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385:(1931). This novel explored the story of an African-American jockey named Little Augie who easily earns money and carelessly squanders it. Little Augie ends up wandering through the black sporting world when his luck as a jockey eventually runs out. Bontemps was praised for his poetic style, his re-creation of the black language, and his distinguishing characters throughout this novel. However, despite the abundant amount of praise,
433:, nine African Americans, were charged with rape of two white women and being prosecuted in a case that became renowned for racial injustice. During this time, Bontemps had many friends visit and stay with him while they came to Alabama to protest this trial. The school administration was worried about his many out-of-state visitors.
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The WPA hired writers to produce histories of states and major cities. The
Illinois Project was one of the most successful state projects; it employed numerous noted writers. The project work helped them survive economically, and most also worked on their own writing. Bontemps, in addition to other
452:, an uneducated, enslaved field worker and coachman. It describes Prosser's attempt to conduct a slave army to raid an armory in Richmond, in order to defend themselves against any assailants. A fellow slave betrayed Prosser, causing the rebellion to be shut down. Prosser was captured by whites and
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In later years, Bontemps said that the administration at
Oakwood Junior College had demanded he burn many of his private books to demonstrate that he had given up radical politics. Bontemps refused to do so. He resigned from his teaching position and returned with his family to California in 1934.
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Bontemps struggled to make enough from his books to support his family. He was dismayed to gain little professional acknowledgement for his work despite being a prolific writer. He became discouraged as an
African-American writer of this time. He started to believe that it was futile for him to
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Through his librarianship and bibliographic work, Bontemps became a leading figure in establishing
African-American literature as a legitimate object of study and preservation. His work as a poet, novelist, children's writer, editor, librarian and historian helped shape modern African-American
1347:"Two Rewarding Volumes of Verse; ONE-WAY TICKET. By Langston Hughes. Illustrated by Jacob Lawrence. 136 pp. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. $ 2.75. THE POETRY OF THE NEGRO: 1746-1949. Edited by Arna Bontemps and Langston Hughes. 429 pp. New York: Doubleday & Co. $ 5"
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as "a stimulating cross-section of the imaginative writing of the Negro" that demonstrates "talent to the point where one questions the necessity (other than for its social evidence) of the specialization of 'Negro' in the title" – and
472:, where he had moved with them shortly before publishing the book. He briefly taught in Chicago at the Shiloh Academy but did not stay at the school long, leaving for a job with the Illinois Writers' Project (IWP), under the federal
574:. During his time there, he developed important collections and archives of African-American literature and culture, namely the Langston Hughes Renaissance Collection. Bontemps was initiated as a member of the Zeta Rho chapter of
291:(NAACP). He depicted hope as an "empty bark" drifting meaninglessly with no purpose, referring to his confusion about his career. Bontemps, along with many other West Coast intellectuals, traveled to
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and French colonists. His father was a contractor and sometimes would take his son to construction sites. As the boy got older, his father would take him along to speak-easies at night that featured
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551:(1942). This was a children's story about a hound dog, Sooner, who races and outruns trains. Embarrassed about this, the roadmaster puts him against the fastest train, the Cannon Ball.
306:(present-day Northeastern Academy) in New York City. While teaching, Bontemps continued to write and publish poetry. In both 1926 and 1927, he received the Alexander Pushkin Prize of
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362:, with whom he had six children. From oldest to youngest they are: Joan, Paul, Poppy, Camille, Connie and Alex. In 1931, he left New York and his teaching position at the
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539:). This book received wider recognition than his other novels. Some critics viewed the plot as overdramatic, while others commended its characterizations.
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attempt to address his writing to his own generation, so he chose to focus his serious writing on younger and more progressive audiences. Bontemps met
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In the early 1930s, Bontemps began to publish fiction, in addition to more poetry. He received a considerable amount of attention for his first novel,
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viewed it as "sordid" and equated it with other "decadent" novels of the Harlem
Renaissance. Later in his career, Bontemps collaborated with
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468:. Despite these rave reviews, in the midst of the Depression, Bontemps did not earn enough from sales of the novel to support his family in
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Original publication is not part of the digitized archival available on Google Books. However, it is credited in the reprint edition:
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During the early 1930s, African-American writers and intellectuals were discriminated against in
Northern Alabama. Thirty miles from
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In August 1924, at the age of 22, Bontemps published his first poem, "Hope" (originally called "A Record of the Darker Races"), in
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1518:. James Weldon Johnson Collection in the Yale Collection of American Literature, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.
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621:(1970), two other children's books. Simultaneously he was writing pieces targeted for teenagers, including biographies on
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456:. In Bontemps' version, whites were compelled to admit that slaves were humans who had possibilities of a promising life.
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and other works. They created part of what became a massive collection of writings on the "Negro in
Illinois".
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177:) (October 13, 1902 – June 4, 1973) was an American poet, novelist and librarian, and a noted member of the
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received many extraordinary reviews by both
African-American and mainstream journals, for example, the
410:. This story followed the lives of siblings Popo and Fifina, in an easy to understand introduction to
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fraternity at Fisk in 1954. He served at Fisk until 1964 and would continue to return occasionally.
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Bontemps returned to graduate school and earned a master's degree in library science from the
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to create a dramatic adaption of the novel. Together in 1946 they published this adaption as
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1110:"Arna Bontemps facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Arna Bontemps"
1086:. Annual Local Conference on Afro-American Culture and History, Tennessee State University.
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418:(1934), which followed a story of a boy and his pet dog living in a rural part of Alabama.
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and wrote a history of the migration of
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Bontemps also began to write several children's books. In 1932, he collaborated with
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100 Most
Popular African American Authors: Biographical Sketches and Bibliographies
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933:(Philadelphia: Winston, 1951; London: Paul Breman, 1963; Oxford & New York:
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literature, but it also had a tremendous influence on African-American culture.
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In New York, Bontemps met other writers who became lifelong friends, including
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African American Authors, 1745–1945: A Bio-Bibliographical Critical Sourcebook
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life for children. Bontemps continued writing children's novels and published
378:, where he had a teaching position at Oakwood Junior College for three years.
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1335:, Westport, CT: Libraries Unlimited, 2007, pp. 33–36. Popular Authors Series.
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The Arna Bontemps African American Museum is located downtown in his native
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magazine, in his job at Los Angeles Post Office. Bontemps later traveled to
205:. His mother, Maria Carolina Pembroke, was a schoolteacher. The family was
924:, ed. Arna Bontemps (New York: Macmillan, 1941, 1957; Da Capo Press, 1991)
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In 1936 Bontemps published what is considered by some as his best work,
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During this time, Bontemps published numerous novels varying in genre.
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444:. This novel explores a slave rebellion that took place in 1800 near
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Renaissance Man from Louisiana: A Biography of Arna Wendell Bontemps
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After retiring from Fisk University in 1966, Bontemps worked at the
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Jones, Jacqueline C. "Arna Bontemps," in Emmanuel S. Nelson (ed.),
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The Old South: "A Summer Tragedy" and Other Stories of the Thirties
892:, by Arna Bontemps and Jack Conroy (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1946)
1274:"Illinois Writers Project: "Negro in Illinois" Digital Collection"
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Bontemps is buried at Greenwood Cemetery in Nashville, Tennessee.
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on the Illinois Writers’ Project, and in collaboration they wrote
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713:(1963), which was a popular anthology. He compiled his poetry in
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Following his graduation, Bontemps met and befriended the author
992:
The Harlem Renaissance Remembered: Essays, Edited, With a Memoir
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Hold Fast to Dreams: Poems Old and New Selected by Arna Bontemps
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became a role model, collaborator, and dear friend to Bontemps.
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Golden Slippers: an Anthology of Negro Poetry for Young Readers
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After graduation, he moved to New York in 1924 to teach at the
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864:, compiled by Arna Bontemps (New York: Harper & Row, 1941)
846:(New York: Macmillan, 1939; reprinted Baton Rouge, Louisiana:
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Joseph and His Brothers: From In the Beginning by Sholem Asch
717:(1963) and also wrote an introduction for a previous novel,
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district. After attending public schools, Bontemps attended
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100 Greatest African Americans: A Biographical Encyclopedia
1365:"Arna Wendell Bontemps (1902 - 1973) - Find A Grave Photos"
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In the Beginning: Bible Stories for Children by Sholem Asch
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National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
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An Anthology of African American Poetry for Young People
1068:; Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster Inc., 1988), p. 123.
900:, (New York: Knopf, 1948; New York: Random House, 1963)
880:(Garden City, New York: Doubleday, Doran and Co., 1945)
609:(1951) were two children's books that he co wrote with
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When Bontemps was three years old, his family moved to
732:, while working on his collection of short fiction in
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Bontemps died aged 71 on June 4, 1973, at his home in
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In 1938, following the publication of children's book
1262:. Chicago History Museum and Northwestern University.
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794:(New York, Harcourt, Brace and Co., 1931; New York:
504:, Kitty Chapelle, and Robert Lucas, in creating the
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Writers of historical fiction set in the modern age
988:(New York: Dodd, Mead, 1971; Apollo Editions, 2000)
236:and West. They settled in what became known as the
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1033:Anthology of Negro Poets in the U.S.A. - 200 Years
824:(New York: Macmillan, 1936; reprinted with intro.
1244:, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2000, pp. 36–43.
1453:Arna Bontemps-Langston Hughes Letters, 1925–1967
904:The Poetry of the Negro, 1746–1949: an anthology
480:work for the IWP, oversaw such young writers as
693:(1945). They later revised and published it as
670:on pieces geared toward adults. They co-edited
558:in 1943. He was appointed as head librarian at
822:Black Thunder: Gabriel's Revolt: Virginia 1800
709:(1972). In addition he was also able to edit
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531:'s slave rebellion in the French colony of
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1084:Profiles of African Americans in Tennessee
775:included Arna Bontemps on his list of the
535:(which became the independent republic of
274:, where he settled and became part of the
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1331:Drew, Bernard A. (ed.), "Arna Bontemps",
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890:Slappy Hooper, the Wonderful Sign Painter
1172:, February 2000. Retrieved June 3, 2007.
1417:, Amherst, New York: Prometheus Books.
1309:10.5406/illinois/9780252037696.001.0001
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588:University of Illinois (Chicago Circle)
312:, an academic journal published by the
1345:Creekmore, Hubert (January 30, 1949).
1542:20th-century African-American writers
1300:The Negro in Illinois: The WPA Papers
1080:"Arnaud Wendell Bontemps (1902-1973)"
1058:Webster's New Biographical Dictionary
918:Father of the Blues: an Autobiography
764:During his life, Bontemps earned two
633:. His other pieces of this time were
370:deepened. He and his family moved to
7:
1494:Profile at Academy of American Poets
730:myocardial infarction (heart attack)
594:, where he served as curator of the
1441:(Westport: Greenwood Press, 1992).
928:Chariot in the Sky: a Story of the
914:(Evanston, IL: Row, Peterson, 1950)
721:, when it was republished in 1968.
685:(1958). Bontemps collaborated with
651:(1964). Critics highly praised his
27:American poet, novelist (1902–1973)
1667:Writers from Alexandria, Louisiana
1547:20th-century American male writers
1170:American National Biography Online
994:(New York: Dodd, Mead, 1972, 1984)
802:Popo and Fifina, Children of Haiti
25:
1090:from the original on June 2, 2010
943:(Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1955;
707:The Harlem Renaissance Remembered
657:Jane Addams Children's Book Award
523:fellowship to work on his novel,
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1451:Charles Harold Nichols, editor,
1303:. University of Illinois Press.
1213:, September–October 2002, p. 25.
979:(Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1970)
886:(Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1945)
874:(Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1942)
848:Louisiana State University Press
818:(New York: William Morrow, 1934)
139:
1617:Federal Writers' Project people
1552:20th-century American novelists
519:(1937), Bontemps was granted a
507:Cavalcade of the American Negro
209:, and Bontemps was baptized at
197:family. His ancestors included
1657:People from Watts, Los Angeles
1455:(New York: Dodd, Mead, 1980).
778:100 Greatest African Americans
232:and into cities of the North,
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1592:American historical novelists
1572:African-American male writers
828:, Boston: Beacon Press, 1992)
474:Works Progress Administration
465:Saturday Review of Literature
189:Bontemps was born in 1902 in
1662:University of Chicago alumni
1652:Pacific Union College alumni
1481:Children's literature portal
1413:Asante, Molefi Kete (2002),
1297:Dolinar, Brian, ed. (2013).
1010:(New York: Dodd, Mead, 1973)
1004:(New York, Dodd, Mead, 1972)
808:(New York: Macmillan, 1932;
697:(1966). Bontemps also wrote
613:. Individually he published
211:St. Francis Xavier Cathedral
1587:American children's writers
1567:African-American librarians
1557:20th-century American poets
1504:UIUC Modern American Poetry
287:, official magazine of the
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1577:African-American novelists
1562:African-American Catholics
1256:"Federal Writers' Project"
983:Free at Last: the Life of
699:100 Years of Negro Freedom
683:The Book of Negro Folklore
564:historically black college
527:(1939). This was based on
213:. They would later become
1597:Librarians from Tennessee
792:God Sends Sunday: A Novel
358:In 1926 Bontemps married
46:Bontemps photographed by
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1672:Writers from Los Angeles
1647:Novelists from Tennessee
1642:Novelists from Louisiana
1516:Arna Bontemps Collection
1166:"Bontemps, Arna Wendell"
1041:(Folkways Records, 1990)
1035:(Folkways Records, 1955)
1029:(Folkways Records, 1955)
1023:(Folkways Records, 1955)
973:(Chicago: Follett, 1969)
911:George Washington Carver
623:George Washington Carver
1632:Louisiana Creole people
1622:Fisk University faculty
1602:American male novelists
1390:"Arna Wendell Bontemps"
1260:Encyclopedia of Chicago
1078:Wynn, Linda T. (1996).
935:Oxford University Press
870:, by Arna Bontemps and
810:Oxford University Press
804:, by Arna Bontemps and
796:Washington Square Press
672:The Poetry of the Negro
222:Los Angeles, California
1582:African-American poets
1278:Chicago Public Library
1224:"Arna Bontemps Museum"
961:Great Slave Narratives
955:Dodd, Mead and Company
844:Drums at Dusk: A Novel
816:You Can’t Pet a Possum
766:Guggenheim Fellowships
760:
703:Great Slave Narratives
674:(1949) – described by
416:You Can't Pet a Possum
215:Seventh-day Adventists
1637:Newbery Honor winners
951:Famous Negro Athletes
868:The Fast Sooner Hound
757:Alexandria, Louisiana
754:
711:American Negro Poetry
666:Bontemps worked with
655:, which received the
649:Famous Negro Athletes
576:Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia
556:University of Chicago
549:The Fast Sooner Hound
529:Toussaint L’Ouverture
316:. In 1926 he won the
314:National Urban League
242:Pacific Union College
228:of blacks out of the
191:Alexandria, Louisiana
135:Arna Wendell Bontemps
119:Pacific Union College
71:Alexandria, Louisiana
59:Arna Wendell Bontemps
18:Arna Wendell Bontemps
1489:Arna Bontemps Museum
1187:www.arnabontemps.org
1114:www.encyclopedia.com
1000:Booker T. Washington
631:Booker T. Washington
596:James Weldon Johnson
590:. He later moved to
341:James Weldon Johnson
199:free people of color
88:Nashville, Tennessee
1612:American librarians
1607:American male poets
1437:Kirkland C. Jones,
1627:Harlem Renaissance
1509:2008-12-19 at the
1369:www.findagrave.com
1351:The New York Times
985:Frederick Douglass
897:Story of the Negro
773:Molefi Kete Asante
761:
701:(1961) and edited
677:The New York Times
653:Story of the Negro
645:Chariot in the Sky
640:Story of the Negro
627:Frederick Douglass
446:Richmond, Virginia
337:Zora Neale Hurston
297:Harlem Renaissance
276:Harlem Renaissance
179:Harlem Renaissance
1499:Tennessee Authors
1318:978-0-252-09495-8
1162:Robert E. Fleming
856:978-0-8071-3439-9
771:In 2002, scholar
747:Legacy and honors
695:Anyplace But Here
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486:Margaret Walker
450:Gabriel Prosser
431:Scottsboro boys
408:Popo and Fifina
404:Langston Hughes
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83:(1973-06-04)
81:June 4, 1973
1537:1973 deaths
1532:1902 births
1394:64 Parishes
953:(New York:
922:W. C. Handy
872:Jack Conroy
705:(1969) and
647:(1951) and
617:(1955) and
611:Jack Conroy
582:Later years
545:Jack Conroy
498:Frank Yerby
349:Jean Toomer
309:Opportunity
295:during the
1526:Categories
1374:2017-02-24
1283:2021-08-13
1211:The Crisis
1192:2021-08-19
659:and was a
423:Huntsville
406:and wrote
372:Huntsville
284:The Crisis
185:Early life
95:Occupation
64:1902-10-13
963:(Boston:
836:(Boston:
728:, from a
726:Nashville
715:Personals
607:Sam Patch
572:Tennessee
568:Nashville
521:Rosenwald
448:, led by
224:, in the
193:, into a
128:1924–1973
115:Education
107:librarian
1507:Archived
1399:April 8,
1228:CenLamar
1088:Archived
850:, 2009,
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637:(1941),
476:(WPA).
293:New York
207:Catholic
104:novelist
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470:Chicago
454:lynched
427:Decatur
412:Haitian
376:Alabama
366:as the
234:Midwest
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1207:"Hope"
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663:Book.
429:, the
353:Hughes
318:Crisis
267:Fire!!
256:Career
246:Angwin
125:Period
90:, U.S.
73:, U.S.
50:, 1938
1046:Notes
786:Works
537:Haiti
238:Watts
230:South
1457:ISBN
1443:ISBN
1419:ISBN
1401:2019
1313:ISBN
1096:2010
1062:ISBN
852:ISBN
629:and
562:, a
347:and
203:jazz
171:bon-
101:Poet
78:Died
56:Born
1305:doi
566:in
425:in
244:in
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