142:
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is not native to Hawaii, having been introduced there from India, any
Hawaiian practices involving it are unlikely to be of any antiquity. It cannot, however, be ruled out that the plant may have been utilised as an intoxicant in its native India at some time in the past, although evidence for this
1295:
Other traditional uses are in the treatment of gonorrhea, strangury, chronic ulcers, diabetes, anemia, and cerebral disorders. The plant is also used as appetizer, brain tonic, cardiotonic, and aphrodisiac. It possesses anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal
1830:
1247:, making a threshold dose level for LSA (D-Lysergic Acid Amide) about 500 μg. The psychoactive effects of the seeds may therefore be due to other alkaloids present in them and the safe and effective dose may be difficult to predict.
533:
No. 3) in full light, and watered freely from spring to autumn, with a balanced liquid fertilizer applied monthly and reduced water in winter. It is grown outdoors in moderately fertile, moist but well-drained soil in full sun.
1696:
Paulke, Alexander; Kremer, Christian; Wunder, Cora; Wurglics, Mario; Schubert-Zsilavecz, Manfred; Toennes, Stefan W. (2014). "Identification of legal highs--ergot alkaloid patterns in two
Argyreia nervosa products".
1242:
varying considerably in concentration with LSA weight ranging between exactly similar looking seeds from 3 μg to 34 μg (avg 17 μg). However, in its effects, LSA is about one tenth as potent as its cousin
2283:
2063:
1229:
effects, but it has not yet been demonstrated satisfactorily that their use as an entheogen predates the various countercultural movements of the 1960s. Given that
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1664:
657:
153:
2378:
2388:
2383:
2011:
2296:
2257:
2089:
2024:
1416:
Paulke, Alexander; et al. (2015). "Studies on the alkaloid composition of the
Hawaiian Baby Woodrose Argyreia nervosa, a common legal high".
1340:
1331:
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1115:
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Chao JM, Der
Marderosian AH (1973). "Ergoline alkaloidal constituents of Hawaiian baby wood rose, Argyreia nervosa (Burmf) Bojer".
2270:
2050:
648:
96:
68:
53:
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of ergine to be found in the seeds at a concentration of 0.325% of dry weight. A more recent study reported presence of
75:
141:
2231:
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1946:
1920:
1363:"Medicinal uses and biological activities of Argyreia speciosa Sweet (Hawaiian Baby Woodrose) — An Overview".
1039:
2309:
2154:
923:
82:
42:
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species, with users reporting significant psychedelic and spiritual experiences. The two botanical varieties are
166:
777:
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2159:
1938:
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64:
388:. Though it can be invasive, it is often prized for its aesthetic and medicinal value. Common names include
300:
2003:
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was not traditionally used for this purpose. Its properties were first brought to attention in the 1960s.
1951:
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Halpern, J.H. (2004). "Hallucinogens and dissociative agents naturally growing in the United States".
1322:
826:
749:
1972:
2373:
1260:
373:
2107:
1378:
E. Al-Assmar, Sami (1999). "The Seeds of the
Hawaiian Baby Woodrose Are a Powerful Hallucinogen".
1205:
drink. This is unlikely to reflect an authentic practice having once formed a part of traditional
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2195:
1964:
1565:
Rahman, A.; Ali, M.; Khan, N. Z. (2003). "Argyroside from
Argyreia nervosa Seeds".
1485:
Although LSD does not occur in nature, a close analogue, lysergic acid amide (LSA,
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1137:
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1769:"Phytochemical investigation of natural and in vitro raised Vṛddhadāruka plants"
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902:
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328:
31:
1637:
The
Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants: Ethnopharmacology and Its Applications
1255:
While he does not claim there to be any evidence for the use of the seeds of
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for the nerves and brain and is ingested as a rejuvenation tonic and
621:
525:, walls, or trees. It is often grown professionally under glass in a
450:
381:
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1847:
19:"Hawaiian baby woodrose" redirects here. For Hawaiian woodrose, see
2275:
2055:
1990:
1184:
545:
178:
1665:"Huna, Max Freedom Long, and the Idealization of William Brigham"
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1977:
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25:
1740:
Wasson, R. Gordon; Hofmann, Albert; Ruck, Carl A. P. (2008).
1197:
sources claim that, according to 'various oral histories'
1743:
The Road to
Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries
1263:
does describe some interesting traditional uses of the
513:
Where temperatures fall below 13 °C (55 °F),
376:
and introduced to numerous areas worldwide, including
1234:(if present) has not yet come to light. The seeds of
2206:
1860:
1089:
911:
859:
737:
598:
56:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1829:Dressler, S.; Schmidt, M. & Zizka, G. (2014).
1544:. Great Britain: Dorling Kindersley. p. 110.
1843:. Frankfurt/Main: Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg.
1365:Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources
1259:as a traditional entheogen in its native India,
497:(tlitliltzin), were used in shamanic rituals of
1630:
1628:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1609:"Entheology.org - Preserving Ancient Knowledge"
1201:shamans used the powdered seeds to prepare an
8:
469:and other alkaloids that contribute to its
412:properties, greater or similar to those of
1848:
1411:
1409:
1075:
898:
846:
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596:Percentage of dry seed weight constituted
578:
140:
129:
1794:
1784:
1251:Uses in the traditional medicine of India
730:Ergoline alkaloids of unknown percentage
481:While several other plants in the family
408:. Its seeds are known for their powerful
116:Learn how and when to remove this message
1358:
1356:
1271:somewhat suggestive of effects upon the
1341:United States Department of Agriculture
1332:Germplasm Resources Information Network
1305:
1767:Bharati, A. J.; Bansal, Y. K. (2014).
2414:Taxa named by Nicolaas Laurens Burman
521:. Elsewhere, it is grown on arbours,
7:
54:adding citations to reliable sources
1312:Glossary Of Indian Medicinal Plants
666:Isolysergic acid hydroxyethylamide
14:
1213:has been widely discredited as a
2379:Flora of the Indian subcontinent
2315:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:266622-1
2160:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:265238-1
1465:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2004.03.003
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30:
2389:Natural sources of lysergamides
2384:Herbal and fungal hallucinogens
1711:10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.06.025
1672:The Hawaiian Journal of History
1453:Pharmacology & Therapeutics
1430:10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.02.011
649:Lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide
41:needs additional citations for
1840:African plants – a Photo Guide
1699:Forensic Science International
1540:Brickell, Christopher (2016).
1418:Forensic Science International
1:
2409:Taxa named by Wenceslas Bojer
1337:Agricultural Research Service
1217:New Age religion invented by
559:)-ergost-5-en-11-oxo-3β-ol-α-
1392:10.1001/archinte.159.17.2090
1189:Hawaiian baby woodrose seeds
2369:Decorative fruits and seeds
1489:) is found in the seeds of
436:for their medicinal value.
2430:
1639:. Park Street Press, U.S.
1635:Rätsch, Christian (2004).
1367:: 286–291. September 2011.
1279:The root is regarded as a
18:
1086:
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824:
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734:
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318:
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162:Scientific classification
160:
148:
139:
132:
2404:Plants described in 1837
2394:Medicinal plants of Asia
1786:10.4103/0257-7941.153463
1746:. North Atlantic Books.
1493:(Hawaiian baby woodrose)
1215:culturally appropriative
538:is done in late winter.
529:-based potting compost (
1773:Ancient Science of Life
1061:12-methylmyristic acid
1579:10.1002/chin.200321168
1519:10.1002/jps.2600620409
1293:
1190:
1068:15-methylstearic acid
551:
442:seeds contain various
390:Hawaiian baby woodrose
1822:PLANTS database entry
1277:
1188:
851:Hydroxycinnamic acids
843:Hydroxycinnamic acids
549:
338:Convolvulus speciosus
2208:Convolvulus nervosus
588:of known percentage
563:-glucopyranoside, a
432:, which are used in
424:described here, and
406:woolly morning glory
50:improve this article
1661:Chai, Makana Risser
1090:Chemical structure
912:Chemical structure
860:Chemical structure
738:Chemical structure
599:Chemical structure
565:steroidal glycoside
517:is grown in a warm
453:. A study reported
400:विधारा (Sanskrit),
374:Indian subcontinent
1613:www.entheology.org
1191:
552:
434:Ayurvedic medicine
65:"Argyreia nervosa"
2351:
2350:
2116:Open Tree of Life
1854:Taxon identifiers
1207:Hawaiian Religion
1178:
1177:
1074:
1073:
1034:Heneicosylic acid
892:
891:
840:
839:
725:
724:
562:
491:(ololiuhqui) and
488:Ipomoea corymbosa
357:
356:
352:
348:Lettsomia nervosa
345:Santaloides minus
342:
335:
325:
321:Argyreia speciosa
126:
125:
118:
100:
21:Merremia tuberosa
2421:
2344:
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2317:
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2292:
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2279:
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2266:
2265:
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2240:
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2199:
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2186:
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1939:Argyreia_nervosa
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1892:Argyreia nervosa
1881:
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1862:Argyreia nervosa
1849:
1844:
1833:Argyreia nervosa
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1808:
1798:
1788:
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1684:
1678:. Archived from
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1491:Argyreia nervosa
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1360:
1351:
1350:
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1347:
1325:Argyreia nervosa
1319:
1313:
1310:
1267:of the plant in
1261:Christian Rätsch
1223:Argyreia nervosa
1219:Max Freedom Long
1174:
1160:
1146:
1132:
1118:
1104:
1076:
1056:
1042:
1019:
1011:Nonadecylic acid
1005:
991:
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926:
918:Myristoleic acid
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579:
569:Argyreia nervosa
560:
515:Argyreia nervosa
494:Ipomoea tricolor
440:Argyreia nervosa
402:elephant creeper
361:Argyreia nervosa
350:
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293:Argyreia nervosa
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150:Argyreia nervosa
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134:Argyreia nervosa
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58:
34:
26:
16:Species of plant
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1321:
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1316:
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1253:
1240:ergot alkaloids
1221:. The seeds of
1183:
1082:of fatty acids
1025:Eicosenoic acid
897:
845:
772:Chanoclavine II
577:
555:Argyroside, (24
544:
511:
501:for centuries,
479:
471:pharmacological
351:(Burm.f.) Roxb.
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275:A. nervosa
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2341:wfo-0001297339
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2196:wfo-0001297164
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1685:on 2021-01-18.
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880:Ethyl caffeate
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857:Compound name
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837:
835:Isosetoclavine
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593:Compound name
590:
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483:Convolvulaceae
478:
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372:native to the
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251:Convolvulaceae
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2264:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2229:
2224:
2218:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2205:
2197:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2178:
2174:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2156:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2104:
2100:
2096:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2078:
2074:
2070:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2039:
2035:
2031:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1974:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1922:
1918:
1914:
1908:
1904:
1898:
1893:
1887:
1883:
1878:
1872:
1868:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1850:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1834:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1815:
1806:
1802:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1763:
1760:
1755:
1753:9781556437526
1749:
1745:
1744:
1736:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1692:
1689:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1666:
1662:
1656:
1653:
1648:
1642:
1638:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1610:
1604:
1601:
1596:
1592:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1561:
1558:
1553:
1551:9780241239124
1547:
1543:
1536:
1533:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1513:(4): 588–91.
1512:
1508:
1507:J. Pharm. Sci
1501:
1498:
1494:
1492:
1488:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1447:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1419:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1374:
1371:
1366:
1359:
1357:
1353:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1333:
1328:
1326:
1318:
1315:
1309:
1306:
1299:
1297:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1228:
1225:can produce
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1209:, given that
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1187:
1180:
1173:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1153:
1152:Linoleic acid
1150:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1097:
1096:Palmitic acid
1094:
1093:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1004:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
990:
986:
984:
981:
980:
977:
975:
972:
971:
967:
963:
961:
960:Linoleic acid
958:
957:
953:
949:
947:
946:Palmitic acid
944:
943:
939:
935:
933:
932:Myristic acid
930:
929:
925:
921:
919:
916:
915:
907:
904:
900:
894:
887:
883:
881:
878:
877:
873:
869:
867:
864:
863:
855:
852:
848:
842:
836:
833:
832:
828:
822:
819:
818:
815:
812:
811:
807:
801:
798:
797:
793:
789:
787:
784:
783:
779:
775:
773:
770:
769:
765:
761:
759:
756:
755:
751:
747:
745:
742:
741:
733:
728:
720:
716:
713:
711:
708:
707:
703:
699:
696:
694:
693:Ergometrinine
691:
690:
686:
682:
679:
677:
674:
673:
669:
667:
664:
663:
659:
652:
650:
647:
646:
642:
638:
635:
633:
630:
629:
625:
623:
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619:
615:
608:
606:
603:
602:
591:
587:
584:
580:
574:
570:
566:
558:
554:
553:
548:
541:
539:
537:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
508:
506:
504:
500:
499:Latin America
496:
495:
490:
489:
484:
476:
474:
472:
468:
467:lysergic acid
464:
460:
456:
455:stereoisomers
452:
448:
445:
441:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
362:
353:
349:
346:
339:
332:
330:
322:
317:
314:
310:
306:
302:
296:
294:
288:
285:
284:Binomial name
281:
277:
276:
271:
268:
267:
264:
263:
259:
256:
255:
252:
249:
246:
245:
242:
239:
236:
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232:
229:
226:
223:
222:
219:
216:
213:
210:
209:
206:
203:
200:
197:
196:
193:
192:Tracheophytes
190:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
168:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
138:
135:
131:
128:
120:
117:
109:
98:
95:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67: –
66:
62:
61:Find sources:
55:
51:
45:
44:
39:This article
37:
33:
28:
27:
22:
2399:Soma (drink)
2207:
1861:
1839:
1832:
1779:(2): 80–84.
1776:
1772:
1762:
1742:
1735:
1702:
1698:
1691:
1680:the original
1675:
1671:
1655:
1636:
1612:
1603:
1573:(21): 60–2.
1570:
1566:
1560:
1541:
1535:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1490:
1486:
1484:
1456:
1452:
1446:
1421:
1417:
1386:(17): 2090.
1383:
1379:
1373:
1364:
1344:. Retrieved
1330:
1324:
1317:
1308:
1296:activities
1294:
1289:intelligence
1287:to increase
1278:
1256:
1254:
1235:
1230:
1227:psychoactive
1222:
1210:
1192:
1138:Behenic acid
1124:Stearic acid
1048:Behenic acid
997:Stearic acid
866:Caffeic acid
758:Festuclavine
710:Chanoclavine
676:Elymoclavine
568:
556:
514:
512:
502:
492:
486:
480:
439:
438:
429:
425:
421:
417:
405:
401:
397:
393:
389:
360:
359:
358:
347:
344:
337:
327:
324:(L.f.) Sweet
320:
319:
292:
290:
274:
273:
261:
224:
211:
198:
185:
149:
133:
127:
112:
103:
93:
86:
79:
72:
60:
48:Please help
43:verification
40:
2134:tro-8500613
2103:NatureServe
2038:iNaturalist
1886:Wikispecies
1424:: 281–293.
1285:aphrodisiac
1203:entheogenic
1087:Fatty acid
903:Fatty acids
895:Fatty acids
821:Setoclavine
814:Isolysergol
744:Agroclavine
632:Ergometrine
509:Cultivation
485:, such as
459:ergometrine
410:entheogenic
396:अधोगुडा or
329:Convolvulus
205:Angiosperms
2374:Entheogens
2358:Categories
2129:Plant List
1567:ChemInform
1346:2010-11-10
1300:References
1257:A. nervosa
1236:A. nervosa
1231:A. nervosa
1110:Oleic acid
1080:Glycosides
983:Oleic acid
567:unique to
550:Argyroside
542:Glycosides
531:John Innes
519:greenhouse
503:A. nervosa
384:, and the
106:April 2010
76:newspapers
2223:Q38631623
2004:200018779
1719:1872-6283
1705:: 62–71.
1587:0931-7597
1181:Entheogen
786:Lysergene
605:Isoergine
586:alkaloids
575:Ergolines
473:effects.
447:alkaloids
386:Caribbean
368:climbing
366:perennial
269:Species:
241:Solanales
175:Kingdom:
152:flowers (
2364:Argyreia
2323:Tropicos
2289:10591334
2276:266621-1
2217:Wikidata
2168:Tropicos
2108:2.144110
2069:10202481
2056:265238-1
1871:Wikidata
1805:25861141
1727:25036782
1663:(2011).
1595:12622256
1481:30734515
1473:15163594
1438:25747328
1400:10510998
1269:Ayurveda
1238:contain
1193:Certain
800:Lysergol
583:Ergoline
523:pergolas
463:lysergol
449:such as
444:ergoline
430:speciosa
394:adhoguda
331:nervosus
313:Synonyms
262:Argyreia
247:Family:
231:Asterids
218:Eudicots
2328:8500829
2183:4948752
2173:8500613
2017:2928692
1877:Q383947
1796:4389397
1527:4698977
1195:New Age
714:0.016%
697:0.011%
680:0.022%
670:0.024%
653:0.035%
636:0.049%
626:0.136%
609:0.188%
536:Pruning
477:History
422:nervosa
414:Ipomoea
398:vidhara
334:Burm.f.
301:Burm.f.
257:Genus:
237:Order:
179:Plantae
154:enlarge
90:scholar
2302:511322
2237:205987
2180:uBio:
2142:PLANTS
2121:990396
2043:158621
1978:580921
1952:422850
1926:116954
1910:APDB:
1900:AoFP:
1803:
1793:
1750:
1725:
1717:
1643:
1593:
1585:
1548:
1525:
1487:ergine
1479:
1471:
1436:
1398:
622:Ergine
451:ergine
382:Africa
378:Hawaii
92:
85:
78:
71:
63:
2284:IRMNG
2263:11310
2147:ARNE4
2095:30824
2064:IRMNG
1991:AGJNE
1965:5VR64
1683:(PDF)
1668:(PDF)
1477:S2CID
1281:tonic
428:var.
426:A. n.
420:var.
418:A. n.
364:is a
305:Bojer
225:Clade
212:Clade
199:Clade
186:Clade
97:JSTOR
83:books
2310:POWO
2297:ITIS
2271:IPNI
2258:GRIN
2250:XZGL
2232:APNI
2155:POWO
2090:ITIS
2082:6909
2051:IPNI
2030:3968
2025:GRIN
2012:GBIF
1986:EPPO
1947:BOLD
1934:ATRF
1921:APNI
1913:9368
1903:1439
1801:PMID
1748:ISBN
1723:PMID
1715:ISSN
1641:ISBN
1591:PMID
1583:ISSN
1546:ISBN
1523:PMID
1469:PMID
1434:PMID
1396:PMID
1265:root
1211:Huna
1199:Huna
527:loam
404:and
370:vine
341:L.f.
69:news
2336:WFO
2245:CoL
2191:WFO
2077:ISC
1999:FNA
1973:EoL
1960:CoL
1791:PMC
1781:doi
1707:doi
1703:242
1575:doi
1515:doi
1461:doi
1457:102
1426:doi
1422:249
1388:doi
1384:159
1273:CNS
1245:LSD
52:by
2360::
2338::
2325::
2312::
2299::
2286::
2273::
2260::
2247::
2234::
2219::
2193::
2170::
2157::
2144::
2131::
2118::
2105::
2092::
2079::
2066::
2053::
2040::
2027::
2014::
2001::
1988::
1975::
1962::
1949::
1936::
1923::
1888::
1873::
1837:.
1799:.
1789:.
1777:34
1775:.
1771:.
1721:.
1713:.
1701:.
1676:45
1674:.
1670:.
1621:^
1611:.
1589:.
1581:.
1571:34
1569:.
1521:.
1511:62
1509:.
1483:.
1475:.
1467:.
1455:.
1432:.
1420:.
1408:^
1394:.
1382:.
1355:^
1339:,
1335:.
1329:.
1291:.
1275::
465:,
461:,
392:,
380:,
303:)
227::
214::
201::
188::
156:)
1835:"
1831:"
1807:.
1783::
1756:.
1729:.
1709::
1649:.
1615:.
1597:.
1577::
1554:.
1529:.
1517::
1463::
1440:.
1428::
1402:.
1390::
1349:.
1327:"
1323:"
561:D
557:R
299:(
119:)
113:(
108:)
104:(
94:·
87:·
80:·
73:·
46:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
