686:
848:
1099:
447:
4808:
subject in four schools. However, whilst legally schools can choose to use
Aragonese as the language of instruction, as of the 2013–2014 academic year, there are no recorded instances of this option being taken in primary or secondary education. In fact, the only current scenario in which Aragonese is used as the language of instruction is in the Aragonese philology university course, which is optional, taught over the summer and in which only some of the lectures are in Aragonese.
514:
2202:
4862:
in
Aragonese language is currently available. As such those who wish to teach Aragonese at the pre-school, primary, or secondary level must already be competent in the language by being a native speaker or by other means. Further, prospective instructors must pass an ad hoc exam curated by the individual schools at which they wish to teach in order to prove their competence, as there are no recognized standard competency exams for the Aragonese language.
4879:
463:
4718:
4026:
4703:
Since 1500, Spanish has been the cultural language of Aragon; many
Aragonese wrote in Spanish, and during the 17th century the Argensola brothers went to Castile to teach Spanish. Aragonese became a popular village language. During the 17th century, popular literature in the language began to appear.
4861:
Aragonese is not currently a possible field of study for a bachelor's or postgraduate degree in any official capacity, nor is
Aragonese used as a medium of instruction. A bachelor's or master's degree may be obtained in Magisterio (teaching) at the University of Zaragoza; however, no specialization
4807:
The 1997 Aragonese law of languages stipulated that
Aragonese (and Catalan) speakers had a right to the teaching of and in their own language. Following this, Aragonese lessons started in schools in the 1997–1998 academic year. It was originally taught as an extra-curricular, non-evaluable voluntary
4825:
The subject of
Aragonese now has a fully developed curriculum in primary education in Aragon. Despite this, in the 2014–2015 academic year there were only seven Aragonese teachers in the region across both pre-primary and primary education and none hold permanent positions, whilst the number of
4086:
Neighboring
Romance languages have influenced Aragonese. Catalan and Occitan influenced Aragonese for many years. Since the 15th century, Spanish has most influenced Aragonese; it was adopted throughout Aragon as the first language, limiting Aragonese to the northern region surrounding the
5514:
van
Dongera, R., Krol-Hage, R. (Ed.), Sterk, R. (Ed.), Terlaak Poot, M. (Ed.), Martínez Cortés, J. P., & Paricio Martín, J. (2016). Aragonese: The Aragonese language in education in Spain. (Regional dossiers series). Mercator European Research Centre on Multilingualism and Language
4852:
As of 2007 it is possible to use
Aragonese as a language of instruction for multiple courses; however, no program is yet to instruct any curricular or examinative courses in Aragonese. As of the 2014–2015 academic year there were 14 Aragonese language students at the secondary level.
4095:
has also influenced
Aragonese; Italian loanwords have entered through other languages (such as Catalan), and Portuguese words have entered through Spanish. Germanic words came with the conquest of the region by Germanic peoples during the fifth century, and
5499:" Torres-Oliva, M., Petreñas, C., Huguet, Á., & Lapresta, C. (2019). The legal rights of Aragonese-speaking schoolchildren: The current state of Aragonese language teaching in Aragon (Spain). Language Problems & Language Planning, 43(3), 262–285.
952:. According to recent polls, there are about 25,500 speakers (2011) including speakers living outside the native area. In 2017, the Dirección General de Política Lingüística de Aragón estimated there were 10,000 to 12,000 active speakers of Aragonese.
4816:
In pre-school education, students whose parents wish them to be taught Aragonese receive between thirty minutes to one hour of Aragonese lessons a week. In the 2014–2015 academic year there were 262 students recorded in pre-school Aragonese lessons.
4788:
comedies and Veremundo Méndez Coarasa's poetry, both in Hecho (western) Aragonese; Cleto Torrodellas' poetry and Tonón de Baldomera's popular writings in the Graus (eastern) dialect and Arnal Cavero's costumbrist stories and Juana Coscujuela's novel
2303:(SLA), is used by some Aragonese writers. It uses etymological forms which are closer to Catalan, Occitan, and medieval Aragonese sources; trying to come closer to the original Aragonese and the other Occitano-Romance languages. In the SLA system
5005:
3873:
in the Uesca, Academia de l'Aragonés and Academia Aragonesa de la Lengua standards (not mentioned in the SLA standard). Additionally, the Academia de l'Aragonés and Academia Aragonesa de la Lengua orthographies allow the letter
834:
In recent times, Aragonese was mostly regarded as a group of rural dialects of Spanish. Compulsory education undermined its already weak position; for example, pupils were punished for using it. However, the 1978
4849:(Campos, 2014)) many instructors create their own learning materials. Further, most schools with Aragonese programs that have the possibility of being offered as an examinative subject have elected not to do so.
5199:
2375:. The language in these texts has a mixture of Aragonese and Castilian traits, and they are among the last known written examples of the Aragonese formerly spoken in central and southern Aragon.
5002:
3934:
The definite article in Aragonese has undergone dialect-related changes, with definite articles in Old Aragonese similar to their present Spanish equivalents. There are two main forms:
5483:
4865:
Since the 1994–1995 academic year, Aragonese has been an elective subject within the bachelor's degree for primary school education at the University of Zaragoza's Huesca campus.
5184:
789:
at the end of the 14th century. He wrote an extensive catalog of works in Aragonese and translated several works from Greek into Aragonese (the first in medieval Europe).
5421:
Huguet, Ángel; Lapresta, Cecilio; Madariaga, José M. (2008). "A Study on Language Attitudes Towards Regional and Foreign Languages by School Children in Aragon, Spain".
804:, and the similarity between Castilian (Spanish) and Aragonese facilitated the recession of the latter. A turning point was the 15th-century coronation of the Castilian
5568:
4837:
There is no officially approved program or teaching materials for the Aragonese language at the secondary level, and though two non-official textbooks are available (
7930:
2246:, is used by most Aragonese writers. It has a more uniform system of assigning letters to phonemes, with less regard for etymology; words traditionally written with
7887:
5097:
4989:
4872:(These are studies that require a previous university degree and have a duration of between 30 and 59 ECTS credits.) in Aragonese Philology with 37 ECTS credits.
4933:
5650:
5998:
473:
5208:
2156:
5406:... aragoneses eran los hermanos Argensola, que según el dicho clásico subieron a Castilla desde Barbastro a enseñar castellano a los castellanos ...
782:
6449:
5265:
5240:
7925:
4973:
2300:
2109:
5470:
6123:
6011:
5677:
4739:
4047:
2129:
812:
2136:
7238:
5375:
5347:
5161:
5123:
4765:
4073:
574:
7298:
5643:
2073:
1997:
339:
5283:
Elements of Contrastive Linguistics in Aragonese: A Study of Certain Affinities with Gascon, Catalan and Other Romance Languages
1207:
of sibilants (see below). In Spanish, the medieval result was either /, (modern ), , or nothing, depending on the context. e.g.
1160:
Romance groups cl-, fl- and pl- are preserved and in most dialects do not undergo any change, e.g. clavis > clau ('key', Sp.
6586:
6191:
5991:
2052:
1860:
1204:
836:
486:
5543:
4778:
The 19th and 20th centuries have seen a renaissance of Aragonese literature in several dialects. In 1844, Braulio Foz's novel
7386:
7287:
4743:
4051:
4704:
In a 1650 Huesca literary contest, Aragonese poems were submitted by Matías Pradas, Isabel de Rodas and "Fileno, montañés".
7194:
6872:
4647:
1106:
Aragonese has many historical traits in common with Catalan. Some are conservative features that are also shared with the
816:
5333:
5148:
7321:
6724:
5965:
5365:
2066:
1869:
778:
685:
419:
4892:
2350:
963:, including its use in public administration. Some of the legislation was repealed by a new law in 2013 (Law 3/2013).
7915:
7762:
7200:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6098:
5636:
5033:
Ley 3/2013, de 9 de mayo, de uso, protección y promoción de las lenguas y modalidades lingüísticas propias de Aragón.
1837:
334:
5396:[Five Oscenses: Samblancat, Alaiz, Acín, Maurín and Sender, at the Spearhead of the Spanish Pre-revolution].
4728:
4036:
5279:
Elementos de lingüística contrastiva en aragonés: estudio de algunas afinidades con gascón, catalán y otros romances
7920:
7483:
7055:
6490:
6048:
5984:
2102:
2059:
1981:
1885:
518:
6982:
5524:
4747:
4732:
4055:
4040:
446:
7070:
6591:
6432:
6399:
6147:
6076:
6058:
6041:
6036:
6026:
4829:
As of 2017 there were 1068 reported Aragonese language students and 12 Aragonese language instructors in Aragon.
160:
140:
7775:
7679:
6552:
6279:
6227:
1988:
1846:
496:
431:
7143:
5394:"Cinco oscenses: Samblancat, Alaiz, Acín, Maurín y Sender, en la punta de lanza de la prerrevolución española"
4905:
1111:
955:
In 2009, the Languages Act of Aragon (Law 10/2009) recognized the "native language, original and historic" of
4962:
Reyes, Anchel; Gimeno, Chabier; Montañés, Miguel; Sorolla, Natxo; Esgluga, Pep; Martínez, Juan Pablo (2017).
437:
360:
6688:
6569:
6542:
6418:
6364:
6071:
6031:
5949:
5813:
2020:
2004:
261:
155:
130:
1098:
847:
378:
7861:
7257:
7077:
6495:
6441:
6093:
4796:
4685:
3903:
3899:
3883:
3862:
3855:
3843:
3447:
3392:
3325:
3320:
3298:
3240:
3203:
3151:
3129:
3107:
3085:
3045:
3023:
3001:
2979:
2957:
2905:
2784:
2723:
2701:
2679:
2657:
2602:
2520:
2459:
2420:
2398:
1794:
1787:
1780:
1655:
1648:
1644:
1538:
1264:
1255:
1234:
1225:
945:
890:
801:
633:
617:
169:
7161:
6574:
7893:
7838:
7644:
7639:
7292:
7270:
7089:
6912:
6381:
6337:
6284:
5944:
5939:
5808:
5783:
2332:
2178:
2083:
2027:
1951:
1942:
1546:
1107:
805:
7557:
6525:
3842:. This version is close to the Academia de l'Aragonés orthography, but with the following differences:
1173:
276:
35:
7843:
7627:
7617:
7233:
7206:
7132:
7040:
6992:
6791:
6719:
6671:
6665:
6628:
6611:
6108:
2038:
1958:
1102:
Aragonese expanded into the territories of the Kingdom of Aragon from the 12th to the 16th centuries.
828:
5229:
861:
of Somontano, Jacetania, Sobrarbe, and Ribagorza. Cities and towns in which Aragonese is spoken are
7591:
7328:
7220:
7188:
7182:
7024:
6803:
6763:
6729:
6633:
6557:
6500:
6321:
5864:
2046:
1184:
722:
91:
6699:
5586:
5021:
Ley 10/2009, de 22 de diciembre, de uso, protección y promoción de las lenguas propias de Aragón.
513:
7833:
7562:
7376:
7342:
7336:
7226:
7169:
7126:
7109:
6847:
6840:
6734:
6676:
6481:
6464:
6405:
6261:
6249:
6128:
6066:
5879:
5839:
5793:
5712:
5659:
5604:
5438:
5178:
5091:
4983:
4654:
3497:
1919:
972:
823:
ordered the prohibition of the Aragonese language in schools and the establishment of Castilian (
771:
452:
266:
251:
87:
7611:
6739:
6103:
4394:
7790:
7769:
7689:
7649:
7632:
7508:
7436:
7430:
7354:
7246:
7156:
7097:
7009:
6967:
6768:
6714:
6601:
6579:
6520:
6505:
6476:
6459:
6369:
6332:
6301:
6289:
6208:
6196:
6113:
6088:
6082:
6007:
5869:
5752:
5717:
5371:
5343:
5157:
5129:
5119:
4969:
2118:
2089:
2013:
1924:
1057:
1021:
960:
820:
767:
755:
751:
710:
637:
597:
256:
216:
150:
5382:, a fourteenth-century translation into Old Castilian from Latin of a work by Paul the Deacon
4784:
was published in the Almudévar (southern) dialect. The 20th century featured Domingo Miral's
7743:
7733:
7718:
7706:
7622:
7571:
7535:
7513:
7500:
7494:
7468:
7423:
7412:
7316:
7281:
7265:
7114:
7102:
7035:
6999:
6987:
6955:
6880:
6852:
6825:
6655:
6650:
6638:
6618:
6606:
6547:
6454:
6411:
6352:
6347:
6342:
6306:
6237:
6221:
6118:
5909:
5874:
5849:
5844:
5803:
5756:
5722:
5708:
5673:
5558:
5430:
5286:
4497:
4482:
4179:
4156:
4109:
4097:
3923:
3919:
3915:
1914:
1909:
1199:) consistently became medieval , as in medieval Catalan and Portuguese. This becomes modern
824:
797:
793:
747:
714:
698:
641:
539:
526:
522:
246:
238:
135:
101:
5150:
Normas graficas de l'aragonés: Emologatas en o I Congreso ta ra Normalización de l'aragonés
4965:
L'aragonés y lo catalán en l'actualidat. Analisi d'o Censo de Población y Viviendas de 2011
906:
7827:
7813:
7694:
7596:
7586:
7530:
7381:
7369:
7309:
7304:
7119:
7048:
7030:
6977:
6907:
6864:
6776:
6757:
6709:
6596:
6562:
6515:
6510:
6232:
6164:
6136:
5917:
5859:
5854:
5728:
5703:
5608:
5009:
4884:
4092:
2168:
1936:
1929:
1718:
1081:
855:
Aragonese is the native language of the Aragonese mountain ranges of the Pyrenees, in the
743:
706:
271:
122:
6830:
1177:
625:
2371:
texts (Romance texts in Arabic script), possibly because of their inability to write in
2215:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
7878:
7785:
7780:
7701:
7581:
7543:
7275:
6924:
6835:
6781:
6751:
6643:
6327:
6255:
6201:
5393:
5111:
5034:
5022:
2146:
1968:
1672:
is maintained in past imperfect endings of verbs of the second and third conjugations:
985:
664:
290:
653:('talk' or 'speech'). Native Aragonese people usually refer to it by the names of its
411:
7909:
7820:
7723:
7711:
7443:
7151:
6808:
6746:
6242:
5976:
5788:
5442:
4628:
4581:
4569:("I haven't seen anything like that", literally 'Not (of it) I have seen like that').
4424:
4263:
1974:
1819:
1037:
1017:
902:
7602:
7462:
6857:
5778:
4936:[Aragonese: the Romance language that already only 1% of Aragonese speak].
4785:
4297:
2337:
1033:
914:
886:
297:
211:
7518:
5266:
Academia Aragonesa de la Lengua - Instituto de l'Aragonés Ortografía de l'aragonés
1077:
1069:
7004:
3858:
is spelled ⟨ny⟩ or ⟨ñ⟩ by personal preference; final ⟨z⟩ is not written as ⟨tz⟩.
17:
7664:
7657:
7394:
6960:
6929:
4717:
4025:
2354:
2242:, codified in 1987 by the Consello d'a Fabla Aragonesa (CFA) at a convention in
1831:
1814:
1180:
and Pallarès in Catalan) it becomes cll-, fll- and pll-, e.g. clavis > cllau.
1073:
1041:
731:
462:
4878:
4659:
424:
6942:
6934:
6535:
6294:
5884:
5563:
5479:
5434:
5050:
5045:
4874:
1877:
1824:
1777:
882:
5133:
2353:(founded in 2006) established an orthographic standard to modernize medieval
827:) as the only official language in Aragon. This was ordered in the Aragonese
7738:
7576:
6918:
6213:
5464:
5462:
5460:
5458:
5456:
5454:
5452:
4689:, differing also in its content and written in the late 14th century called
4420:
2367:
1854:
1721:
have preserved the voicelessness of many intervocalic stop consonants, e.g.
1049:
997:
894:
874:
739:
621:
404:
388:
370:
352:
206:
7364:
6902:
4934:"El aragonés: la lengua romance que ya solo hablan el 1% de los aragoneses"
1114:, where Spanish innovated in ways that did not spread to nearby languages.
870:
689:
The gradual retreat of Aragonese under the pressure of Castilian (Spanish).
5618:
395:
7728:
7523:
7359:
7175:
6623:
6471:
5500:
4652:
Aragonese was not written until the 12th and 13th centuries; the history
4148:
4088:
1542:
1029:
937:
930:
898:
718:
702:
674:
629:
605:
592:
504:
492:
62:
4963:
7347:
7212:
6972:
6950:
6890:
6885:
6374:
6359:
5818:
5291:
4898:
3631:
2362:
1001:
981:
918:
857:
613:
601:
500:
5591:
5156:(in Aragonese). Uesca: Publicazions d’o Consello d’a Fabla Aragonesa.
7549:
6895:
6818:
6798:
6530:
5834:
5798:
5628:
4427:
4304:
3562:
in international formations (learned Greek words and loans that have
2372:
2243:
1065:
1061:
1013:
956:
949:
941:
922:
878:
862:
786:
763:
609:
470:
323:
83:
5256:
Some orthographic details related to local dialects are not listed.
4578:("It hurts so much", literally '(of it) it causes so much of pain')
6813:
6786:
5613:
4290:
4256:
1097:
1045:
1009:
1005:
926:
866:
726:
684:
512:
318:
145:
73:
5469:
Martínez Cortés, Juan Pablo; Paricio Martín, Santiago J. (2017).
4683:
date from this period; there is also an Aragonese version of the
4112:—as well as words that joined it later on—are usually masculine:
5342:] (in Spanish). Zaragoza: Institución Fernando el Católico.
5285:] (Doctoral thesis) (in Spanish). Universitat de Barcelona.
4826:
primary education students receiving Aragonese lessons was 320.
4387:
4249:
2285:
989:
910:
694:
5980:
5632:
4625:("There was one of them"), literally '(Of them) there was one')
4419:
Just like most other Occitano-Romance languages, Aragonese has
4012:
These forms are used in the western and some central dialects.
3973:
These forms are used in the eastern and some central dialects.
3838:
In 2023, a new orthographic standard has been published by the
4711:
4019:
2195:
636:. It is the only modern language which survived from medieval
563:
545:
4384:
Many from the second and the third declension are masculine:
3886:
in the Aragonese pronunciation) and also mention the letters
5623:
4692:
Libro de los fechos et conquistas del principado de la Morea
1530:). Spanish diphthongizes except before yod, whereas Catalan
5596:
5340:
Course I on Language and Literature in Aragon (Middle Ages)
5084:
Fonética y fonología del aragonés: una asignatura pendiente
5071:. Zaragoza: Edicions Dichitals de l'Academia de l'Aragonés.
5035:
BOE núm. 138, de 10 de junio de 2013, páginas 43654 a 43662
4481:
Such pronouns are present in most major Romance languages (
1172:). However, in some transitional dialects from both sides (
554:
548:
5601:
5147:
Primer Congreso ta ra Normalizazion de l’aragonés (1987).
4590:("Memory goes away", literally '(away from ) memory goes')
2449:
according to Medieval etymology, as in Catalan and Occitan
1472:
from Romance result systematically in diphthongs , , e.g.
503:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
5023:
BOE núm. 30, de 4 de febrero de 2010, páginas 9875 a 9887
4868:
The University of Zaragoza's Huesca campus also offers a
4506:
4500:
3507:
zona, Provenza, fetz, centro, servicio, realizar, verdatz
2232:
Before 2023, Aragonese had three orthographic standards:
551:
5527:- Universidad de Zaragoza, accessed on 01 February 2023.
5335:
I Curso sobre lengua y literatura en Aragón (Edad Media)
4100:
has introduced a number of new words into the language.
742:
and the Kingdom of Aragon which formed the 12th-century
469:
Aragonese is classified as Definitely Endangered by the
5327:
5325:
5323:
5321:
3878:
in some loanwords internationally known with it (e. g.
3570:
zona, Provença, fez, centro, servício, realizar, verdaz
3518:
zona, Probenza, fez, zentro, serbizio, realizar, berdaz
777:
The best-known proponent of the Aragonese language was
30:"Aragonés" redirects here. For people with the surname
5416:
5414:
3288:
Written as in Medieval Aragonese, Catalan and Occitan
3272:
Written as in Medieval Aragonese, Catalan and Occitan
839:
heralded literary works and studies of the language.
725:) expanded southward from the mountains, pushing the
575:
566:
560:
542:
1502:). This includes before a palatal approximant, e.g.
936:
It is spoken as a second language by inhabitants of
746:
did not merge the languages of the two territories;
241:
7854:
7805:
7754:
7678:
7482:
7455:
7404:
7256:
7142:
7088:
7069:
6698:
6687:
6440:
6431:
6392:
6272:
6157:
6146:
6057:
6019:
5958:
5932:
5902:
5827:
5765:
5740:
5696:
5687:
5666:
5510:
5508:
4957:
4955:
2645:) according to etymology, as in Catalan and Occitan
2282:. It uses letters associated with Spanish, such as
1790:
can be as open as , mainly in the Benasque dialect.
811:In the early 18th century, after the defeat of the
557:
430:
418:
402:
386:
368:
350:
345:
333:
309:
304:
287:
232:
199:
119:
107:
97:
79:
69:
57:
43:
5069:Gramatica basica de l'Aragonés (Texto Provisional)
455:of northern Aragon in grey, blue, and light orange
5551:Journal of the International Phonetic Association
5525:Diploma de Especialización en Filología Aragonesa
5201:Propuesta ortografica de l'Academia de l'Aragonés
647:Historically, people referred to the language as
115:Active and passive speakers: 30,000–50,000 (2017)
5230:"El aragonés de la literatura aljamiado-morisca"
5183:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
1497:
1152:
4844:
4838:
4790:
4779:
4690:
4678:
4672:
4666:
4632:
4620:
4610:
4602:
4594:
4585:
4573:
4564:
4554:
4546:
4473:
4465:
4457:
4451:
4443:
4405:
4399:
4376:
4370:
4364:
4358:
4352:
4346:
4340:
4334:
4328:
4320:
4282:
4274:
4268:
4227:
4221:
4215:
4209:
4192:
4169:
4142:
4122:
3852:quad, quadrívium, quark, quásar, quáter, quórum
2294:
2237:
1752:
1728:
1712:
1691:
1673:
1586:
1574:
1509:
1479:
1437:
1413:
1370:
1315:
1285:
1244:
1214:
1134:
668:
658:
648:
586:
49:
1339:
1333:
1303:
693:Aragonese, which developed in portions of the
5992:
5644:
5223:
5221:
4538:
4530:
4524:
4491:
4485:
1764:
1758:
1734:
1703:
1697:
1685:
1679:
1635:
1629:
1623:
1606:
1600:
1521:
1515:
1491:
1485:
1449:
1443:
1425:
1419:
1382:
1376:
1327:
1321:
1297:
1291:
1259:
1250:
1229:
1220:
1146:
1140:
8:
5472:The Aragonese Language in Education in Spain
5314:] (in Spanish). Zaragoza: Mira Editores.
5116:Standard Basque : a progressive grammar
4792:A Lueca, historia d'una moceta d'o Semontano
4518:
4512:
3630:Spanish model, but with the possibility for
2891:Written as in Medieval Aragonese and Catalan
2453:bien, servício, val, activo, cantava, devant
2432:bien, servicio, val, activo, cantaba, debant
1740:
754:in the west, with the boundaries blurred by
7888:languages with more than 5 million speakers
5228:Vespertino Rodríguez, Antonio (2002–2004).
4927:
4925:
4923:
4921:
4746:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
4631:, places that movements go towards or end:
4437:
4431:
4186:
4163:
4136:
4130:
4116:
4054:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
3914:Aragonese grammar has a lot in common with
2442:bien, serbizio, bal, autibo, cantaba, debán
1746:
1722:
1580:
1568:
1503:
1473:
1431:
1407:
1364:
1309:
1279:
1238:
1208:
1128:
705:to areas where languages similar to modern
7471:(mixed Romani–Ibero- and Occitano-Romance)
7085:
6695:
6437:
6154:
5999:
5985:
5977:
5771:
5693:
5651:
5637:
5629:
5166:. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27
5096:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4988:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
4178:Some Latin neuter plural nouns joined the
1772:Several Aragonese dialects maintain Latin
1643:Former voiced sibilants become voiceless (
604:by about 12,000 people as of 2011, in the
461:
445:
113:Active speakers: 10,000–12,000 (2017)
40:
27:Romance language of northern Aragon, Spain
5562:
5290:
4840:Pos ixo... Materials ta aprender aragonés
4766:Learn how and when to remove this message
4584:, places from which movements originate:
4074:Learn how and when to remove this message
2623:chaminera, minchar, chustizia, cheografía
2613:chaminera, minchar, chusticia, cheografía
5423:International Journal of Multilingualism
4619:Locatives, where something takes place:
4235:The names of fruit trees usually end in
3975:
3936:
2377:
1900:
1805:
1797:, a trait shared with Gascon and Basque.
846:
808:, also known as Ferdinand of Antequera.
474:Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
5067:Estudio de Filología Aragonesa (2017).
4917:
3850:(exception is made for some loanwords:
3605:Not all assimilatory tendencies written
1658:is most often realized as a fricative .
783:Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller
762:in the south ended with the cession of
750:continued to be spoken in the east and
709:might have been previously spoken. The
497:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
5501:https://doi.org/10.1075/lplp.00045.tor
5176:
5089:
4981:
2649:chaminera, minjar, justícia, geografia
2572:, as in Catalan and a bit in Occitan:
2529:, as in Catalan and a bit in Occitan:
2379:Comparison of Aragonese orthographies
1359:result in voiceless palatal fricative
735:and spreading the Aragonese language.
5392:Carrasquer Launed, Francisco (1993).
3768:Portuguese, Catalan and Occitan model
3334:as unifying grapheme for all dialects
591:
231:
61:
7:
5370:(in Spanish). University of Exeter.
5332:Enguita Utrilla, José María (1991).
5239:(in Spanish). 59–60 (2): 1731–1756.
4744:adding citations to reliable sources
4052:adding citations to reliable sources
3075:as in Medieval Aragonese and Catalan
3053:as in Medieval Aragonese and Catalan
2867:Written according to Latin etymology
774:as dowry for an Aragonese princess.
5587:Catalogue of Aragonese publications
3581:Assimilatory tendencies not written
2361:During the 16th century, Aragonese
7892:Languages between parentheses are
5367:La Vida de Santa María Egipiciaqua
3500:in various plurals and verb forms)
529:in purple and Aragonese in yellow.
25:
7772:(unknown further classification)
5619:Sociedat de Lingüistica Aragonesa
5544:"Chistabino (Pyrenean Aragonese)"
5312:Grammar of the Aragonese Language
4311:The genders of river names vary:
3470:(except some loanwords that have
3231:(also between two vowels, never *
3221:(also between two vowels, never *
3211:(also between two vowels, never *
2357:and to make it more etymological.
2301:Sociedat de Lingüistica Aragonesa
2177:
2155:
2135:
2128:
2108:
2101:
2072:
2065:
2058:
2051:
2037:
2026:
2019:
2003:
1996:
1987:
1980:
1957:
1950:
1941:
1884:
1868:
1859:
1845:
1836:
1793:No native word can begin with an
697:basin, can be traced back to the
5602:Ligallo de Fablans de l'Aragonés
5489:from the original on 2022-10-09.
5308:Gramática de la Lengua Aragonesa
5246:from the original on 2022-10-09.
4902:– Electronic Aragonese newspaper
4877:
4716:
4430:pronouns derived from the Latin
4024:
2258:in the Uesca system. Similarly,
2200:
959:. The language received several
538:
5574:from the original on 2022-10-09
5198:Academia de l'Aragonés (2010),
5118:. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
3894:, also used only in loanwords (
3840:Academia Aragonesa de la Lengua
3593:Assimilatory tendencies written
1459:Shared with Catalan and Spanish
837:Spanish transition to democracy
7896:of the language on their left.
7766:(Western Romance-based pidgin)
5237:Archivo de filología aragonesa
5207:(in Aragonese), archived from
4226:, and (in Medieval Aragonese)
3846:is always spelled ⟨cu⟩, e. g.
1591:('done'). Catalan loses both
1:
7931:Subject–verb–object languages
4978:– via zaguan.unizar.es.
4803:Aragonese in modern education
4680:Vida de Santa María Egipcíaca
4674:Libre dels tres reys d'orient
4648:Aragonese-language literature
4375:, etc. The last was known as
4239:(a suffix derived from Latin
4182:as singular feminine nouns:
3484:as a grapheme reflecting the
2863:(rendered silent after Latin)
2428:according to Latin etymology
817:War of the Spanish Succession
654:
340:Academia d'a Luenga Aragonesa
7926:Pyrenean-Mozarabic languages
5966:Andalusian language movement
5597:Consello d'a Fabla Aragonesa
5398:Alazet: Revista de filología
5277:Tomás Arias, Javier (2016).
4243:) and are usually feminine:
4155:Words that were part of the
4108:Words that were part of the
3268:(silent in Modern Aragonese)
2568:If there is an etymological
2525:If there is an etymological
7763:Mediterranean Lingua Franca
5012:Official Bulletin of Aragon
2950:as a copulative conjunction
2935:as a copulative conjunction
2920:as a copulative conjunction
2254:are uniformly written with
713:(formed by the counties of
701:. It spread throughout the
326:(Protected language status)
7947:
7465:(mixed Portuguese–Spanish)
6491:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata
6285:Central−Southern Calabrian
5086:. Universidad de Zaragoza.
4968:(in Aragonese). Zaragoza.
4870:Diploma de Especialización
4833:Secondary school education
4645:
4566:No n'he visto como aquello
3865:(only in loanwords, e. g.
3578:Learned Greco-Roman words
3434:initial and between vowels
3418:initial and between vowels
3402:initial and between vowels
1402:result in palatal lateral
970:
612:, Spain, primarily in the
168:(in some classifications)
29:
7870:
7020:
5779:Gomeran whistled language
5774:
5564:10.1017/S0025100306002842
5435:10.1080/14790710802152412
4637:('Go there (imperative)')
2299:, devised in 2004 by the
2209:This section needs to be
2167:
2145:
2082:
2045:
1967:
1935:
1906:
1711:High Aragonese dialects (
1559:Loss of final unstressed
1534:diphthongizes before yod.
792:The spread of Castilian (
779:Johan Ferrandez d'Heredia
483:
460:
444:
48:
6773:North American dialects
6280:Extreme Southern Italian
5364:Paul the Deacon (1977).
5306:Nagore, Francho (1989).
4932:Perez, R. (2017-02-21).
4821:Primary school education
4478:; unlike Ibero-Romance.
4381:during the 16th century.
3480:in final position (but
1696:('he was sleeping', Sp.
1064:, Rasal, Bolea, Lierta,
640:in a form distinct from
6192:Central−Northern Latian
5950:Valencian Sign Language
5814:Roquetas Pidgin Spanish
5056:(subscription required)
5003:Languages Act of Aragon
4708:Contemporary literature
4110:Latin second declension
3276:sociedat, debant, chent
2390:Grafía de Uesca (1987)
2387:Academia de l'Aragonés
1717:) and some dialects of
451:Map of Aragon with the
86:; northern and central
6496:Gallo-Italic of Sicily
5592:Academia de l'Aragonés
5082:Simón, Javier (2016).
4893:Academia de l'Aragonés
4846:Aragonés ta Secundaria
4845:
4839:
4791:
4780:
4691:
4686:Chronicle of the Morea
4679:
4673:
4667:
4633:
4621:
4611:
4603:
4595:
4586:
4574:
4565:
4555:
4547:
4539:
4531:
4525:
4519:
4513:
4507:
4501:
4492:
4486:
4474:
4466:
4458:
4452:
4444:
4438:
4432:
4406:
4400:
4377:
4371:
4365:
4359:
4353:
4347:
4341:
4335:
4329:
4321:
4283:
4275:
4269:
4228:
4222:
4216:
4210:
4193:
4187:
4170:
4164:
4159:are usually feminine:
4157:Latin first declension
4143:
4137:
4131:
4123:
4117:
3882:, which normally have
3619:Accent mark for stress
3292:sociedat, devant, gent
2351:Academia de l'Aragonés
2331:are distinct, and the
2295:
2238:
1765:
1759:
1753:
1747:
1741:
1735:
1733:('sheep hurdle', Cat.
1729:
1723:
1713:
1704:
1698:
1692:
1686:
1680:
1674:
1636:
1630:
1624:
1607:
1601:
1587:
1581:
1575:
1569:
1522:
1516:
1510:
1504:
1498:
1492:
1486:
1480:
1474:
1450:
1444:
1438:
1432:
1426:
1420:
1414:
1408:
1383:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1340:
1334:
1328:
1322:
1316:
1310:
1304:
1298:
1292:
1286:
1280:
1260:
1251:
1245:
1239:
1230:
1221:
1215:
1209:
1153:
1147:
1141:
1135:
1129:
1108:Asturleonese languages
1103:
946:Ejea de los Caballeros
852:
690:
669:
659:
649:
618:Somontano de Barbastro
587:
530:
485:This article contains
50:
6983:Poitevin–Saintongeais
5945:Catalan Sign Language
5940:Spanish Sign Language
5112:Rijk, Rudolf P. G. de
4906:Rosario Ustáriz Borra
3861:The marginal phoneme
3531:, in initial position
1757:('crested lark', Sp.
1203:, as a result of the
1101:
851:Aragonese dialect map
850:
806:Ferdinand I of Aragon
729:farther south in the
688:
516:
6792:St. Marys Bay French
6316:Neapolitan–Calabrese
5542:Mott, Brian (2007),
4843:(Benítez, 2007) and
4812:Pre-school education
4781:Vida de Pedro Saputo
4740:improve this section
4572:Partitive subjects:
4144:esquiruelo, esquirol
4048:improve this section
3365:(Eastern dialects),
3284:soziedá, debán, chen
2384:Sounds and features
1614:; Spanish preserves
829:Nueva Planta decrees
756:dialectal continuity
300:(Aragonese alphabet)
7144:Galician–Portuguese
6170:Central Marchigiano
5922:Catalan / Valencian
5828:Immigrant languages
5688:Regional / minority
5667:Official / national
4699:Early modern period
4563:Partitive objects:
3609:dialecto, extension
3597:dialeuto, estensión
3585:dialecto, extension
3541:, in inner position
3328:(Western dialects)
3262:Etymological final
2380:
1903:
1902:Consonant phonemes
1808:
1663:Shared with neither
1554:Shared with Spanish
1320:('many, much', Sp.
1185:palatal approximant
1127:is preserved, e.g.
1118:Shared with Catalan
1112:Galician–Portuguese
634:Ribagorza/Ribagorça
596:in Aragonese) is a
593:[aɾaɣoˈnes]
311:Recognised minority
63:[aɾaɣoˈnes]
7916:Aragonese language
7558:Catalan Ribagorçan
7405:Pyrenean–Mozarabic
6677:Judaeo-Piedmontese
6587:Bustocco–Legnanese
6382:Northern Calabrian
5660:Languages of Spain
5624:Aragonese language
5607:2021-03-11 at the
5008:2019-07-21 at the
4668:Razón feita d'amor
4587:Se'n va ra memoria
4575:En fa tanto de mal
3634:to not be accented
3375:(Western dialects)
3323:(Eastern dialects)
2378:
2313:⟨ch⟩
2280:⟨ch⟩
2260:⟨ch⟩
1901:
1806:
1484:('old woman', Sp.
1249:('to freeze', Sp.
1219:('young man', Sp.
1104:
1084:, Balbastro, Nabal
1072:, Nozito, Labata,
973:Aragonese dialects
853:
802:Trastámara dynasty
772:Kingdom of Castile
691:
600:spoken in several
531:
170:Pyrenean–Mozarabic
36:Aragonés (surname)
7921:Culture of Aragon
7903:
7902:
7879:extinct languages
7801:
7800:
7478:
7477:
7437:Navarro-Aragonese
7322:Peruvian Ribereño
7247:Judaeo-Portuguese
7162:Galician–Asturian
7065:
7064:
7056:Old Gallo-Romance
7010:Wisconsin Walloon
6427:
6426:
6400:Dalmatian Romance
6008:Romance languages
5974:
5973:
5898:
5897:
5894:
5893:
5731:
5054:(18th ed., 2015)
4975:978-84-16723-25-6
4776:
4775:
4768:
4084:
4083:
4076:
4010:
4009:
3971:
3970:
3836:
3835:
3547:in final position
2344:⟨ñ⟩
2329:⟨i⟩
2325:⟨e⟩
2321:⟨g⟩
2317:⟨j⟩
2309:⟨b⟩
2305:⟨v⟩
2276:⟨i⟩
2272:⟨e⟩
2268:⟨g⟩
2264:⟨j⟩
2256:⟨b⟩
2252:⟨b⟩
2248:⟨v⟩
2230:
2229:
2189:
2188:
1894:
1893:
1375:('crippled', Sp.
1278:result in , e.g.
1176:in Aragonese and
1055:Southern dialect:
988:, Chasa, Berdún,
961:linguistic rights
815:of Aragon in the
768:James I of Aragon
752:Navarro-Aragonese
738:The union of the
711:Kingdom of Aragon
638:Navarro-Aragonese
511:
510:
493:rendering support
489:phonetic symbols.
335:Regulated by
217:Navarro-Aragonese
18:Aragonese dialect
16:(Redirected from
7938:
7424:Judaeo-Aragonese
7413:Andalusi Romance
7266:Amazonic Spanish
7103:Western Asturian
7086:
7025:Franco-Provençal
6696:
6592:Comasco–Lecchese
6450:Emilian–Romagnol
6438:
6238:Regional Italian
6228:Italo-Australian
6155:
6077:Megleno-Romanian
6001:
5994:
5987:
5978:
5772:
5727:
5694:
5678:a.k.a. Castilian
5653:
5646:
5639:
5630:
5575:
5573:
5566:
5548:
5528:
5522:
5516:
5512:
5503:
5497:
5491:
5490:
5488:
5477:
5466:
5447:
5446:
5418:
5409:
5408:
5389:
5383:
5381:
5360:
5354:
5353:
5329:
5316:
5315:
5303:
5297:
5296:
5294:
5274:
5268:
5263:
5257:
5254:
5248:
5247:
5245:
5234:
5225:
5216:
5215:
5213:
5206:
5195:
5189:
5188:
5182:
5174:
5172:
5171:
5155:
5144:
5138:
5137:
5108:
5102:
5101:
5095:
5087:
5079:
5073:
5072:
5064:
5058:
5057:
5043:
5037:
5031:
5025:
5019:
5013:
5000:
4994:
4993:
4987:
4979:
4959:
4950:
4949:
4947:
4945:
4929:
4887:
4882:
4881:
4857:Higher education
4848:
4842:
4794:
4783:
4771:
4764:
4760:
4757:
4751:
4720:
4712:
4694:
4682:
4676:
4670:
4663:
4636:
4624:
4614:
4606:
4598:
4589:
4577:
4568:
4558:
4550:
4542:
4534:
4528:
4522:
4516:
4510:
4504:
4495:
4489:
4477:
4469:
4461:
4455:
4447:
4441:
4435:
4409:
4403:
4380:
4374:
4368:
4362:
4356:
4350:
4344:
4338:
4332:
4324:
4286:
4278:
4272:
4231:
4225:
4219:
4213:
4201:Words ending in
4196:
4190:
4180:first declension
4173:
4167:
4146:
4140:
4134:
4126:
4120:
4079:
4072:
4068:
4065:
4059:
4028:
4020:
3976:
3937:
3905:
3901:
3885:
3864:
3857:
3845:
3627:
3622:(accented vowel
3449:
3394:
3327:
3322:
3300:
3269:
3242:
3205:
3196:(word-initially)
3181:(word-initially)
3166:(word-initially)
3153:
3131:
3109:
3087:
3047:
3025:
3003:
2981:
2959:
2907:
2864:
2786:
2725:
2703:
2681:
2659:
2604:
2522:
2461:
2422:
2400:
2381:
2345:
2341:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2306:
2298:
2289:
2281:
2278:are all written
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2241:
2225:
2222:
2216:
2204:
2203:
2196:
2181:
2159:
2139:
2132:
2121:
2112:
2105:
2092:
2076:
2069:
2062:
2055:
2041:
2030:
2023:
2016:
2007:
2000:
1991:
1984:
1977:
1961:
1954:
1945:
1904:
1888:
1872:
1863:
1849:
1840:
1809:
1796:
1789:
1782:
1768:
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1218:
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1156:
1150:
1144:
1138:
1132:
1123:Romance initial
1027:Eastern dialect:
995:Central dialect:
979:Western dialect:
843:Modern Aragonese
758:. The Aragonese
740:Catalan counties
699:High Middle Ages
672:
662:
652:
598:Romance language
595:
590:
582:
578:
573:
572:
569:
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477:
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382:
381:
373:
364:
363:
355:
313:language in
293:
243:
239:Judaeo-Aragonese
125:
65:
53:
41:
21:
7946:
7945:
7941:
7940:
7939:
7937:
7936:
7935:
7906:
7905:
7904:
7899:
7866:
7850:
7828:Pannonian Latin
7814:African Romance
7797:
7750:
7681:
7674:
7612:Judeo-Provençal
7485:
7474:
7451:
7400:
7310:Chilean Chilote
7252:
7138:
7079:
7075:
7072:
7061:
7049:Moselle Romance
7016:
6865:Missouri French
6826:Franco-Ontarian
6701:
6690:
6683:
6423:
6388:
6365:Southern Latian
6268:
6233:Maltese Italian
6165:Central Italian
6149:
6142:
6137:Common Romanian
6053:
6037:Italo-Dalmatian
6015:
6005:
5975:
5970:
5954:
5928:
5890:
5823:
5767:
5761:
5736:
5689:
5683:
5662:
5657:
5609:Wayback Machine
5583:
5578:
5571:
5546:
5541:
5537:
5535:Further reading
5532:
5531:
5523:
5519:
5513:
5506:
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5331:
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5305:
5304:
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5276:
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5271:
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5010:Wayback Machine
5001:
4997:
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4885:Language portal
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4752:
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4657:
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4644:
4417:
4378:río de la Uerba
4315:Many ending in
4106:
4080:
4069:
4063:
4060:
4045:
4029:
4018:
3932:
3912:
3769:
3702:
3635:
3621:
3620:
3606:
3594:
3582:
3567:
3566:in their etyma)
3515:
3504:
3474:in their etyma)
3376:
3353:
3335:
3324:
3289:
3281:
3273:
3267:
3266:
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3065:
3054:
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2247:
2239:grafía de Uesca
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2220:
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2214:
2205:
2201:
2194:
2117:
2088:
2012:
1973:
1899:
1807:Vowel phonemes
1804:
1786:The mid vowels
1678:('he had', Sp.
1665:
1556:
1461:
1442:('needle', Sp.
1390:Romance groups
1347:Romance groups
1270:Romance groups
1120:
1096:
1091:
975:
969:
845:
744:Crown of Aragon
683:
580:
576:
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491:Without proper
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359:
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305:Official status
294:
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228:
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161:Western Romance
141:Latino-Faliscan
126:
123:Language family
121:
114:
110:
109:Native speakers
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7944:
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7295:
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7276:Judaeo-Spanish
7273:
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7262:
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6467:
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6419:Judaeo-Italian
6416:
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6409:
6396:
6394:
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6387:
6386:
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6096:
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6072:Istro-Romanian
6069:
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6061:
6055:
6054:
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6051:
6046:
6045:
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6020:Major branches
6017:
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6012:classification
6006:
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5956:
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5933:Sign languages
5930:
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5904:
5903:Standard forms
5900:
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5599:
5594:
5589:
5582:
5581:External links
5579:
5577:
5576:
5557:(1): 103–114,
5538:
5536:
5533:
5530:
5529:
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5504:
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5429:(4): 275–293.
5410:
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4795:, also in the
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4697:
4646:Main article:
4643:
4640:
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4592:
4591:
4579:
4570:
4523:, and Italian
4416:
4413:
4412:
4411:
4382:
4319:are feminine:
4309:
4308:
4233:
4232:
4205:are feminine:
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4176:
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3911:
3908:
3898:may represent
3848:cuan, cuestión
3834:
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3502:
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3442:
3441:
3440:in other cases
3435:
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3424:in other cases
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3411:
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3408:in other cases
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2599:
2598:
2597:
2596:
2594:quan, qüestion
2582:
2566:
2564:cuan, cuestión
2555:
2554:
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2551:quan, qüestión
2539:
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2517:
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2514:
2505:
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2024:
2017:
2009:
2008:
2001:
1994:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1955:
1948:
1946:
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1933:
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1709:
1675:teneba, teniba
1664:
1661:
1660:
1659:
1652:
1641:
1618:and sometimes
1555:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1535:
1514:('eight', Sp.
1460:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1418:('woman', Sp.
1388:
1345:
1268:
1181:
1158:
1119:
1116:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1086:
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1024:
1022:Aínsa-Sobrarbe
992:
986:Valle de Hecho
971:Main article:
968:
965:
844:
841:
800:origin of the
682:
679:
665:Valle de Hecho
655:local dialects
509:
508:
495:, you may see
481:
480:
467:
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457:
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356:
348:
347:
346:Language codes
343:
342:
337:
331:
330:
328:
327:
317:
315:
310:
307:
306:
302:
301:
295:
291:Writing system
288:
285:
284:
283:
282:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
234:
230:
229:
227:
226:
225:
224:
223:
222:
221:Old Aragonese
205:
203:
200:
197:
196:
194:
193:
192:
191:
190:
189:
188:
187:
186:
185:
184:
183:
182:
181:
180:
179:
178:
177:
165:(unclassified)
129:
127:
120:
117:
116:
111:
108:
105:
104:
99:
95:
94:
81:
77:
76:
71:
70:Native to
67:
66:
59:
55:
54:
46:
45:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7943:
7932:
7929:
7927:
7924:
7922:
7919:
7917:
7914:
7913:
7911:
7895:
7891:
7889:
7885:
7882:
7880:
7876:
7873:
7872:
7869:
7863:
7862:Proto-Romance
7860:
7859:
7857:
7855:Reconstructed
7853:
7845:
7842:
7840:
7837:
7836:
7835:
7832:
7830:
7829:
7825:
7823:
7822:
7821:British Latin
7818:
7816:
7815:
7811:
7810:
7808:
7804:
7792:
7789:
7787:
7784:
7782:
7779:
7777:
7774:
7773:
7771:
7768:
7765:
7764:
7760:
7759:
7757:
7753:
7745:
7742:
7740:
7737:
7735:
7732:
7730:
7727:
7725:
7722:
7721:
7720:
7717:
7713:
7710:
7708:
7705:
7704:
7703:
7700:
7696:
7693:
7692:
7691:
7688:
7687:
7685:
7683:
7677:
7667:
7666:
7662:
7661:
7660:
7659:
7655:
7651:
7648:
7646:
7643:
7642:
7641:
7640:Vivaro-Alpine
7638:
7634:
7631:
7630:
7629:
7626:
7624:
7621:
7619:
7616:
7614:
7613:
7609:
7605:
7604:
7600:
7598:
7595:
7593:
7590:
7588:
7585:
7584:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7574:
7573:
7570:
7564:
7561:
7559:
7556:
7555:
7553:
7551:
7548:
7546:
7545:
7541:
7537:
7534:
7532:
7529:
7525:
7522:
7520:
7517:
7516:
7515:
7512:
7510:
7507:
7506:
7504:
7502:
7499:
7498:
7497:
7496:
7492:
7491:
7489:
7487:
7481:
7470:
7467:
7464:
7461:
7460:
7458:
7454:
7446:
7445:
7444:Old Navarrese
7441:
7440:
7439:
7438:
7434:
7432:
7429:
7425:
7422:
7421:
7420:
7417:
7415:
7414:
7410:
7409:
7407:
7403:
7397:
7396:
7392:
7388:
7385:
7383:
7380:
7378:
7375:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7353:
7349:
7346:
7345:
7344:
7341:
7340:
7339:
7338:
7334:
7330:
7327:
7323:
7320:
7319:
7318:
7315:
7311:
7308:
7307:
7306:
7303:
7302:
7301:
7300:
7296:
7294:
7293:Equatoguinean
7291:
7289:
7286:
7285:
7284:
7283:
7279:
7277:
7274:
7272:
7269:
7267:
7264:
7263:
7261:
7259:
7255:
7249:
7248:
7244:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7232:
7228:
7225:
7224:
7223:
7222:
7218:
7214:
7211:
7210:
7209:
7208:
7204:
7202:
7199:
7197:
7196:
7192:
7190:
7187:
7186:
7185:
7184:
7180:
7178:
7177:
7173:
7171:
7168:
7163:
7160:
7159:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7149:
7147:
7145:
7141:
7135:
7134:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7121:
7118:
7117:
7116:
7113:
7111:
7108:
7104:
7101:
7100:
7099:
7096:
7095:
7093:
7091:
7087:
7084:
7081:
7074:
7068:
7058:
7057:
7053:
7051:
7050:
7046:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7028:
7026:
7023:
7022:
7019:
7011:
7008:
7006:
7003:
7002:
7001:
6998:
6994:
6991:
6989:
6986:
6985:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6969:
6966:
6962:
6959:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6945:
6944:
6940:
6936:
6933:
6932:
6931:
6928:
6926:
6923:
6921:
6920:
6916:
6915:
6914:
6911:
6910:
6909:
6906:
6904:
6901:
6897:
6894:
6892:
6889:
6887:
6884:
6883:
6882:
6879:
6875:
6874:
6870:
6866:
6863:
6859:
6856:
6855:
6854:
6851:
6849:
6846:
6842:
6839:
6837:
6834:
6832:
6829:
6827:
6824:
6820:
6817:
6815:
6812:
6811:
6810:
6807:
6805:
6802:
6800:
6797:
6793:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6784:
6783:
6780:
6779:
6778:
6775:
6774:
6772:
6770:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6761:
6760:
6759:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6747:Frainc-Comtou
6745:
6741:
6738:
6736:
6733:
6732:
6731:
6728:
6726:
6723:
6721:
6718:
6716:
6713:
6711:
6708:
6707:
6705:
6703:
6697:
6694:
6692:
6686:
6678:
6675:
6674:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6667:
6663:
6657:
6654:
6652:
6649:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6635:
6632:
6631:
6630:
6627:
6625:
6622:
6620:
6617:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6594:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6581:
6578:
6577:
6576:
6573:
6572:
6571:
6568:
6564:
6561:
6559:
6556:
6555:
6554:
6551:
6550:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6543:Judeo-Italian
6541:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6514:
6512:
6509:
6508:
6507:
6504:
6502:
6499:
6497:
6494:
6492:
6489:
6483:
6480:
6478:
6475:
6474:
6473:
6470:
6466:
6463:
6461:
6458:
6457:
6456:
6453:
6452:
6451:
6448:
6447:
6445:
6443:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6430:
6420:
6417:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6407:
6403:
6402:
6401:
6398:
6397:
6395:
6391:
6383:
6380:
6376:
6373:
6371:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6358:
6354:
6351:
6350:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6338:Castelmezzano
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6325:
6324:
6323:
6319:
6318:
6317:
6314:
6308:
6305:
6304:
6303:
6300:
6296:
6293:
6292:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6282:
6281:
6278:
6277:
6275:
6271:
6263:
6260:
6259:
6258:
6257:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6244:
6243:Swiss Italian
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6225:
6224:
6223:
6219:
6215:
6212:
6211:
6210:
6207:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6186:
6183:
6181:
6178:
6176:
6173:
6172:
6171:
6168:
6167:
6166:
6163:
6162:
6160:
6156:
6153:
6151:
6145:
6139:
6138:
6134:
6130:
6127:
6125:
6124:Transylvanian
6122:
6120:
6117:
6115:
6112:
6110:
6107:
6105:
6102:
6100:
6097:
6095:
6092:
6090:
6087:
6086:
6085:
6084:
6083:Daco-Romanian
6080:
6078:
6075:
6073:
6070:
6068:
6065:
6064:
6062:
6060:
6056:
6050:
6047:
6043:
6040:
6038:
6035:
6034:
6033:
6032:Italo-Western
6030:
6028:
6025:
6024:
6022:
6018:
6013:
6009:
6002:
5997:
5995:
5990:
5988:
5983:
5982:
5979:
5967:
5964:
5963:
5961:
5957:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5937:
5935:
5931:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5907:
5905:
5901:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5832:
5830:
5826:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5810:
5807:
5805:
5802:
5800:
5797:
5795:
5792:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5776:
5773:
5770:
5764:
5758:
5754:
5751:
5749:
5746:
5745:
5743:
5739:
5730:
5726:
5725:
5724:
5721:
5719:
5716:
5714:
5710:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5701:
5699:
5695:
5692:
5686:
5679:
5675:
5672:
5671:
5669:
5665:
5661:
5654:
5649:
5647:
5642:
5640:
5635:
5634:
5631:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5615:
5612:
5610:
5606:
5603:
5600:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5585:
5584:
5580:
5570:
5565:
5560:
5556:
5552:
5545:
5540:
5539:
5534:
5526:
5521:
5518:
5511:
5509:
5505:
5502:
5496:
5493:
5485:
5481:
5474:
5473:
5465:
5463:
5461:
5459:
5457:
5455:
5453:
5449:
5444:
5440:
5436:
5432:
5428:
5424:
5417:
5415:
5411:
5407:
5403:
5399:
5395:
5388:
5385:
5379:
5377:9780859890670
5373:
5369:
5368:
5359:
5356:
5351:
5349:9788478200917
5345:
5341:
5337:
5336:
5328:
5326:
5324:
5322:
5318:
5313:
5309:
5302:
5299:
5293:
5288:
5284:
5280:
5273:
5270:
5267:
5262:
5259:
5253:
5250:
5242:
5238:
5231:
5224:
5222:
5218:
5214:on 2010-10-11
5210:
5203:
5202:
5194:
5191:
5186:
5180:
5165:
5163:84-86036-19-4
5159:
5152:
5151:
5143:
5140:
5135:
5131:
5127:
5125:9780262042420
5121:
5117:
5113:
5107:
5104:
5099:
5093:
5085:
5078:
5075:
5070:
5063:
5060:
5053:
5052:
5047:
5042:
5039:
5036:
5030:
5027:
5024:
5018:
5015:
5011:
5007:
5004:
4999:
4996:
4991:
4985:
4977:
4971:
4967:
4966:
4958:
4956:
4952:
4939:
4935:
4928:
4926:
4924:
4922:
4918:
4911:
4907:
4904:
4901:
4900:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4890:
4886:
4880:
4875:
4873:
4871:
4866:
4863:
4856:
4854:
4850:
4847:
4841:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4820:
4818:
4811:
4809:
4802:
4800:
4798:
4793:
4787:
4782:
4770:
4767:
4759:
4749:
4745:
4741:
4735:
4734:
4730:
4725:This section
4723:
4719:
4714:
4713:
4707:
4705:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4688:
4687:
4681:
4675:
4669:
4664:
4661:
4656:
4649:
4641:
4635:
4630:
4627:
4623:
4622:N'hi heba uno
4618:
4617:
4616:
4615:is used for:
4613:
4609:
4605:
4601:
4597:
4588:
4583:
4580:
4576:
4571:
4567:
4562:
4561:
4560:
4559:is used for:
4557:
4553:
4549:
4544:
4541:
4537:
4533:
4527:
4521:
4515:
4509:
4503:
4499:
4494:
4488:
4484:
4479:
4476:
4472:
4468:
4464:
4460:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4440:
4434:
4429:
4426:
4422:
4414:
4408:
4402:
4397:
4396:
4390:
4389:
4383:
4379:
4373:
4367:
4361:
4355:
4349:
4343:
4337:
4331:
4327:
4323:
4318:
4314:
4313:
4312:
4307:
4306:
4300:
4299:
4293:
4292:
4285:
4281:
4277:
4271:
4266:
4265:
4259:
4258:
4252:
4251:
4246:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4238:
4230:
4224:
4218:
4212:
4208:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4195:
4189:
4185:
4184:
4183:
4181:
4174:('daughter').
4172:
4166:
4162:
4161:
4160:
4158:
4150:
4145:
4139:
4133:
4129:
4125:
4119:
4115:
4114:
4113:
4111:
4103:
4101:
4099:
4094:
4090:
4078:
4075:
4067:
4057:
4053:
4049:
4043:
4042:
4038:
4033:This section
4031:
4027:
4022:
4021:
4015:
4013:
4005:
4002:
3999:
3998:
3994:
3991:
3988:
3987:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3974:
3966:
3963:
3960:
3959:
3955:
3952:
3949:
3948:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3938:
3935:
3929:
3927:
3925:
3921:
3917:
3909:
3907:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3881:
3880:jazz, jacuzzi
3877:
3872:
3869:) is spelled
3868:
3859:
3853:
3849:
3841:
3830:
3828:
3824:
3819:
3817:
3815:
3810:
3808:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3789:
3787:
3785:
3781:
3777:
3772:
3771:
3767:
3763:
3761:
3757:
3752:
3750:
3748:
3743:
3741:
3739:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3722:
3720:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3705:
3704:
3701:Spanish model
3700:
3696:
3694:
3690:
3685:
3683:
3681:
3676:
3674:
3672:
3668:
3664:
3660:
3655:
3653:
3651:
3647:
3643:
3638:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3618:
3617:
3614:
3610:
3604:
3602:
3598:
3592:
3590:
3586:
3580:
3577:
3576:
3571:
3565:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3552:
3549:
3546:
3543:
3540:
3536:
3533:
3530:
3526:
3523:
3522:
3521:
3519:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3508:
3499:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3483:
3479:
3476:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3446:
3445:
3439:
3436:
3433:
3430:
3429:
3428:
3423:
3420:
3417:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3407:
3404:
3401:
3398:
3397:
3396:
3391:
3390:
3384:
3380:
3374:
3371:
3369:in some words
3368:
3364:
3361:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3343:
3339:
3333:
3330:
3319:
3318:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3297:
3296:
3293:
3287:
3285:
3279:
3277:
3271:
3265:
3261:
3260:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3227:
3224:
3220:
3217:
3214:
3210:
3207:
3202:
3201:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3186:
3185:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3171:
3170:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3150:
3149:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3128:
3127:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3106:
3105:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3084:
3083:
3080:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3064:as in Spanish
3063:
3060:
3058:
3052:
3049:
3044:
3043:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3022:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3000:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2978:
2977:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2956:
2955:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2940:
2939:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2924:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2909:
2904:
2903:
2900:
2896:
2890:
2888:
2884:
2878:
2876:
2872:
2866:
2860:
2857:Etymological
2856:
2855:
2850:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2788:
2783:
2782:
2777:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2764:
2763:
2759:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2722:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2700:
2699:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2678:
2677:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2609:
2606:
2601:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2565:
2560:as in Spanish
2559:
2556:
2552:
2547:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2519:
2518:
2513:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2457:
2454:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2427:
2424:
2419:
2418:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2397:
2396:
2392:
2389:
2386:
2383:
2382:
2376:
2374:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2356:
2352:
2349:In 2010, the
2348:
2339:
2334:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2234:
2233:
2224:
2212:
2207:
2198:
2197:
2191:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2018:
2015:
2011:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1999:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1986:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1896:
1890:
1887:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1811:
1810:
1801:
1792:
1785:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1761:
1755:
1749:
1743:
1737:
1731:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1714:alto aragonés
1710:
1706:
1700:
1694:
1688:
1682:
1676:
1671:
1667:
1666:
1662:
1653:
1642:
1638:
1632:
1626:
1621:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1603:
1598:
1594:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1571:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1544:
1537:Voiced stops
1536:
1533:
1529:
1524:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1494:
1488:
1482:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1434:
1428:
1422:
1416:
1410:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1379:
1373:
1367:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1336:
1330:
1324:
1318:
1312:
1306:
1302:, Gal./Port.
1300:
1294:
1290:('done', Sp.
1288:
1282:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1262:
1253:
1247:
1241:
1232:
1223:
1217:
1211:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1143:
1137:
1131:
1126:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1109:
1100:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1036:, Bisagorri,
1035:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1019:
1018:Yebra de Basa
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
996:
993:
991:
987:
983:
980:
977:
976:
974:
966:
964:
962:
958:
953:
951:
947:
943:
939:
934:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
859:
849:
842:
840:
838:
832:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
809:
807:
803:
799:
795:
790:
788:
784:
780:
775:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
736:
734:
733:
728:
724:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
687:
680:
678:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
645:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
594:
589:
584:
583:
571:
535:
528:
524:
520:
515:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
488:
482:
475:
472:
464:
459:
454:
448:
443:
439:
435:
433:
429:
426:
423:
421:
417:
413:
409:
407:
406:
401:
397:
393:
390:
385:
380:
375:
372:
367:
362:
357:
354:
349:
344:
341:
338:
336:
332:
325:
322:
321:
320:
316:
308:
303:
299:
296:
292:
286:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
240:
237:
236:
235:
220:
219:
218:
215:
214:
213:
210:
209:
208:
204:
198:
176:
173:
172:
171:
167:
166:
164:
163:
162:
159:
158:
157:
156:Italo-Western
154:
153:
152:
149:
148:
147:
144:
143:
142:
139:
138:
137:
134:
133:
132:
131:Indo-European
128:
124:
118:
112:
106:
103:
100:
96:
93:
90:and northern
89:
85:
82:
78:
75:
72:
68:
64:
60:
58:Pronunciation
56:
52:
47:
42:
37:
33:
19:
7883:
7874:
7826:
7819:
7812:
7761:
7663:
7656:
7618:Languedocien
7610:
7603:Judeo-Gascon
7601:
7542:
7493:
7463:Barranquenho
7442:
7435:
7418:
7411:
7393:
7335:
7297:
7280:
7271:Extremaduran
7245:
7219:
7205:
7193:
7181:
7174:
7131:
7090:Asturleonese
7054:
7047:
7005:West Walloon
6993:Saintongeais
6941:
6917:
6913:Anglo-Norman
6871:
6804:Newfoundland
6764:Jersey Legal
6756:
6664:
6629:Southwestern
6612:Vallassinese
6501:Gallo-Picene
6442:Gallo-Italic
6404:
6320:
6315:
6254:
6220:
6135:
6081:
5809:Erromintxela
5766:Unrecognised
5747:
5554:
5550:
5520:
5495:
5482:: Mercator.
5471:
5426:
5422:
5405:
5401:
5397:
5387:
5366:
5358:
5339:
5334:
5311:
5307:
5301:
5282:
5278:
5272:
5261:
5252:
5236:
5209:the original
5200:
5193:
5168:. Retrieved
5149:
5142:
5115:
5106:
5083:
5077:
5068:
5062:
5049:
5041:
5029:
5017:
4998:
4964:
4942:. Retrieved
4940:(in Spanish)
4937:
4897:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4860:
4851:
4836:
4828:
4824:
4815:
4806:
4777:
4762:
4753:
4738:Please help
4726:
4702:
4684:
4653:
4651:
4607:
4599:
4593:
4551:
4545:
4535:
4480:
4470:
4462:
4448:
4418:
4392:
4385:
4325:
4316:
4310:
4302:
4295:
4288:
4279:
4270:a castanyera
4261:
4254:
4247:
4240:
4236:
4234:
4202:
4200:
4177:
4154:
4107:
4085:
4070:
4061:
4046:Please help
4034:
4011:
3972:
3933:
3913:
3895:
3891:
3887:
3879:
3875:
3870:
3866:
3860:
3851:
3847:
3839:
3837:
3826:
3822:
3820:
3813:
3811:
3804:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3790:
3783:
3779:
3775:
3773:
3759:
3755:
3753:
3746:
3744:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3725:
3723:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3706:
3692:
3688:
3686:
3679:
3677:
3670:
3666:
3662:
3658:
3656:
3649:
3645:
3641:
3639:
3623:
3612:
3608:
3600:
3596:
3588:
3584:
3569:
3563:
3559:
3554:
3550:
3544:
3538:
3534:
3528:
3524:
3517:
3512:
3506:
3503:
3493:
3492:that became
3489:
3485:
3481:
3477:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3458:
3454:
3437:
3431:
3421:
3415:
3405:
3399:
3382:
3381:(Eastern) =
3378:
3372:
3366:
3362:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3331:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3291:
3283:
3275:
3263:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3232:
3228:
3222:
3218:
3212:
3208:
3193:
3188:
3178:
3173:
3163:
3158:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3078:
3072:
3067:
3061:
3056:
3050:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3016:
3011:
3006:
2994:
2989:
2984:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2947:
2942:
2932:
2927:
2917:
2912:
2898:
2894:
2886:
2882:
2874:
2870:
2858:
2848:
2844:
2839:
2835:
2826:
2822:
2817:
2813:
2804:
2800:
2795:
2791:
2775:
2771:
2766:
2757:
2753:
2748:
2739:
2735:
2730:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2648:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2629:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2593:
2588:
2584:
2579:
2575:
2569:
2563:
2557:
2550:
2545:
2541:
2536:
2532:
2526:
2511:
2507:
2502:
2493:
2489:
2484:
2475:
2471:
2466:
2452:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2425:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2366:
2360:
2231:
2221:October 2023
2218:
2210:
1773:
1669:
1654:The palatal
1619:
1615:
1611:
1596:
1592:
1564:
1560:
1547:approximants
1531:
1527:
1469:
1465:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1275:
1271:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1139:('son', Sp.
1124:
1105:
1054:
1026:
994:
978:
954:
935:
856:
854:
833:
810:
791:
776:
759:
737:
730:
692:
646:
626:Alto Gállego
533:
532:
484:
432:Linguasphere
403:
212:Vulgar Latin
174:
31:
7839:Campidanese
7665:Old Catalan
7658:Old Occitan
7395:Old Spanish
7329:Rioplatense
7133:Old Leonese
6961:Cotentinais
6925:Guernésiais
6848:Frenchville
6841:New England
6720:Bourbonnais
6672:Piedmontese
6666:Old Lombard
6558:Bergamasque
6482:Sammarinese
5697:Co-official
5614:A.C. Nogará
5292:2445/108282
4786:costumbrist
4658: [
4655:Liber Regum
4407:L'Alcanadre
4006:las/ras/as
4003:los/ros/os
3922:, but also
3728:a, cheograf
3661:a, cheograf
3280:Not written
2879:Not written
2393:Grafía SLA
2355:orthography
2192:Orthography
2084:Approximant
1748:cuculliatam
1174:Ribagorzano
760:Reconquista
732:Reconquista
608:valleys of
521:languages:
517:Map of the
499:instead of
201:Early forms
7910:Categories
7886:indicates
7844:Logudorese
7377:Philippine
7343:Andalusian
7337:Peninsular
7227:Estremenho
7183:Portuguese
7110:Cantabrian
6943:Law French
6935:Sercquiais
6769:Meridional
6730:Champenois
6725:Burgundian
6536:Tabarchino
6526:Monégasque
6465:Parmigiano
6322:Neapolitan
6295:Manduriano
6262:Florentine
6129:Wallachian
6099:Bukovinian
5865:Portuguese
5794:Cantabrian
5741:Recognised
5480:Leeuwarden
5170:2008-10-14
5051:Ethnologue
4944:14 January
4912:References
4642:Literature
4336:a Cinqueta
4305:almendrera
4016:Lexicology
3981:Masculine
3942:Masculine
3795:a, geograf
3498:Benasquese
2296:grafia SLA
1897:Consonants
907:Sabiñánigo
673:(from the
277:Ribagorçan
267:Benasquese
7894:varieties
7877:indicate
7834:Sardinian
7791:Triestine
7739:Sursilvan
7650:Mentonasc
7628:Provençal
7577:Auvergnat
7563:Valencian
7519:Mallorcan
7509:Algherese
7484:Occitano-
7431:Navarrese
7419:Aragonese
7355:Castilian
7258:Castilian
7234:Uruguayan
7207:Brazilian
7170:Minderico
7164:/Eonavian
7127:Mirandese
7041:Valdôtain
7027:/Arpitan
6968:Orléanais
6919:Auregnais
6903:Mayennais
6853:Louisiana
6735:Ardennais
6715:Berrichon
6521:Intemelio
6477:Forlivese
6460:Bolognese
6406:Dalmatian
6370:Tarantino
6333:Benevento
6290:Salentino
6250:Sassarese
6214:Gallurese
6197:Romanesco
6150:Dalmatian
6114:Moldavian
6109:Maramureș
6067:Aromanian
5880:Ukrainian
5840:Bulgarian
5784:Estremeñu
5768:languages
5748:Aragonese
5713:Valencian
5690:languages
5515:Learning.
5443:144326159
5404:: 16–17.
5179:cite book
5134:636283146
5092:cite book
5046:Aragonese
4984:cite book
4799:dialect.
4756:July 2016
4727:does not
4629:Allatives
4582:Ablatives
4511:, French
4421:partitive
4354:a Noguera
4276:a tellera
4257:manzanera
4197:('leaf').
4064:July 2016
4035:does not
3989:Singular
3984:Feminine
3950:Singular
3945:Feminine
3825:ven, cant
3782:cia, serv
3758:ben, cant
3715:zia, serb
3691:ven, cant
3648:cia, serv
3385:(Western)
2368:aljamiado
2342:replaces
2047:Fricative
1975:voiceless
1766:cogullada
1754:cocullata
1579:('big'),
1205:devoicing
1178:Ribagorçà
1089:Phonology
1070:Almudévar
1050:Estadilla
998:Panticosa
895:Estadilla
875:Barbastro
831:of 1707.
798:Castilian
723:Ribagorza
677:Valley).
622:Jacetania
534:Aragonese
425:Aragonese
405:Glottolog
389:ISO 639-3
371:ISO 639-2
353:ISO 639-1
207:Old Latin
175:Aragonese
102:Aragonese
98:Ethnicity
44:Aragonese
7770:Venetian
7744:Vallader
7734:Surmiran
7707:Cadorino
7690:Friulian
7623:Limousin
7592:Béarnese
7554:Western
7536:Northern
7524:Menorcan
7514:Balearic
7505:Eastern
7501:dialects
7360:Castrapo
7317:Peruvian
7288:dialects
7221:European
7189:dialects
7176:Portugis
7157:Galician
7098:Asturian
7036:Savoyard
6988:Poitevin
6956:Cauchois
6930:Jèrriais
6777:Canadian
6656:Varesino
6651:Ticinese
6639:Novarese
6634:Cremunés
6624:Ossolano
6619:Milanese
6607:Lecchese
6575:Brianzöö
6506:Ligurian
6472:Romagnol
6353:Arianese
6348:Irpinian
6343:Cilentan
6307:Pantesco
6302:Sicilian
6273:Southern
6209:Corsican
6185:Macerata
6180:Fabriano
6119:Oltenian
6089:dialects
6049:Southern
5959:See also
5925:Galician
5914:Asturian
5870:Romanian
5753:Asturian
5718:Galician
5605:Archived
5569:archived
5484:Archived
5241:Archived
5114:(2008).
5006:Archived
4797:southern
4425:locative
4415:Pronouns
4401:O Flumen
4372:La Uerva
4366:La Uecha
4360:a Isuela
4342:a Garona
4298:ciresera
4284:o tilero
4165:filia(m)
4149:squirrel
4118:filiu(m)
4089:Pyrenees
3995:la/ra/a
3992:lo/ro/o
3967:las/les
3930:Articles
3724:mitoloch
3657:mitoloch
3632:oxytones
3553:before
3537:before
3466:before
3457:before
3346:xoriguer
2899:hivierno
2895:história
2875:hibierno
2871:historia
2510:before
2492:before
2363:Moriscos
2340:⟩
2336:⟨
2288:⟩
2284:⟨
1920:Alveolar
1778:geminate
1760:cogujada
1563:but not
1338:, Port.
1226:/ˈxoβen/
1183:Romance
1074:Alguezra
1042:Perarrúa
967:Dialects
938:Zaragoza
931:El Grado
899:Benasque
858:comarcas
821:Philip V
719:Sobrarbe
703:Pyrenees
675:Benasque
657:such as
630:Sobrarbe
614:comarcas
606:Pyrenees
602:dialects
588:aragonés
525:in red,
505:Help:IPA
453:dialects
438:51-AAA-d
412:arag1245
252:Aisinian
247:Navalese
233:Dialects
92:Zaragoza
51:aragonés
32:Aragonés
7875:Italics
7776:Chipilo
7719:Romansh
7682:Romance
7680:Rhaeto-
7645:Gardiol
7597:Landese
7587:Aranese
7572:Occitan
7531:Central
7495:Catalan
7486:Romance
7387:Creoles
7382:Saharan
7370:Murcian
7348:Llanito
7305:Chilean
7282:Spanish
7239:Creoles
7213:Mineiro
7195:African
7120:Riberan
7115:Leonese
7080:Iberian
7073:Romance
7000:Walloon
6973:Paydret
6951:Augeron
6891:Vosgien
6886:Gaumais
6881:Lorrain
6873:Creoles
6836:Muskrat
6782:Acadian
6710:Angevin
6700:Langues
6691:Romance
6597:Comasco
6570:Western
6563:Cremish
6553:Eastern
6548:Lombard
6516:Genoese
6511:Brigasc
6455:Emilian
6433:Western
6412:Istriot
6375:Vastese
6360:Molisan
6222:Italian
6158:Central
6104:Crișana
6059:Eastern
6042:Western
6027:Eastern
5910:Spanish
5875:Russian
5850:Italian
5845:English
5819:Tarifit
5757:Leonese
5729:Aranese
5723:Occitan
5709:Catalan
5674:Spanish
4899:Arredol
4748:removed
4733:sources
4498:Occitan
4483:Catalan
4395:Galligo
4330:a Cinga
4322:a Cinca
4291:olivera
4264:nuquera
4229:la amor
4223:a color
4217:a calor
4211:a honor
4127:('son')
4098:English
4056:removed
4041:sources
4000:Plural
3964:els/es
3961:Plural
3924:Spanish
3920:Catalan
3916:Occitan
3910:Grammar
3791:mitolog
3778:ria, gr
3711:ria, gr
3644:ria, gr
3624:in bold
3601:lecsico
3539:a, o, u
3529:a, o, u
3527:before
3459:a, o, u
2887:ibierno
2883:istoria
2847:before
2838:before
2825:before
2816:before
2803:before
2794:before
2774:before
2756:before
2738:before
2641:before
2587:before
2578:before
2544:before
2535:before
2474:before
2333:digraph
2323:before
2270:before
2211:updated
2119:lateral
2090:central
1969:Plosive
1925:Palatal
1820:Central
1763:, Cat.
1702:, Cat.
1693:dormiba
1684:, Cat.
1567:, e.g.
1543:lenited
1541:may be
1539:/b,d,ɡ/
1520:, Cat.
1490:, Cat.
1448:, Cat.
1433:acuc'la
1424:, Cat.
1409:muliere
1406:, e.g.
1381:, Cat.
1363:, e.g.
1332:, Gal.
1326:, Cat.
1296:, Cat.
1265:/ʒəˈla/
1258:, Cat.
1256:/eˈlaɾ/
1235:/ˈʒoβə/
1228:, Cat.
1210:iuvenem
1145:, Cat.
1082:Pertusa
1002:Biescas
883:Chistén
825:Spanish
796:), the
794:Spanish
770:to the
748:Catalan
681:History
642:Spanish
527:Occitan
523:Catalan
501:Unicode
281:Central
262:Aragüés
151:Romance
7806:Others
7786:Talian
7781:Fiuman
7755:Others
7695:Fornes
7633:Niçard
7582:Gascon
7550:Patuet
7456:Others
7365:Castúo
7071:Ibero-
7031:Faetar
6978:Picard
6908:Norman
6896:Welche
6819:Magoua
6809:Quebec
6799:Brayon
6758:French
6740:Rémois
6689:Gallo-
6644:Pavese
6602:Laghée
6580:Canzés
6531:Royasc
6393:Others
6328:Barese
6256:Tuscan
6202:Sabino
6175:Ancona
6148:Italo-
5918:Basque
5887:, etc.
5860:German
5855:French
5835:Arabic
5799:Darija
5704:Basque
5441:
5374:
5346:
5160:
5132:
5122:
4972:
4677:, and
4634:Vés-be
4428:clitic
4348:L'Arba
4250:perera
4194:fuella
4138:olu(m)
4132:sciuru
4104:Gender
4093:French
3867:jabugo
3812:atenci
3799:a, Mar
3745:atenzi
3732:a, Mar
3678:atenci
3665:a, Mar
3613:lexico
3611:, and
3599:, but
3589:lexico
3587:, and
3344:as in
3079:anyada
3057:anyada
2373:Arabic
2365:wrote
2319:, and
2266:, and
2244:Huesca
2014:voiced
1915:Dental
1910:Labial
1802:Vowels
1739:, Fr.
1724:cletam
1719:Gascon
1705:dormia
1699:dormía
1668:Latin
1637:grande
1599:(Cat.
1582:factum
1570:grande
1526:, Pt.
1496:, Pt.
1481:viella
1475:vet'la
1451:agulla
1439:agulla
1427:muller
1415:muller
1311:multum
1281:factum
1246:chelar
1240:gelare
1216:choven
1168:, Pt.
1162:llave,
1151:, Pt.
1130:filium
1094:Traits
1078:Angüés
1062:Ayerbe
1058:Agüero
1014:Bielsa
957:Aragon
950:Teruel
942:Huesca
929:, and
923:Ayerbe
879:Bielsa
871:Monzón
863:Huesca
813:allies
787:Rhodes
781:, the
764:Murcia
715:Aragon
707:Basque
670:patués
663:(from
632:, and
610:Aragon
579:-ə-gə-
476:(2010)
471:UNESCO
324:Aragon
136:Italic
88:Huesca
84:Aragon
80:Region
34:, see
7729:Putèr
7724:Jauer
7712:Nones
7702:Ladin
7201:Asian
6858:Houma
6831:Métis
6814:Joual
6787:Chiac
6752:Gallo
6702:d'oïl
6094:Banat
5572:(PDF)
5547:(PDF)
5487:(PDF)
5476:(PDF)
5439:S2CID
5338:[
5310:[
5281:[
5244:(PDF)
5233:(PDF)
5212:(PDF)
5205:(PDF)
5154:(PDF)
4662:]
4241:-aria
4191:>
4188:folia
4171:filla
4168:>
4141:>
4124:fillo
4121:>
3379:baixo
3338:baixo
3299:/u,w/
3068:añada
2169:Trill
1937:Nasal
1930:Velar
1832:Close
1815:Front
1788:/e,o/
1751:>
1742:claie
1736:cleda
1730:cleta
1727:>
1687:tenia
1681:tenía
1625:hecho
1622:(Sp.
1588:feito
1585:>
1573:>
1511:ueito
1508:>
1499:velha
1493:vella
1487:vieja
1478:>
1464:Open
1445:aguja
1436:>
1421:mujer
1412:>
1400:-t'l-
1396:-c'l-
1372:coixo
1369:>
1341:muito
1335:moito
1323:mucho
1317:muito
1314:>
1305:feito
1293:hecho
1287:feito
1284:>
1261:gelar
1252:helar
1243:>
1222:joven
1213:>
1170:chave
1164:Cat.
1154:filho
1136:fillo
1133:>
1066:Uesca
1046:Graus
1038:Campo
1030:Benás
1010:Broto
1006:Torla
990:Chaca
948:, or
927:Broto
903:Campo
867:Graus
727:Moors
667:) or
660:cheso
650:fabla
319:Spain
298:Latin
272:Hecho
146:Latin
74:Spain
7884:Bold
7469:Caló
7152:Fala
7078:West
5804:Caló
5789:Fala
5372:ISBN
5362:see
5344:ISBN
5185:link
5158:ISBN
5130:OCLC
5120:ISBN
5098:link
4990:link
4970:ISBN
4946:2020
4731:any
4729:cite
4529:and
4517:and
4505:and
4490:and
4456:and
4436:and
4433:inde
4423:and
4388:Ebro
4237:-era
4039:any
4037:cite
3918:and
3890:and
3884:/tʃ/
3844:/kw/
3803:a, r
3774:hist
3770:Ex:
3736:a, r
3703:Ex:
3669:a, r
3640:hist
3636:Ex:
3607:Ex:
3595:Ex:
3583:Ex:
3568:Ex:
3555:e, i
3516:Ex:
3505:Ex:
3468:e, i
3383:baxo
3377:Ex:
3356:baxo
3354:Ex:
3336:Ex:
3321:/jʃ/
3290:Ex:
3282:Ex:
3274:Ex:
3077:Ex:
3066:Ex:
3055:Ex:
2893:Ex:
2881:Ex:
2869:Ex:
2849:e, i
2840:a, o
2827:e, i
2818:a, o
2805:e, i
2796:a, o
2785:/ɡw/
2776:e, i
2758:e, i
2740:e, i
2647:Ex:
2643:e, i
2621:Ex:
2611:Ex:
2603:/tʃ/
2592:Ex:
2589:e, i
2580:a, o
2562:Ex:
2549:Ex:
2546:e, i
2537:a, o
2521:/kw/
2512:e, i
2494:e, i
2476:e, i
2451:Ex:
2447:b, v
2440:Ex:
2430:Ex:
2426:b, v
2327:and
2293:The
2274:and
2250:and
2236:The
2147:Flap
1878:Open
1825:Back
1781:/ll/
1774:-ll-
1649:>
1645:>
1631:gran
1602:gran
1595:and
1576:gran
1532:only
1528:oito
1523:vuit
1517:ocho
1505:octō
1392:-lj-
1384:coix
1378:cojo
1366:coxu
1357:scj-
1353:-ps-
1329:molt
1276:-ct-
1272:-lt-
1231:jove
1166:clau
1148:fill
1142:hijo
1110:and
1034:Plan
982:Ansó
919:Ansó
915:Plan
911:Jaca
891:Echo
887:Fonz
721:and
695:Ebro
581:NEEZ
257:Ansó
5559:doi
5431:doi
5287:hdl
5048:at
4938:ABC
4742:by
4543:).
4439:ibi
4203:-or
4050:by
3956:la
3953:el
3906:).
3904:/w/
3902:or
3900:/b/
3863:/x/
3856:/ɲ/
3854:);
3829:van
3786:cio
3762:ban
3719:zio
3707:ist
3695:ban
3652:cio
3496:in
3448:/θ/
3393:/j/
3326:/ʃ/
3241:/t/
3204:/s/
3152:/r/
3130:/ɾ/
3108:/p/
3086:/o/
3046:/ɲ/
3024:/n/
3002:/m/
2980:/ʎ/
2958:/l/
2906:/i/
2724:/ɡ/
2702:/f/
2680:/e/
2658:/d/
2460:/k/
2421:/b/
2399:/a/
1998:t͡ʃ
1855:Mid
1795:/r/
1776:as
1745:),
1690:),
1670:-b-
1656:/j/
1608:fet
1545:to
1430:),
1349:-x-
1308:),
1299:fet
1237:),
1193:gi-
1189:ge-
785:in
766:by
616:of
577:ARR
487:IPA
420:ELP
396:arg
379:arg
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5885:Wu
5755:/
5711:/
5567:,
5555:37
5553:,
5549:,
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5090:{{
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4954:^
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4502:ne
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4404:,
4398:,
4393:O
4391:,
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4317:-a
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4289:a
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3174:rr
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2995:ll
2990:ll
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2897:,
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2836:gu
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