255:
568:
took place on 30 June. Hess subsequently requested a judicial proceeding in August to defend his honor against allegations that he had been involved in the alleged coup. He was acquitted on 25 September by a
Special Court of the Supreme SA Leadership (OSAF). Hess left his field command when he was
857:
488:
of the 2nd SA detachment in Plauen. In
November 1923, he was arrested and briefly held in investigative detention. Sentenced to three months imprisonment, he was acquitted on appeal. During the period that the SA was banned in the wake of the failed
631:(trustee district). On 9 January 1935, he was appointed the Reich Guild Master of the Reich Guild Association for the Master Shoemaker Craft. This appointment also conferred an honorary judgeship on the Reich Labor Court in
646:. In addition, from 1942, he was the Artisan Master's Representative for Education and Instruction of Artisans, and served as the director of the Master Shoemaking School. He was named a
1042:
608:). He was re-elected in the elections of November 1932, March 1933 and November 1933. In the Reichstag election on 29 March 1936, he ran again but did not receive a mandate.
1027:
1017:
992:
506:
Hess rejoined the Party on 2 June 1925, after the lifting of the ban, and also resumed his SA leadership post in Plauen. On 1 February 1928, he was made an SA-
573:
for
Special Assignments in OSAF on 15 January 1935, holding this post until the fall of the Nazi regime in May 1945. He achieved his final SA promotion to SA-
1037:
1047:
1022:
1012:
944:
926:
901:
1002:
987:
523:
1007:
591:
1052:
957:
910:
652:(military economic leader) on 7 February 1939 and, in May 1940, he was also granted a five-year appointment as a lay judge and
997:
438:, second class. After the war, Hess returned to work at his father's business as a master shoemaker, and became co-owner of
1032:
596:
424:, serving as a combat orderly and as leader of a battalion orderly staff from August 1914 to Easter 1918. He became a
421:
417:
657:
112:
416:
and was assigned to the 134th (10th Royal Saxon) Infantry
Regiment, headquartered in Plauen. He fought on both the
531:
237:
425:
359:
139:
648:
365:
36:
961:
636:
620:, Hess was named the national leader of the Reich Professional Group for Master Orthopedic Shoemakers in
617:
982:
977:
760:
575:
398:
363:
deputy from 1932 to 1936, and he was a national leader in the German crafts organization, becoming a
353:
270:
393:
as an orthopedic shoemaker in his father's business until 1909, also attending classes at the local
708:
641:
508:
635:. On 14 May 1935, Hess was named the chief of liaison between OSAF and the Reich Artisan Master,
494:
471:
413:
233:
940:
922:
897:
527:
177:
747:
734:
672:
560:
550:
490:
370:
668:
409:
327:
470:(local group) in March 1923. As a very early Party member, he later would be awarded the
653:
565:
480:
390:
347:
in German,( 18 July 1891 – 20 June 1959) was a German shoemaker by trade who became a
971:
721:
544:
430:
291:
260:
181:
661:
475:
205:
861:
590:
In addition to his SA duties, Hess was also active in electoral politics. In the
312:
397:(vocational school). From 1911 to 1913, he performed military service with the
676:
463:
435:
348:
322:
215:
197:
389:. He attended the public elementary school from 1898 until 1906 and then was
514:
499:
386:
442:. From 1927 to 1933, he also taught professional shoemaking classes at the
782:
Grundsätzliche
Richtlinien für die Berufserziehung im Schuhmacherhandwerk
601:
675:. Little is documented about Hess in the post-war years, and he died in
632:
605:
402:
201:
776:
Wahrheiten über die gegenwärtige
Methodik der Beschuhung kranker Füsse
624:
and, on 17 May 1934, he was appointed the State Crafts Leader for the
625:
621:
382:
173:
81:
558:
36 in Plauen on 1 September 1933. Shortly after his promotion to SA-
401:
in the 133rd (9th Royal Saxon) Infantry
Regiment, headquartered in
817:
815:
802:
800:
798:
921:. Vol. 1. Solihull, England: Helion & Company.
660:. He would hold all these posts for the remainder of
318:
308:
298:
286:
276:
266:
248:
243:
229:
221:
211:
187:
156:
151:
130:
118:
103:
98:
75:
54:
34:
23:
357:in the Supreme SA Leadership. He was elected as a
958:Literature by and about Arthur Hess (SA general)
440:Wilhelm Hess & Söhne Orthopädie-Shuhmacherei
594:, he was elected as a Nazi Party deputy to the
1043:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 2nd class
612:Leadership of professional craft organizations
548:. Exactly a year later, he was promoted to SA-
8:
917:Miller, Michael D.; Schulz, Andreas (2015).
875:
845:
821:
806:
896:. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
16:German craftsman and SA general (1891–1959)
911:Information about Arthur Hess (SA general)
686:
542:on 1 July 1932 when he was promoted to SA-
304:134th (10th Royal Saxon) Infantry Regiment
20:
518:II in Plauen. Hess co-founded the Plauen
302:133rd (9th Royal Saxon) Infantry Regiment
833:
466:(membership number 6,840) at the Plauen
94:1 February 1928 – 14 April 1935
794:
569:appointed to a staff position as an SA-
894:The SA Generals and the Rise of Nazism
534:. He advanced to the leadership of SA-
369:(military economic leader) during the
50:7 February 1939 – 8 May 1945
7:
993:German Army personnel of World War I
937:5000 Köpfe: Wer War Was im 3. Reich
592:parliamentary election of July 1932
554:, and he assumed the command of SA-
530:in August 1929 and was awarded the
71:15 April 1935 – 8 May 1945
1038:Prisoners and detainees of Germany
1028:Members of the Reichstag 1933–1936
1018:Members of the Reichstag 1932–1933
524:National Socialist Teachers League
14:
1048:Recipients of the War Merit Cross
600:from electoral constituency 30 (
253:
512:and became the commander of SA-
412:, Hess rejoined the army as a
1:
1023:Members of the Reichstag 1933
1013:Members of the Reichstag 1932
671:1st and 2nd class during the
474:. He also joined the Party's
1003:Heads of schools in Germany
919:Leaders of the Storm Troops
1069:
988:Businesspeople from Saxony
935:Stockhorst, Erich (1985).
538:II in July 1930 and of SA-
446:(trade school) in Plauen.
377:Early life and war service
913:in the Reichstag database
836:, pp. 41, 190 n. 49.
689:
532:Nuremberg Party Day Badge
526:in 1929. He attended the
408:Upon the outbreak of the
334:
238:Nuremberg Party Day Badge
147:
87:
64:
43:
30:
1008:Judges in the Nazi Party
892:Campbell, Bruce (1998).
876:Miller & Schulz 2015
848:, pp. 558–559, 561.
846:Miller & Schulz 2015
822:Miller & Schulz 2015
807:Miller & Schulz 2015
528:Party rally in Nuremberg
428:, attaining the rank of
426:non-commissioned officer
126:Judge, Reich Labor Court
58:for Special Assignments,
1053:Sturmabteilung officers
962:German National Library
564:on 25 March 1934, the
462:Hess first joined the
450:Career in Nazi Germany
434:, and was awarded the
385:, the son of a master
998:German schoolteachers
667:Hess was awarded the
649:Wehrwirtschaftsführer
637:Wilhelm Georg Schmidt
618:Nazi seizure of power
493:, Hess joined the SA
484:(SA), and became the
366:Wehrwirtschaftsführer
351:politician and an SA-
277:Years of service
60:Supreme SA Leadership
37:Wehrwirtschaftsführer
824:, pp. 558, 561.
579:on 30 January 1941.
399:Imperial German Army
271:Imperial German Army
99:Additional positions
878:, pp. 559–560.
330:, 1st and 2nd class
1033:People from Plauen
540:Untergruppe Plauen
495:front organization
472:Golden Party Badge
414:one-year volunteer
341:Ludwig Arthur Hess
234:Golden Party Badge
161:Ludwig Arthur Hess
945:978-3-887-41116-9
939:. Arndt. p. 193.
928:978-1-909-98287-1
903:978-0-813-12047-8
858:Arthur Hess entry
767:
766:
761:Obergruppenführer
576:Obergruppenführer
381:Hess was born in
354:Obergruppenführer
338:
337:
178:Kingdom of Saxony
1060:
932:
907:
879:
873:
867:
865:Members Database
855:
849:
843:
837:
831:
825:
819:
810:
804:
755:30 January 1941
709:Standartenführer
703:1 February 1928
687:
673:Second World War
645:
629:Treuhanderbezirk
509:Standartenführer
491:Beer Hall Putsch
371:Second World War
259:
257:
256:
244:Military service
194:
170:
168:
152:Personal details
135:
134:
123:
122:
108:
107:
92:
69:
48:
21:
1068:
1067:
1063:
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954:
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844:
840:
832:
828:
820:
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796:
791:
772:
770:Published works
685:
669:War Merit Cross
639:
614:
588:
460:
452:
410:First World War
379:
328:War Merit Cross
326:
319:Military awards
303:
281:
254:
252:
236:
230:Civilian awards
212:Political party
196:
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105:
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826:
811:
809:, p. 558.
793:
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787:
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764:
756:
752:
751:
743:
742:25 March 1934
739:
738:
730:
726:
725:
717:
713:
712:
704:
700:
699:
696:
692:
691:
684:
681:
679:in June 1959.
664:'s existence.
658:People's Court
613:
610:
587:
581:
481:Sturmabteilung
459:
456:Sturmabteilung
453:
451:
448:
422:eastern fronts
378:
375:
336:
335:
332:
331:
320:
316:
315:
310:
306:
305:
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296:
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288:
284:
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278:
274:
273:
268:
267:Branch/service
264:
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250:
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227:
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223:
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195:(aged 67)
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113:People's Court
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839:
835:
834:Campbell 1998
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783:
780:
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769:
763:
762:
757:
754:
753:
750:
749:
748:Gruppenführer
744:
741:
740:
737:
736:
735:Brigadeführer
731:
728:
727:
724:
723:
718:
715:
714:
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710:
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702:
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697:
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603:
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593:
585:
582:
580:
578:
577:
572:
567:
563:
562:
561:Gruppenführer
557:
553:
552:
551:Brigadeführer
547:
546:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
516:
511:
510:
504:
502:
501:
496:
492:
487:
483:
482:
477:
473:
469:
465:
457:
454:
449:
447:
445:
444:Gewerbeschule
441:
437:
433:
432:
431:Vizefeldwebel
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
406:
404:
400:
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294:
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292:Vizefeldwebel
289:
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262:
261:German Empire
251:
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199:
190:
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182:German Empire
179:
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39:
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33:
29:
22:
19:
936:
918:
893:
871:
862:
853:
841:
829:
781:
775:
759:
746:
733:
729:1 July 1933
720:
716:1 July 1932
707:
666:
662:Nazi Germany
647:
628:
615:
595:
589:
583:
574:
570:
559:
555:
549:
543:
539:
535:
519:
513:
507:
505:
498:
485:
479:
476:paramilitary
467:
461:
458:(SA) service
455:
443:
439:
429:
407:
395:Berufsschule
394:
380:
364:
358:
352:
344:
340:
339:
309:Battles/wars
290:
206:West Germany
193:(1959-06-20)
191:20 June 1959
171:18 July 1891
138:
89:
77:
66:
55:
45:
35:
18:
983:1959 deaths
978:1891 births
640: [
566:Röhm Putsch
391:apprenticed
325:, 2nd class
313:World War I
25:Arthur Hess
972:Categories
789:References
722:Oberführer
677:Ingolstadt
616:After the
545:Oberführer
520:Ortsgruppe
478:unit, the
468:Ortsgruppe
464:Nazi Party
436:Iron Cross
349:Nazi Party
323:Iron Cross
249:Allegiance
222:Occupation
216:Nazi Party
198:Ingolstadt
167:1891-07-18
964:catalogue
952:Web links
863:Reichstag
690:SA ranks
597:Reichstag
584:Reichstag
515:Standarte
500:Frontbann
387:shoemaker
360:Reichstag
282:1914–1918
280:1911–1913
225:Shoemaker
140:Reichstag
133:1932–1936
121:1935–1945
106:1940–1945
90:In office
67:In office
46:In office
683:SA ranks
654:assessor
602:Chemnitz
960:in the
886:Sources
860:in the
656:at the
633:Leipzig
606:Zwickau
556:Brigade
536:Brigade
522:of the
418:western
403:Zwickau
202:Bavaria
111:Judge,
943:
925:
900:
784:(1938)
778:(1938)
626:Saxony
622:Berlin
586:deputy
571:Führer
497:, the
486:Führer
383:Plauen
258:
174:Plauen
143:Deputy
82:Plauen
78:Führer
56:Führer
698:Rank
695:Date
644:]
941:ISBN
923:ISBN
898:ISBN
420:and
299:Unit
287:Rank
188:Died
157:Born
758:SA-
745:SA-
732:SA-
719:SA-
706:SA-
345:Heß
80:in
76:SA-
974::
814:^
797:^
642:de
503:.
405:.
373:.
343:,
204:,
200:,
180:,
176:,
947:.
931:.
906:.
604:-
169:)
165:(
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