Chilean art - Knowledge (XXG)

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art collections and plentiful patrons to draw upon. In contrast, Chile had only recently began its foray in the art world and was a country with almost no native art movement or established national identity, as well as a very modest national art collection, with people unable to afford fine art. The attempt to bring the European model to Chile by replicating its techniques has been seen as a failure in terms of the number of artists produced, especially for Ciccarelli, who presided over the academy for over 20 years.

2052: 1259: 1489: 73: 273:, Spanish painting of the time incorporated Asian influences as a result of Spanish trade with the far east. It is from here, he claims, that Spanish painting inherited its color palette, the expressionless faces of its subjects, and the profusion of golden shades. The same author also emphasizes the influence of indigenous people on Chilean art, which can be seen in the simplicity of the composition of religious scenes, as well as local traditions, customs and mannerisms represented in the paintings. 1120: 910: 2467: 1678: 718: 1833:. The group was characterised by a fascination with pre-Columbian art and customs, social critique and the portrayal of a group of people never seen before in Chilean painting: the working class. As with the founders of Romanticism, they were bohemian but engaged in work of a more social nature. With most of them coming from humble beginnings, they made little money from painting and mostly lived in poverty, causing many to die young from diseases such as malaria and tuberculosis. 2312: 1289: 4511: 1792: 639:"The traveller-artists of the 19th century", as they were known, began working at the start of Chile's independence and their influence remains to this day. The paintings and sketches created by these artists were, and continue to be, important in helping to understand, in a didactical way, the early years of republican existence, and are a graphic documentation of the battles that occurred during the country's independence and conflicts with neighbouring countries. 1876: 255:

there were no geographical demarcations or pictorial characteristics endemic to the modern territories, it is also difficult to speak precisely of Peruvian, Argentinian or Chilean colonial art. Some countries, like Mexico, Ecuador and Peru, had their own art schools where local artists could work and study. Chile did not, however, because it did not represent a major interest for the Spanish government, so it relied on importing pieces from foreign art schools.

2071: 320:(Jesuits) were one of the most influential religious groups, contributing to the expansion of the fine arts throughout Latin America as well as the monastic educational tradition. The Jesuits were among the first to teach the native peoples European artistic techniques and worked to preserve the symbolism of the Christian artistic legacy. They also provided excellent conditions for the preservation of artwork (in churches, cloisters, etc.), until they were 380:, who arrived in Chile in the mid-18th century. The monk was a great lover of the arts and, along with Ambrosio Santelices and Fermin Morales, he is one of the first professional painters recorded in the former Chilean territory. The historian Uriqueta viewed Haymhausen as a model for future generations of painters because, in addition his own talent as an artist, he brought with him other foreign artists who would pave the future of Chile's national art. 365:), an oil of over four meters length and width. The canvas has 644 small portraits, crowned by the Virgin Mary, and reads: "For the honour and glory of our Lord and the Holy Mother Church, this tree of the religion is dedicated to the parents of the order." The artist who produced the work is anonymous, as decreed by the Jesuit code of humility, with only the date the work was finished included in the signature. Another notable Jesuit painting is the 1634: 603: 686:

created by historian Luis Álvarez Urquieta, referring to the group of painters who arrived independently of one another in Chile towards the end of the 17th and the beginning of the 18th century. There is a big difference between the style and themes of colonial art and those of this particular period, which lasted until approximately the 19th century. The latter was more varied and rich, ranging from portraits of famous people by artists such as

5233: 4109: 1817: 1503:, Ciccarelli was: "A dogmatic master, inflexible in defence of his aesthetic ideal, lacking the necessary ductility and eclecticism to allow students to follow their own path: that marked out by their own sensibility; by vocation; their intimate stimulation..." The same author states that Ciccarelli was unable to create the following and discipleship of his teachings that he wished for. Instead, his most successful students, such as 1197: 1472: 1442: 1860: 769: 2345: 668: 1667: 1384:(1842) was also founded along with the School of Arts and Crafts (1849), the Conservatory of Music (1850) and architecture and sculpture classes at the University of Chile, under the direction of French architect François Brunet Debaines and French sculptor Auguste François respectively. The academy was originally located in the building belonging to the San Felipe University, in what is today the 1539:"Rio Cachapoal" (Cachapoal River), by Antonio Smith. Smith, disappointed with Ciccarelli's academic rigidity, decided to form his own art workshop to teach landscape painting. Outstanding Chilean artists like Valenzuela Puelma, Lira, Orrego Luco and Pedro León Carmona studied simultaneously with Smith and Ciccarelli, demonstrating that the Academy was not the only place able to teach art in Chile. 1536: 157: 1453:

ensure “the true art” followed a straight path. The Chilean academies tried to implement this idea using French methodology. To begin with, courses consisted of three classes. The first class was “Studies of heads, extremities and the human form”, the second was “Sculpture”, and the third, “Life drawing, natural attire and anatomy”. Later, after the Academy joined forces with the

455: 625: 1396: 241: 384: 643: 2388:, Carlos Bogni and Eva Lefever. There were also other artists who were not from the University of Chile’s School of Art - like the self-taught Pablo Domínguez and Gonzalo Ilabaca, the sculptor and architect Ivan Daiber, and the painter Ignacio Valdés from Catholic University of Santiago - who were also considered members of this group. 237:, but, like all other Chilean culture that developed during this period, it was also influenced by native art and culture, creating a new style. Art was seen as vital for the education and religious conversion of the indigenous people and played an important role in the transmission of Spanish dominance and Catholic world vision. 563: 2436:

identity of Chilean art in the 90s: the return to democracy; the emerging art market; and the opening of new art schools in recently created universities. "The 90s saw the emergence of an art with a commercial purpose within a highly structured system," Gonzalez Lohse is quoted as saying in the PortaldeArte.cl.

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portraits, nature and representing the most important historical events. Historians Galaz and Ivelic wrote that while Europe discovered America during the 15th century, America did not look at Europe until the beginning of the 19th century, explaining the Americans’ fascination with European art in this period.

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Painting in the previous period was characterised by its functionality in the task of evangelisation and education. The new trend, however, appreciated art for its intrinsic aesthetic importance, and in this way, painting was no longer regarded as a complement to other arts and science and gained its

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Colonial painting developed in a time when South American countries were not politically or geographically grouped as they are today and had not yet formed national identities, art and cultural individuality. Just as it is difficult for historians to define the indigenous art of each country, because

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In 1859, under the direction of Ciccarelli, the Academy became the School of Fine Arts at the University of Chile, merging with the architecture and sculpture classes already on offer there. During the same year, a new government decree reorganised and divided the sculpture course into two different

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With the establishment of the Academy of Painting, under the direction of Ciccarelli, came the first attempt at the unification and creation of a unique national style, with the academy promoting a neoclassical style. In Europe, academies focused on uniformity, establishing fixed and strict rules to

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This process created the initial signs of Chilean nationality and the consequent ideas of Chilean style. However, this originality would not be clearly recognisable in Chile until well into the 19th century. The concept of “Pintores viajeros del siglo XIX” (Traveller-Artists of the 19th century) was

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Prehistoric painting in Chile, also called pre-Columbian Chilean painting, refers to any type of painting or painting technique used to represent objects or people during the period before the Spanish conquest. Developed prior to the existence of written sources, study of this period is based on the

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This group was formed by Alberto Pérez, Gracia Barrios, José Balmes and Eduardo Martínez Bonati with the motto “create a casual and instinctive art”. They introduced a new form of art which focused on achieving a new visual style, giving importance to the artistic materials themselves, disregarding

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Pedro Lira also agreed that with these criticisms of Ciccarelli. In the mid-19th century, the Chilean aristocrat possessed little artistic knowledge inherited from the “Precursors of Chilean painting". The complicated nature of his teaching, his over-ambitious neoclassical pretensions, and his lack

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However, the greatest Quito pieces tended to be kept by the artistic patrons of Ecuador and Peru and few filtered through to Chile. According to the historian Álvarez Uriqueta, Chile's Spanish rulers did not have the resources to spend on art, preoccupied as they were with Chile's extreme geography

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The Immaculate Conception (Anonymous), produced about 1680. Currently the “Day of the Immaculate Conception” is celebrated on December 8 in Chile. It is noteworthy that the first paintings in Chile were almost entirely related to religion, with painting seen as a tool for educating and evangelizing

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This group is also known as the “Centenary Generation” or “Centenary Group” because some of its members unveiled their paintings at the International Exposition of 1910. They were also sometimes called “The Tragic Generation” because of the bohemian and miserable life that led many to a very early

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First generation students of the Academy, the four refined their artistic technique in France and took on the role of ‘master’ for other art students. At some point they all moved away from the academy in order to adopt new trends. Despite having deep aesthetic and stylistic differences, they were

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Despite the significance of the Academy, some art historians criticised this period as one of the dullest in the history of Chilean art. These authors based their criticism on Ciccarelli's attempt to copy the European model of teaching. In Europe, teachers were plentiful and the continent had vast

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The academy would produce the country's first national artists. It would be the starting point for some of the most prominent Chilean painters, including the four great masters of Chilean painting (Pedro Lira, Juan Francisco González, Alfredo Valenzuela Puelma and Alberto Valenzuela Llanos), their

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who inherited much of his technique and his colour schemes as well as a fascination with French culture. Mandiola, unlike Rosales and Monvoisin, preferred to portray peasants, children and homeless people, depicting the lower Chilean classes. Monvoisin was asked several times to assume the role of

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However, as wealthy Europeans began to commission portraits of themselves and their families, reducing their donations to the church, this decreased the production of religious art in Europe and its Latin American territories during the 18th century. Painting of aristocratic origin stopped being a

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They shared a desire to create new visual languages (as had the Sign Group) under the tenets of conceptual art and a questioning attitude to the media and to other contemporary groups. Artists forming part of the Vanguard Scene included: Carlos Altamirano, Juan Castillo, Eugenio Dittborn, Diamela

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Members of The 13 Generation. From left to right, standing: Exequiel Plaza, Claudio de Alas, Tony Rogers (theatre operator), Alberto Lobos, Alberto Romero, Pedro Luna, José Backhaus, Lautaro García, Julio Ortiz de Zárate, Camilo Mori and Alfredo Lobos. Sitting in the middle: Julio Vásquez Cortés,

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The Academy left a legacy of students who awoke in society an intellectual interest in Chilean art, with groups like "The 13 Generation" and "The Great Chilean Masters" formed mostly by Academy students. Many of the works produced at the academy are now in the hands of private collectors, but are

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During this period, the aristocracy developed a taste for fine art, leaving behind the lack of technical precision in art which had defined colonial times. The national artists still did not gain their own clear identity during this period, however, as painting remained dedicated predominantly to

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According to the authors Ivelíc and Galaz, this artistic period should not be referred to as a "generation" or a "movement" as the precursors of Chilean painting did not form a group. They are related only in a chronological sense as they arrived in the country in close succession of one another.

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Chilean artists primarily focused on religious themes, which were most in demand and therefore more lucrative. Religious paintings tended to be displayed in churches, cloisters and convents - their logical destination, considering that the majority were commissioned by members of the church or as

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brought together some of the artists that represented the decade. The exhibition was organized by the painter Jorge Gonzales Lohse and was held in a shopping mall in the south of Santiago. Gonzales Lohse, who also curated the exhibition, highlighted three main reasons for the diverse or eclectic

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The colonial period marked a profound change in Chilean art from the previous pre-Columbian period, with a concerted effort to eliminate the vestiges of the pagan culture that existed prior to the conquest. However, pre-Columbian painting survived due to the process of integration that occurred

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The beginning of the independence revolution forced Chilean art into the background for a short period. However, soon after the process of independence began, various foreign artists came to Chile on scientific expeditions and to make documentaries, bringing with them their tastes and thematic

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For historians, this meant that while the early years of the academy saw the first effort made in Chile to improve the quality of the arts, they were also a springboard for several independent artists who tired of academic dogmatism and started to look elsewhere for new styles, techniques and

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The end of this artistic era was marked by the founding of the new Chilean Academy of Painting in 1849, which allowed artists to study in Chile for the first time rather than having to travel to Europe. Although the Chilean Academy did not see the fruits of its labour until well into the 19th

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The Chilean precursors of Chilean painting were, like their foreign contemporaries working in Chile, influenced by European art. The Chilean painters of this generation, like their predecessors, did not share a particular style but were active during the same period. However, they were all

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In the opinion of Álvarez Urquieta, technical skill was somewhat neglected in early colonial painting, with more importance given to the objects being painted and their educational use. Most American colonial painting shows a lack of study of light and shade and poor use of perspective and

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The Virgin of Sorrow. The collector and art historian Luis Álvarez Urquieta, believed that this painting was the first made by any artist in Chilean territory. The influence of the Quito school is noticeable, it shows the abnormal distribution of forms and the artist's lack of knowledge of

2336:, the sociologist Fernando Balcells and the visual artists Lotty Rosenfeld and Juan Castillo and reacted artistically to the institutions of the time. According to the American critic Robert Neustatt, CADA represented the political opposition of the time and became critics of the media. 2287:. The four artists were selected, along with Patricio Valenzuela and Carlos Ortúzar, to participate in the Second Youth Biennial of Paris in 1961, and they consolidated as a group in 1962, when they took part in the Darro Gallery exhibition in Madrid under the name “Sign Group”. 1532:. Some of his students resisted his teachings, the most prominent being Pedro Lira and Antonio Smith, who, independent of their studies at the academy, developed their own style and gained great recognition. The following are some of the most noteworthy of Ciccarelli's students: 152:

The use of art in this time could be aesthetic, practical, ritual or religious, depending on the culture and the resources available. Animal figures and symbols abound but images of people did not appear unless they were important or had some magical significance for the tribe.

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During this period, everything that had given Chilean art its identity before the establishment of the Academy - pre-Columbian art; the educational and socially unifying efforts of colonial art; and the eclecticism of the period of the travelling artists - was lost.

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The beginning of pre-Columbian art in Chile coincided with the appearance of indigenous cultures in the territory, and ended around the start of the Spanish conquest of Chile around 1500AD. After this period, indigenous art was virtually eliminated by the

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There are not many colonial art museums, because of the small number of works produced during these years. However, the Society of Jesus, faithful to their artistic tradition, stored some old pictures on the walls of their monasteries, churches and

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to a diverse group of artists from various disciplines, whose main characteristic and aim was to modify the artistic dialogue of Chile. This scene, or movement, produced artists who, from 1977 to 1982, were against the institutions imposed by the

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Apart from Post-Impressionism and Fauvism trends, the group were also influenced by other styles such as expressionism and cubism, but these had a lesser effect on their style. The group expressed their opposition to academic art and romantic

2358:, or Eighties Prom, was a group of artists from varied backgrounds and schools whose work was introduced onto the national scene during the 1980s. It was characterised by the search for new artistic languages and was linked with the German 465:. Gil de Castro is known by art historians as a transition painter. His arrival in Chile marks the end of colonial painting and the beginning of the traveller painters of the nineteenth century, also called precursors of Chilean painting. 184:(the Mapuche shamans), as well as their gods and deities. They developed colourful ritual textiles, used by the machi, and pottery specifically designed for use in burials. Their designs did also include some northern influences. 2408:

Unlike their predecessors, the artists of this decade seemed to lack identity, or at least a common identity. There is no unifying element such as an aesthetic or political orientation that brings them together under one theme.

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had an important role in portraying the typical customs of the country. Their travel through Chile produced many pictorial scenes of the birth of the newly formed republic. Among the most popular works of these artists, we find

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was one of the first authors to raise the issue of pre-Columbian art in his book "Pintura en Chile" (Painting in Chile). The author explains that most of the painting developed before the arrival of the Spanish was done by the

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instrumental in introducing a new era of Chilean art with the creation of the Chilean Academy of Painting. Galaz and Ivaelic wrote that “they share the proximity of their painting with the soil, men and costumes of Chile”.

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people, who continued to fight the conquistadors throughout the colonial period. Because of this, while the influence of Quito school is undeniable in Chile, it is not as strong as in other Latin American countries.

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Art historians Ivelíc and Galaz agree that painting in the early Americas lost some of the academic rigor and technique of Europe in the process of mixing with native styles, as Álvarez Urquieta has also claimed.

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The outdated neoclassical style developed by Ciccarelli and imposed on his students is manifested in themes which had never been seen before in Chilean painting, like mythology, ancient history and the

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donations to the church. They are known for their lack of facial expression and proportion in their portrayal of human figures, and the lack of interest they show for subjects like landscape or nature.

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so his portrayal of faces was not particularly accurate, appearing flat and lacking in expression. Regardless of his skill as a portrait painter, the decorative details of his work are appreciated by

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in Spain, art was considered a vital tool for the religious conversion and education of the people in Spain's conquered territories in the Americas. The prevailing artistic style at the time was the

4419: 2741: 1768: 1273: 411:, considered one of the most noteworthy painters of the entire colonial period. Miguel de Santiago raised Latin American painting to a higher level, leaving behind a great number of fine paintings. 262:

style, and subjects clothed in aristocratic attire. For the Spanish conquerors, craft and artisan work was seen as demeaning and antithetical to nobility, so they chose to leave this work to the “

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The academy, and therefore painting and sculpture, became a privilege for the upper classes, with pictures that could only be understood by having already seen the work of the European masters.

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Chilean colonial art refers to art produced in the Chilean colonial period that extended from 1598 AD to 1810 AD. The period saw a mixing of European techniques with native cultural heritage.

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proportion, though it has been praised for its liveliness and use of colour, as well as its documentary value in representing the social integration of the Spanish and American peoples.

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was almost entirely destroyed by the Spanish conquerors, and Chile did not escape this. Some remains were preserved in the north, where, thanks to the preservative qualities of the arid

602: 404:, Ecuador had attracted a large number of artists from Europe, contributing to the founding of an important school that would influence art across Latin America, including Chile. 4556: 3803: 5102: 3978: 1148:= Considered the most remarkable Chilean painter of this period, his style was realistic and portrayed customs and folkloric scenes. Among his most famous paintings are “La 737:

Chilean art suffered through the civil conflict, and it is very difficult to identify a particular trend or style from that era. During the period of the traveller-artists,

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The Casa del Arte gallery in Concepción keeps examples Chilean of colonial painting. Note that the paintings are anonymous according to the custom of the Society of Jesus.

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The art historian Antonio Romera highlights the four most prominent and important painters in the development of Chilean art in the late 19th and early 20th centuries:

846:, an English painter who specialised in nautical scenes and contributed a large collection of paintings of remarkable historical value. Among his most famous works are 1376:

The Academy of Painting, Santiago was the first institution to teach art professionally in Chile. It opened on 17 March 1849 and was sponsored by the government of

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during this period, whereby the symbols and customs found expression in colonial work. Generally, the colonial period is considered to end with the appearance of

1029:= French portrait painter, contributed to the formation of a national painting academy in Chile. Left several famous portraits in Chile including those made for 4606: 2301: 1288: 2765: 2070: 1019:= German painter and illustrator, toured several Latin American countries detailing their culture and wildlife. Worked with the father of modern geography, 5210: 4086: 2051: 1837: 1552:. Lira is the first and best-known of the four great masters of Chilean painting. Historians like Romera consider him part of the "mid-century generation." 5118: 3994: 2036: 1836:

The 13 Generation emerged from the country's poorest neighbourhoods. Initially, its members studied with Pedro Lira and were influenced by the Spaniard

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Carmen Tórtola Valencia, Carlos Predes Saldías and Luis Johnson. Sitting on the floor: Enrique Lobos, Manuel Gallinato, Fernando Meza and Julio Walton.

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was Chile's first true artistic group or movement. They got their name from a joint exhibition held in 1913 in the offices of the Chilean newspaper

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became more popular as a technique among the patriotic and wealthy circles, which then give way to realism, a style that would prevail until 1840.

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In the far south, there is some evidence of petroglyph art but less than in the north. Notable among the southern cultures was the artwork of the

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Overall, colonial painting in Chile and across all Latin America was influenced by Spanish art, which taught the anatomical study of bodies, the

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Director at the Academy of Fine Arts which the government looked to found but the artist had refused on several occasions previously, before

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called them a “heroic captaincy of painters” in recognition of the effort to portray the life of the working classes and the customs of the

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is one of Chile's best-known painters, met with international recognition, Matta turned the spotlight to the upcoming Chilean Surrealism.

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the representation and portrayal of subjects, and expanding the concept of painting. This resulted in the abandonment of the traditional

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sections, statues and monuments. In 1869, after 20 years, the Italian finally left his position, leaving the door open for the German

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Many of the colonial artworks preserved until present day by the Jesuits are found in their churches, such as the high altar at the

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as part of a state plan to promote fine art and other intellectual activities to the young Chilean population. In this period, the

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who became a Chilean national. The French artist popularised portrait painting within the Chilean elite; his direct disciples were

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Among historians, it is established that the beginning of the arrival of foreign artists to Chile is marked by the arrival of the

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and by working artisans who lacked specialized artistic training. It was directly influenced by European artistic trends such as

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Eltit, Carlos Gallardo, Carlos Leppe, Gonzalo Mezza, Ximena Prieto, Lotty Rosenfeld, Francisco Smythe and the poet Raúl Zurita.

924:, the pioneer of the portrait in Chile. His work focused on the representation of the top aristocrats of his time, most notably 5062: 4699: 4571: 4551: 4462: 4443: 4315: 2328:(Collective Art Action). They made bold public interventions in the late 70s and early 80s. The group was formed by the writer 414: 1395: 407:

The school was founded by Franciscan friars in Quito and was deeply religious. The most important painter from this school is

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The Montparnasse Group was a Chilean art collective, formed in 1922 by artists strongly influenced by the European trends of

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Although there is not an exhaustive list of the 13 Generation, several authors have noted that the most representative were:

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Chronologically speaking, this was a period of profound upheaval in Chilean art. While at the beginning artists maintained a

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coexisted without overshadowing one another, except in some cases where certain styles prevailed but for short periods only.

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was an Argentine general and the primary leader of the southern part of South America's successful struggle for independence.

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved April 03, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 25, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 29, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 29, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 25, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 29, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 29, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 29, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 25, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 25, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 25, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 25, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 25, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 25, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 25, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 25, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 25, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 25, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 25, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 25, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 25, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 28, 2013

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www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Biblioteca Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Santiago de Chile Retrieved March 28, 2013

1279: 945: 5241: 4842: 4651: 4641: 4601: 4482: 4295: 4117: 2810: 1734: 1707: 1677: 1568:: Painter of historical customs and traditions and part of the “precursors of Chilean painting” group. Painter of 1558:: Romantic painter, creator of the national landscape school and the first Chilean cartoonist. Also worked on the 4899: 4487: 4472: 2186: 1926: 1730: 1718: 1702: 1692: 5345: 5307: 5126: 5026: 4716: 4576: 4566: 4221: 4183: 4002: 3854: 1040: 956: 914: 874: 180:

people, based in the centre of the modern Chilean territory, were more focused on the rituals performed by the

1500: 1460: 1221: 1175: 992: 805: 593: 554: 5419: 5215: 4865: 4591: 4531: 4091: 2522: 2396: 1726: 1579: 1034: 2369:’s School of Art in 1979. They held a joint exhibition at the Museum of Contemporary Art in 1980, entitled 1488: 1465: 1204: 1155: 1076: 941: 831: 5259: 5205: 5193: 5146: 4986: 4728: 4596: 4135: 4081: 4069: 4022: 2192: 1595: 1555: 1508: 1265: 1200: 1072: 1063:

There are also other less famous painters that are little known but belong to the same period, including:

1020: 1016: 870: 835: 699: 679: 336: 168:

The cultural references varied depending on the area where the people lived. Northern cultures, like the

72: 3940: 2696: 1617:

Miguel Campos: Outstanding student of the Academy with a distinguished career as an illustrator in Paris.

1515:

of flexibility earned him criticism from several of his students, but it also created a new appetite for

525:, an important painter of Peruvian origin, which began the tradition of the traveling painters in Chile. 5254: 4916: 4837: 4706: 4510: 4403: 4288: 4130: 3369: 2684: 2510: 2504: 2496: 2490: 2484: 2448: 1119: 1104: 909: 509: 475: 369:(Supper Table, 1652), five meters high by three meters wide, which was formerly hung in the sacristy of 270: 129: 5161: 4037: 3081: 1080: 988: 984: 797: 789: 773: 722: 687: 608: 578: 536: 522: 462: 281:

perspective. This is partly because most of the painters of the time were not professional but amateur.

2711:"La vid y el vino en América del Sur: el desplazamiento de los polos vitivinícolas (siglos XVI al XX)" 2603: 2466: 1816: 717: 5414: 5377: 5315: 5274: 5264: 4931: 4832: 4827: 4754: 4723: 4711: 4477: 4253: 4191: 4150: 4140: 2168: 2107:

The group took their name from a visit to France, where they stayed in the Parisian neighbourhood of

1826: 1811: 1607:

Cosme San Martín: outstanding artist; would become the first Chilean director of the Chilean Academy.

1408: 1369: 1311: 1100: 1002: 843: 707: 3907: 3765: 3753: 3681: 3513: 3393: 3189: 2622: 2311: 2156: 1737:

adopted new modern trends. Some historians, such as Gaspar and Ivelic, also chose to add the artist

1549: 1471: 1441: 1178:= Businessman and adventurer who dedicated part of his life to painting; pupil of Raymond Monvoisin. 1084: 817: 5388: 5367: 5357: 5335: 5269: 5168: 5151: 5036: 4926: 4759: 4671: 4656: 4352: 4264: 4243: 4233: 4211: 4145: 4044: 4027: 3928: 3741: 3729: 3717: 3705: 3693: 3669: 3657: 3645: 3633: 3621: 3609: 3597: 3585: 3573: 3561: 3549: 3537: 3525: 3501: 3489: 3477: 3465: 3453: 3441: 3429: 3417: 3405: 3381: 3357: 3345: 3333: 3321: 3309: 3297: 3285: 3273: 3261: 3249: 3237: 3225: 3213: 3201: 3177: 3165: 3153: 3141: 3129: 3117: 3105: 3093: 3069: 3057: 3046: 3034: 3022: 3010: 2998: 2986: 2974: 2962: 2950: 2938: 2926: 2914: 2902: 2890: 2878: 2866: 2842: 2653: 2456: 2366: 1697: 1565: 1431: 1381: 1145: 1127: 1005:= English documentary painter and designer of the national emblem of Chile at the time, adding the 726: 695: 340: 3945: 3892: 1068: 996: 5372: 5340: 5320: 5188: 5178: 5006: 4958: 4936: 4921: 4885: 4689: 4666: 4646: 4581: 4519: 4363: 4248: 4216: 4196: 4064: 4054: 3846: 2830: 2527: 2374: 2252:

The group of artists who graduated in 1940 became known by this name after the exhibition at the

2222: 2097: 1935: 1601: 1416: 1052: 964: 950: 777: 2665: 2381:, Omar Gatica, Ismael Frigerio, Rodrigo Pascal, Victoria Calleja, Mamy Ussui and Álvaro Cortés. 2228: 2116: 1875: 1859: 1841: 2802: 2579: 2150: 1511:, did not care for his teachings and migrated towards other styles and workshops of their own. 1457:, courses were extended and more teachers were taken on due to the growing number of students. 906:) from Charton. Both artists are examples of travelling painters who documented what they saw. 5352: 5325: 5297: 5279: 5249: 5016: 4953: 4852: 4786: 4778: 4625: 4467: 4371: 4228: 4201: 4173: 4155: 4125: 2549: 2359: 1896: 1633: 1392:) in 1910, and then later to hand its administration over to the University of Chile in 1932. 1295: 1170: 1056: 1026: 1006: 921: 691: 633: 113: 67: 43: 5087: 3963: 3782: 2509:

GALAZ, GASPAR AND MILÁN IVELIC, La pintura en Chile : desde la Colonia hasta 1981, 1981

1181: 422: 408: 5330: 5183: 5139: 5055: 4978: 4880: 4815: 4586: 4561: 4536: 4411: 4323: 4206: 4059: 4015: 2722: 2373:, under the curatorship of Milan Ivelic. The following artists took part in the exposition: 1666: 933: 903: 855: 809: 570: 493: 317: 226: 76:

Ceramics were the greatest artistic contribution of the northern peoples. These examples of

2216: 1883: 1626:. Kirchbach imposed a very strict academic teaching style and a new style for his pupils - 377: 357:

San Francisco Church also holds another of the most important paintings of the period, the

5362: 5156: 5001: 4996: 4870: 4847: 4238: 4032: 2672: 2629: 2610: 2385: 2198: 1420: 1196: 801: 501: 2204: 1365: 1030: 937: 793: 629: 1220:

century, its importance for Chilean art become noticeable in the generation labelled by

1152:” and “The Abdication of O’Higgins”. Caro would also become a member of the new academy. 438: 400:) was also influential in the colonial period. Ever since the conquest of the Americas, 5071: 5031: 5011: 4968: 4911: 4379: 3917: 3897: 3887: 2417: 2333: 2144: 2138: 2111:, a social hub for the art avant-garde. During this visit, they met the Spanish artist 2061: 1738: 1623: 1435: 738: 711: 505: 500:, also influenced colonial art in Chile. Among its exponents were the Italian painters 225:

Artistically, the period began around the mid-17th century and was led at first by the

199: 188: 181: 161: 134: 54: 49: 429:

of the seventeenth century, and an important influence on the Chilean art of the time.

354:(Virgin of Sorrow, 1576), one of the first colonial paintings ever produced in Chile. 5408: 3912: 3882: 3872: 3862: 2444: 2425: 2378: 2329: 2296: 2271: 2260: 2210: 2174: 2162: 1976: 1941: 1516: 1377: 1108: 1096: 1010: 929: 824:, who praises the way the artist treated the medals and other details present on the 753: 742: 160:

Petroglyphs south of Atacama, Chile, near to the facilities of La Silla Observatory,

105: 2727: 2710: 2592:“Pinturas rupestres de posible afiliación inca, en el departamento del Cusco, Perú.” 1388:. Various changes led the academy to merge with the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes ( 768: 664:

frameworks, that would go on to influence the future direction of Chilean painting.

5076: 4857: 4796: 4791: 4681: 3902: 3867: 2421: 2344: 2234: 2108: 2080: 1849: 1400: 1158:= Portrayed local customs; considered the most talented pupil of Raymond Monvoisin. 1092: 813: 702:, to scientific and bibliographic representation of plants, animals and cities by 667: 426: 397: 117: 1535: 156: 2777: 1493: 1046: 4356: 2632:

www.andaman.org George Weber, Last change March 1, 2007 Retrieved March 20, 2013

2180: 1905: 1830: 1627: 1591: 1587: 1166: 1123: 1064: 981:= French botanist and naturalist, one of the first students of Chilean wildlife. 757: 746: 497: 332: 259: 146: 2754:

Franciscanos, Historia de Chile: La Colonia. Dominicos, Franciscanos y Jesuitas

2685:“La Pintura en Chile Desde la Colonia hasta 1981” Gaspar Galaz and Milan Ivelić 2452: 729:. The work represents the moment when O'Higgins was forced to resign his office 490:

tool for social change and education and started to become a symbol of wealth.

383: 202:, certain objects of pictorial heritage value have survived preserved in time. 191:, also known as Ona, who decorated their bodies as part of a religious ritual. 2532: 2384:

Other artists considered exponents of this generation are: Patricia Figueroa,

2125: 1722: 1504: 1427: 1250: 978: 703: 642: 611:

was a Chilean independence leader, considered one of Chile's founding fathers.

362: 276: 173: 109: 31: 1964: 596:, a Peruvian soldier and politician, was president of Peru from 1833 to 1836. 2112: 1658:

also displayed in Chilean museums and public spaces throughout the country.

1611: 1149: 825: 483: 328: 230: 17: 842:

Another foreign painter of great importance to the newly formed nation was

2463:

exposition which included works of surrealist from Argentina and Brazil.

1637:

Agrippina Metella chained, oil on canvas, 200 x 143 cm, Banco Chile, Chile

624: 4941: 2591: 2567: 1529: 1424: 1361: 1185: 694:

to the representation of folkloric scenes of independence by the Chilean

195: 169: 142: 93:

community as part of the process of converting native people. (see also:

77: 1741:

to the list of the Masters, but there is no absolute consensus on this.

2594:

Hostnig, Rainer. En www.rupestreweb.info/pinturarupestreinca.html, 2008

2413: 2264: 2101: 1853: 1583: 447: 263: 234: 177: 138: 1562:(Literature Mail magazine). One of the harshest critics of Ciccarelli. 1043:= French painter whose works depict the folklore and customs of Chile. 852:

Toma de la fragata Esmeralda por la Escuadra de Chile de Lord Cochrane

3815: 2792:

www.cervantesvirtual.com Carlos Seco Serrano Retrieved March 25, 2013

2675:

www.oldandsold.com Originally Published 1917 Retrieved March 20, 2013

1544:

Pedro Lira: Considered the natural leader of the academy by the book

1412: 1188:, there is only one of his paintings still in existence, kept by the 339:, who would later sculpt the Spanish coat of arms that now sits upon 2428:, ethnic and graphic, capturing multiple, loosely connected themes. 1434:, the first Chilean to hold this position; and the Chilean sculptor 2768:

www.cervantesvirtual.com José María Vargas Retrieved March 25, 2013

266:” and native peoples, instead importing and admiring European art. 4311: 3804:"Artistas surrealistas chilenos exponen en Santiago de Compostela" 3768:

www.portaldearte.cl Amigos del arte 2004, Retrieved April 04, 2013

2465: 2390: 2343: 2310: 2284: 1882: 1874: 1858: 1815: 1676: 1665: 1632: 1534: 1487: 1470: 1459: 1440: 1394: 1355: 1195: 1161: 1118: 955: 908: 891: 830: 767: 716: 675: 666: 641: 623: 453: 432: 413: 401: 382: 302: 275: 239: 204: 155: 71: 48: 35: 4280: 2483:

La pintura en Chile : colección Luis Alvarez Urquieta, 1928

2270:

Members of this generation included: Augusto Barcia, Ana Cortés,

2544: 785: 574: 512:

who brought the first engravings and religious prints to Chile.

327:

The Jesuits promoted and developed skills such as clock making,

5091: 4284: 3967: 3819: 1714:

contemporaries of one another and would have known each other.

335:, sculpture and portrait painting. One such skilled Jesuit was 80:

ceramics show this people's fascination with geometric figures.

2699:

www.larramendi.es Nicolas P. Cushner, Retrieved March 20, 2013

2568:

Artistic Cultures of Asia and the Americas - Pre-Columbian Art

2459:

presented the best surrealist works made in Chile at the 2005

1224:

as the "Generación del medio siglo" (mid-century generation).

85:

material remains and vestiges of the cultures that developed.

920:

One of the most renowned painters in Chile was French artist

53:

Mapuches expressed their art through weaving and clothing.

2503:

ROMERA R., ANTONIO, Historia de la pintura chilena, 1951.

2365:

The group mainly included students who graduated from the

1411:” (13 Generation). The academy's first directors were the 1203:, considered one of the founders of independent Chile, by 1138:

Some of the Chilean painters forming part of this movement

2965:

www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Retrieved March 25, 2013

2953:

www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Retrieved March 25, 2013

2941:

www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl Retrieved March 25, 2013

1310:

El naufragio del Arethusa (Shipwreck of the Arethusa) by

1055:= English seascape painter, famous for paintings such as 756:

Italian style, at the end of the fight for independence,

3180:

www.artistasplasticoschilenos.cl retrieved July 28, 2013

2489:

La pintura en Chile durante el período Colonial, 1933.

1879:

Portrait of Augusto d'Halmar by Juan Francisco González

1372:, the first director of the Chilean Academy of Painting 2115:(José Victoriano González-Pérez) and took part in the 1475:

Escena Dramatica (Dramatic Scene) by Ernesto Kirchbach

486:, which represented the Christian ideals of the age. 5306: 5288: 5240: 5125: 4977: 4898: 4814: 4777: 4747: 4680: 4624: 4518: 4455: 4340: 4331: 4322: 4182: 4164: 4116: 4001: 3926: 3853: 2790:

Historia de la vida y hechos del emperador Carlos V

2295:This name was given by the art critic and theorist 172:, preferred geometric figures and used pottery and 2857:www.patrimoniochileno.net Retrieved March 28, 2013 2259:The group is characterised by their affinity with 376:One important Jesuit artist was the Bavarian monk 46:pictorial expression on modern Chilean territory. 2644:www.beingindigenous.org Retrieved March 20, 2013 2613:www.beingindigenous.org Retrieved March 20, 2013 2833:www.profesorenlinea.cl Retrieved March 20, 2013 2744:www.virtualtourist.com Retrieved March 20, 2013 2461:"Derrame Cono Sur o el viaje de los argonautas" 1673:(The Sleeping Child) by Juan Francisco González 194:Overall, prehistoric native art throughout the 42:to the modern day. It also includes the native 3370:Historia de la Pintura Chilena, Antonio Romera 3166:Alfredo Valenzuela Puelma Biography in spanish 3084:www.memoriachilena.cl Retrieved March 30, 2013 1464:La lección de geografía (Geography lesson) by 1049:= German painter, illustrator and portraitist. 5103: 4296: 3979: 3831: 1840:, who, in turn, inherited a similar style to 8: 3952:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 2756:biografiadechile.cl Retrieved March 25, 2013 2495:El artista pintor José Gil de Castro, 1934. 2100:, especially the works of Paul Cézanne, and 437:Quito lady, portrayed with her black slave. 322:expelled from the Latin American territories 5396:Semi-autonomous territories are in italics. 4272:Semi-autonomous territories are in italics. 2582:www.precolombino.cl Retrieved 20 March 2013 5119:Culture of Latin America and the Caribbean 5110: 5096: 5088: 4904: 4820: 4634: 4630: 4524: 4337: 4328: 4303: 4289: 4281: 3995:Culture of Latin America and the Caribbean 3986: 3972: 3964: 3838: 3824: 3816: 2697:THE JESUITS IN COLONIAL AMERICA: 1565–1767 2545:(Memoria Chilena) Digital library of Chile 1325:Portrait of Rosales by José Manuel Ramirez 104:Prehistoric art is closely related to the 2726: 2623:The Ona (Selk'nam) People by George Weber 1234:A selection of paintings from this period 3766:"The Lost Generation: Decade of the 90s" 2855:Orígenes de las Artes Plásticas en Chile 2570:www.all-art.org Retrieved March 20, 2013 95:Catholic Church and the Age of Discovery 3694:Generacion del cuarenta (40 Generation) 2560: 2045:(nude) by Abelardo “Pashin” Bustamante. 2032: 1751: 1684:(Coquetry) by Alfredo Valenzuela Puelma 1448:(Beach Scene with Figure) by Pedro Lira 1239: 971:Foreign Artists belonging to this group 544: 348:San Francisco Church, Santiago de Chile 3586:Manuel Ortiz de Zárate Pinto Biography 2780:ctspanish.com Retrieved March 25, 2013 2433:The Lost Generation: Decade of the 90s 1126:, Chilean lawyer and navy officer, by 1115:Chilean Precursors of Chilean painting 894:and the Laundress) from Rugendas; and 812:. His technique largely resembles the 764:Foreign Precursors of Chilean painting 425:, one of the leading exponents of the 3718:Escena de avanzada (A Vanguard Scene) 3574:Julio Ortiz de Zárate Pinto Biography 2324:CADA, is an acronym which stands for 1746:The Great Masters of Chilean painting 1368:(View of Santiago from Peñalolen) by 1352:Academy of Painting (Santiago, Chile) 343:hill in Santiago, among other works. 7: 4557:Fjords, channels, sounds and straits 3023:Antonio Romera Biography (1908–1975) 2939:Ernest Charton de Treville Biography 1492:Laguna de acúleo (Acúleo Lagoon) by 1390:Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts 1249:Traditional scene from the Atlas of 1190:Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts 838:, Crepúsculo marino (Ocean Twilight) 620:19th Century - The Traveller-Artists 2975:Francisco Javier Mandiola Biography 2666:Characteristics Of Spanish Painting 2580:Recursos Educativos - Arte Rupestre 2291:Escena de avanzada (Vanguard Scene) 1523:Students of Ciccarrelli (1849–1869) 57:attire was important in ceremonies. 3082:Correo literario (Literature Mail) 2742:Iglesia De San Francisco, Santiago 2550:Database of Chilean visual artists 1499:In the words of the art historian 1337:Valparaíso, by Charton de Treville 646:Chilean Coat of Arms, designed by 211:Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino 116:period, especially in the extreme 25: 2412:Their works can be classified as 1999:Lesser known members of the group 1917:Albelardo Bustamante (1888–1934): 898:(Central Square of Santiago) and 828:and Revolution leaders’ outfits. 209:Wooden Mapuche sculptures in the 99:Spanish missions in South America 40:arrival of the Spanish conquerors 5231: 5211:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 4509: 4107: 4087:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2069: 2050: 2035: 1988:José Pridas y Solares (1889 -?): 1790: 1778: 1766: 1754: 1399:Landscape in oil by the Chilean 1330: 1318: 1303: 1287: 1280:Capitán Ricardo Serrano Montaner 1272: 1257: 1242: 926:Carmen Alcalde y Velasco Cazotte 601: 586: 562: 547: 3442:José Pridas y Solares Biography 2987:Vicente Pérez Rosales Biography 2927:335 Raymond Monvoisin Biography 2843:Artistas Viajeros del Siglo XIX 2728:10.4067/S0718-23762004000200005 2129:imposed in Chile at that time. 2079:(Funeral of a Little Angel) by 864:El General Baquedano en Campaña 419:Winged Virgin of the Apocalypse 3372:Historia de la Pintura Chilena 3238:Albelardo Bustamante Biography 2867:Alejandro Ciccarelli Biography 2431:In 2004, an exhibition called 1911:Gilberto Avendaño (1891–1964): 776:at the Battle of Rancagua, by 359:Genealogía de los Franciscanos 141:cultures, and also identified 1: 3094:Manuel Antonio Caro Biography 2133:Notable members of this group 1970:Andrés Madariaga (1879–1920): 1902:Francisco Alcalde (1885–1946) 1868:Notable members of this group 1863:Fernando Álvarez de Sotomayor 1761:Pedro Francisco Lira Rencoret 1604:: Romantic landscape painter. 1407:pupils, and also the future “ 1386:Municipal Theatre of Santiago 1346:Academy of Painting, Santiago 1294:Cousiño Park, known today as 4739:Comptroller General of Chile 2963:Thomas Somerscales Biography 2891:José Gil de Castro Biography 2193:Manuel Ortiz de Zárate Pinto 2027:Some 13 Generation paintings 1914:Enrique Bertrix (1895–1915): 1089:Procesa del Carmen Sarmiento 324:by the Spanish authorities. 4964:Water supply and sanitation 3634:Luis Vargas Rosas Biography 3214:Gilberto Avendaño Biography 2915:Mauricio Rugendas Biography 2187:Julio Ortiz de Zárate Pinto 1994:Ulises Vásquez (1892–1942). 1985:Ezequiel Plaza (1892–1947): 1956:Alfredo Lobos (1890–1927): 1920:Jerónimo Costa (1880–1967): 1570:The Abdication of O'Higgins 1546:Chilean Painting, 200 years 1057:The Naval Battle of Iquique 1041:Ernesto Charton de Treville 953:finally took the position. 946:Jose Manuel Ramirez Rosales 915:Ernesto Charton de Treville 875:Ernesto Charton de Treville 822:History of Chilean Painting 461:, 1817, by Peruvian artist 269:According to art historian 38:, or by Chileans, from the 5436: 3670:Marta Villanueva Biography 3382:Andres Madariaga Biography 3262:Manuel Gallinato Biography 1991:Jaime Torrent (1893–1925): 1973:Fernando Meza (1890–1929): 1959:Alberto Lobos (1892–1925): 1953:Enrique Lobos (1887–1918): 1809: 1446:Escena de playa con figura 1349: 936:and Venezuelan politician 896:Plaza de Armas de Santiago 65: 5386: 5229: 5049: 4907: 4823: 4637: 4633: 4527: 4507: 4262: 4105: 3598:Henriette Petit Biography 3490:Jorge Caballero Biography 3286:Ricardo Gilbert Biography 3226:Enrique Bertrix Biography 3142:Abraham Zañartu Biography 3130:Cosme San Marín Biography 2395:Calle Ahumada in 1902 by 1982:Enrique Moya (1892–1918): 1797:Alberto Valenzuela Llanos 1785:Alfredo Valenzuela Puelma 1731:Alberto Valenzuela Llanos 1719:Alfredo Valenzuela Puelma 1703:Alberto Valenzuela Llanos 1693:Alfredo Valenzuela Puelma 1662:The Great Chilean Masters 1466:Alfredo Valenzuela Puelma 1205:Francisco Javier Mandiola 1156:Francisco Javier Mandiola 963:(The Battle of Iquique), 942:Francisco Javier Mandiola 474:During the government of 5393: 4269: 3754:Agustín Abarca Biography 3706:Grupo Signo (Sign Group) 3550:Jorge Letelier Biography 3514:Hector Cáceres Biography 3502:Isaías Cabezón Biography 3466:Ulises Vásquez Biography 3430:Ezequiel Plaza Biography 3310:Carlos Isamitt Biography 3250:Jerónimo Costa Biography 3190:Agustín Abarca Biography 3106:Pascual Ortega Biography 2480:ÁLVAREZ URQUIETA, LUIS. 2386:Carlos Maturana (Bororo) 2326:Colectivo Acción de Arte 2278:Grupo Signo (Sign Group) 928:, General and President 858:by the Chilean Fleet of 850:(Shipwreck of Arethusa) 3742:Promoción 80 (80s Prom) 3478:Pablo Buchard Biography 3454:Jaime Torrent Biography 3406:Elmina Moisan Biography 3394:Fernando Meza Biography 3346:Alberto Lobos Biography 3334:Alfredo Lobos Biography 3322:Enrique Lobos Biography 3298:Arturo Gordon Biography 3154:Miguel Campos Biography 3070:Antonio Smith Biography 2811:Encyclopædia Britannica 2709:Lacoste, Pablo (2004). 2523:List of Chilean artists 2397:Enrique Lynch del Solar 2340:Promoción 80 (80s Prom) 2243:"Juan Emar" (1893–1964) 1773:Juan Francisco González 1735:Juan Francisco González 1708:Juan Francisco González 1580:Pascual Ortega Portales 888:El huaso y la lavandera 886:(Battle of Maipu), and 869:Both the German artist 672:El huaso y la lavandera 396:The “Escuela Quiteña” ( 30:refers to all kinds of 3610:José Perotti Biography 3418:Enrique Moya Biography 3118:Onofre Jarpa Biography 3011:Gaspar Galaz Biography 2999:Antonio Gana Biography 2951:Otto Grashof Biography 2831:Arte colonial en Chile 2654:Arte colonial en Chile 2471: 2400: 2352: 2316: 2092:The Montparnasse Group 2077:Velorio de un angelito 1891: 1880: 1864: 1822: 1685: 1674: 1638: 1540: 1496: 1480:Critics of the Academy 1476: 1468: 1449: 1403: 1373: 1312:Charles C. Wood Taylor 1282:by Manuel Antonio Caro 1207: 1173: 1130: 1035:Manuel Ramirez Rosales 1021:Alexander von Humboldt 967: 917: 873:and the French artist 848:Naufragio del Arethusa 839: 781: 730: 682: 678:and the Laundress) by 651: 648:Charles C. Wood Taylor 636: 510:Mateo Perez de Alessio 466: 442: 430: 388: 337:Ignacio Andía y Varela 309: 282: 246: 245:the indigenous people. 214: 165: 81: 58: 5201:Saint Kitts and Nevis 4765:Investigations Police 4428:Presidential Republic 4404:Conservative Republic 4396:Republic Organization 4077:Saint Kitts and Nevis 3646:Pablo Vidor Biography 3562:Camilo Mori Biography 3202:Judith Alpi Biography 2903:Carles Wood Biography 2879:Claudio Gay Biography 2766:Arte Quiteño Colonial 2687:www.memoriachilena.cl 2469: 2394: 2351:(Declaration of Love) 2347: 2314: 1886: 1878: 1862: 1819: 1725:can be classified as 1680: 1669: 1636: 1538: 1491: 1474: 1463: 1444: 1398: 1359: 1199: 1176:Vicente Pérez Rosales 1165: 1122: 1077:Francis Martín Drexel 961:Combate Naval Iquique 959: 912: 834: 771: 720: 670: 645: 627: 594:Luis José de Orbegoso 476:Isabella I of Castile 457: 436: 417: 386: 306: 279: 271:Luis Álvarez Urquieta 243: 208: 159: 130:Luis Álvarez Urquieta 112:developed during the 75: 52: 4734:Constitutional Court 4612:World Heritage Sites 4444:Democracy Transition 3658:Waldo Vila Biography 3526:Ana Cortés Biography 3358:Pedro Luna Biography 3058:Pedro Lira Biography 2241:Álvaro Yáñez Bianchi 2064:) by Ulises Vásquez. 1950:The Lobos brothers: 1838:Álvarez de Sotomayor 1419:; the German artist 1417:Alejandro Ciccarelli 1370:Alejandro Ciccarelli 1073:Johan Heinrich Jenny 1003:Charles Thorold Wood 951:Alejandro Ciccarelli 900:La Casa de la Moneda 882:(Country Festival), 854:(The Capture of the 708:Charles Thorold Wood 5223:Trinidad and Tobago 5135:Antigua and Barbuda 4802:Ministry of Defence 4099:Trinidad and Tobago 4011:Antigua and Barbuda 3682:Juan Emar Biography 3622:Inés Puyó Biography 3035:Academia de Pintura 2367:University of Chile 2349:Declaracion de Amor 2302:military government 1698:Pedro Lira Rencoret 1566:Manuel Antonio Caro 1519:painting in Chile. 1382:University of Chile 1298:, by Ernest Charton 1264:Patriotic scene by 1201:José Miguel Carrera 1182:Antonio Gana Vargas 1146:Manuel Antonio Caro 1128:Manuel Antonio Caro 884:La Batalla de Maipu 727:Manuel Antonio Caro 696:Manuel Antonio Caro 470:European influences 5174:Dominican Republic 4876:Telecommunications 4050:Dominican Republic 3847:South American art 2807:www.britannica.com 2671:2009-06-01 at the 2628:2012-07-28 at the 2609:2013-05-15 at the 2528:Latin American art 2472: 2470:Three Figures 1958 2449:Gonzalo Cienfuegos 2440:Chilean Surrealism 2401: 2353: 2317: 2098:Post-Impressionism 2012:Estela Ross Mujica 1947:Humberto Izquierdo 1892: 1881: 1865: 1823: 1717:While the work of 1686: 1675: 1639: 1602:Onofre Jarpa Labra 1541: 1497: 1477: 1469: 1455:National Institute 1450: 1404: 1374: 1208: 1174: 1131: 1105:Giovatto Molinelli 1053:Thomas Somerscales 993:José de San Martín 989:Bernardo O'Higgins 985:José Gil de Castro 968: 965:Thomas Somerscales 918: 904:House of La Moneda 840: 806:José de San Martín 798:Bernardo O'Higgins 790:José Gil de Castro 782: 778:Pedro Subercaseaux 774:Bernardo O'Higgins 731: 723:Bernardo O'Higgins 721:The Abdication of 710:and the scientist 688:José Gil de Castro 683: 652: 637: 609:Bernardo O'Higgins 579:José Gil de Castro 555:José de San Martín 537:José Gil de Castro 523:José Gil de Castro 496:, with its use of 494:The Flemish School 467: 463:José Gil de Castro 443: 431: 423:Miguel de Santiago 409:Miguel de Santiago 389: 371:Santiago Cathedral 361:(Genealogy of the 310: 283: 247: 215: 166: 82: 59: 5402: 5401: 5085: 5084: 5045: 5044: 4894: 4893: 4810: 4809: 4773: 4772: 4662:Political parties 4652:Foreign relations 4642:National Congress 4620: 4619: 4505: 4504: 4501: 4500: 4420:Parliamentary Era 4364:Spanish Discovery 4278: 4277: 3961: 3960: 3933:other territories 3178:Generacion del 13 2360:neo-expressionist 2248:The 40 Generation 2217:Luis Vargas Rosas 2015:Guillermo Vergara 1923:Manuel Gallinato: 1812:Generación del 13 1806:The 13 Generation 1624:Ernesto Kirchbach 1610:Abraham Zañartu: 1409:Generación del 13 1266:Mauricio Rugendas 1171:Raymond Monvoisin 1081:Camilo Domeniconi 1027:Raymond Monvoisin 1017:Mauricio Rugendas 922:Raymond Monvoisin 871:Mauricio Rugendas 700:Mauricio Rugendas 692:Raymond Monvoisin 680:Mauricio Rugendas 634:Raymond Monvoisin 378:Carlos Haymhausen 341:Cerro Santa Lucía 318:Compañía de Jesús 299:Jesuit influences 176:extensively. The 164:, northern Chile. 68:Pre-Columbian art 62:Pre-Columbian art 16:(Redirected from 5427: 5394: 5235: 5112: 5105: 5098: 5089: 5065: 5058: 4905: 4861: 4821: 4635: 4631: 4525: 4513: 4448: 4440: 4432: 4424: 4416: 4412:Liberal Republic 4408: 4400: 4392: 4384: 4376: 4372:Spanish Conquest 4368: 4360: 4338: 4329: 4305: 4298: 4291: 4282: 4270: 4111: 3988: 3981: 3974: 3965: 3953: 3941:Falkland Islands 3855:Sovereign states 3840: 3833: 3826: 3817: 3808: 3807: 3800: 3794: 3793: 3791: 3790: 3781:. Archived from 3775: 3769: 3763: 3757: 3751: 3745: 3739: 3733: 3727: 3721: 3715: 3709: 3703: 3697: 3691: 3685: 3679: 3673: 3667: 3661: 3655: 3649: 3643: 3637: 3631: 3625: 3619: 3613: 3607: 3601: 3595: 3589: 3583: 3577: 3571: 3565: 3559: 3553: 3547: 3541: 3535: 3529: 3523: 3517: 3511: 3505: 3499: 3493: 3487: 3481: 3475: 3469: 3463: 3457: 3451: 3445: 3439: 3433: 3427: 3421: 3415: 3409: 3403: 3397: 3391: 3385: 3379: 3373: 3367: 3361: 3355: 3349: 3343: 3337: 3331: 3325: 3319: 3313: 3307: 3301: 3295: 3289: 3283: 3277: 3271: 3265: 3259: 3253: 3247: 3241: 3235: 3229: 3223: 3217: 3211: 3205: 3199: 3193: 3187: 3181: 3175: 3169: 3163: 3157: 3151: 3145: 3139: 3133: 3127: 3121: 3115: 3109: 3103: 3097: 3091: 3085: 3079: 3073: 3067: 3061: 3055: 3049: 3044: 3038: 3032: 3026: 3020: 3014: 3008: 3002: 2996: 2990: 2984: 2978: 2972: 2966: 2960: 2954: 2948: 2942: 2936: 2930: 2924: 2918: 2912: 2906: 2900: 2894: 2888: 2882: 2876: 2870: 2864: 2858: 2852: 2846: 2840: 2834: 2828: 2822: 2821: 2819: 2817: 2799: 2793: 2787: 2781: 2778:Queen Isabella I 2775: 2769: 2763: 2757: 2751: 2745: 2739: 2733: 2732: 2730: 2706: 2700: 2694: 2688: 2682: 2676: 2663: 2657: 2651: 2645: 2639: 2633: 2620: 2614: 2601: 2595: 2589: 2583: 2577: 2571: 2565: 2235:Marta Villanueva 2073: 2054: 2039: 1932:Ricardo Gilbert: 1794: 1782: 1770: 1758: 1614:and portraitist. 1560:Correo literario 1432:Cosme San Martín 1334: 1322: 1307: 1291: 1276: 1261: 1246: 1169:in captivity by 880:Fiesta campestre 605: 590: 566: 551: 350:which holds the 21: 5435: 5434: 5430: 5429: 5428: 5426: 5425: 5424: 5405: 5404: 5403: 5398: 5392: 5382: 5302: 5284: 5242:Central America 5236: 5227: 5121: 5116: 5086: 5081: 5068: 5061: 5054: 5041: 5027:Public holidays 4992:Beauty pageants 4973: 4890: 4859: 4806: 4769: 4743: 4724:Law enforcement 4676: 4616: 4577:Natural regions 4514: 4497: 4451: 4446: 4438: 4436:Pinochet Regime 4430: 4422: 4414: 4406: 4398: 4390: 4382: 4374: 4366: 4350: 4318: 4309: 4279: 4274: 4268: 4258: 4178: 4160: 4118:Central America 4112: 4103: 3997: 3992: 3962: 3957: 3951: 3934: 3932: 3922: 3849: 3844: 3813: 3811: 3802: 3801: 3797: 3788: 3786: 3779:"Roberto Matta" 3777: 3776: 3772: 3764: 3760: 3752: 3748: 3740: 3736: 3728: 3724: 3716: 3712: 3704: 3700: 3692: 3688: 3680: 3676: 3668: 3664: 3656: 3652: 3644: 3640: 3632: 3628: 3620: 3616: 3608: 3604: 3596: 3592: 3584: 3580: 3572: 3568: 3560: 3556: 3548: 3544: 3536: 3532: 3524: 3520: 3512: 3508: 3500: 3496: 3488: 3484: 3476: 3472: 3464: 3460: 3452: 3448: 3440: 3436: 3428: 3424: 3416: 3412: 3404: 3400: 3392: 3388: 3380: 3376: 3368: 3364: 3356: 3352: 3344: 3340: 3332: 3328: 3320: 3316: 3308: 3304: 3296: 3292: 3284: 3280: 3272: 3268: 3260: 3256: 3248: 3244: 3236: 3232: 3224: 3220: 3212: 3208: 3200: 3196: 3188: 3184: 3176: 3172: 3164: 3160: 3152: 3148: 3140: 3136: 3128: 3124: 3116: 3112: 3104: 3100: 3092: 3088: 3080: 3076: 3068: 3064: 3056: 3052: 3045: 3041: 3033: 3029: 3021: 3017: 3009: 3005: 2997: 2993: 2985: 2981: 2973: 2969: 2961: 2957: 2949: 2945: 2937: 2933: 2925: 2921: 2913: 2909: 2901: 2897: 2889: 2885: 2877: 2873: 2865: 2861: 2853: 2849: 2841: 2837: 2829: 2825: 2815: 2813: 2801: 2800: 2796: 2788: 2784: 2776: 2772: 2764: 2760: 2752: 2748: 2740: 2736: 2708: 2707: 2703: 2695: 2691: 2683: 2679: 2673:Wayback Machine 2664: 2660: 2652: 2648: 2642:Selk'nam People 2640: 2636: 2630:Wayback Machine 2621: 2617: 2611:Wayback Machine 2602: 2598: 2590: 2586: 2578: 2574: 2566: 2562: 2558: 2541: 2519: 2511:Text in Spanish 2505:Text In Spanish 2497:Text In Spanish 2491:Text in Spanish 2485:Text in Spanish 2477: 2442: 2406: 2342: 2322: 2293: 2280: 2250: 2199:Henriette Petit 2169:Augusto Eguiluz 2145:Jorge Caballero 2135: 2117:Salon d'Automne 2094: 2089: 2088: 2087: 2084: 2074: 2065: 2055: 2046: 2040: 2029: 2028: 2023: 2018: 2006:Carlos Ludstedt 1887:Alberto Lobos, 1870: 1814: 1808: 1803: 1802: 1801: 1798: 1795: 1786: 1783: 1774: 1771: 1762: 1759: 1748: 1747: 1671:El Niño Dormido 1664: 1644: 1612:Generre painter 1525: 1482: 1421:Ernst Kirchbach 1354: 1348: 1343: 1342: 1341: 1338: 1335: 1326: 1323: 1314: 1308: 1299: 1292: 1283: 1277: 1268: 1262: 1253: 1247: 1236: 1235: 1230: 1213: 1117: 1101:Alexander Simón 913:Valparaíso, by 856:Frigate Emerald 802:Isabel Riquelme 766: 698:and the German 622: 617: 616: 615: 612: 606: 597: 591: 582: 567: 558: 552: 541: 540: 531: 518: 502:Angelino Medoro 441:, 18th century. 367:Mesa de la Cena 352:Virgen Dolorosa 296: 294:Main influences 252: 227:Spanish Jesuits 220: 126: 70: 64: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5433: 5431: 5423: 5422: 5420:Art by country 5417: 5407: 5406: 5400: 5399: 5387: 5384: 5383: 5381: 5380: 5375: 5370: 5365: 5360: 5355: 5350: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5312: 5310: 5304: 5303: 5301: 5300: 5294: 5292: 5290:Middle America 5286: 5285: 5283: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5246: 5244: 5238: 5237: 5230: 5228: 5226: 5225: 5220: 5213: 5208: 5203: 5198: 5191: 5186: 5181: 5176: 5171: 5166: 5159: 5154: 5149: 5144: 5137: 5131: 5129: 5123: 5122: 5117: 5115: 5114: 5107: 5100: 5092: 5083: 5082: 5080: 5079: 5074: 5067: 5066: 5059: 5051: 5050: 5047: 5046: 5043: 5042: 5040: 5039: 5034: 5029: 5024: 5019: 5014: 5009: 5004: 4999: 4994: 4989: 4983: 4981: 4975: 4974: 4972: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4950: 4949: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4914: 4908: 4902: 4896: 4895: 4892: 4891: 4889: 4888: 4883: 4878: 4873: 4868: 4866:Stock Exchange 4863: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4830: 4824: 4818: 4812: 4811: 4808: 4807: 4805: 4804: 4799: 4794: 4789: 4783: 4781: 4775: 4774: 4771: 4770: 4768: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4751: 4749: 4745: 4744: 4742: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4721: 4720: 4719: 4714: 4704: 4703: 4702: 4692: 4686: 4684: 4678: 4677: 4675: 4674: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4638: 4628: 4622: 4621: 4618: 4617: 4615: 4614: 4609: 4604: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4584: 4579: 4574: 4572:National parks 4569: 4564: 4559: 4554: 4552:Extreme points 4549: 4544: 4539: 4534: 4528: 4522: 4516: 4515: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4502: 4499: 4498: 4496: 4495: 4490: 4485: 4480: 4475: 4470: 4465: 4459: 4457: 4453: 4452: 4450: 4449: 4447:(1990–Present) 4441: 4433: 4425: 4417: 4409: 4401: 4393: 4385: 4377: 4369: 4361: 4344: 4342: 4335: 4326: 4320: 4319: 4310: 4308: 4307: 4300: 4293: 4285: 4276: 4275: 4263: 4260: 4259: 4257: 4256: 4251: 4246: 4241: 4236: 4231: 4226: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4188: 4186: 4180: 4179: 4177: 4176: 4170: 4168: 4166:Middle America 4162: 4161: 4159: 4158: 4153: 4148: 4143: 4138: 4133: 4128: 4122: 4120: 4114: 4113: 4106: 4104: 4102: 4101: 4096: 4089: 4084: 4079: 4074: 4067: 4062: 4057: 4052: 4047: 4042: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4013: 4007: 4005: 3999: 3998: 3993: 3991: 3990: 3983: 3976: 3968: 3959: 3958: 3956: 3955: 3948: 3943: 3937: 3935: 3927: 3924: 3923: 3921: 3920: 3915: 3910: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3890: 3885: 3880: 3875: 3870: 3865: 3859: 3857: 3851: 3850: 3845: 3843: 3842: 3835: 3828: 3820: 3810: 3809: 3795: 3770: 3758: 3746: 3734: 3722: 3710: 3698: 3686: 3674: 3662: 3650: 3638: 3626: 3614: 3602: 3590: 3578: 3566: 3554: 3542: 3530: 3518: 3506: 3494: 3482: 3470: 3458: 3446: 3434: 3422: 3410: 3398: 3386: 3374: 3362: 3350: 3338: 3326: 3314: 3302: 3290: 3278: 3266: 3254: 3242: 3230: 3218: 3206: 3194: 3182: 3170: 3158: 3146: 3134: 3122: 3110: 3098: 3086: 3074: 3062: 3050: 3039: 3027: 3015: 3003: 2991: 2979: 2967: 2955: 2943: 2931: 2919: 2907: 2895: 2883: 2871: 2859: 2847: 2835: 2823: 2794: 2782: 2770: 2758: 2746: 2734: 2701: 2689: 2677: 2658: 2646: 2634: 2615: 2596: 2584: 2572: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2553: 2552: 2547: 2540: 2539:External links 2537: 2536: 2535: 2530: 2525: 2518: 2515: 2514: 2513: 2507: 2501: 2500: 2499: 2493: 2487: 2476: 2473: 2441: 2438: 2405: 2402: 2341: 2338: 2321: 2318: 2292: 2289: 2285:easel painting 2279: 2276: 2249: 2246: 2245: 2244: 2238: 2232: 2226: 2220: 2214: 2208: 2202: 2196: 2190: 2184: 2178: 2175:Jorge Letelier 2172: 2166: 2160: 2157:Hector Cáceres 2154: 2151:Isaías Cabezón 2148: 2142: 2139:Pablo Burchard 2134: 2131: 2093: 2090: 2086: 2085: 2075: 2068: 2066: 2062:Puelche (wind) 2058:Viento puelche 2056: 2049: 2047: 2041: 2034: 2031: 2030: 2026: 2025: 2024: 2022: 2019: 2017: 2016: 2013: 2010: 2007: 2003: 2002: 2000: 1996: 1995: 1992: 1989: 1986: 1983: 1980: 1974: 1971: 1968: 1962: 1961: 1960: 1957: 1954: 1948: 1945: 1942:Carlos Isamitt 1939: 1933: 1930: 1924: 1921: 1918: 1915: 1912: 1909: 1903: 1900: 1897:Agustín Abarca 1893: 1869: 1866: 1810:Main article: 1807: 1804: 1800: 1799: 1796: 1789: 1787: 1784: 1777: 1775: 1772: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1753: 1750: 1749: 1745: 1744: 1743: 1739:Alfredo Helsby 1711: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1695: 1663: 1660: 1643: 1640: 1619: 1618: 1615: 1608: 1605: 1599: 1577: 1563: 1553: 1550:Ricardo Bindis 1524: 1521: 1501:Antonio Romera 1481: 1478: 1436:Virginio Arias 1350:Main article: 1347: 1344: 1340: 1339: 1336: 1329: 1327: 1324: 1317: 1315: 1309: 1302: 1300: 1296:O'Higgins Park 1293: 1286: 1284: 1278: 1271: 1269: 1263: 1256: 1254: 1248: 1241: 1238: 1237: 1233: 1232: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1222:Antonio Romera 1212: 1209: 1194: 1193: 1179: 1159: 1153: 1142: 1141: 1139: 1116: 1113: 1109:Theodor Ohlsen 1085:Augusto Borget 1061: 1060: 1050: 1044: 1038: 1024: 1014: 1000: 982: 975: 974: 972: 818:Ricardo Bindis 772:The Charge of 765: 762: 712:Charles Darwin 661: 660: 621: 618: 614: 613: 607: 600: 598: 592: 585: 583: 569:A portrait of 568: 561: 559: 553: 546: 543: 542: 534: 533: 532: 530: 527: 517: 514: 506:Bernardo Bitti 472: 471: 394: 393: 333:silversmithing 301: 300: 295: 292: 251: 248: 219: 216: 200:Atacama Desert 189:Selknam people 162:Atacama Region 128:Art historian 125: 122: 118:North of Chile 106:cave paintings 66:Main article: 63: 60: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5432: 5421: 5418: 5416: 5413: 5412: 5410: 5397: 5391:not included. 5390: 5385: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5369: 5366: 5364: 5361: 5359: 5356: 5354: 5351: 5349: 5348: 5347:French Guiana 5344: 5342: 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5313: 5311: 5309: 5308:South America 5305: 5299: 5296: 5295: 5293: 5291: 5287: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5271: 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 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4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4752: 4750: 4748:Public safety 4746: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4729:Supreme Court 4727: 4725: 4722: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4709: 4708: 4705: 4701: 4698: 4697: 4696: 4693: 4691: 4688: 4687: 4685: 4683: 4679: 4673: 4670: 4668: 4665: 4663: 4660: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4643: 4640: 4639: 4636: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4623: 4613: 4610: 4608: 4605: 4603: 4600: 4598: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4568: 4565: 4563: 4560: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4545: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4535: 4533: 4530: 4529: 4526: 4523: 4521: 4517: 4512: 4494: 4491: 4489: 4486: 4484: 4481: 4479: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4461: 4460: 4458: 4454: 4445: 4442: 4437: 4434: 4429: 4426: 4421: 4418: 4413: 4410: 4405: 4402: 4397: 4394: 4389: 4386: 4381: 4378: 4373: 4370: 4365: 4362: 4358: 4354: 4349: 4346: 4345: 4343: 4339: 4336: 4334: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4321: 4317: 4313: 4306: 4301: 4299: 4294: 4292: 4287: 4286: 4283: 4273: 4267:not included. 4266: 4261: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4224: 4223:French Guiana 4220: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4203: 4200: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4189: 4187: 4185: 4184:South America 4181: 4175: 4172: 4171: 4169: 4167: 4163: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4142: 4139: 4137: 4134: 4132: 4129: 4127: 4124: 4123: 4121: 4119: 4115: 4110: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4094: 4090: 4088: 4085: 4083: 4080: 4078: 4075: 4073: 4072: 4068: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4056: 4053: 4051: 4048: 4046: 4043: 4041: 4040: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4018: 4014: 4012: 4009: 4008: 4006: 4004: 4000: 3996: 3989: 3984: 3982: 3977: 3975: 3970: 3969: 3966: 3954: 3949: 3947: 3946:French Guiana 3944: 3942: 3939: 3938: 3936: 3930: 3925: 3919: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3871: 3869: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3860: 3858: 3856: 3852: 3848: 3841: 3836: 3834: 3829: 3827: 3822: 3821: 3818: 3814: 3805: 3799: 3796: 3785:on 2009-07-14 3784: 3780: 3774: 3771: 3767: 3762: 3759: 3755: 3750: 3747: 3743: 3738: 3735: 3731: 3726: 3723: 3719: 3714: 3711: 3707: 3702: 3699: 3695: 3690: 3687: 3683: 3678: 3675: 3671: 3666: 3663: 3659: 3654: 3651: 3647: 3642: 3639: 3635: 3630: 3627: 3623: 3618: 3615: 3611: 3606: 3603: 3599: 3594: 3591: 3587: 3582: 3579: 3575: 3570: 3567: 3563: 3558: 3555: 3551: 3546: 3543: 3539: 3534: 3531: 3527: 3522: 3519: 3515: 3510: 3507: 3503: 3498: 3495: 3491: 3486: 3483: 3479: 3474: 3471: 3467: 3462: 3459: 3455: 3450: 3447: 3443: 3438: 3435: 3431: 3426: 3423: 3419: 3414: 3411: 3407: 3402: 3399: 3395: 3390: 3387: 3383: 3378: 3375: 3371: 3366: 3363: 3359: 3354: 3351: 3347: 3342: 3339: 3335: 3330: 3327: 3323: 3318: 3315: 3311: 3306: 3303: 3299: 3294: 3291: 3287: 3282: 3279: 3275: 3270: 3267: 3263: 3258: 3255: 3251: 3246: 3243: 3239: 3234: 3231: 3227: 3222: 3219: 3215: 3210: 3207: 3203: 3198: 3195: 3191: 3186: 3183: 3179: 3174: 3171: 3167: 3162: 3159: 3155: 3150: 3147: 3143: 3138: 3135: 3131: 3126: 3123: 3119: 3114: 3111: 3107: 3102: 3099: 3095: 3090: 3087: 3083: 3078: 3075: 3071: 3066: 3063: 3059: 3054: 3051: 3048: 3043: 3040: 3036: 3031: 3028: 3024: 3019: 3016: 3012: 3007: 3004: 3000: 2995: 2992: 2988: 2983: 2980: 2976: 2971: 2968: 2964: 2959: 2956: 2952: 2947: 2944: 2940: 2935: 2932: 2928: 2923: 2920: 2916: 2911: 2908: 2904: 2899: 2896: 2892: 2887: 2884: 2880: 2875: 2872: 2868: 2863: 2860: 2856: 2851: 2848: 2844: 2839: 2836: 2832: 2827: 2824: 2812: 2808: 2804: 2803:"Flemish art" 2798: 2795: 2791: 2786: 2783: 2779: 2774: 2771: 2767: 2762: 2759: 2755: 2750: 2747: 2743: 2738: 2735: 2729: 2724: 2720: 2716: 2712: 2705: 2702: 2698: 2693: 2690: 2686: 2681: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2667: 2662: 2659: 2655: 2650: 2647: 2643: 2638: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2624: 2619: 2616: 2612: 2608: 2605: 2600: 2597: 2593: 2588: 2585: 2581: 2576: 2573: 2569: 2564: 2561: 2555: 2551: 2548: 2546: 2543: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2531: 2529: 2526: 2524: 2521: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2492: 2488: 2486: 2482: 2481: 2479: 2478: 2474: 2468: 2464: 2462: 2458: 2457:Roberto Yáñez 2454: 2450: 2446: 2445:Roberto Matta 2439: 2437: 2434: 2429: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2410: 2403: 2398: 2393: 2389: 2387: 2382: 2380: 2379:Samy Benmayor 2376: 2372: 2368: 2363: 2361: 2357: 2350: 2346: 2339: 2337: 2335: 2331: 2330:Diamela Eltit 2327: 2319: 2313: 2309: 2305: 2304:at the time. 2303: 2298: 2297:Nelly Richard 2290: 2288: 2286: 2277: 2275: 2273: 2272:Ximena Cristi 2268: 2266: 2262: 2261:Impressionism 2257: 2255: 2254:Salón oficial 2247: 2242: 2239: 2236: 2233: 2230: 2227: 2224: 2221: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2200: 2197: 2194: 2191: 2188: 2185: 2182: 2179: 2176: 2173: 2170: 2167: 2164: 2161: 2158: 2155: 2152: 2149: 2146: 2143: 2140: 2137: 2136: 2132: 2130: 2128: 2127: 2120: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2105: 2103: 2099: 2091: 2082: 2081:Arturo Gordon 2078: 2072: 2067: 2063: 2059: 2053: 2048: 2044: 2038: 2033: 2020: 2014: 2011: 2008: 2005: 2004: 2001: 1998: 1997: 1993: 1990: 1987: 1984: 1981: 1978: 1977:Elmina Moisan 1975: 1972: 1969: 1966: 1963: 1958: 1955: 1952: 1951: 1949: 1946: 1943: 1940: 1937: 1936:Arturo Gordon 1934: 1931: 1928: 1925: 1922: 1919: 1916: 1913: 1910: 1907: 1904: 1901: 1898: 1895: 1894: 1890: 1889:Self-portrait 1885: 1877: 1873: 1867: 1861: 1857: 1855: 1851: 1845: 1843: 1839: 1834: 1832: 1828: 1827:13 Generation 1818: 1813: 1805: 1793: 1788: 1781: 1776: 1769: 1764: 1757: 1752: 1742: 1740: 1736: 1732: 1728: 1724: 1720: 1715: 1709: 1706: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1690: 1689: 1683: 1679: 1672: 1668: 1661: 1659: 1655: 1654:inspiration. 1651: 1648: 1641: 1635: 1631: 1629: 1625: 1616: 1613: 1609: 1606: 1603: 1600: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1586:. His art is 1585: 1581: 1578: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1564: 1561: 1557: 1556:Antonio Smith 1554: 1551: 1547: 1543: 1542: 1537: 1533: 1531: 1522: 1520: 1518: 1512: 1510: 1509:Antonio Smith 1506: 1502: 1495: 1490: 1486: 1479: 1473: 1467: 1462: 1458: 1456: 1447: 1443: 1439: 1437: 1433: 1429: 1426: 1422: 1418: 1414: 1410: 1402: 1401:Antonio Smith 1397: 1393: 1391: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1378:Manuel Bulnes 1371: 1367: 1363: 1358: 1353: 1345: 1333: 1328: 1321: 1316: 1313: 1306: 1301: 1297: 1290: 1285: 1281: 1275: 1270: 1267: 1260: 1255: 1252: 1245: 1240: 1227: 1225: 1223: 1217: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1191: 1187: 1183: 1180: 1177: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1160: 1157: 1154: 1151: 1147: 1144: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1136: 1135: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1114: 1112: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1097:Clara Filleul 1094: 1090: 1086: 1082: 1078: 1074: 1070: 1066: 1058: 1054: 1051: 1048: 1045: 1042: 1039: 1036: 1032: 1028: 1025: 1022: 1018: 1015: 1012: 1011:Andean condor 1008: 1004: 1001: 998: 997:Simón Bolívar 994: 990: 986: 983: 980: 977: 976: 973: 970: 969: 966: 962: 958: 954: 952: 947: 943: 939: 935: 934:Mariano Egaña 931: 930:Manuel Bulnes 927: 923: 916: 911: 907: 905: 901: 897: 893: 889: 885: 881: 876: 872: 867: 865: 861: 860:Lord Cochrane 857: 853: 849: 845: 837: 836:Antonio Smith 833: 829: 827: 823: 819: 815: 811: 810:Simón Bolivar 807: 803: 799: 795: 791: 787: 779: 775: 770: 763: 761: 759: 755: 750: 748: 744: 743:neoclassicism 740: 735: 728: 724: 719: 715: 713: 709: 705: 701: 697: 693: 689: 681: 677: 673: 669: 665: 658: 657: 656: 649: 644: 640: 635: 631: 626: 619: 610: 604: 599: 595: 589: 584: 580: 576: 572: 571:Simón Bolivar 565: 560: 556: 550: 545: 538: 528: 526: 524: 515: 513: 511: 507: 503: 499: 495: 491: 487: 485: 481: 477: 469: 468: 464: 460: 459:Santo Domingo 456: 452: 449: 440: 439:Vicente Alban 435: 428: 424: 420: 416: 412: 410: 405: 403: 399: 391: 390: 385: 381: 379: 374: 372: 368: 364: 360: 355: 353: 349: 344: 342: 338: 334: 330: 325: 323: 319: 314: 305: 298: 297: 293: 291: 287: 278: 274: 272: 267: 265: 261: 256: 249: 242: 238: 236: 232: 228: 223: 217: 212: 207: 203: 201: 197: 192: 190: 185: 183: 179: 175: 171: 163: 158: 154: 150: 148: 144: 140: 136: 131: 123: 121: 119: 115: 111: 107: 102: 100: 96: 92: 86: 79: 74: 69: 61: 56: 51: 47: 45: 44:pre-Columbian 41: 37: 34:developed in 33: 29: 19: 5395: 5389:Dependencies 5346: 5217:Sint Maarten 5216: 5194: 5162: 5140: 4917:Demographics 4838:Central Bank 4707:Human rights 4695:Constitution 4478:Expansionism 4388:Independence 4271: 4265:Dependencies 4222: 4093:Sint Maarten 4092: 4070: 4038: 4016: 3929:Dependencies 3877: 3812: 3798: 3787:. 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Talca. 2718: 2714: 2704: 2692: 2680: 2661: 2649: 2637: 2618: 2604:Arte Mapuche 2599: 2587: 2575: 2563: 2475:Bibliography 2460: 2443: 2432: 2430: 2411: 2407: 2383: 2371:Promotion 80 2370: 2364: 2356:Promoción 80 2355: 2354: 2348: 2325: 2323: 2306: 2294: 2281: 2269: 2258: 2253: 2251: 2213:(1906–1996) 2205:José Perotti 2124: 2121: 2109:Montparnasse 2106: 2095: 2076: 2057: 2042: 2009:Óscar Millán 1979:(1897–1938): 1967:(1892–1956): 1944:(1887–1974): 1938:(1883–1944): 1929:(1890–1969): 1908:(1893–1938): 1899:(1882–1953): 1888: 1871: 1850:Pablo Neruda 1846: 1835: 1824: 1716: 1712: 1687: 1681: 1670: 1656: 1652: 1649: 1645: 1620: 1573: 1569: 1559: 1545: 1526: 1517:neoclassical 1513: 1498: 1494:Onofre Jarpa 1483: 1451: 1445: 1405: 1375: 1218: 1214: 1132: 1093:Juan Bianchi 1069:María Graham 1062: 1047:Otto Grashof 1031:Andrés Bello 960: 938:Andrés Bello 925: 919: 899: 895: 887: 883: 879: 868: 863: 851: 847: 844:Charles Wood 841: 821: 820:in his book 814:Cuzco School 794:Ramón Freire 783: 751: 736: 732: 684: 671: 662: 653: 638: 630:Andrés Bello 628:Portrait of 519: 492: 488: 473: 458: 446:and defiant 444: 427:Quito School 418: 406: 398:Quito School 395: 392:Quito School 375: 366: 358: 356: 351: 345: 326: 315: 311: 288: 284: 268: 257: 253: 224: 221: 218:Colonial art 193: 186: 167: 151: 149:influences. 127: 103: 87: 83: 27: 26: 18:Art of Chile 5415:Chilean art 5260:El Salvador 5206:Saint Lucia 5195:Puerto Rico 4932:Immigration 4833:Aquaculture 4828:Agriculture 4760:Gendarmerie 4755:Carabineros 4607:Lighthouses 4547:Environment 4542:Earthquakes 4463:Agriculture 4439:(1973–1990) 4431:(1925–1973) 4423:(1891–1925) 4415:(1861–1891) 4407:(1831–1861) 4399:(1823–1831) 4391:(1810–1826) 4383:(1600–1810) 4375:(1540–1600) 4367:(1536–1540) 4348:Prehispanic 4136:El Salvador 4082:Saint Lucia 4071:Puerto Rico 2453:Aldo Alcota 2375:Jorge Tacla 2334:Raúl Zurita 2332:, the poet 2315:Raúl Zurita 2237:(1900–1995) 2231:(1894–1979) 2225:(1892–1991) 2223:Pablo Vidor 2219:(1897–1977) 2207:(1898–1956) 2201:(1894–1983) 2195:(1887–1946) 2189:(1885–1943) 2183:(1896–1973) 2181:Camilo Mori 2177:(1887–1966) 2171:(1893–1969) 2165:(1906–1998) 2159:(1897–1980) 2153:(1891–1963) 2147:(1902–1992) 2141:(1875–1964) 1927:Otto Georgi 1906:Judith Alpi 1831:El Mercurio 1628:romanticism 1592:romanticism 1588:originality 1167:Elisa Bravo 1124:Arturo Prat 1065:John Searle 979:Claudio Gay 758:romanticism 747:romanticism 734:own value. 704:Claudio Gay 577:in 1825 by 573:painted in 498:Chiaroscuro 363:Franciscans 260:chiaroscuro 213:, Santiago. 174:petroglyphs 114:prehispanic 110:petroglyphs 28:Chilean art 5409:Categories 5255:Costa Rica 5037:Television 5022:Newspapers 5007:Literature 4947:Indigenous 4927:Healthcare 4860:(currency) 4690:Civil Code 4672:Ministries 4657:Government 4131:Costa Rica 3789:2016-11-22 3730:CADA Group 2556:References 2533:Arpilleras 2320:CADA Group 2229:Waldo Vila 2163:Ana Cortés 2126:Criollismo 1965:Pedro Luna 1727:naturalist 1723:Pedro Lira 1682:Coquetería 1505:Pedro Lira 1428:Juan Mochi 1425:Florentine 1413:Neapolitan 1251:Claude Gay 1184:= Born in 754:neoclassic 32:visual art 5378:Venezuela 5316:Argentina 5275:Nicaragua 5265:Guatemala 5127:Caribbean 5017:Mythology 4959:Squatting 4937:Languages 4922:Education 4886:Transport 4843:Companies 4787:Air Force 4667:President 4647:Elections 4602:Volcanoes 4582:Provinces 4520:Geography 4254:Venezuela 4192:Argentina 4151:Nicaragua 4141:Guatemala 4003:Caribbean 3918:Venezuela 3863:Argentina 3538:Biography 3274:Biography 2816:March 25, 2715:Universum 2426:landscape 2418:realistic 2211:Inés Puyó 2119:in 1920. 2113:Juan Gris 1842:Velázquez 1574:Zamacueca 1366:Peñalolén 1360:Vista de 1150:Zamacueca 826:Caudillos 539:paintings 484:Mannerism 329:carpentry 308:convents. 231:Mannerism 135:Atacameño 5368:Suriname 5358:Paraguay 5336:Colombia 5270:Honduras 5169:Dominica 5152:Barbados 5072:Category 4954:Religion 4853:Forestry 4779:Military 4717:Intersex 4626:Politics 4488:Maritime 4473:Economic 4468:Banditry 4456:By topic 4380:Colonial 4333:Timeline 4316:articles 4244:Suriname 4234:Paraguay 4212:Colombia 4146:Honduras 4045:Dominica 4028:Barbados 3908:Suriname 3898:Paraguay 3883:Colombia 2669:Archived 2626:Archived 2607:Archived 2517:See also 2422:abstract 1856:people. 1530:Classics 1362:Santiago 1186:Santiago 786:Peruvian 480:Carlos V 264:mestizos 196:Americas 170:Diaguita 143:Diaguita 139:Araucano 91:Catholic 78:Diaguita 5373:Uruguay 5341:Ecuador 5321:Bolivia 5189:Jamaica 5179:Grenada 5163:Curaçao 5147:Bahamas 5056:Outline 5002:Cuisine 4979:Culture 4900:Society 4881:Tourism 4816:Economy 4700:History 4587:Regions 4567:Islands 4562:Geology 4537:Climate 4341:Periods 4324:History 4249:Uruguay 4217:Ecuador 4197:Bolivia 4065:Jamaica 4055:Grenada 4039:Curaçao 4023:Bahamas 3913:Uruguay 3888:Ecuador 3868:Bolivia 2414:Neo-pop 2404:The 90s 2399:(1902) 2362:trend. 2265:Fauvism 2102:Fauvism 2043:Desnudo 2021:Gallery 1854:Mapuche 1848:grave. 1596:realism 1584:Painter 1415:artist 1228:Gallery 788:artist 739:realism 659:History 529:Gallery 448:Mapuche 250:History 235:Baroque 178:Mapuche 124:History 5353:Guyana 5326:Brazil 5298:Mexico 5280:Panama 5250:Belize 5077:Portal 5032:Sports 4997:Cinema 4942:People 4871:Mining 4848:Energy 4592:Rivers 4532:Cities 4483:Mining 4355:–1536 4314: 4229:Guyana 4202:Brazil 4174:Mexico 4156:Panama 4126:Belize 3893:Guyana 3873:Brazil 2455:, and 1642:Legacy 1423:; the 1364:desde 1211:Legacy 1007:huemul 862:) and 516:Legacy 5331:Chile 5184:Haiti 5141:Aruba 5063:Index 5012:Music 4969:Women 4912:Crime 4858:Peso 4597:Lakes 4312:Chile 4207:Chile 4060:Haiti 4017:Aruba 3878:Chile 892:Huaso 676:Huaso 535:Some 402:Quito 182:machi 55:Machi 36:Chile 5363:Peru 5157:Cuba 4987:Arts 4797:Navy 4792:Army 4712:LGBT 4493:Wars 4239:Peru 4033:Cuba 3903:Peru 2818:2013 2263:and 1825:The 1733:and 1721:and 1594:and 1572:and 1507:and 1107:and 1033:and 1009:and 995:and 944:and 808:and 745:and 690:and 575:Lima 508:and 478:and 316:The 233:and 147:Inca 145:and 137:and 108:and 4682:Law 4353:ACN 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