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Ariadne (short story)

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309:, the narrator on board the steamboat meets a man called Ivan Shamokhin, who tells him a story of his love for a woman named Ariadna Kotlovich. Initially he is just dazzled by her beauty, gracefulness, originality, wit and intelligence; to him she is an epitome of perfection. Gradually he comes to realize that there is vanity and coldness behind her shiny charisma. She loves seeing Shamokhin around, but only because the fact that a young man so attractive and virtuous is so obviously infatuated with her, gives her great pleasure. His attempts at escaping are all in vain: he is now totally under the spell of Ariadna... As seems to be prince Maktuev, "a wealthy man but an utterly insignificant person" whom she had once refused and (as it later turns out) has never been able to forgive herself for that. 317:. Travelling with Ariadna and Lubkov through Southern Europe, he is appalled: the woman he loves is engaged in the life full of lies, where her one and only motivation is to be admired. Shocked by the realization that the woman he loves and the man he despises have been lovers all the way, Shamokhin rushes off and returns to his father's home. After the "unfaithful" Lubkov's departure, though, he is being summoned up by his "forsaken Ariadne". They become physically close and he continues the journey, squandering the money he receives from Russia, where his father by now had mortgaged his estate twice. 186:". According to A. Drossi Chekhov knew Ariadna Charets personally and was fond of her, but sympathized also with Starov, whom he met on several occasions in 1887, during his visit to Taganrog. Sobolev considered Ariadna Charets to have been also the prototype of Masha Shelestova ("The Teacher of Literature"). Later scholars came to agree that while "Ariadna" provided the true portrait of a Taganrog beauty, "The Teacher of Literature" had to do more with the factual side of the early years of her marital life. 217:. and with him went to Europe. In several months' time, she started to shower Chekhov with letters complaining about how Ignatenko, a "treacherously unfaithful man" had left her behind and "fled to Russia". From her 21 September letter Chekhov surmised that she was pregnant. Some phrases from Mizinova's letters ("...Do not forget the one whom you've forsaken") are reproduced in those by Ariadna almost word by word. This apparently was the reason why Chekhov (still fresh from the scandal caused by " 1644: 201: 333:"We are so intellectual, so solemn, that we utter nothing but truths and can discuss only questions of a lofty order. The Russian actor does not know how to be funny; he acts with profundity even in a farce. We're just the same: when we have got to talk of trifles we treat them only from an exalted point of view. It comes from a lack of boldness, sincerity, and simplicity." (Shamokhin of the Russians) 157:
to read. Should you agree with me, please send it back, otherwise you may publish it but no sooner than another story that I will soon send you," Chekhov wrote in a 17 March letter. Lavrov and Goltsev disagreed. "We've read your story. Of course we'll have it with great pleasure. Thank you very much
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Sick of her Russian rural environment and (what she perceives as) poverty, Ariadne runs off to Europe with Lubkov, a married man whose only claim to virtue seems to be his vivaciousness. Torn apart by his hopeless passion and the realization of how perious it could be, Shamohin nevertheless responds
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At least three women might be said to have served as prototypes for the story's main heroine. The first one, chronologically (and according to Yuri Sobolev who was the first to maintain this connection), was Ariadna Charets (who also shared the patronym Grigoryevna with the character), a daughter of
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Elena Mikhaylovna Shavrova (Елена Михайловна Шаврова, 1874–1937) was a short story writer and Chekhov's regular correspondent since 1889, when they met in Yalta for the first time. He considered Shavrova a promising writer and edited some of her stories, but "being a woman of means, she never took
324:. It transpires that the only reason for Ariadna's decision to return to Russia was the fact that prince Maktuyev was there. Shamokhin (who is now virtually broke) is rapturous: "Oh, Lord... If she hits it off with the prince, it means freedom, then I can go back to the country with my father!" 208:
To a certain extent the story might be seen as a reflection of Chekhov's relationship with Lika Mizinova and the events of her life in 1893–1895. In the story, the heroine, scornful of her timid suitor's indecisiveness, gets involved with an "experienced" lover and with him goes abroad while
336:"Often looking at her asleep, or eating, or trying to assume a naïve expression, I wondered why that extraordinary beauty, grace, and intelligence had been given her by God. Could it simply be for lolling in bed, eating and lying, lying endlessly?" (Shamokhin of Ariadne) 482:(the 1977 Complete Chekhov edition) // Чехов А. П. Ариадна // Чехов А. П. Полное собрание сочинений и писем: В 30 т. Сочинения: В 18 т. / АН СССР. Ин-т мировой лит. им. А. М. Горького. — М.: Наука, 1974—1982. Т. 9. , 1894—1897. — М.: Наука, 1977. — С. 107—132. 250:. The Chekhov memoirist Alexander Lazarev-Gruzinsky vehemently protested against such assertions but later other critics had to concede that Yavorskaya (whose relationships with Chekhov in early 1890s have been described as "complicated" by the memoirist 348:
Elena Shavrova in her December 1895 letter suggested that "Ariadne" may well become a common name, "for it truly and realistically summarizes a true woman character" (la vraie femme aux hommes). Tatyana L. Tolstaya,
339:"We men make a great stir about their emancipation, but they don't care about their emancipation at all, they only pretend to care about it; they are horribly cunning things, horribly cunning!" (Shamokhin of women) 240:. The journalist Nikolai Yezhov in his 28 December 1895 letter told Chekhov that he'd "found ridiculous such insinuations spread by the most insightful part of our readership", but in his 1909, 178:
inspector Grigory Cherets. A beauty and a heartbreaker, who loved partying and quite enjoyed herself in the company of men, she caused great suffering to her husband, V.D. Starov, a teacher of
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informed Chekhov that the magazine had gone bankrupt and asked for the permission to publish the story. The author's first reaction was half-negative. "I do not believe this story would suit
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The contemporary conservative critics, while disagreeing about details, almost unanimously saw "Ariadna" as a step back in Chekhov's development as a writer. Y. Govorukha-Otrok in
500:В. Д. Седегов. К вопросу о таганрогских прототипах в произведениях Чехова. — : Литературный музей А. П. Чехова. Сб. статей и материалов, вып. V, Ростов н/Д., 1969, стр. 77—79 408:
who lie to themselves in their own writings". It was only after the 1903 edition of the Collected Works by Anton Chekhov came out that "Ariadna" started to gain positive reviews.
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Literary historians disagree about who "the real Prince Maktuyev" might have been. Some name Count Kochubey, who was said to be Ariadna Cherets' patron, others point at Prince
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criticized Chekhov for his "diatribe against intelligent women" (mixing the author with his hero, Shamokhin), considering the story weak and unworthy of critical attention.
404:) accused Chekhov of having slipped into decadent mode and dismissed it as an ineffectual comment on "fashionable ideas of today", "all those graphomaniac Ariadnes and 246:-published memoirs he would make a lot of them, calling the author a man prone to "petty vindictiveness". In 1915 Ezhov repeated his accusations in the article on 236:, in the circle of Chekhov's Moscow friends the rumours started to circulate that the real woman behind the Ariadna character was not Mizinova, but the actress 353:'s daughter, wrote on 30 March 1899: "I am always amazed when I see a male writer who understand so deeply the woman's nature... I recognize myself in " 509:О. А. Петрова. Классическая гимназия в творческой биографии А. П. Чехова. Дисс. на соискание уч. степени канд. филол. наук. Иркутск, 1969, стр. 96—99 257:
The chronology of the European events in the story has to do with Chekhov's own travels. In the spring of 1891 he visited (like his characters did)
1668: 660: 828: 705: 254:) was exactly the Ariadna type of a flashy, insincere woman, whose only motivation in life seemed to be achieving personal success. 563:Ю. М. Юрьев. Записки. Том 2. Л. — М., 1963, стр. 96; С. С. Мамонтов. Две встречи с Чеховым. — «Русское слово», 1909, № 150, 2 июля. 1605: 915: 737: 213:, a married man with a reputation of womanizer, who was admired by ladies and "knew well how to love them, too", according to 545:«Антон Чехов и литературная Москва 80-х и 90-х годов». (Глава из неизданной книги). — ЦГАЛИ; Чехов в воспоминаниях, ст. 178. 1204: 218: 214: 141: 1565: 1425: 1309: 445: 204:
Lika Mizinova, Chekhov's close friend in early 1890s, is considered to be one of the prototypes for the story's heroine
1673: 936: 863: 653: 251: 593:Литературные заметки. Нечто о современной беллетристике и критике. — «Московские ведомости», 1895, № 357, 28 декабря 1600: 1267: 971: 855: 745: 680: 1439: 1365: 1239: 1232: 1027: 400: 354: 183: 229:(a close friend of both Mizinova and Potapenko) should decide himself whether it was suitable for the magazine. 1555: 1502: 1274: 1048: 1509: 1467: 1446: 1432: 1104: 1034: 957: 361:(writing to O.M. Munt in early 1896) called the story "ideologically to the point and wonderfully written". 1647: 1529: 1225: 1211: 985: 964: 646: 209:
Shamokhin is away. In a similar manner, with Chekhov absent, in Yalta, Mizinova (his then beau) fell for
1595: 1488: 1474: 1330: 943: 929: 761: 370: 357:" so as to feel ashamed. But even more ashamed I felt when I recognized myself in Ariadna." The young 237: 1621: 1404: 1397: 1132: 1083: 1041: 999: 992: 847: 801: 242: 194: 1615: 1383: 1351: 1260: 1167: 1146: 1097: 950: 908: 769: 602:Письма о литературе. Русская литература в 1895 году. Письмо второе. — «Русский вестник», 1896, № 2. 358: 491:А. Дросси «Детство, отрочество и юность А. П. Чехова...» — «Приазовский край», 1914, № 170, 1 июля 1453: 1411: 1316: 1125: 1090: 1062: 809: 425:
her own talent seriously," according to Mikhail Chekhov. // Чехов М. П. Вокруг Чехова. С. 198–199
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With minor changes it was included by Chekhov into Volume 9 of his Collected Works published by
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Rodionova, V.M. Commentaries to Ариадна. The Works by A.P. Chekhov in 12 volumes.
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at the same school, who, in his own turn, served as a prototype for Nikitin in "
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included Ariadna into his personal list of Chekhovs's best stories.
518:Вл. И. Немирович-Данченко. Чехов. — Чехов в воспоминаниях, стр. 435 321: 282: 278: 199: 179: 638: 575:. - Н. Д. Волков. Мейерхольд. Т. I. М., Academia, 1929, стр. 58. 270: 642: 584:И. А. Бунин. Собр. соч. в 9-ти томах, т. 9, М., 1967, стр. 248. 130:
The story was first published in the December 1895 issue of
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and made part of his journey abroad on board of steamboat
384:, saw it as superficial and panned as belonging to the 153:
at all. I send you this story, please read it and give
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Vol. 8, pp. 512-514 14: 706:On the Harmful Effects of Tobacco 1643: 1642: 16:Short story by Anton Chekhov 916:The Death of a Government Clerk 738:A Tragedian in Spite of Himself 374:compared Ariadna negatively to 139:It was originally intended for 1669:Short stories by Anton Chekhov 1: 632:, the English translation by 573:...идейной и чудно написанной 1586:Chekhov Gymnasium and museum 1581:White Dacha, home and museum 1571:Chekov Shop, home and museum 1310:The House with the Mezzanine 446:Khudozhestvennaya Literatura 118:) is an 1895 short story by 864:The Story of an Unknown Man 626:, the original Russian text 252:Tatyana Shchepkina-Kupernik 1690: 1576:Melikhovo, home and museum 1638: 1556:Mikhail Chekhov (brother) 1240:The Teacher of Literature 676: 281:. Also in 1894 he was in 184:The Teacher of Literature 169:Background and prototypes 115: 26: 1551:Maria Chekhova (sister) 1468:A Story Without a Title 480:Commentaries to Ариадна 176:Taganrog City Gymnasium 1566:Birth house and museum 1561:Osip Dymov (character) 205: 1606:Statue, Rostov-on-Don 1489:The Lady with the Dog 371:Moskovskiye Vedomosti 203: 1398:Sergeant Prishibeyev 1084:The Privy Councillor 243:Istorichesky Vestnik 215:Nemirovich-Danchenko 195:Governor of Taganrog 155:Viktor Alexandrovich 1546:Olga Knipper (wife) 1384:The Complaints Book 1261:The Man in the Case 1226:Rothschild's Violin 1147:A Nervous Breakdown 951:A Living Chronology 909:An Enigmatic Nature 770:A Marriage Proposal 359:Vsevolod Meyerkhold 225:and suggested that 38:Original title 1674:1895 short stories 1412:A Gentleman Friend 1126:The Cattle-Dealers 829:The Shooting Party 810:The Cherry Orchard 381:Torrents of Spring 206: 1656: 1655: 1519: 1518: 634:Constance Garnett 104: 103: 1681: 1646: 1645: 1616:Show, 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760: 752: 744: 736: 728: 720: 712: 709:(1886, 1902) 704: 696: 681:Bibliography 607: 598: 589: 580: 572: 568: 559: 550: 541: 532: 523: 514: 505: 496: 487: 453: 440: 420: 399: 389: 379: 369: 367: 347: 319: 311: 300: 256: 241: 233: 231: 222: 207: 188: 172: 160: 150: 147:Vukol Lavrov 140: 138: 131: 129: 107: 105: 76: 73:Published in 41: 1533:(1893–1895) 1524:Non-fiction 1440:The Runaway 1366:The Darling 1338:In the Cart 1233:The Student 1028:The Requiem 872:Three Years 794:Uncle Vanya 786:The Seagull 746:The Wedding 351:Leo Tolstoy 163:Adolf Marks 126:Publication 90:Adolf Marks 68:Publication 28:Short story 1663:Categories 1629:Wild Honey 1503:The Bishop 1275:About Love 1182:Ward No. 6 1158:Ward No. 6 1049:Easter Eve 848:The Steppe 433:References 363:Ivan Bunin 307:Sevastopol 287:Sevastopol 142:The Artist 1622:Fragments 1510:Betrothed 1482:Whitebrow 1461:Kashtanka 1447:The Siren 1433:First Aid 1105:Happiness 1035:The Witch 958:Small Fry 355:Dushechka 344:Reception 86:Publisher 22:"Ariadne" 1648:Category 1512:" (1903) 1505:" (1902) 1498:" (1900) 1491:" (1899) 1484:" (1895) 1477:" (1889) 1470:" (1888) 1463:" (1887) 1456:" (1887) 1449:" (1887) 1442:" (1887) 1435:" (1887) 1428:" (1886) 1421:" (1886) 1414:" (1886) 1407:" (1886) 1400:" (1885) 1393:" (1885) 1386:" (1884) 1368:" (1899) 1361:" (1899) 1354:" (1898) 1347:" (1898) 1340:" (1897) 1333:" (1897) 1326:" (1897) 1319:" (1897) 1317:Peasants 1312:" (1895) 1305:" (1895) 1298:" (1895) 1277:" (1898) 1270:" (1898) 1263:" (1898) 1242:" (1894) 1235:" (1894) 1228:" (1894) 1221:" (1894) 1214:" (1892) 1212:In Exile 1207:" (1892) 1184:" (1892) 1177:" (1891) 1170:" (1890) 1149:" (1889) 1142:" (1889) 1135:" (1888) 1128:" (1887) 1107:" (1887) 1100:" (1886) 1093:" (1886) 1086:" (1886) 1065:" (1887) 1058:" (1886) 1051:" (1886) 1044:" (1886) 1037:" (1886) 1030:" (1886) 1009:" (1886) 1002:" (1886) 995:" (1886) 988:" (1886) 986:Children 981:" (1885) 974:" (1885) 967:" (1885) 965:The Fish 960:" (1885) 953:" (1885) 946:" (1884) 932:" (1884) 925:" (1883) 918:" (1883) 911:" (1883) 856:The Duel 840:Novellas 730:The Bear 714:Swansong 698:Platonov 376:Turgenev 267:Florence 58:Language 1539:Related 1475:The Bet 1331:At Home 1303:Ariadne 1286:Stories 1195:Stories 1074:Stories 944:Oysters 930:Surgery 880:My Life 630:Ariadne 624:Ариадна 406:Chaykas 315:Abbazia 263:Bologna 116:Ариадна 112:Russian 108:Ariadne 62:Russian 48:Country 42:Ариадна 1405:Grisha 1345:Ionych 1288:(1901) 1253:(1898) 1197:(1894) 1160:(1893) 1133:Sleepy 1118:(1890) 1076:(1888) 1042:Agafya 1020:(1887) 1000:Anyuta 993:Misery 939:(1884) 901:(1886) 883:(1896) 875:(1895) 867:(1893) 859:(1891) 851:(1888) 832:(1884) 813:(1904) 805:(1901) 797:(1897) 789:(1896) 781:(1891) 773:(1890) 765:(1889) 757:(1889) 749:(1889) 741:(1889) 733:(1888) 725:(1887) 722:Ivanov 717:(1887) 701:(1881) 328:Quotes 303:Odessa 291:Odessa 275:Naples 259:Venice 92:(1901) 81:(1895) 52:Russia 1168:Gusev 1098:Vanka 821:Novel 690:Plays 412:Notes 322:Yalta 283:Yalta 279:Paris 180:Latin 174:the 1454:Boys 1091:Mire 1063:Home 305:and 297:Plot 277:and 271:Rome 193:, a 378:'s 110:" ( 30:by 1665:: 462:^ 293:. 273:, 269:, 265:, 261:, 136:. 122:. 114:: 1508:" 1501:" 1494:" 1487:" 1480:" 1473:" 1466:" 1459:" 1452:" 1445:" 1438:" 1431:" 1424:" 1417:" 1410:" 1403:" 1396:" 1389:" 1382:" 1364:" 1357:" 1350:" 1343:" 1336:" 1329:" 1322:" 1315:" 1308:" 1301:" 1294:" 1273:" 1266:" 1259:" 1238:" 1231:" 1224:" 1217:" 1210:" 1203:" 1180:" 1173:" 1166:" 1145:" 1138:" 1131:" 1124:" 1103:" 1096:" 1089:" 1082:" 1061:" 1054:" 1047:" 1040:" 1033:" 1026:" 1005:" 998:" 991:" 984:" 977:" 970:" 963:" 956:" 949:" 942:" 935:" 928:" 921:" 914:" 907:" 662:e 655:t 648:v 289:- 106:"

Index

Short story
Anton Chekhov
Russia
Russian
Russkaya Mysl
Adolf Marks
Russian
Anton Chekhov
Russkaya Mysl
The Artist
Vukol Lavrov
Viktor Alexandrovich
Adolf Marks
Taganrog City Gymnasium
Latin
The Teacher of Literature
Pavel Maksutov
Governor of Taganrog

Ignaty Potapenko
Nemirovich-Danchenko
The Grasshopper
Viktor Goltsev
Lydia Yavorskaya
Istorichesky Vestnik
Alexey Suvorin
Tatyana Shchepkina-Kupernik
Venice
Bologna
Florence

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