432:
1733, gildwork on the reformed retable was initiated by João Nunes de Abreu and Manuel
Cerqueira Mendes (from Lisbon) for 2,200$ 000 réis. Similar reconstruction, additions and works in the following years that lasted to the end of the 18th century. This included: the creation of the retable of Senhor dos Passos (in the ante-choir) and the retable of Senhor da Cana Verde (in 1733); construction of new dormitories (between 1733 and 1734) by Gaspar Ferreira; and the organ was repaired by Benito Gomez de Herrera, of 4,300$ 000 réis (between 1737 and 1738). This was followed by: the execution of the six retables in the church by Miguel Francisco da Silva; execution of the organ by Manuel Bento Gomes (in 1739); gilding of the same retables in the nave (from 8 November 1741); followed by similar gilding in the main chapel by Manuel Cerqueira Mendes (from Lisbon); gilding of the angels in the tomb of Abbess Mafalda and images of
548:, respectively. Around these patios are the former monastic cells. The western wing is limited by two towers/lookouts, three-stories high (four on the towers), rhythmically designed with rectangular vanes with frames of stonework and marked by a system of colossal pilasters at the corners. The pilasters are place on high entablatures and decorative pinnacles at the angles, marked by the church, divided into stonework sections. The lateral portico is implanted in the middle of the navem with a double stonework frame, Tuscan pillars with pyramidal pinnacles and semi-circular decoration. The annexes facades are covered in rectangular windows covered in grade.
562:
of gilded carvings, one with a pulpit and the other with lateral entrance to the temple. Above these are shell-shaped niches alternating with rectangular windows, and vaulted ceiling with lunettes. The main chapel with high altar vertically oriented includes a vaulted ceiling, with illumination coming from the high choir, nave and chancel windows. The cloister is preceded by a galilee formed by arch and portal with an interrupted triangular pediment in the interior, joined to two rectangular gratings. Comprising two floors with archivolts, with segments marked by Tuscan and Ionian capitals along the upper floor, including balconies with iron railings.
300:
501:
403:, intending to sell the seized properties to provide for the poor. The first stage of the government action was applied only to communities of men, which were immediately suppressed. In 1862, the law was applied to communities of women, who were not dispersed but were barred from accepting new members, and their assets became subject to seizure. The last nun of the community died in 1886, ending the monastic life of the abbey.
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It is a rectangular plan comprising a principal structure oriented north to south, with annexes on the smaller wings, all covered in tiled roof. The smaller wings (in the north and south) shelter the church and cellars (to the north) and the group of buildings around the cloister and two longitudinal
440:; gilding the organ (in 1743); the retable and front of the altar to São Bento (in the anti-choir) by José da Fonseca Lima (for 170$ 000 rés); gilding of the retable (in 1744); and the funerary urn dedicated to Santa Mafalda was completed by José Francisco de Paiva and António Faria Soares (in 1793).
561:
that shelter images and decorated by three lines of arcs with lunettes. Its single larger nave, divided is divided into two registers and rhythmically marked by sections with Tuscan pilaster, while above they appear as inverted pyramids. The lateral chapels include shallow archivolts, with retables
431:
In early 1725, there was a fire in the monastery, but was followed on 22 February by another, that destroyed the abbey, the work on the Church and sleeping quarters, which included damage to recent sculptures by Braga
Jacinto Vieira. Repairs initiated almost immediately on the abbey: on 29 April
565:
The church includes choir stalls forming a "U", that includes 104 stalls, distributed over two rows and middle door. There were also important works in the temple by André Gonçalves and stone sculptures of Braga
Jacinto Vieira (1725), while the Joanino (1723-1733) altarpiece was authored by the
427:
for the church. Between 1704 and 1718. work on the church was undertaken, that included the nuns' choir, which would persist for the next thirty years. On 8 February 1722, António Gomes and Filipe da Silva worked on the choir stalls and gilded woodwork for 850$ 000 réis (completed on 21 October
414:
From the end of the 15th century to the beginning of the 16th century, there was work on the monastic buildings, including new spaces and altars, constructed under the abbesses Leonor
Coutinho and Melícia de Melo. Between 1596 and 1597, panels from the retable were painted by Diogo Teixeira.
418:
At the end of the 17th century, the first reconstructions and expansions of the monastic complex were initiated, in the western and north wings. On 28 February 1701, there was a contract between the abbess and masters António Gomes and João da Costa to remake the altar for 600$ 000
455:
At the end of the 19th century, a few lines of walls, that limited the monastery and encircled the village, disappeared following the suppression of the monastic community. This occurred when the roadway connecting Arouca and the coast was constructed.
443:
By the end of the second half of the 18th century, these grand decorations ultimately lead to completion of the southern and western part of the convent, refectory, capital hall and kitchen. Between 1781 and 1785, the cloister was finally completed.
556:
The church interior consists of three rectangles coinciding with the choir, nave an presbytery. The choir, separated by railing with long high-back choir stalls, line the whole chorus-bass, an intermediary body with rectangular
857:
391:
broke out in
Portugal 1828–1834. At its conclusion, the victorious Liberal government made the decision to end state sponsorship of religious communities. They were inspired by the
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1097:
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423:. Yet, the following year (on 24 November) during a state visit, the church was referred to as being in a miserable state. This resulted in a new plan by the noted architect
452:
In 1890, the
Brotherhood of Rainha Santa Mafalda was created to preserve the artefacts from the monastery. During this period the organ was restored by a priest from Viseu.
338:, although it remained a shared institution of both monks and nuns. The oldest documented reference dates to 1091, referring to the old religious community in Arouca.
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856:
Elbl, Ivana (2023), "Isabel(s) for Abbess: Identity, Lineage and Power in the
Contest for Control of the Monastery of Arouca (Portugal), 1437-1457",
411:
Vestiges of the rose window suggest that it can be dated to the 14th century, probably removed from a primitive
Romanesque place of worship.
867:
Elbl, Martin (2023), "The
Pregnant Abbess: Sex, Social 'Norms', and Nuns in the Lower Douro Valley Southern Hill Country, 1410s-1450s",
392:
428:
1724), while on 12 June 1723, a new contract was issued for work on the retable by Luís Vieira da Cruz, at a cost of 1:000$ 000 rés.
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Among the works in the Sacred Art Museum are a large group of sculptures, paintings, jewelry, ceramics, books and other artefacts.
682:
Mosteiro de Arouca/Museu de Arte Sacra de Arouca/Igreja
Paroquial de Arouca/Igreja de São Bartolomeu (IPA.00001039/PT010104030002)
219:
108:
1000:
Rocha, Manuel Joaquim Moreira da (2007), "O Mosteiro-cidade na Génese e Desenvolvimento Urbano: Uma interpretação do espaço",
299:
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of Portugal. For much of its existence, it was one of the most influential religious centers in that region of the country.
524:
Isolated near the entrance to the city, and located at regional crossroads, the abbey overlooks a valley encircled by the
900:
Ferreira-Alves, Natália Marinho (1991), "De arquitecto a entalhador. Itinerário de um artista nos séculos XVII e XVIII",
212:
280:
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96:
459:
In 1935, there was another fire at the monastery, resulting in new construction to rehabilitate the site.
791:(in Portuguese), Arouca, Portugalhonra o seu Passado, Comércio do Porto, 22 September 1989, pp. 7–8
346:
957:
Mosteiro de Arouca. A Dona abadessa donatária no couto de Fráguas, Arquivo do Distrito de Aveiro, XVII
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by the Catholic Church in 1792. This in part reflected the position of the abbey in royal favor.
372:. By the time of her death, the site was one of the more important monasteries in the peninsula.
349:
to the monastery. In 1154, the monks were removed and the monastery became a home for only nuns.
685:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico
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Obra de talha dourada, ensamblagem e pintura na cidade e na Diocese do Porto-Documentação
470:), while in 1990, it was placed into the management of the municipal council of Arouca.
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1004:(in Portuguese), vol. V–VI (Série 1 ed.), Porto, Portugal, pp. 527–548
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of the region from the Moorish invaders in honor of St. Peter. It was founded as a
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Notes sur l'Architecture et le Décor dans les Abbayes Cisterciennes au Portugal
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1073:(in Portuguese), vol. III, Arquivo do Distrito de Aveiro, pp. 11–28
986:(in Portuguese), vol. 1, Lisbon, Portugal: Ministério das Obras Públicas
303:
The ornate choir stalls within the choir by António Gomes and Filipe da Silva
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The monastery was founded in the first half of the 10th century. during the
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On 1 June 1992, the property was, once again, transferred to the IPPAR
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733:(in Portuguese), vol. I/II/III, Porto, Portugal: Diocese do Porto
16:
Former Cistercian monastery in the Porto metropolitan area of Portugal
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327:
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Alçada, Margarida; Ruão, Carlos; Costa, Anouk (1998), SIPA (ed.),
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monastery of women dating from the 10th century. It is located in
1002:
Revista da Faculdade de Letras: Ciências e Técnicas do Património
993:
Relatório da Actividade do Ministério nos Anos de 1959, 1º Volume
995:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: Ministério das Obras Públicas
977:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: Ministério das Obras Públicas
968:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: Ministério das Obras Públicas
904:(in Portuguese), vol. I, Porto, Portugal, pp. 355–369
492:), by dispatch 1130/2007 (Diário da República, Série 2, 245).
462:
On 13 August 1986, the abbey was partially transferred to the
984:
Relatório da Actividade do Ministério nos anos de 1957 e 1958
710:(in Portuguese), vol. 1, Porto, Portugal, pp. 34–36
760:(in Portuguese), Paris, France: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian
751:(in Portuguese), Paris, France: Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian
330:, as discovered in a fragment of a notice with the initials
484:
On 20 December 2007, it became the responsibility of the
934:
Inventário Artístico de Portugal. Distrito de Aveiro, XI
1027:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal, pp. 64–67, 91
975:
Relatório da Actividade do Ministério no ano de 1956
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Relatório da Actividade do Ministério no ano de 1955
395:during the previous century. Thus in May 1834 King
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936:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal, pp. 39–66
504:The triumphal archway at the chancel of the abbey
364:who had become a nun of the community in 1220, a
767:O Mosteiro de Arouca. Do século X ao século XIII
540:patios (in the south), from north to south, the
479:Portuguese Institute for Architectural Patrimony
475:Instituto Português do Património Arquitetónico
341:Sometime between 1132 and 1143, a letter of a
1050:(in Portuguese), vol. I, Braga, Portugal
923:Gomes, Marques (1909), "Mosteiro de Arouca",
902:Actas do I Congresso Internacional do Barroco
758:Routier des Abbayes Cisterciennes au Portugal
490:Regional Directorate for Culture in the North
8:
1103:Buildings and structures in Arouca, Portugal
468:Regional Directorate for Entre Douro e Minho
368:was issued to transfer the monastery to the
19:
1098:Buildings and structures in Aveiro District
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401:Dissolution of the monasteries in Portugal
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812:Arouca, uma Terra, um Mosteiro, uma Santa
334:. Around 1090, the community adopted the
295:The austere front facade of the monastery
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464:Direcção Regional de Entre Douro e Minho
881:(in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal, 1986
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352:In 1226, through the request of the
326:noblemen, Loderigo and Vandilo from
740:D. João V e a arte do seu tempo, II
729:Brandão, Domingos de Pinho (1986),
393:Suppression of the Society of Jesus
1088:Cistercian monasteries in Portugal
837:(in Portuguese), Coimbra, Portugal
14:
1093:Christian monasteries in Portugal
959:(in Portuguese), pp. 292–306
814:(in Portuguese), Arouca, Portugal
769:(in Portuguese), Arouca, Portugal
955:Júnior, Manuel R. Simão (1951),
38:The dominant facade of the abbey
32:
1048:A Arte Organística em Portugal
870:Portuguese Studies Review 31_2
859:Portuguese Studies Review 31_2
512:The detailed wood choir stalls
1:
810:Coelho, Maria Helena (1989),
765:Coelho, Maria Helena (1988),
932:Gonçalves, Nogueira (1991),
927:(in Portuguese) (5 ed.)
706:Azevedo, Correia de (1975),
756:Cocheril, Dom Maur (1986),
747:Cocheril, Dom Maur (1972),
738:Carvalho, Ayres de (1962),
345:of land was issued by King
259:, more simply known as the
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708:Arte Monumental Portuguesa
520:The Baroque era pipe organ
1023:Smith, Robert C. (1968),
31:
24:
1069:Vitorino, Pedro (1937),
1046:Valença, Manuel (1990),
25:
789:"Carregada" de história
281:Porto metropolitan area
97:Bartholomew the Apostle
52:Abbey of St. Batholomew
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481:), by decree 106F/92.
407:Architectural elements
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123:Loderigo & Vandilo
95:(c. 925-c. 1090), St.
1025:Cadeirais de Portugal
570:Luís Vieira da Cruz.
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360:, a daughter of King
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44:Monastery information
1071:O Mosteiro de Arouca
833:Dias, Pedro (1980),
438:Bernard of Clairvaux
336:Rule of St. Benedict
235:40.92806°N 8.24667°W
152:Heritage designation
375:Abbess Mafalda was
358:Mafalda of Portugal
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269:Mosteiro de Arouca
240:40.92806; -8.24667
26:Mosteiro de Arouca
991:MOP, ed. (1960),
982:MOP, ed. (1959),
973:MOP, ed. (1957),
964:MOP, ed. (1956),
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128:Architecture
89:Dedicated to
20:Arouca Abbey
383:Suppression
315:Reconquista
238: /
213:Coordinates
73:Established
63:Benedictine
1082:Categories
577:References
568:Bracarense
366:papal bull
273:Cistercian
265:Portuguese
256:Batholomew
223:40°55′41″N
207:, Portugal
136:suppressed
120:Founder(s)
67:Cistercian
389:civil war
377:beatified
271:), was a
226:8°14′48″W
182:Mannerist
168:Architect
93:St. Peter
49:Full name
1056:citation
1033:citation
1010:citation
942:citation
910:citation
887:citation
843:citation
820:citation
797:citation
775:citation
716:citation
689:23 April
559:edicules
552:Interior
532:and the
530:Serra Mó
436:and St.
397:Pedro IV
362:Sancho I
347:Afonso I
324:Asturian
197:Location
700:Sources
322:by two
287:History
186:Baroque
104:Diocese
528:, the
448:Legacy
354:abbess
328:Moldes
277:Arouca
205:Aveiro
201:Arouca
133:Status
115:People
109:Aveiro
76:c. 925
582:Notes
178:Style
58:Order
1062:link
1039:link
1016:link
948:link
925:Arte
916:link
893:link
849:link
826:link
803:link
781:link
722:link
691:2017
544:and
421:réis
252:The
192:Site
163:1910
84:1886
332:ERO
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536:.
387:A
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203:,
184:,
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