123:, which "renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation" and promises that "land, sea, and air forces, as well as other war potential, will never be maintained". However, other Articles (like Article 97 regarding fundamental human rights) have also been proposed for revision or deletion. Some scholars think Article 96 cannot be amended because this article defines the power to exercise constituent power which is a constituted power created by the constituent power, and constituent power itself cannot be changed by the Constitution.
119:), let alone the simple majority of the Japanese electorate in the subsequent referendum vote (as required by Article 96). As such, proponents of revision have set their sights on Article 96, hoping to revise it so that amendments no longer require a supermajority in the Diet. The primary motive behind the revision of Article 96 appears to be the revision of
75:
ARTICLE 96. (1) Amendments to this
Constitution shall be initiated by the Diet, through a concurring vote of two-thirds or more of all the members of each House and shall thereupon be submitted to the people for ratification, which shall require the affirmative vote of a majority of all votes cast
160:
Amendments to this
Constitution shall be initiated by a member of either the House of Representatives or House of Councillors and resolved by the Diet through a concurring vote of a majority of all the members of both Houses, and shall thereupon be submitted to the people for ratification, which
133:, was a vocal proponent of revising Article 96, stating that "It's unfair that just more than one-third of lawmakers could block revisions even if 50 percent or more of the public want to amend the Constitution". Given that his
46:
51:. The Constitution has remained unchanged since coming into effect on May 3, 1947, and many politicians are calling for a revision of Article 96 so that they can begin revising other, more central Articles (like
137:
controls both Houses of the
National Diet (for the first time in nearly a decade), political pundits say that he has a fair chance to succeed. However, the Liberal Democratic Party's coalition partner,
361:
100:
92:
449:
414:
318:
146:. Moreover, the Japanese population appears to be roughly divided regarding the revision of Article 96, with 42% in favor and 46% against according to a recent
143:
438:
142:, may be unwilling to support such a change, and in fact, the Liberal Democratic Party appeared to drop the issue from its platform in the run up to the
78:(2) Amendments when so ratified shall immediately be promulgated by the Emperor in the name of the people, as an integral part of this Constitution.
345:
41:
483:
263:
120:
52:
277:
103:. Since then, many Japanese have advocated for revisions to numerous articles but they have been unable to gain the support of two-thirds (a
252:
88:
20:
134:
116:
538:
293:
157:この憲法の改正は、衆議院又は参議院の議員の発議により、両議院のそれぞれの総議員の過半数の賛成で国会が議決し、国民に提案してその承認を得なければならない。この承認には、法律の定めるところにより行われる国民の投票において有効投票の過半数の賛成を必要とする。
418:
161:
shall require the affirmative vote of a majority of all valid votes cast in a popular election conducted as provided by law.
322:
460:
178:
203:
385:
70:この憲法の改正は、各議院の総議員の三分の二以上の賛成で、国会が、これを発議し、国民に提案してその承認を経なければならない。この承認には、特別の国民投票又は国会の定める選挙の際行はれる投票において、その過半数の賛成を必要とする。
130:
471:
96:
26:
342:
487:
112:
87:
The
Japanese Constitution has not been revised since it was first created in 1947. By contrast, the
274:
228:
508:
150:
poll. A separate NHK survey showed that nearly 50% of
Japanese had no opinion on the subject.
30:
147:
461:
Is Japan ready to shun the Peace
Constitution? | Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses
349:
281:
29:
specifying the process for making amendments. Details of the process is determined by the
439:
The LDP constitution, article by article: a preview of things to come? | The Japan Times
63:
The full text of the article in
Japanese, and its official English translation, reads:
35:
275:
Abe seeks partners to pave way for constitutional revisions - AJW by The Asahi
Shimbun
532:
450:
Article 96 revisionists short of two-thirds majority in Upper House | The Japan Times
108:
104:
297:
484:"NHK on changing the Japanese constitution | Japologism - Unapologetic apologism"
415:"PM Abe set to prioritize revision of Japan's Article 96 - The Japan Daily Press"
139:
153:
The LDP's proposed constitutional amendment would amend
Article 96 as follows:
76:
thereon, at a special referendum or at such election as the Diet shall specify.
126:
386:
Factbox: Key facts about Japan's constitution, proposed changes | Reuters
264:
343:
Constitution I | 2013 ELECTION: JAPAN DECIDES | NHK WORLD TV
72:２ 憲法改正について前項の承認を経たときは、天皇は、国民の名で、この憲法と一体を成すものとして、直ちにこれを公布する。
42:
Act on Procedures for Amendment of the Constitution of Japan
16:
Clause specifying process for making amendments in Japan
253:
Politicians open debate on Article 96 | The Japan Times
472:Most Japanese Want Constitution Revised - WSJ.com
155:
65:
8:
514:. Liberal Democratic Party. 27 April 2012
170:
144:House of Councillors election in 2013
7:
398:Japanese Constitutional Law. 2nd ed.
204:"法律第五十一号（平一九・五・一八) 日本国憲法の改正手続に関する法律"
362:"Les révisions constitutionnelles"
233:Cabinet Office Government of Japan
14:
208:House of Representatives, Japan
183:House of Representatives, Japan
404:) p35 Yuhikaku Publishing(有斐閣)
1:
396:Hideki SHIBUTANI(渋谷秀樹)(2013)
25:is a clause in the national
23:of the Japanese Constitution
319:"The Constitution of Japan"
555:
229:"暮らしに役立つ情報 「国民投票法」って何だろう？"
93:constitutional amendments
280:August 13, 2013, at the
135:Liberal Democratic Party
117:House of Representatives
107:) of both houses of the
366:Conseil Constitutionnel
131:Prime Minister of Japan
539:Constitutions of Japan
348:July 26, 2013, at the
163:
80:
27:Constitution of Japan
113:House of Councillors
59:Text of the article
95:since WWII, and
546:
524:
523:
521:
519:
513:
505:
499:
498:
496:
495:
486:. Archived from
480:
474:
469:
463:
458:
452:
447:
441:
436:
430:
429:
427:
426:
417:. Archived from
411:
405:
394:
388:
383:
377:
376:
374:
372:
358:
352:
340:
334:
333:
331:
330:
321:. Archived from
315:
309:
308:
306:
305:
296:. Archived from
290:
284:
272:
266:
261:
255:
250:
244:
243:
241:
239:
225:
219:
218:
216:
214:
200:
194:
193:
191:
189:
175:
148:Mainichi Shimbun
50:
39:
554:
553:
549:
548:
547:
545:
544:
543:
529:
528:
527:
517:
515:
511:
507:
506:
502:
493:
491:
482:
481:
477:
470:
466:
459:
455:
448:
444:
437:
433:
424:
422:
413:
412:
408:
395:
391:
384:
380:
370:
368:
360:
359:
355:
350:Wayback Machine
341:
337:
328:
326:
317:
316:
312:
303:
301:
292:
291:
287:
282:Wayback Machine
273:
269:
262:
258:
251:
247:
237:
235:
227:
226:
222:
212:
210:
202:
201:
197:
187:
185:
177:
176:
172:
168:
159:
158:
85:
77:
74:
73:
71:
61:
44:
33:
17:
12:
11:
5:
552:
550:
542:
541:
531:
530:
526:
525:
500:
475:
464:
453:
442:
431:
406:
389:
378:
353:
335:
310:
285:
267:
256:
245:
220:
195:
169:
167:
164:
84:
81:
60:
57:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
551:
540:
537:
536:
534:
510:
504:
501:
490:on 2016-12-02
489:
485:
479:
476:
473:
468:
465:
462:
457:
454:
451:
446:
443:
440:
435:
432:
421:on 2017-05-23
420:
416:
410:
407:
403:
399:
393:
390:
387:
382:
379:
367:
363:
357:
354:
351:
347:
344:
339:
336:
325:on 2013-12-14
324:
320:
314:
311:
300:on 2018-07-01
299:
295:
289:
286:
283:
279:
276:
271:
268:
265:
260:
257:
254:
249:
246:
234:
230:
224:
221:
209:
205:
199:
196:
184:
180:
174:
171:
165:
162:
154:
151:
149:
145:
141:
136:
132:
129:, the former
128:
124:
122:
118:
114:
110:
109:National Diet
106:
105:supermajority
102:
98:
94:
91:has made six
90:
89:United States
82:
79:
69:
64:
58:
56:
54:
48:
43:
37:
32:
28:
24:
22:
516:. Retrieved
503:
492:. Retrieved
488:the original
478:
467:
456:
445:
434:
423:. Retrieved
419:the original
409:
401:
397:
392:
381:
369:. Retrieved
365:
356:
338:
327:. Retrieved
323:the original
313:
302:. Retrieved
298:the original
288:
270:
259:
248:
236:. Retrieved
232:
223:
211:. Retrieved
207:
198:
186:. Retrieved
182:
173:
156:
152:
125:
86:
67:
66:
62:
19:
18:
518:6 September
509:"日本国憲法改正草案"
140:New Komeito
101:twenty-four
45: [
34: [
494:2013-07-28
425:2013-07-28
329:2013-07-28
304:2015-11-19
238:August 22,
213:August 22,
188:August 24,
166:References
127:Shinzo Abe
111:(both the
21:Article 96
121:Article 9
99:has made
53:Article 9
533:Category
346:Archived
278:Archived
115:and the
40:and the
31:Diet Act
371:15 June
294:"日本国憲法"
402:憲法 第2版
97:France
83:Debate
512:(PDF)
179:"国会法"
68:第九十六条
49:]
38:]
520:2013
373:2016
240:2020
215:2020
190:2020
55:).
535::
364:.
231:.
206:.
181:.
47:ja
36:ja
522:.
497:.
428:.
400:(
375:.
332:.
307:.
242:.
217:.
192:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.