422:. Abiaka hated both Wiley Thompson and General Clinch, and during the meeting he showed his disapproval of the Indian Removal policy by angrily stomping his feet on the wooden platform that the meeting was being held at. Abiaka's angry stomping eventually broke the wooden platform, causing Wiley Thompson, General Clinch, and the Seminole chiefs to all fall to the ground.
365:. John Lee Williams also wrote that at this time Abiaka had become a chief and that he was "a popular warrior among the Seminoles". In his adulthood Abiaka was described as being physically: "of slight elastic frame, six feet high, a mild benevolent countenance, very small feet, long bony hands". Abiaka was inspired by the ideology of
444:
retired into the swamp. Taylor chose to charge across open water. After the battle Col. Zachary Taylor and the U.S. claimed victory and then fell back a considerable distance towards Tampa. The Battle of Lake
Okeechobee was Florida's most significant and bloody battle of the Second Seminole war and a major victory for the Seminoles.
42:
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in the trading settlement on the New River, which was eight miles distant from the Pine Island Ridge hammock, killing Mrs. Cooley, the Cooley children, and another New River resident Joseph
Flinton, the children's tutor. The Seminoles then looted and burned the Cooley farm, but did not attack other
402:
in 1833, both of which stated that the
Seminoles must leave Florida. However most of the Seminole chiefs later claimed that they were coerced through threats of force to sign these treaties, and that they never agreed to the terms of these treaties. President Andrew Jackson later appointed former
443:
and suffered a defeat. Taylor lost 26 killed and 112 wounded. Ar-pi-uck-i was the leading war chief for the
Miccosukee and he carefully formulated and executed his battle plan wisely—entrenched on dry, treed ground, pressing the attack, and losing only 8 (11) and 14 wounded. Then he and his men
795:
25th CONGRESS, 2d
Session. (SENATE.) (507) MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, TRANSMITTING A report from Major General Jesup of his operations whilst commanding the army in Florida, in compliance with a resolution of the Senate of the 6th instant. JULY 7, 1838, Digital Library of
882:
American Indian
Biographies, Revised Edition, Edited by Carole Barrett, University of Mary, and Harvey Markowitz, Washington and Lee University, Project Editor R. Kent Rasmussen, SALEM PRESS, INC., Pasadena, California, and Hackensack, New Jersey, 2005, pdf/Acrobat Adobe format, page
575:
A bronze statue of Abiaka which includes Abiaka alongside various animals that symbolize the animal clans of the
Seminole tribe is located at the Seminole Big Cypress Reservation. This group statue monument is one of the largest bronze statues in the southeastern
969:
Treaty With The
Seminole, 1833. March 28, 1833. | 7 Stat., 423. |Proclamation, April 12, 1834, Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties, Vol. II, Treaties, Compiled and edited by Charles J. Kappler. Washington : Government Printing Office, 1904, page images: 394,
495:. The Battle of Pine Island Ridge, in which the soldiers were forced to attack the Pine Island Ridge hammock through waist deep water while being fired upon from the cover of the island, was a victory for the Seminoles. This battle was U.S. retaliation for the
613:"Treaty With The Seminole, May 9, 1832. | 7 Stat., 368. |Proclamation, April 12, 1834.Indian Affairs: Laws And Treaties Vol. II, Treaties, compiled and edited by Charles J. Kappler. Washington : Government Printing Office, 1904. page images: 344, 345"
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The phonetic spelling of his native name varies to include: Aripeka, Aripeika, Opoica, Arpeika, Abiaka, Apiaka, Apeiaka, Appiaca, Appiacca, Apayaka Hadjo (Crazy
Rattlesnake), and Ar-pi-uck-i. The name is derivative of the
742:
The
Seminole Indians of the State of Florida, Paintiff, v The United States of America, Defendant, Docket No. 73-A, 25 Ind. C1. Comm 25, Before the Indians Claims Commission, Decided March 24, 1971, pdf/Adobe Acrobat
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of 1855–1858. His band included an estimated 17 warriors and a large number of women and children. He was less effective as a war leader in the Third Seminole War because of advanced age and possible senility.
305:
to sell trout fish. Because he sold fish so often, the U.S. soldiers at the fort nicknamed him Sam Jones after a popular song at the time called "Sam Jones the Fisherman" (Which was a parody of the French song
389:
with the goal of ethnically cleansing the Seminole people from Florida. The U.S. Government tried to make the Seminoles acquiesce to their removal from Florida by making them sign treaties that supported the
1156:"Mars Exploration Rovers Update, Spirit Descends Husband Hill as Opportunity Works at a Standstill on Olympia, By A.J.S. Rayl, December 30, 2005, Planetary News: Mars (2005), The Planetary Society website"
298:, meaning "pile at the base" or "heap at the root." The name was conferred on the town because "in the contest for supremacy its warriors heaped up a pile of scalps, covering the base of the war-pole."
989:
856:
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A Jewel in the Wilderness, Fort Lauderdale From Early Times to 1911. Broward County, Comprehensive Survey Phase VIII, by George, Paul S. Historic Broward County Preservation Board. 1988
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The nickname Sam Jones was the name he was most commonly known by to White people. The origin of the nickname is from before the Second Seminole War, when Abiaka would visit
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were both the most outspoken opponents among the Seminoles against the Indian Removal policy. In March 1835, Abiaka and the other Seminole chiefs attended a meeting at
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241:, (c. 1781 – c. 1866) was a Seminole-Miccosukee chief, warrior, and shaman who fought against the United States during the Seminole Wars. He was born among the
487:– During the Second Seminole War (1835–1842) in the Battle of Pine Island Ridge, March 22, 1838, Ar-pi-uck-i led an unknown number of Seminoles against 223
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to explore the southwest fork of the Loxahatchee River. Powell's force of fifty-five sailors and twenty-five soldiers engaged Ar-pi-uck-i and his band at
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tribe. He initially rose to prominence among the Seminoles as a powerful shaman. Abiaka became the principal chief of the Seminoles in 1837 during the
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In 1841, the year before the close of the Seminole War, Aripeka occupied the region near the mouth of the Kissimmee River and the eastern border of
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Abiaka was first written about in the 1820s, when Florida historian John Lee Williams wrote that Abiaka was residing at the village of Oakhumke in
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as recognized by the Seminole Tribe of Florida, History, Where We Came From, Osceola and Abiaka, The Seminole Tribe of Florida website
587:. The two targets on this outcrop named "Abiaka" and "Osceola" were probed and studied during the Thanksgiving weekend, 2005, by the
572:
The Ah-Tha-Thi-Ki ("to learn") Museum on the Seminole Big Cypress Reservation is located near where Abiaka is believed to be buried.
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330:. He was born into the Panther Clan through his mother's lineage. Abiaka's ancestors lived under the Capachequi Chiefdom of the
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350:, where Abiaka would live during his youth. After the First Seminole War many of the Miccosukees migrated further south into
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Mars Exploration Rover - Spirit - Update Thread - Pt. 2, Missions and Launches, Discussion Boards, Uplink, Imaginova website
724:
Chronicles of Oklahoma, Volume 9, No. 4, December, 1931, REPORT OF CHEROKEE DEPUTATION INTO FLORIDA, Grant Foreman, Page 423
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A statue depicting Abiaka leading Seminole women and children to safety during the Battle of Pine Island Ridge was built in
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Florida Place-Names of Indian Origin and Seminole Personal Names by William A. Read, Louisiana State University Press, 1934
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FLORIDA. From the Augusta (Ga.) Constitutionalist, January12., The New Yorker, editor Horace Greeley January 13, 1838
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wrote a poem praising Abiaka in 1859 called "The Unbought Seminole". In the poem Abiaka is referred to as "Arpeik."
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led 1032 troops against the Creek and Miccosukee, December 25, 1837, near the mouth of Taylor Creek and
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Fought in the Seminole Wars, resulting in the continued existence of the Seminole tribe in Florida.
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658:"Abiaka, or Sam Jones, in Context: The Mikasuki Ethnogenesis through the Third Seminole War"
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277:, and his leadership resulted in the continued presence of the Seminole people in Florida.
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The United States Post-Office Guide for 1904, p. 366, spells the name of this town Arbeka
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Florida Facts, Cultural & Historical Programs, Florida Department of State, website
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354:. During this time in Abiaka's life the Miccosukee band of Seminoles were led by Chief
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373:) by appointing his own prophet named Otulkee Thlocco during the Second Seminole War.
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elevation 29 feet above sea. Pine Island Ridge is the highest natural elevation in
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An Englishman in the Seminole War: A Memoir Based Upon the Letters of John Bemrose
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Picolata, January 9, 1838, The New Yorker, editor Horace Greeley January 13, 1838
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of January 6, 1836, in which approximately twenty Seminoles attacked the home of
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The Story of Florida's Seminole Indians by Wilfred T. Neill, Seaside Press, 1956
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Okeechobee Battlefield, National Trust for Historic Preservation website
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tribe. The Miccosukees built a large village near the eponymously named
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policy. Abiaka was one of the Seminole chiefs that signed both the
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The Second Seminole War and the Limits of American Aggression
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Religious figures of the indigenous peoples of North America
1034:"Okeechobee Battlefield, National Historic Landmark website"
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as one of the top endangered historical sites in the U.S.
358:, who was sometimes called "The King of the Miccosukees".
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History of Pasco County, Origins of Place Names, website
810:
Barrett and Markowitz, pdf/Acrobat Adobe format, page 16
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at Tree Tops Park. A copy of this statue is also at the
828:
McCall, George Archibald; McCall, George (2009-09-03).
479:. Powell lost five men killed and twenty-two wounded.
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to oversee the removal of the Seminoles from Florida.
294:, the name of an ancient Muscogee town near the upper
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369:, and he later copied Tecumseh's use of a prophet (
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678:The Exiles of Florida by Joshua R. Giddings, 1858
1246:Native American people from Georgia (U.S. state)
796:Georgia at the University of Georgia Libraries
418:with U.S. official Wiley Thompson and General
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265:tactician and he led the Seminoles at the
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1271:Native American people of the Indian Wars
491:and 38 U.S. regular troops led by Major
457:National Trust for Historic Preservation
91:Principal Chief of the Florida Seminoles
601:
1110:Maryland, My Maryland, and Other Poems
338:, the Miccosukees migrated south into
1221:Native Americans of the Seminole Wars
27:Miccosukee war chief and medicine man
7:
1256:19th-century Native American leaders
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449:National Register of Historic Places
1088:a primary village of the Miccosukee
1266:People from Hendry County, Florida
988:Agostini, Randal J. (2021-08-04).
447:The battlefield was listed in the
318:Abiaka was born in 1781 among the
25:
322:people, who at the time lived in
1231:People from Georgia (U.S. state)
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861:. University of Oklahoma Press.
519:Arpiucki moved into the area of
945:"Kappler, page images 344, 345"
334:. Shortly after the end of the
249:, who would migrate south into
994:. Florida Historical Society.
471:of the U. S. Navy was sent by
377:Prelude to Second Seminole War
1:
1107:Randall, James Ryder (1908).
855:McReynolds, Edwin C. (1957).
637:archaic: Mikasuki, Mickasooke
451:in the 1960s, later became a
1261:19th-century Seminole people
1226:18th-century Seminole people
917:Monaco, C. S. (2018-03-15).
662:Florida Historical Quarterly
213:Battle of the Caloosahatchee
1063:September 28, 2006, at the
711:September 25, 2006, at the
489:Tennessee Volunteer Militia
484:Battle of Pine Island Ridge
467:– On January 15, 1838, Lt.
455:, and is recognized by the
208:Battle of Pine Island Ridge
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831:Letters from the Frontiers
748:September 3, 2006, at the
729:September 2, 2006, at the
656:West, Patsy (2022-05-05).
453:National Historic Landmark
308:Dunois the Young and Brave
203:Battles of the Loxahatchee
46:A sketch of Abiaka in 1839
975:October 21, 2006, at the
888:October 18, 2006, at the
815:October 18, 2006, at the
432:Battle of Lake Okeechobee
396:Treaty of Payne's Landing
267:Battle of Lake Okeechobee
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198:Battle of Lake Okeechobee
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583:was named "Seminole" by
336:U.S. War of Independence
1077:Broward County, Florida
579:A rock outcrop area on
567:Big Cypress Reservation
464:Battle of Jupiter Inlet
381:In 1830 U.S. President
253:and become part of the
1251:Chiefs of the Seminole
589:Mars Exploration Rover
554:is named after Abiaka.
342:where they joined the
552:Pasco County, Florida
515:Final years and death
504:New River residents.
400:Treaty of Fort Gibson
332:Mississippian culture
1206:Ah-Tah-Thi-Ki Museum
1113:. J. Murphy Company.
766:May 9, 2008, at the
563:Ah-Tah-Thi-Ki Museum
531:He died in Florida.
363:Lake County, Florida
126:c. 1866 (aged 84-85)
906:. F.P. Blair. 1839.
834:. Applewood Books.
541:James Ryder Randall
437:Col. Zachary Taylor
193:Second Seminole War
619:on October 5, 2006
525:Third Seminole War
493:William Lauderdale
387:Indian Removal Act
273:and its policy of
219:Third Seminole War
1001:978-0-9817337-9-1
930:978-1-4214-2481-1
868:978-0-8061-1255-8
841:978-1-4290-2158-6
521:Big Cypress Swamp
263:guerrilla warfare
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16:(Redirected from
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546:The town of
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1241:1866 deaths
1236:1781 births
1166:October 29,
903:Extra Globe
623:October 27,
410:Abiaka and
385:signed the
371:Tenskwatawa
328:Flint River
326:around the
303:Fort Brooke
296:Coosa River
261:. He was a
112:Flint River
80:Preceded by
1215:Categories
1044:2006-10-27
955:2006-10-27
785:Read, 1934
596:References
523:after the
320:Miccosukee
314:Early life
245:people of
243:Miccosukee
143:At least 4
61:Miccosukee
416:Fort King
239:Sam Jones
170:Sam Jones
148:Known for
74:1837–1866
70:In office
1061:Archived
973:Archived
886:Archived
813:Archived
764:Archived
746:Archived
727:Archived
709:Archived
591:, Spirit
367:Tecumseh
344:Seminole
288:Muscogee
255:Seminole
166:Nickname
160:Mikasuki
140:Children
85:Micanopy
57:Seminole
548:Aripeka
412:Osceola
356:Kinache
340:Florida
324:Georgia
251:Florida
247:Georgia
133:Florida
116:Georgia
108:c. 1781
18:Aripeka
998:
927:
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838:
743:format
535:Legacy
292:Abihka
290:word,
235:Abiaka
63:leader
34:Abiaka
110:Near
1168:2006
996:ISBN
925:ISBN
863:ISBN
836:ISBN
668:(3).
625:2006
585:NASA
581:Mars
576:U.S.
310:").
281:Name
123:Died
105:Born
970:395
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550:in
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