45:
292:
1162:
312:
the temple of Yahu. Upon his return, Arsames punished the perpetrators, but he felt himself compelled to avoid any controversy by prohibiting the ritual slaughter of goats. However, the multiple pleas by the
Elephantine Jews for the reconstruction of their temple seem to have remained unheard for some years by the notables in Judah and Jerusalem to whom they had written.
311:
to their god was perceived as an insult by the clergy of the neighbouring temple of the
Egyptian ram-headed deity Khnum. Taking advantage of one of Arsames' absences, the clergy of Khnum corrupted a local military commander, Vidaranag, and unimpededly instigated and succeeded into the destruction of
246:
After the revolt, Arsames undertook a conciliatory policy towards the native
Egyptians in order to avoid igniting new revolts; likely for this reason, he allowed Inaros' son Thannyras to maintain his lordship on part of the Delta, as
725:"Another seal, also from Egypt, shows a Persian king, his left hand grasping an Egyptian with an Egyptian hairdo (pschent), whom he thrusts through with his lance while holding four prisoners with a rope around their necks."
697:"Victor, apparently wearing the tall Persian headdress rather than a crown, leads four bareheaded Egyptian captives by a rope tied to his belt. Victor spears a figure wearing Egyptian type crown." in
284:
in Persia between 410 and 407/6 as reported by other documents, among these some exchange letters with his estate manager
Nakhtihor and with a man named Artavant who probably acted as satrap of Egypt
299:
In 410 BCE a revolt erupted at
Elephantine, where an established Jewish community lived along with the native Egyptians, and where the two communities had their local temple, that of
1011:
2070:
1348:
2055:
658:
795:
564:
506:
2060:
579:
490:
307:
respectively. Jews were well tolerated by
Arsames and by the Persian occupants in general; however, it seems that the Jewish practice of
49:
Lower half of one of the
Elephantine papyri, containing a plea for the reconstruction of the Jewish temple at Elephantine, and dated to "
295:
Cylinder seal depicting a
Persian king thrusting his lance at an Egyptian pharaoh, while holding four other Egyptian captives on a rope.
935:
916:
897:
534:
254:
While his aforementioned early career is reported only by Greek sources, Arsames' later life is known from several letters written in
868:
824:
738:
710:
682:
621:
440:
2065:
1216:
1004:
138:
86:
1842:
527:
The
Iranian Expanse: Transforming Royal Identity through Architecture, Landscape, and the Built Environment, 550 BCE–642 CE
2031:
1553:
2035:
1920:
1605:
1445:
953:
Arshama
Project: Communication, Language and Power in the Achaemenid Empire: The correspondence of the satrap Arshama
1375:
997:
1538:
1516:
433:
The Cambridge Ancient History (2nd ed.), vol. IV – Persia, Greece and the Western Mediterranean c. 525 to 479 B.C
44:
1206:
20:
1323:
1313:
1131:
460:
1994:
1618:
1410:
1303:
1030:
1574:
1275:
550:
1881:
1613:
1543:
1352:
431:(2006). "Egypt, 525–404 B.C.". In Boardman, John; Hammond, N.D.L.; Lewis, D.M.; Ostwald, M. (eds.).
1803:
1450:
1121:
964:
401:
233:
66:
1751:
1415:
267:
209:
165:
841:
525:(2018). "Rival Visions and New Royal Identities in Post-Achaemenid Anatolia and the Caucasus".
1271:
1231:
1042:
1021:
931:
912:
893:
864:
858:
820:
791:
787:
734:
728:
706:
678:
617:
560:
554:
530:
522:
502:
436:
315:
Arsames is no longer mentioned after 406 BC, and it is likely that he died shortly before the
276:
169:
669:"a Persian hero slaughtering an Egyptian pharaoh while leading four other Egyptian captives"
1526:
1101:
672:
308:
236:. In 454 BC, shortly after his appointment, Arsames helped suppress the revolt by defeating
197:
181:
702:
The king and kingship in Achaemenid art: essays on the creation of an iconography of empire
1978:
1747:
1333:
1173:
1141:
1086:
494:
464:
1813:
1716:
1662:
1318:
1136:
609:
406:
Abhandlungen der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften aus dem Jahre 1907
2049:
1984:
1905:
1868:
1708:
1685:
1628:
1370:
1308:
1256:
890:
Aršāma and his World: The Bodleian Letters in Context: Volume I: The Bodleian Letters
780:
775:
397:
270:, and which are datable from 428 BC onwards. It is known that in 423 BC he supported
150:
134:
1964:
1721:
1703:
1670:
1584:
1430:
1328:
1261:
1236:
1226:
1111:
412:. Berlin: Verlag der Königlichen Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1901-07.
335:
enemies, with a depiction of the crowns of Lower and Upper Egypt, worn by falcons.
316:
229:
96:
989:
909:
Aršāma and his World: The Bodleian Letters in Context: Volume II: Bullae and Seals
846:. Chicago : The University of Chicago Press. p. Plate XXXI, seal Nb 453.
291:
928:
Aršāma and his World: The Bodleian Letters in Context: Volume III: Aršāma's World
700:
331:
Arsama is also known from an engraved cylinder seal, in which he is seen killing
1798:
1731:
1594:
1435:
1425:
1241:
1211:
1091:
428:
263:
154:
120:
1774:
1769:
1690:
1680:
1647:
1564:
1548:
1511:
1386:
1298:
1283:
1221:
1161:
1146:
1081:
1058:
1051:
241:
127:
1954:
1940:
1936:
1910:
1886:
1764:
1759:
1695:
1652:
1589:
1506:
1420:
1400:
1395:
1293:
1288:
1246:
1126:
1116:
816:
320:
271:
248:
237:
225:
221:
100:
638:
2004:
1958:
1876:
1852:
1793:
1569:
1472:
1440:
1405:
1365:
1251:
1191:
1106:
674:
The Archaeology of Power and Politics in Eurasia: Regimes and Revolutions
162:
2018:
2014:
2008:
1988:
1974:
1944:
1915:
1897:
1847:
1834:
1823:
1818:
1642:
1579:
1558:
1498:
1488:
1477:
1360:
1338:
1201:
1196:
1186:
1181:
1096:
1076:
1071:
1065:
255:
213:
1998:
1857:
1726:
1675:
1493:
1151:
971:
130:
952:
499:
Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume II/5: Armenia and Iran IV–Art in Iran I
1948:
1785:
1530:
1461:
813:
The Persian Empire: a corpus of sources from the Achaemenid period
304:
290:
671:
Hartley, Charles W.; Yazicioğlu, G. Bike; Smith, Adam T. (2012).
161:("having a hero's strength"), which was a common name within the
1968:
843:
Ancient oriental seals in the collection of Mr. Edward T. Newell
501:. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. p. 546.
332:
300:
281:
993:
259:
840:
Newell, Edward Theodore; Osten, Hans Henning von der (1934).
1160:
232:
and the Achaemenid rule and had slain in battle the satrap,
677:. Cambridge University Press. p. ix, photograph 4.6.
2030:
In most territories, Achaemenid rulers were succeeded by
860:
From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire
730:
From Cyrus to Alexander: A History of the Persian Empire
212:
prince, a grandson of Darius the Great. According to
1929:
1895:
1866:
1832:
1783:
1746:
1661:
1627:
1603:
1525:
1459:
1384:
1347:
1270:
1171:
1038:
92:
82:
72:
62:
28:
779:
172:(550–330 BC). The name is a compound, composed of
815:(2nd (electronic publication) ed.). London:
402:"Drei aramäische Papyrusurkunden aus Elephantine"
461:"PERSONAL NAMES, IRANIAN iii. ACHAEMENID PERIOD"
224:. Previously, an ancient Egyptian prince called
926:Tuplin, Christopher J.; Ma, John, eds. (2020).
907:Tuplin, Christopher J.; Ma, John, eds. (2020).
888:Tuplin, Christopher J.; Ma, John, eds. (2020).
529:. University of California Press. p. 109.
137:during the 5th century BC, at the time of the
1005:
8:
168:as well as amongst the Persian elite of the
770:
768:
435:. Cambridge University Press. p. 266.
77:possibly none (end of the satrapy of Egypt)
1012:
998:
990:
958:
454:
452:
43:
25:
604:
602:
592:
590:
553:(2022). "The Times They Are a-Changin'".
484:
482:
480:
478:
639:"The Achaemenid Period in Northern Iraq"
616:. Oxford: Blackwell Books. p. 371.
423:
421:
419:
752:
750:
389:
344:
782:Egypt of the Pharaohs: an introduction
705:. Diffusion, E.J. Brill. p. 182.
180:("strength"). The name is attested in
16:5th-century BC Persian satrap of Egypt
559:. London: Headline Publishing Group.
7:
646:L'Archéologie de l'Empire Achéménide
581:Photius' Excerpt of Ctesias' Persica
556:Persians: The Age of the Great Kings
469:Encyclopædia Iranica, Online Edition
19:For other people named Arsames, see
786:. Oxford University Press. p.
982:possibly none (end of the satrapy)
471:. Encyclopædia Iranica Foundation.
280:, and later he was called back to
196:), is attested in the daughter of
14:
188:. The feminine form of the name,
220:was appointed satrap by general
2071:Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt
364:The compound words are spelled
319:achieved by the native pharaoh
637:Curtis, John (November 2003).
1:
2056:5th-century BC Iranian people
659:ARŠĀMA – Encyclopedia Iranica
372:respectively if the spelling
51:..the Year 17 of King Darius
863:. Eisenbrauns. p. 216.
761:. Routledge. pp. 42–43.
733:. Eisenbrauns. p. 215.
699:Root, Margaret Cool (1979).
317:Egyptian reconquest of Egypt
2061:Achaemenid satraps of Egypt
930:. Oxford University Press.
911:. Oxford University Press.
892:. Oxford University Press.
240:reinforcements sent in the
2087:
1158:
759:Who's Who in Ancient Egypt
614:A History of Ancient Egypt
18:
2028:
1681:Queen Amoashtart (regent)
1028:
978:
969:
961:
459:Schmitt, Rüdiger (2005).
258:, mainly compiled by the
42:
35:
228:openly revolted against
21:Arsames (disambiguation)
2066:5th century BC in Egypt
857:Briant, Pierre (2002).
727:Briant, Pierre (2002).
1619:Alexander I of Macedon
1165:
811:Kuhrt, Amélie (2010).
757:Rice, Michael (1999).
551:Llewellyn-Jones, Lloyd
489:Bresciani, E. (1986).
296:
1276:Hellespontine Phrygia
1164:
1147:Darius III Codomannus
596:Ray, op. cit., p. 276
294:
266:and belonging to the
139:27th Dynasty of Egypt
1882:Hydarnes the Younger
1614:Amyntas I of Macedon
1137:Artaxerxes III Ochus
1132:Artaxerxes II Mnemon
1033:- Achaemenid Kingdom
2032:Hellenistic satraps
1930:Other known satraps
1385:Greek Governors of
1152:Artaxerxes V Bessus
1142:Artaxerxes IV Arses
176:("male, hero") and
2038:from around 330 BC
2036:Hellenistic rulers
1166:
819:. pp. 856–8.
523:Canepa, Matthew P.
297:
274:in his successful
268:Elephantine papyri
55:, under Arsames...
2043:
2042:
1232:Cyrus the Younger
1043:Achaemenid Empire
1022:Achaemenid Empire
988:
987:
979:Succeeded by
976:c.454 – c.406 BC
797:978-0-19-500267-6
566:978-1-5416-0035-5
508:978-0-71009-105-5
309:sacrificing goats
170:Achaemenid Empire
166:Achaemenid family
149:"Arsames" is the
106:
105:
38:
2078:
1102:Darius the Great
1014:
1007:
1000:
991:
962:Preceded by
959:
941:
922:
903:
875:
874:
854:
848:
847:
837:
831:
830:
808:
802:
801:
785:
772:
763:
762:
754:
745:
744:
723:
717:
716:
695:
689:
688:
667:
661:
656:
650:
649:
643:
634:
628:
627:
606:
597:
594:
585:
577:
571:
570:
547:
541:
540:
519:
513:
512:
495:Yarshater, Ehsan
486:
473:
472:
465:Yarshater, Ehsan
456:
447:
446:
425:
414:
413:
394:
377:
362:
356:
349:
198:Darius the Great
47:
36:
31:
26:
2086:
2085:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2024:
1979:Greater Phrygia
1925:
1891:
1862:
1828:
1779:
1742:
1657:
1623:
1599:
1521:
1455:
1380:
1343:
1334:Pharnabazus III
1266:
1167:
1156:
1087:Cyrus the Great
1040:
1034:
1024:
1018:
984:
975:
972:Satrap of Egypt
967:
948:
938:
925:
919:
906:
900:
887:
884:
882:Further reading
879:
878:
871:
856:
855:
851:
839:
838:
834:
827:
810:
809:
805:
798:
774:
773:
766:
756:
755:
748:
741:
726:
724:
720:
713:
698:
696:
692:
685:
670:
668:
664:
657:
653:
641:
636:
635:
631:
624:
610:Grimal, Nicolas
608:
607:
600:
595:
588:
578:
574:
567:
549:
548:
544:
537:
521:
520:
516:
509:
488:
487:
476:
458:
457:
450:
443:
427:
426:
417:
396:
395:
391:
386:
381:
380:
363:
359:
350:
346:
341:
329:
245:
208:Arsames was an
206:
147:
58:
37:Satrap of Egypt
29:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2084:
2082:
2074:
2073:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2048:
2047:
2041:
2040:
2029:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2022:
2012:
2002:
1992:
1982:
1972:
1962:
1952:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1902:
1900:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1873:
1871:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1839:
1837:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1814:Pherendates II
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1790:
1788:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1756:
1754:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1739:Abdashtart III
1737:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1717:Baalshillem II
1714:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1698:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1667:
1665:
1663:Kings of Sidon
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1637:
1633:
1631:
1625:
1624:
1622:
1621:
1616:
1610:
1608:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1535:
1533:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1466:
1464:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1392:
1390:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1357:
1355:
1345:
1344:
1342:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1319:Pharnabazus II
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1280:
1278:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1217:Artaphernes II
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1178:
1176:
1169:
1168:
1159:
1157:
1155:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1062:
1055:
1047:
1045:
1039:Kings of Kings
1036:
1035:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1020:Rulers in the
1019:
1017:
1016:
1009:
1002:
994:
986:
985:
980:
977:
968:
963:
957:
956:
947:
946:External links
944:
943:
942:
937:978-0198860716
936:
923:
918:978-0198860709
917:
904:
899:978-0199687640
898:
883:
880:
877:
876:
869:
849:
832:
825:
803:
796:
776:Gardiner, Alan
764:
746:
739:
718:
711:
690:
683:
662:
651:
629:
622:
598:
586:
572:
565:
542:
536:978-0520379206
535:
514:
507:
474:
448:
441:
415:
398:Sachau, Eduard
388:
387:
385:
382:
379:
378:
357:
343:
342:
340:
337:
328:
327:Seal of Arsama
325:
262:priesthood of
205:
202:
200:(522–486 BC).
146:
143:
104:
103:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
48:
40:
39:
33:
32:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2083:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2037:
2033:
2027:
2020:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1996:
1993:
1990:
1986:
1985:Phrataphernes
1983:
1980:
1976:
1973:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1906:Syennesis III
1904:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1894:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1865:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1831:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1787:
1782:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1738:
1736:Abdashtart II
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1709:Baalshillem I
1707:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1689:
1687:
1686:Eshmunazar II
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1660:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1630:
1629:Kings of Tyre
1626:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1602:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1465:
1463:
1458:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1383:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1371:Mithrobuzanes
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1309:Pharnabazus I
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1263:
1260:
1258:
1257:Autophradates
1255:
1253:
1250:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1212:Artaphernes I
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1170:
1163:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1063:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1044:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1015:
1010:
1008:
1003:
1001:
996:
995:
992:
983:
974:
973:
966:
960:
955:
954:
950:
949:
945:
939:
933:
929:
924:
920:
914:
910:
905:
901:
895:
891:
886:
885:
881:
872:
870:9781575061207
866:
862:
861:
853:
850:
845:
844:
836:
833:
828:
826:9781136016943
822:
818:
814:
807:
804:
799:
793:
789:
784:
783:
777:
771:
769:
765:
760:
753:
751:
747:
742:
740:9781575061207
736:
732:
731:
722:
719:
714:
712:9789004039025
708:
704:
703:
694:
691:
686:
684:9781139789387
680:
676:
675:
666:
663:
660:
655:
652:
647:
640:
633:
630:
625:
623:9780631174721
619:
615:
611:
605:
603:
599:
593:
591:
587:
584:
582:
576:
573:
568:
562:
558:
557:
552:
546:
543:
538:
532:
528:
524:
518:
515:
510:
504:
500:
496:
492:
485:
483:
481:
479:
475:
470:
466:
462:
455:
453:
449:
444:
442:0-521-22804-2
438:
434:
430:
424:
422:
420:
416:
411:
407:
403:
399:
393:
390:
383:
375:
371:
367:
361:
358:
354:
351:Also spelled
348:
345:
338:
336:
334:
326:
324:
322:
318:
313:
310:
306:
302:
293:
289:
287:
283:
279:
278:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
252:
250:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
203:
201:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
167:
164:
160:
156:
152:
144:
142:
140:
136:
135:ancient Egypt
132:
129:
125:
122:
118:
114:
111:(also called
110:
102:
98:
95:
91:
88:
85:
81:
78:
75:
71:
68:
65:
61:
56:
52:
46:
41:
34:
27:
22:
1995:Ariobarzanes
1965:Satibarzanes
1808:
1722:Abdashtart I
1704:Tetramnestos
1671:Eshmunazar I
1575:Artemisia II
1485:Teththiweibi
1431:Themistocles
1376:Ariarathes I
1329:Artabazus II
1324:Ariobarzanes
1314:Pharnaces II
1262:Spithridates
1237:Tissaphernes
1227:Tissaphernes
1112:Artaxerxes I
1064:
1057:
1050:
981:
970:
951:
927:
908:
889:
859:
852:
842:
835:
812:
806:
781:
758:
729:
721:
701:
693:
673:
665:
654:
645:
632:
613:
580:
575:
555:
545:
526:
517:
498:
468:
432:
429:Ray, John D.
409:
405:
392:
373:
369:
365:
360:
352:
347:
330:
314:
298:
285:
275:
253:
230:Artaxerxes I
217:
207:
193:
189:
185:
177:
173:
158:
153:form of the
148:
123:
116:
112:
108:
107:
97:Artaxerxes I
87:27th Dynasty
76:
57:" (407 BCE).
54:
50:
1896:Satraps of
1867:Satraps of
1833:Satraps of
1799:Pherendates
1784:Satraps of
1732:Evagoras II
1595:Orontobates
1554:Lygdamis II
1460:Dynasts of
1436:Archeptolis
1426:Aristagoras
1411:Eurysthenes
1304:Artabazus I
1242:Tithraustes
1172:Satraps of
1092:Cambyses II
1031:Family tree
648:. Paris: 3.
323:in 404 BC.
277:coup d'état
264:Elephantine
155:Old Persian
121:Old Persian
63:Predecessor
2050:Categories
1804:Achaemenes
1775:Orontes II
1770:Darius III
1691:Bodashtart
1639:Boulomenus
1565:Hecatomnus
1549:Pisindelis
1539:Lygdamis I
1512:Mithrapata
1503:Artembares
1446:Amyntas II
1387:Asia Minor
1366:Ariamnes I
1353:Cappadocia
1299:Oebares II
1284:Mitrobates
1222:Pissuthnes
1082:Cambyses I
1059:Ariaramnes
1052:Achaemenes
965:Achaemenes
384:References
286:ad interim
242:Nile Delta
234:Achaemenes
210:Achaemenid
151:Hellenized
128:Achaemenid
67:Achaemenes
1941:Abrocomas
1937:Megabyzus
1911:Camisares
1887:Atropates
1843:Hystaspes
1765:Orontes I
1760:Artasyrus
1696:Yatonmilk
1653:Azemilcus
1636:Mattan IV
1606:Macedonia
1604:Kings of
1590:Pixodarus
1544:Artemisia
1507:Artumpara
1451:Philiscus
1421:Histiaeus
1401:Demaratus
1396:Miltiades
1294:Megabates
1289:Megabazus
1247:Tiribazus
1127:Darius II
1122:Sogdianus
1117:Xerxes II
817:Routledge
321:Amyrtaios
272:Darius II
251:reports.
249:Herodotus
222:Megabyzus
126:) was an
101:Darius II
73:Successor
2005:Abulites
1959:Hyrcania
1877:Hydarnes
1853:Masistes
1794:Aryandes
1648:Evagoras
1570:Mausolus
1561:(satrap)
1482:Harpagus
1473:Kybernis
1441:Aridolis
1406:Gongylos
1252:Struthas
1192:Harpagus
1107:Xerxes I
778:(1961).
612:(1992).
583:, see 38
491:"ARŠĀMA"
400:(1907).
376:is used.
238:Athenian
218:Sarsamas
113:Sarsamas
2019:Babylon
2015:Mazaeus
2009:Susiana
1989:Parthia
1975:Atizyes
1945:Belesys
1921:Arsames
1916:Mazaeus
1898:Cilicia
1848:Dadarsi
1835:Bactria
1824:Mazaces
1819:Sabaces
1809:Arsames
1752:Armenia
1748:Satraps
1643:Abdemon
1580:Idrieus
1559:Adusius
1527:Dynasts
1517:Perikle
1499:Arbinas
1489:Kheriga
1478:Kuprlli
1469:Kheziga
1416:Prokles
1361:Datames
1349:Satraps
1339:Arsites
1272:Satraps
1202:Bagaeus
1197:Oroetus
1187:Mazares
1182:Tabalus
1097:Bardiya
1077:Cyrus I
1072:Teispes
1066:Arsames
1041:of the
497:(ed.).
467:(ed.).
256:Aramaic
214:Ctesias
192:(Greek
190:*Aršāmā
182:Aramaic
163:Persian
119:, from
117:Arxanes
109:Arsames
93:Pharaoh
83:Dynasty
30:Arsames
1999:Persis
1858:Bessus
1727:Tennes
1700:Anysos
1676:Tabnit
1494:Kherei
1389:cities
1207:Otanes
934:
915:
896:
867:
823:
794:
737:
709:
681:
620:
563:
533:
505:
439:
374:Ṛšāma-
366:šršan-
353:Ṛšāma-
260:Jewish
226:Inaros
204:Career
194:Arsamē
159:Aršāma
131:satrap
124:Aršāma
1955:Ochus
1949:Syria
1869:Media
1786:Egypt
1713:Baana
1531:Caria
1462:Lycia
1174:Lydia
642:(PDF)
493:. In
463:. In
339:Notes
305:Khnum
174:aršan
157:name
2034:and
1969:Aria
932:ISBN
913:ISBN
894:ISBN
865:ISBN
821:ISBN
792:ISBN
735:ISBN
707:ISBN
679:ISBN
618:ISBN
561:ISBN
531:ISBN
503:ISBN
437:ISBN
410:1907
370:ama-
368:and
333:Saka
303:and
301:Yahu
282:Susa
186:ʾršm
145:Name
115:and
53:(II)
1750:of
1585:Ada
1529:of
1351:of
1274:of
788:371
184:as
178:ama
133:of
99:to
2052::
1943:,
1939:,
790:.
767:^
749:^
644:.
601:^
589:^
477:^
451:^
418:^
408:.
404:.
288:.
216:,
141:.
2021:)
2017:(
2011:)
2007:(
2001:)
1997:(
1991:)
1987:(
1981:)
1977:(
1971:)
1967:(
1961:)
1957:(
1951:)
1947:(
1013:e
1006:t
999:v
940:.
921:.
902:.
873:.
829:.
800:.
743:.
715:.
687:.
626:.
569:.
539:.
511:.
445:.
355:.
244:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
