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and attacked indigenous people for years. It is estimated that more than 5000 native peoples were killed or captured in that major assault, which was facilitated by the new
Remington rifle arming the 6,000 Argentine soldiers (as stated by Gen. Ignacio Fotheringham) . However, the losses to the Army
256:
were minimal, with only 13 soldiers killed; the lop-sided victory was taken as proof of
European superiority and celebrated in art. Until December 2012, the 100 peso bill of Argentina had a picture honoring the Conquest of the Desert on one side.
159:, Mapudungun was among the few Amerindian languages that expanded in use on the continents after the beginning of European colonization. This area of Patagonia was generally isolated from European settlement until late in the 19th century..
162:
The
Mapuche who migrated to Patagonia lived often as nomads. As European settlers established frontier settlements, the Mapuche raided them for cattle or looted their produce. They drove off the cattle stolen in the incursions
213:, started to fight the Boreanos tribe. However, other sources directly contradict this statement, saying that de Rosas contacted the leader in Chile for help fighting against the Boreanos tribe . In 1859, Calfucurá attacked
232:. Both Argentina and Chile claimed Patagonia. The Argentine government feared that in case of war, the natives would side with the Chileans, who would be able to carry the war all the way to the vicinity of
251:, resulting in the deaths of 300 settlers and the loss of 200,000 head of cattle, which the Mapuche drove back to Chile. After this, Argentina organized its forces to launch what it called the
537:
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169:) and took them to Chile through the mountain passes to trade for goods, especially alcoholic beverages. The main trail for this trade was called
919:
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248:
505:
120:. Historians disagree over the time period during which the expansion took place, but estimate it occurred roughly between 1550 and 1850.
57:
392:
228:
Argentine authorities were worried that strong connections between the
Araucanized tribes and Chile would give Chile influence over the
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217:
in
Argentina with 3,000 warriors. Many other bands of Mapuche also became involved in the internal conflicts of Argentina until the
79:
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221:. In the 1870s, to counter the cattle raids (and the native peoples on horseback), Argentina constructed a deep trench, called
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In 1872, Calfucurá and his 6,000 followers went across the pampas to attack the cities of
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338:
Perry, Richard O. (1980). "Argentina and Chile: The
Struggle for Patagonia 1843-1881".
143:
language as their main language (both of their names are in
Mapudungun). Together with
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and ran a length of about 1,000 kilometres (600 mi) from
29:
1143:
27:
Expansion of
Mapuche culture and language in South America
333:
331:
1574:
1471:
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1223:
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205:around 1830 to aid the indigenous people, after
314:. Lanham, MD: Alta Mira Press. pp. 62–63.
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80:Learn how and when to remove this message
43:This article includes a list of general
302:
1683:Indigenous topics of the Southern Cone
104:) was the process of the expansion of
7:
116:across the Andes into the plains of
1546:Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia
276:Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia
49:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
1443:Federación Mapuche de Estudiantes
1647:
1646:
1214:
34:
102:Araucanización de la Patagonia
1:
1453:Resistencia Ancestral Mapuche
281:List of Mapudungun placenames
1433:Consejo de Todas las Tierras
982:Romanization of the writings
108:culture, influence, and its
1541:Desert Campaign (1833–1834)
1516:Araucanization of Patagonia
1438:Coordinadora Arauco-Malleco
1096:Forced religious conversion
94:Araucanization of Patagonia
1704:
1644:
1212:
1059:Vergangenheitsbewältigung
944:Assimilation by religions
415:
970:Assimilation by writings
1556:Occupation of Araucanía
286:Occupation of Araucanía
64:more precise citations.
1551:Conquest of the Desert
1536:Camino de los chilenos
1076:Cultural globalization
271:Conquest of the Desert
253:Conquest of the Desert
219:Conquest of the Desert
171:Camino de los chilenos
123:Amerindian peoples of
101:
1678:Cultural assimilation
1448:Mapuche football team
409:Cultural assimilation
310:Bodley, John (2008).
175:Buenos Aires Province
1688:History of Patagonia
1426:Extant organizations
1113:Internal colonialism
1081:Cultural imperialism
762:Northern Afghanistan
207:Juan Manuel de Rosas
1491:Battle of the Maule
1296:Rüxafe (silverwork)
1118:Jewish assimilation
1091:Forced assimilation
629:or Castilianization
312:Victims of Progress
245:Veinticinco de Mayo
110:Mapudungun language
742:Montenegrinization
209:, the governor of
201:from Chile to the
1660:
1659:
1640:
1639:
1617:Las Canoas (1793)
1463:Weichán Auka Mapu
1141:
1140:
1108:Identity politics
997:
996:
727:Macedonianization
321:978-0-7591-1148-6
90:
89:
82:
16:(Redirected from
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1649:
1572:
1566:Mapuche conflict
1496:Spanish invasion
1218:
1168:
1161:
1154:
1145:
1086:Dominant culture
1069:Related concepts
1031:De-russification
1019:De-stalinization
1014:De-communization
951:Christianization
941:
793:or Latinization
747:Norwegianization
723:or Hungarization
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538:Colombianization
440:Native Americans
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183:Neuquén Province
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60:this article by
51:inline citations
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1673:Mapuche history
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1531:Guerra a muerte
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1133:Monoculturalism
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1053:De-sinicization
1026:De-nazification
1002:Opposite trends
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821:Sanskritization
786:Romanianization
752:Pakistanization
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627:Hispanicization
617:Hawaiianization
573:Europeanization
568:Estonianization
523:Canadianization
430:Americanization
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223:Zanja de Alsina
179:mountain passes
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1612:Negrete (1793)
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1607:Negrete (1726)
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1602:Malloco (1671)
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1123:Language shift
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1009:De-arabization
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935:Zairianization
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925:Westernization
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920:Vietnamization
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873:Talibanization
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826:Serbianization
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816:Saffronization
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769:Persianization
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645:Indigenization
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563:Dutchification
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513:Bosniakization
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484:Araucanization
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420:Africanization
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241:General Alvear
139:, adopted the
127:, such as the
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18:Araucanization
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1561:1881 uprising
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1486:Inca invasion
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1103:Globalization
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1079:
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1036:Korenizatsiia
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1029:
1027:
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1010:
1007:
1006:
1004:
1000:
988:
985:
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977:Cyrillization
975:
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942:
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910:Ukrainization
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903:
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893:Turkification
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878:Taiwanization
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868:Swedification
866:
864:
863:Swahilization
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858:Sovietization
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853:Slovakization
851:
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848:Slavicization
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831:Sinhalization
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721:Magyarization
719:
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709:
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706:Kurdification
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701:Koreanization
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689:Kazakhization
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655:Israelization
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633:Indianization
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622:Hellenization
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612:Germanization
610:
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602:Gaelicization
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585:Finnicization
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533:Chilenization
531:
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528:Celticization
526:
524:
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518:Bulgarization
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507:
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501:Bengalization
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452:Anglicization
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291:War of Arauco
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84:
81:
73:
70:November 2013
63:
59:
53:
52:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
1651:
1597:Boroa (1651)
1515:
1057:
1041:Latinization
987:Soviet Union
961:Islamization
930:Wolofization
915:Uzbekization
888:Thaification
883:Tamilization
836:Sinicization
791:Romanization
781:Polonization
732:Malayization
684:Javanization
672:Japanization
650:Indonezation
590:Francization
558:Czechization
548:Croatization
543:Creolization
483:
425:Albanization
343:
340:The Americas
339:
311:
305:
238:
234:Buenos Aires
227:
215:Bahía Blanca
211:Buenos Aires
197:crossed the
189:
187:
164:
161:
122:
93:
91:
76:
67:
48:
1575:Parliaments
1458:Wallmapuwen
1336:We Tripantu
1128:Melting pot
956:Judaization
692: [
457:Arabization
62:introducing
1667:Categories
1501:Arauco War
1392:Promaucaes
1231:Aillarehue
1199:Placenames
1194:Mapudungun
898:placenames
638:placenames
506:placenames
435:immigrants
297:References
141:Mapudungun
125:the pampas
45:references
1417:Tehuelche
1387:Pehuenche
1377:Mapochoes
1372:Huilliche
1276:Mythology
1241:Chemamull
1236:Butalmapu
1206:Tsesungún
1189:Huilliche
774:societies
462:Armenians
368:147607097
266:Araucanía
195:Calfucurá
137:Tehuelche
133:Pehuenche
118:Patagonia
114:Araucanía
1653:Category
1402:Picunche
1362:Boroanos
1341:Wenufoye
1326:Weichafe
1306:Textiles
1301:Religion
1281:Polygamy
1271:Military
1266:Medicine
1182:Language
595:Brussels
260:See also
1506:Slavery
1473:History
1412:Ranquel
1397:Puelche
1382:Moluche
1346:Wünelfe
1224:Culture
1175:Mapuche
1046:Ukraine
809:Finland
467:Berbers
177:to the
166:malones
157:Nahuatl
153:Guarani
145:Quechua
129:Puelche
106:Mapuche
98:Spanish
58:improve
1481:Origin
1367:Cuncos
1331:Werkén
472:Blacks
366:
360:981291
358:
318:
230:pampas
203:Pampas
155:, and
149:Aymara
135:, and
47:, but
1511:Malón
1321:Wampu
1316:Ulmen
1286:Rehue
1261:Machi
1256:Lonko
1246:Kalku
841:Tibet
797:names
696:]
660:names
445:names
364:S2CID
356:JSTOR
199:Andes
191:lonco
112:from
1407:Poya
1311:Toki
1291:Ruka
1251:Kuel
494:soft
477:Jews
316:ISBN
247:and
188:The
92:The
348:doi
181:of
1669::
694:ru
362:.
354:.
344:36
342:.
330:^
243:,
236:.
185:.
151:,
147:,
131:,
100::
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1160:t
1153:v
401:e
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387:v
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350::
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