209:, a process, or in some cases, a scientific research. Each project has a beginning and an end, and as such is considered a closed dynamic system. It is developed along the 4 Ps of project management: Plan, Processes, People, and Power (e.g. line of authority). It is bound by the triple constraints that are calendar, costs and norms of quality, each of which can be determined and measured objectively along the project lifecycle. Some projects produce some level of formal documentation, the deliverable(s), and some impacts, which can be positive and/or negative.
591:
312:
In civil, military and industry (e.g. oil and gas) infrastructure, capital projects refer to activities to construct and install equipment, facilities and buildings. As these activities are temporary endeavors with clear start and end dates, the term "project" is applied. Because the results of these
821:
Organizations can be good at tactical projects, such as moving to a new building or introducing a new product. These are projects that have one operational goal, which probably does not entail contributions by most employees within the organization. In these projects, meeting a tactical goal on time
340:
It can be defined as "a set of state policies and/or agencies unified around a particular issue or oppression". Therefore, these kinds of projects involve constant change and dynamism due to the social constructions that evolve among time. State projects have to adapt to the current moment. They are
226:
assignment - given to a student - which generally requires a larger amount of effort and more independent work than that involved in a normal essay assignment. It requires students to undertake their fact-finding and analysis, either from library/internet research or from gathering data empirically.
986:
For the purpose of a feasibility analysis, a project is a concrete and organized effort that leads to the realization of a unique and innovative deliverable, which can be a product, service or process, or even a science research initiative, which is conceived based on a perceived opportunity. The
196:
A project consists of a concrete and organized effort motivated by a perceived opportunity when facing a problem, a need, a desire or a source of discomfort (e.g., lack of proper ventilation in a building). It seeks the realization of a unique and innovative
1018:
Programme
Management is the process of managing multiple independent projects . Projects deliver outputs; programmes create outcomes. Programme management is concerned with doing the right projects, whereas project management is about doing projects
1069:
The strategic project has a long-term goal to satisfy needs not included in the funding project. a strategic project usually has scope as its most critical issue, while a tactical project has schedule, cost, or a different set of scope as the primary
313:
activities are typically long-standing infrastructure, with a life measured in years or decades, these projects are typically accounted for in financial accounting as capital expenditures, and thus they are termed "capital projects".
627:
Two theoretical propositions have been made: First, projects as temporary systems are characterized by certain structural properties, in particular task specifications, time constraints and team relations, that guide project
954:
One or more participating Member States or the Chief
Executive may submit to the Steering Board an ad hoc project or programme within the Agency's remit, which shall presume general participation by the participating Member
987:
project has a beginning and an end, which can sometimes serve as a new bedrock for a different project. It involves a plan, some processes, people and a line of authority; it contains inherent challenges and problems.
349:
In the context of infrastructure code, a project is a collection of code used to build a discrete component of the system. There is no rule on how much a single project or its component can include.
188:
Contracted projects typically have a specified end date, when the contract may or may not be renewed; nonrenewal often has the same effect as cancellation but carries different legal ramifications.
822:
and within budget are key considerations. A strategic project, on the other hand, has a primary goal of gaining the competitive advantage by focusing on the organization's overall direction.
145:, a project can be defined as a "temporary endeavor" aimed to drive changes in teams, organizations, or societies. The output of a project is normally a unique product, service, or result.
134:
initially adopted the word, it referred to a plan of something, not to the act of actually carrying this plan out. Something performed in accordance with a project became known as an "
222:
A project is an individual or collaborative enterprise that is carefully planned and researched about by students. At schools, educational institutes and universities, a project is a
915:
After a design has been validated the
Application Designer will generate a skeleton implementation with projects, code, and configuration files that precisely match the design.
1097:
304:
The evaluation (measurement) occurs at the project closure. However, a continuous guard on the project progress should be kept by monitoring and evaluating.
276:
define target status at the end of the project, reaching of which is considered necessary for the achievement of planned benefits. They can be formulated as
1140:
20:
1034:
839:
681:
657:
91:"projects" or artists' musical "projects" (for example) may lack defined team-membership, precise planning and/or time-limited durations.
47:
as a sequence of events: a "set of interrelated tasks to be executed over a fixed period and within certain cost and other limitations".
503:
1090:
1055:
1004:
972:
940:
901:
866:
153:
Project cancellation is the termination of a project prior to its completion and generally includes the cessation of access to
1257:
1150:
1125:
556:
project
Planned set of interrelated tasks to be executed over a fixed period and within certain cost and other limitations.
477:
1216:
1130:
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1083:
458:
416:
142:
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1293:
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467:
453:
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411:
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1288:
775:
67:
1318:
1196:
1191:
1135:
357:
Some analyses of project-oriented activity distinguish - using military-style terminology - between grandiose
528:
in
English: An individual or collaborative enterprise that is carefully planned to achieve a particular aim
1165:
1160:
1047:
Rescue the
Problem Project: A Complete Guide to Identifying, Preventing, and Recovering from Project Failure
932:
The Law of EU External
Relations: Cases, Materials, and Commentary on the EU as an International Legal Actor
329:
1509:
1440:
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809:
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24:
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254:
206:
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611:
448:
443:
328:, a project can consist of programs, configuration definitions and related data. For example, in
262:
250:
246:
240:
202:
511:
119:, which denotes precedence, something that comes before something else in time (paralleling the
1499:
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1000:
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383:
231:, which will contain sections on the project's inception, analysis, findings and conclusions.
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51:
44:
967:. Systems Innovation Book Series. New York: CRC Press (published 2017). p. 53.
1404:
607:
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63:
55:
36:
is a type of assignment, typically involving research or design, that is carefully
1045:
994:
962:
930:
438:
421:
198:
723:, and Ralf Müller. "On the nature of the project as a temporary organization."
1394:
258:
170:
71:
876:
185:
often stipulate the time and the manner in which a project may be cancelled.
178:
993:
Mittal, Prashant (December 2009). "Programme
Management: An Introduction".
249:, a project consists of a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique
227:
The written report that comes from the project is usually in the form of a
1044:
Williams, Todd C.; Kendrick, Tom (2011). "15: Dealing with 'Unprojects'".
572:
570:
568:
566:
564:
325:
322:
223:
182:
162:
294:
Achievable (recently Agreed to or
Acceptable are used regularly as well)
127:, "to do". The word "project" thus originally meant "before an action".
1252:
709:
A Management
Framework: For Project, Program and Portfolio Integration.
592:"Embedding projects in multiple contexts – a structuration perspective"
482:
154:
1075:
261:
environment that is created for the purpose of delivering one or more
1242:
166:
999:. New Delhi: Global India Publications (published 2009). p. 1.
892:. Developer Reference Series (2 ed.). Microsoft Press. p.
1029:(7th ed.). Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute.
157:
and other project resources. Project cancellation may result from
104:
1050:. AMACOM Division: American Management Association. p. 208.
1027:
A guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide)
964:
Project Feasibility: Tools for Uncovering Points of Vulnerability
1283:
859:
Political sociology : oppression, resistance, and the state
406:
396:
273:
174:
135:
59:
37:
19:
For the urban low-income housing buildings called projects, see
1079:
297:
Realistic (given the current state of organizational resources)
996:
Programme Management: Managing Multiple Projects Successfully
504:"definition of project in English from the Oxford dictionary"
576:
332:, a "solution" consists of projects and other definitions.
308:
Civil and military construction and industry infrastructure
929:; de Baere, Geert; Ramopoulos, Thomas (5 September 2013).
935:. Oxford University Press (published 2013). p. 922.
269:. Projects can also be seen as temporary organizations.
181:
factors, or any combination of those and other factors.
50:
A project may be a temporary (rather than a permanent)
888:
Working with Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 Team System
671:
669:
667:
361:
and more trivial or component operational projects:
138:". Every project has certain phases of development.
1423:
1327:
1266:
1225:
1184:
1113:
464:
International Project Management Association (IPMA)
885:
192:Formal definition in the project-management realm
115:, "before an action", which in turn comes from
291:Measurable (or at least evaluable) achievement
1091:
8:
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725:International journal of project management
596:International Journal of Project Management
541:"What is a project? definition and meaning"
1098:
1084:
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749:
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588:Compare the somewhat circular definition:
776:"Infrastructure as Code | Second edition"
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1141:Earth systems engineering and management
833:
651:
494:
21:Subsidized housing in the United States
761:
738:Make Sure Your Project Goals are SMART
675:
639:
23:. For Knowledge (XXG)’s projects, see
1025:Project Management Institute (2021).
7:
257:or result. Another definition is a
77:A project may form a part of wider
43:An alternative view sees a project
857:Deric., Shannon (1 January 2011).
14:
1176:Sociocultural Systems Engineering
698:. Sage Publications Inc, 2009....
577:Project Management Institute 2021
341:mostly community services based.
280:: Projects are often guided by a
40:to achieve a specific objective.
740:, PM Hut. Accessed 18. Oct 2009.
16:Planned and goal-directed effort
696:How to do your research project
433:Topics associated with projects
1258:Systems development life cycle
1151:Enterprise systems engineering
1126:Biological systems engineering
802:"What Is a Strategic Project?"
608:10.1016/j.ijproman.2007.08.012
478:Small-scale project management
1:
1217:System of systems engineering
1131:Cognitive systems engineering
405:, which landed humans on the
884:Hundhausen, Richard (2006).
459:Project Management Institute
417:Soviet crewed lunar programs
386:, which developed the first
143:Project Management Institute
1294:Quality function deployment
1207:Verification and validation
468:Project management software
454:Software project management
66:) to accomplish particular
1528:
1156:Health systems engineering
412:Soviet atomic bomb project
238:
18:
1474:
1304:Systems Modeling Language
590:Manning, Stephan (2008).
300:Time terminated (bounded)
265:according to a specified
1319:Work breakdown structure
1197:Functional specification
1192:Requirements engineering
1136:Configuration management
1166:Reliability engineering
1161:Performance engineering
961:Mesly, Olivier (2016).
707:R. Max Wideman (2004),
393:Polaris missile project
330:Microsoft Visual Studio
58:), possibly staffed by
1441:Industrial engineering
1146:Electrical engineering
810:Hearst Newspapers, LLC
545:BusinessDictionary.com
510:. 2016. Archived from
1375:Arthur David Hall III
1345:Benjamin S. Blanchard
1121:Aerospace engineering
921:Kuijper, Pieter Jan;
800:Banks, Linda (2017).
427:Great Pyramid of Giza
218:School and university
165:overruns, changes in
1466:Software engineering
1436:Computer engineering
861:. Pine Forge Press.
375:Human Genome Project
111:from the Latin verb
89:Open-source software
79:programme management
1446:Operations research
1431:Control engineering
1400:Joseph Francis Shea
1107:Systems engineering
508:Oxford Dictionaries
377:, which mapped the
345:Infrastructure code
1505:Project management
1456:Quality management
1451:Project management
1279:Function modelling
1202:System integration
1171:Safety engineering
927:Hoffmeister, Frank
804:. Small Business.
449:Project governance
444:Program management
359:strategic projects
247:project management
241:Project management
235:Project management
81:or function as an
62:(within or across
1487:
1486:
1410:Manuela M. Veloso
1350:Wernher von Braun
1036:978-1-62825-664-2
806:Houston Chronicle
727:21.1 (2003): 1-8.
721:Turner, J. Rodney
384:Manhattan Project
363:tactical projects
317:Computer software
263:business products
1517:
1415:John N. Warfield
1385:Robert E. Machol
1314:Systems modeling
1309:Systems analysis
1248:System lifecycle
1233:Business process
1100:
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177:of the project,
132:English language
72:time constraints
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1360:Harold Chestnut
1355:Kathleen Carley
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1274:Decision-making
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1238:Fault tolerance
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1390:Radhika Nagpal
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199:deliverable
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785:9 December
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