these being the manuals of allegorical interpretation of sacrifices, for those in
1297:
Chapter 2, discusses the five Mahā-yajñas that every
Brahmin has to do daily, most importantly the daily recitation of the Veda (svādhyāya). Further, the sacred thread, the yajñopavīta, sāndhyā worship, that of the ancestors (pitṛ), the brahma-yajña, and the cleansing homa-sacrifice ('kūṣmāṇḍa-homa')
1250:
There are five chapters each of which is even considered as a full
Aranyaka. The first one deals with the regimen known as ‘Mahaa-vrata’. The explanations are both ritualistic as well as speculative. The second one has six chapters of which the first three are about ‘Praana-vidyaa’ – meaning, Prana,
1386:
Chapter 14 gives just two mantras. One extols the “I am
Brahman” mantra and says it is the apex of all Vedic mantras. The second mantra declares that one who does not get the meaning of mantras but only recites vedic chants is like an animal which does not know the value of the weight it carries.
1372:
Chapter 10 deals with the esoteric implications of the
Agnihotra ritual. All divine personalities are inherent in the Purusha, just as Agni in speech, Vayu in Prana, the Sun in the eyes, the Moon in the mind, the directions in the ears and water in the potency. The one who knows this, says the
1594:
at pages 1-5; Quote - "The Vedas are divided in two parts, the first is the karma-kanda, the ceremonial part, also (called) purva-kanda, and treats on ceremonies; the second part is the jnana kanda, the part which contains knowledge, also named uttara-kanda or posterior part, and unfolds the
1014:
system of human life. Four
Ashrams consist of Brhmacharya up to 25 years for learning and grooming for life; Gruhastha from 26 to 50 years for marriage and worldly activities; Vanaprastha from 51 to 75 when person/couple retire from active family/social life and devote time in religious,
1302:' is used (2-7-1) in the meaning of an ascetic (tapasvin); this word was later used also for the Buddhist and Jain ascetics. – Discussed and translated by Ch. Malamoud (in French, 1977); the Kaṭha version of this section has been published by L. v. Schroeder in 1898.
1415:
There is also a certain continuity of the
Aranyakas from the Brahmanas in the sense that the Aranyakas go into the meanings of the 'secret' rituals not detailed in the Brahmanas. Later tradition sees this as a leap into subtlety that provides the reason for
1344:
The Katha
Aranyaka is fairly parallel to the text of the Taittiriyas. It has been preserved, somewhat fragmentarily, in just one Kashmiri birchbark manuscript. It has recently been edited and translated, cf. the early uncritical print by L. von Schroeder
1382:
Chapter 13 treats more philosophical matters and says one must first attitudinally discard one's bodily attachment and then carry on the ‘shravana’, manana and nidhidhyasana and practise all the disciplines of penance, faith, self-control etc.
1285:
Chapter 1, is a very late Vedic chapter, which even has some
Puranic names; it is usually called the Āruṇa praśna for the particular styleof fire-brick piling dealt with in the text. It is also referred to as the "Surya namaskara chapter" by
26:
1991:
Jamison and Witzel (1992), Harvard
University (Discusses Vedic literature (including Aranyakas), its history, timeline, diversity and difficulty in translations, and the variation in versions of discovered manuscripts in different parts of
977:, represent the emerging transitions in later Vedic religious practices. The transition completes with the blossoming of ancient Indian philosophy from external sacrificial rituals to internalized philosophical treatise of Upanishads.
1471:
In post-Vedic classifications by text types, the Aranyakas are one of five, with the other four being Samhita, Brahmana, Upasana and Upanishad. See A Bhattacharya (2006), Hindu Dharma: Introduction to Scriptures and Theology,
1402:
The Aranyaka of the Shukla Yajurveda is part of its Brahmana: Satapatha Br. 14,1–3 in the Madhyandina version. Like the Taittiriya and Katha Aranyakas it exclusively deals with the Parvargya ritual, and is followed by the
1906:
Houben, Jan. The Pravargya Brāhmaṇa of the Taittirīya Āraṇyaka : an ancient commentary on the Pravargya ritual; introduction, translation, and notes by Jan E.M. Houben. Delhi : Motilal Banarsidass Publishers,
1095:, and thus are primarily concerned with the proper performance of ritual (orthopraxy). The Aranyakas were restricted to a particular class of rituals that nevertheless were frequently included in the Vedic curriculum.
1261:
The third Aranyaka in this chain of Aranyakas is also known as ‘Samhitopanishad’. This elaborates on the various ways – like pada-paatha, krama-paatha, etc. – of reciting the Vedas and the nuances of the ‘svaras’.
1273:
There are ten chapters, of which, one to six form the Aranyaka proper. The first two chapters are part of the aṣṭau kāṭhakāni (the "8 Kathaka sections"), which were not native to the tradition of the Taittiriya
1903:
Charles Malamoud, Svādhyāya : récitation personelle du Veda Taittirīya-Āranyaka livre II : texte; traduit et commenté par Charles Malamoud. Paris : Institut de civilisation indienne, 1977
1869:
The Aitareya Aranyaka: Edited from the manuscripts in the India Office and the Library of the Royal Asiatic Society with introduction, translation, notes, ... unpublished of the Sankhayana Aranyaka
1177:
Aranyaka Samhita is not a typical Aranyaka text: rather the Purvarchika of the Samaveda Samhitas has a section of mantras, called the 'Aranyaka Samhita', on which the Aranyagana Samans are sung.
1010:(retired, forest-dwelling) stage of their life, however the Vanaprastha Ashrama came into existence only well after that of the Sanyasin (Sprockhoff 1976), according to the historic age-based
1373:
Aranyaka, and in the strength of that conviction goes about eating, walking, taking and giving, satisfies all the gods and what he offers in the fire reaches those gods in heaven. (cf.10-1).
1079:
texts enumerate mantras, identifications, etymologies, discussions, myths and symbolic interpretations, but a few such as by sage Arunaketu include hymns with deeper philosophical insights.
1316:
Shrauta ritual that is considered to be dangerous as it involves heating a specially prepared clay vessel full of milk until it is glowing red. It is fairly close to the Kaṭha version.
878:
concerned with the meaning of ritual sacrifice. They typically represent the later sections of the Vedas, and are one of many layers of Vedic texts. The other parts of the Vedas are the
1791:
Die Tübinger Kaṭha-Handschriften und ihre Beziehung zum Taittirīya-Āraṇyaka, Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, philosophisch-historische Klasse 137.4. Wien
1928:
Bhagyalata A. Pataskar, The Kaṭhakāraṇyakam (With text in Devanāgarī, Introduction and translation. New Delhi: Adarsha Sanskrit Shodha Samstha / Vaidika Samshodhana Mandala, 2009.
796:
896:
describe and discuss rituals from various perspectives; some include philosophical speculations. For example, the Katha Aranyaka discusses rituals connected with the
1767:
Brahmana 3.10–12; Aranyaka 1–2. In a South Indian recension, the 8 Kathaka chapters are not part of the Brahmana and Aranyaka but form a separate collection.
1152:
Brihad Aranyaka in the Madhyandina and the Kanva versions of the Shukla Yajurveda. The Madhyandina version has 9 sections, of which the last 6 are the
789:
1265:
The fourth and the fifth Aranyaka are technical and dwell respectively on the mantras known as ‘MahaanaamnI’ and the yajna known as ‘Madhyandina’.
1680:
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proper and the speculative literature that follows them and develops part of the ideas and lines of thought which are characteristic of them.
1752:
1376:
Chapter 11 prescribes several antidotes in the form of rituals for warding off death and sickness. It also details the effects of dreams.
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exercises after each of its 132 anuvakas. Parts of the Kaṭha version of this section has been published by L. v. Schroeder in 1898.
1731:, Kaṭha Āraṇyaka, Critical Edition with a translation into German and an introduction. Cambridge: Harvard Oriental Series 2004.
991:) literally means "produced, born, relating to a forest" or rather, "belonging to the wilderness". It is derived from the word
1319:
Chapter 5, treats the Pravargya-yajña in prose discussion (brāhmaṇa style). Again, it is fairly close to the Kaṭha version.
519:
1018:
Taittiriya Ar. 2 says, "from where one cannot see the roofs of the settlement", which does not indicate a forested area.
1167:
1646:
Edward F Crangle (1994), The Origin and Development of Early Indian Contemplative Practices, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag,
507:
949:
In the immense volume of ancient Indian Vedic literature, there is no absolute universally true distinction between
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1404:
922:(ज्ञानकाण्ड) knowledge/spirituality section. In an alternate classification, the early part of Vedas are called
1336:". It has several important mantras culled from the three Samhitas. TA 10.41–44 is known as the "Medha sukta".
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1054:, according to the material that, varying from Veda to Veda, and from school to school, was collected in an
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Chapter 6, records the ‘pitṛmedha’ mantras, recited during the rituals for the disposal of the dead body.
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1699:. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p. 68.
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AB Keith (2007), The Religion and Philosophy of the Veda and Upanishads, Motilal Banarsidass,
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AB Keith (2007), The Religion and Philosophy of the Veda and Upanishads, Motilal Banarsidass,
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belongs to the Talavakara or Jaiminiya Shakha of the Samaveda. A part of this text forms the
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1844:(in Hindi) by Om Prakash Pande. Vishwa Prakashan (A unit of Wylie Eastern) 1994, New Delhi .
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918:(कर्मकाण्ड), ritualistic action/sacrifice section, while the Upanishads are identified as
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1915:
Katha Aranyaka : Critical Edition with a Translation into German and an Introduction
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corpus. Linguistically and stylistically also, these works form a transition between the
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is regarded as its Aranyaka, a remnant of a larger, lost Atharva (Paippalada) Brahmana.
2010:
1988:
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1728:
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1917:, Harvard Oriental Series, Harvard Department of Sanskrit and Indian Studies (2005)
1999:
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The Veda of the Black Yajus School, entitled Taittiriya Sanhita; Part 1: Kāṇḍas I-III
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Aitareya Aranyaka – A Study . Dr. Suman Sharma. Eastern Book Linkers. New Delhi 1981
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to say that the Aranyakas are ‘Rahasya Brahmana’, that is, the Brahmana of secrets.
1587:
1278:. They were adopted from the Kāṭhaka shakha, and mostly deal with varieties of the
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429:
414:
1943:
A History of Indian Literature: Volume 1, Vedic Literature: Saṃhitās and Brāhmaṇas
1254:
The 4th, 5th and 6th chapters of this second Aranyaka constitute what is known as
1742:
1582:
1042:
is as little homogenous as their contents. Some portions have the character of a
1858:
1607:
The Heart of Hinduism: The Eastern Path to Freedom, Empowerment and Illumination
1007:
586:
566:
514:
468:
463:
120:
58:
1563:(1975), Vedic Literature: (Saṃhitās and Brāhmaṇas), Otto Harrassowitz Verlag,
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A Bhattacharya (2006), Hindu Dharma: Introduction to Scriptures and Theology,
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Sound and Communication: An Aesthetic Cultural History of Sanskrit Hinduism
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and the ritualistic commentary on the mantras and rituals are called the
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It is also known as Shankhyayana Aranyaka. There are fifteen chapters:
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ritual from ritualisitic to symbolic meta-ritualistic points of view.
1595:
knowledge of Brahma or the universal soul." (Translator: Edward Roer)
1391:
1275:
1149:
Aranyaka belongs to the (Caraka)Katha Shakha of the Krishna Yajurveda
1120:
Aranyaka belongs to the Kaushitaki and Shankhayana Shakhas of Rigveda
1099:
750:
81:
1305:
Chapter 3, treats technicalities of several other homas and yajnas.
1143:
Aranyaka belongs to the Maitrayaniya Shakha of the Krishna Yajurveda
1098:
The Aranyakas are associated with, and named for, individual Vedic
1886:
Taittiriya Aranyaka, with Sayana Bhashya . Anandashram, Pune 1926.
1088:
875:
623:
98:
25:
910:, however, neither are homogeneous in content nor in structure.
863:
1002:
Several theories have been proposed on the origin of the word
1718:
Schroeder, Die Tübinger Handschriften..., Vienna Academy 1898
1390:
Chapter 15 gives a long genealogy of spiritual teachers from
819:
1891:
Mysticism and Symbolism in Aitareya and Taittiriya Aranyakas
1325:
Chapters 7, 8 and 9, are the three vallis of the well-known
1800:
M. Witzel, The Katha Aranyaka, Harvard Oriental Series 2004
843:
837:
1709:Āraṇyaka. NG 1915, 382-401= Kleine Schriften 1967, 419-438
1219:
Through that which is mortal, they strive for immortality.
834:
828:
1514:. State University of New York Press. pp. 351–357.
1512:
Veda and Torah: Transcending the Textuality of Scripture
1298:
are all treated in detail. – In this chapter the word '
1683:
Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Koeln University, Germany
1458:
The Religion and Philosophy of the Veda and Upanishads
1183:
The Atharvaveda has no surviving Aranyaka, though the
1034:
are diverse in their structure. Jan Gonda summarizes:
957:. Similarly, there is no absolute distinction between
846:
840:
831:
902:. The Aitareya Aranyaka includes explanation of the
825:
1461:. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. p. 490.
965:, as some Upanishads are incorporated inside a few
822:
1229:And even if he were to partake of the other world,
1114:Aranyaka belongs to the Aitareya Shakha of Rigveda
930:which together are identified as the ceremonial
1195:
1036:
1290:who have created a ritual of reciting it with
1787:
1785:
1366:Chapters 7–8 are known as a Samhitopanishad.
1245:Translated by Annette Wilke and Oliver Moebus
790:
8:
1379:Chapter 12 elaborates the fruits of prayer.
1450:
1448:
1369:Chapter 9 presents the greatness of Prana.
797:
783:
45:
1535:Michael Witzel (2004). "Katha Aranyaka".
1217:They know of this world and of the other.
890:(spirituality and abstract philosophy).
1822:. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
1693:Madan Gopal (1990). K.S. Gautam (ed.).
1444:
1225:He partakes of everything in the world,
297:
57:
1842:Vaidik Sahitya aur Samskriti ka swarup
1556:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1356:Chapters 1–2 deal with the Mahavrata.
1231:his thoughts would also go beyond it.
1776:
1741:Annette Wilke; Oliver Moebus (2011).
1211:They speak what they have understood.
1209:for they are equipped with cognition.
7:
1488:
1486:
1227:and still his thoughts go beyond it.
1213:They see what they have recognized,
1091:, in the language and style of the
999:(अरण्य), which means "wilderness".
874:) are a part of the ancient Indian
1747:. Walter de Gruyter. p. 399.
1332:Chapter 10, is also known as the "
1221:They are equipped with all this...
1215:and know what will exist tomorrow.
14:
1455:Arthur Berriedale Keith (1925).
1203:But only in human beings is the
815:
65:
38:palm leaf manuscript (Sanskrit,
16:Part of the ancient Indian Vedas
1871:, Eastern Book Linkers (1995)
1240:Aitereya Aranyaka 2.3.2 – 2.3.3
1223:such a human being is an ocean.
1953:, "Chapter IX: The Āraṇyakas".
1:
1609:. iUniverse. pp. 10–11.
1282:ritual and with Vedic study.
1945:, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag,
1510:Barbara A. Holdrege (1995).
1359:Chapters 3–6 constitute the
1168:Jaiminiya Upanishad Brahmana
914:are sometimes identified as
1893:, South Asia Books (1989),
994:
987:
869:
2027:
59:Hindu scriptures and texts
18:
1857:– English Translation by
1592:Brihad Aranyaka Upanishad
1434:Brihad-Aranyaka Upanishad
1420:in his commentary on the
1405:Brihad-Aranyaka Upanishad
1394:down to Guna-Sankhayana.
859:
1973:. Baptist Mission Press.
1814:Keith, Arthur Berriedale
1541:. Cambridge: xxviii sqq.
1407:(Satapatha Br. 14.4–9).
1308:Chapter 4, provides the
1154:Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
1137:of the Krishna Yajurveda
1133:Aranyaka belongs to the
1981:Baudhayana Srauta Sutra
1978:W. Caland, ed. (1907).
1970:The Taittiriya Aranyaka
1865:Arthur Berriedale Keith
1583:Shankara's Introduction
1538:Harvard Oriental Series
1166:Talavakara Aranyaka or
942:are referred to as the
882:(benedictions, hymns),
769:Timeline of Hindu texts
602:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam
32:Jaiminiya Aranyaka Gana
1696:India through the ages
1605:Stephen Knapp (2005).
1334:Mahanarayana Upanishad
1234:
1087:The Aranyakas discuss
1073:
886:(commentary), and the
577:Eighteen Greater Texts
43:
34:found embedded in the
1288:South Indian Brahmins
1038:The structure of the
582:Eighteen Lesser Texts
29:
1361:Kaushitaki Upanishad
1327:Taittiriya Upanishad
1050:, others again of a
1349:Kaushitaki Āranyaka
1269:Taittiriya Aranyaka
592:Iraiyanar Akapporul
552:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai
298:Related Hindu texts
19:For 1994 film, see
1984:. Asiatic Society.
1256:Aitareya Upanishad
1070:, Vedic Literature
44:
1965:Rajendralal Mitra
1855:Aitareya Aranyaka
1779:, p. xxviii.
1754:978-3-11-018159-3
1411:Rahasya Brahmanas
1191:Aitareya Aranyaka
1135:Taittiriya Shakha
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597:Abhirami Anthadhi
535:Sangam literature
388:Vaishnava puranas
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1989:Vedic Hinduism
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1967:, ed. (1872).
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1958:External links
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1951:978-3447016032
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30:A page of the
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1480:, pages 5-17
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985:"Aranyaka" (
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701:Panchatantra
661:Nyāya Sūtras
557:Thiruppugazh
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35:
31:
2006:Hindu texts
1925:(in German)
1859:A. B. Keith
1654:, pp. 55-59
1418:Durgacharya
1243:, ~1000 BCE
1008:Vanaprastha
944:jnana-kanda
932:karma-kanda
920:jnana-kanda
916:karma-kanda
746:Vedantasara
671:Yoga Sutras
587:Aathichoodi
520:Historicity
515:Mahabharata
508:Historicity
204:Yajur vedic
121:Atharvaveda
2000:Categories
1836:References
1280:Agnicayana
1131:Taittiriya
1118:Kaushitaki
1089:sacrifices
1022:Discussion
963:Upanishads
940:Upanishads
888:Upanishads
741:Panchadasi
726:Swara yoga
562:Tirukkuṟaḷ
376:Markandeya
221:Taittiriya
185:Sama vedic
178:Kaushitaki
163:Upanishads
150:Upanishads
1939:Jan Gonda
1828:478924520
1561:Jan Gonda
1314:pravargya
1126:Yajurveda
1093:Brahmanas
1068:Jan Gonda
1060:Brahmanas
1040:Aranyakas
1032:Aranyakas
1027:Structure
981:Etymology
975:Brahmanas
971:Aranyakas
967:Aranyakas
959:Aranyakas
955:Brahmanas
951:Aranyakas
936:Aranyakas
928:Brahmanas
912:Aranyakas
908:Aranyakas
904:Mahavrata
899:Pravargya
894:Aranyakas
884:Brahmanas
811:Aranyakas
711:Tirumurai
641:Kamasutra
400:Bhagavata
381:Bhavishya
366:Brahmānda
323:Vyakarana
192:Chandogya
168:Rig vedic
128:Divisions
116:Yajurveda
1941:(1975),
1816:(1914).
1428:See also
1300:shramana
1207:obvious,
1162:Samaveda
1112:Aitareya
1083:Contents
1077:Aranyaka
1065:—
1056:Aranyaka
1048:Brahmana
1004:Aranyaka
988:āraṇyaka
934:, while
924:Samhitas
880:Samhitas
870:āraṇyaka
856:Sanskrit
763:Timeline
620:Shastras
503:Ramayana
405:Naradiya
338:Jyotisha
306:Vedangas
255:Mandukya
173:Aitareya
145:Aranyaka
140:Brahmana
111:Samaveda
51:a series
49:Part of
36:Samaveda
1807:Sources
1422:Nirukta
1310:mantras
1107:Rigveda
1100:shakhas
1044:Samhita
1012:Ashrama
496:Itihasa
351:Puranas
328:Nirukta
318:Chandas
313:Shiksha
288:Tantras
260:Prashna
250:Mundaka
135:Samhita
106:Rigveda
1992:India)
1949:
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1751:
1681:araNya
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1650:
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1518:
1496:
1476:
1392:Brahma
1276:shakha
995:Araṇya
860:आरण्यक
751:Stotra
624:sutras
459:Skanda
435:Matsya
420:Vamana
410:Garuda
395:Vishnu
361:Brahma
278:Agamas
236:Maitri
82:Smriti
77:Shruti
2011:Vedas
1907:1991.
1440:Notes
1205:Atman
1147:Katha
1075:Many
1052:Sutra
876:Vedas
454:Linga
449:Shiva
430:Kurma
415:Padma
333:Kalpa
226:Katha
99:Vedas
1947:ISBN
1919:ISBN
1895:ISBN
1873:ISBN
1846:ISBN
1824:OCLC
1749:ISBN
1727:ed.
1665:ISBN
1648:ISBN
1631:ISBN
1611:ISBN
1580:See
1565:ISBN
1516:ISBN
1494:ISBN
1474:ISBN
961:and
953:and
938:and
864:IAST
809:The
622:and
469:Agni
464:Vayu
216:Isha
197:Kena
88:List
1590:to
1586:at
2002::
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