1086:
1571:
748:
2892:
2860:
69:
2228:
1304:
1415:
2554:
100:
2462:
80:
2842:
2637:. The city is also home to the "Factory of Bending Machinses" opened in 1912, the "Arshaluys" hosiery manufacturing enterprise established in 1926, the "Karhat" machine tools plant opened in 1959, the "Chap Chemical LLC" since 1999, the "Armtex Group" clothing factory since 2000, and the "Lentex" hosiery manufacturing plant is operating since 2001. Other industrial firms of the city include the "Aleqpol" factory for dairy products, the "Anusharan" confectionery plant, and the "Gold Plast" plant for building materials.
2743:
109:
524:
2677:
2593:
2409:
2904:
147:
1450:
89:
515:
4631:
3764:
877:
2876:
2242:
2652:, including the "ArtikTuf" form established in 1928, the "TufaBlocks Factory" founded in 1997, and the "Karastgh" stone-processing factory operating since 2005. Artik is also home to the "Vartan-Anahit LLC" for metal-plastic products, the Artik Cheese Factory, the "Eliz Group" for dairy products, the "Artik Factory for Vacuum Stoves", and the "Artik Steklomash" metal casting factory.
1195:
822:
1085:
1006:
955:
3817:
1425:
According to the 2011 official census, Shirak had a de jure population of 251,941 (121,615 men and 130,326 women), forming around 8.3% of the entire population of
Armenia. The urban population is 146,908 (58.3%) and the rural is 105,033 (41.7%). The province has 3 urban and 116 rural communities. The
896:. Other remains from the 2nd millennium BC, revealed that a civilization was founded between the 20th and 12th centuries BC. With the start of the Iron Age during the 12th century BC, relations among the various ethnic groups of Armenian Highland were developed. Soon after the establishment of the
862:
Shirak is the coldest province of
Armenia, with the air temperature sometimes reaching under -30 °C in the Shirak Plain and -46 °C on the Ashotsk Plateau. The climate is characterized by extremely cold, snowy winters and mild summers. Precipitation is abundant, with the annual precipitation level
1373:(districts) and 1 city of republican subordination within the Armenian SSR: Amasia, Ghukasyan (Ashotsk), Akhurian, Ani, Artik and the city of Leniankan. With the territorial administration reform of 1995, the 5 raions and the city of Gyumri (Leninakan) were merged to form the Shirak Province.
1410:
districts) had a population of 261,217, 147,713 or 56.55% of which was urban, distributed in the cities of Artik (25,126) and
Leninakan (122,587), and 113,504 or 43.45% were rural, distributed in the districts of Amasia (6,342), Ani (23,877), Artik (33,665), Akhuryan (38,952), and Ashotsk
2471:
The railway junction of Gyumri is the oldest and the largest one in
Armenia. It was formed in 1897 and the first railway link to Alexandropol that connected the city with Tiflis was completed in 1899. The rail line was then extended from Alexandropol to Yerevan (in 1902), Kars (in 1902),
797:
Shirak is mainly dominated by the
Ashotsk Plateau (1900 to 2100 meters height) in the north and the Shirak Plain (1400 to 1800 meters height) in the centre and south of the province. The vast plains of the province are surrounded with the Bazum and Pambak mountains from the east,
477:, which is the second largest city in Armenia. It is as much semi-desert as it is mountain meadow or high alpine. In the south, the high steppes merge into mountain terrain, being verdant green in the spring, with hues of reddish brown in the summer. The province is served by the
2616:
The industrial sector in the provincial centre Gyumri includes the production of building materials (tufa and basalt), hosiery and textile manufacturing, food processing and dairy products, alcoholic drinks, electronic machines, etc. The largest industrial plant in Gyumri is the
1570:
2891:
3519:
1294:
Shirak became one of the major centres of the
Russian troops. After the establishment of the railway station in Alexandropol in 1899, Shirak witnessed a significant growth as centre of trade and industry, becoming the most developed region within eastern Armenia.
2667:(Ashotsk Cheese Factory since 1996). The village of Akhuryan is home to the "Lusastgh-Sugar" factory (opened in 2010), the largest sugar producer in the Southern Caucasus region. The village of Shirakavan is home to the "Shirak Wine Factory" opened in 2009.
2859:
2604:. After independence, the industrial sector of the region drastically declined. Currently, the province contributes 3.5% of the annual total industrial product of Armenia. Shirak is the largest producer of building materials in Armenia, mainly
2655:
During the Soviet period, the town of
Maralik had many large industrial firms with a lights and electronics factory and 3 plants for building materials production. Currently, the only surviving plant in the town is the Maralik cotton-spinning
2564:
The economy of the province is mainly based on agriculture, including farming and cattle-breeding. It has a share of 11.6% in the annual total agricultural product of
Armenia. Around 80% (2,145.5 km) of the total area of the province are
747:
1535:
The presence of the small
Russian Orthodox community along with the Russian military base personnel in Gyumri is marked with the Saint Alexandra the Martyr's Church, Saint Michael the Archangel's Church and the church of Saint Arsenije.
2572:
The fertile Shirak plain is the largest producer of grains and potato in
Armenia. The irrigation system in the province is highly developed. 9 water reservoirs of different sizes -with a total capacity of 673,000,000 cubic metres
1426:
largest urban community is the provincial centre of Gyumri, with a population of 121,976. The other urban centres of Artik and Maralik have a population of 19,534 and 5,398 respectively. With a population of 4,838, the village of
1064:
family, who were descendants of the Kamsarakans. The Pahlavunis had a great contribution in the progress of Shirak with the foundation of many fortresses, monastic complexes, educational institutions, etc. The monasteries of
2771:
are also popular, mainly in Gyumri. Shirak is home to many former and current World, Olympic and European champions in several types of sports who competed under the flag of Soviet Union and later under the Armenian flag.
1342:
on December 3 to stop the Turkish advance towards Yerevan, however a concurrent Soviet invasion led to the fall of the Armenian government on December 2. The Turkish forces withdrew from Alexandropol after the
3505:
Thus, even today the Erzerum dialect is widely spoken in the northernmost districts of the Armenian republic as well as in the Akhalkalak (Javakheti; Javakhk) and Akhaltskha (Akhaltsikh) districts of southern
2533:. The central station of the city serves as bus terminal for inter-city transport, serving outbound routes towards the villages of Shirak, as well as major cities and towns in Armenia and neighbouring
1116:
protectorate, the Eastern Armenian territories, mainly Lori and Shirak, entered a new period of growth and stability, becoming a trade centre between the east and the west. After the Mongols captured
4548:
1147:
invaded Armenia and Georgia, and captured more than 60,000 of the survived local people as slaves. Many districts including Shirak were depopulated. In 1410, Armenia fell under the control of the
1015:
Following the partition of Armenia in 387 AD between the Byzantines and the Persians, and as a result of the fall of the Arsacid Kingdom of Armenia in 428, the region of Shirak became part of the
919:(the name that Shirak is derived from, according to many historians). According to the inscriptions, the region was home to a well developed civilization based on agriculture and cattle-breeding.
1488:
in Shirak. The number of the Catholic population in the province is around 30,000. Gyumri is home to around 20,000, while the rest are found in the surrounding rural settlements. The villages of
436:
2422:, about 5 kilometres (3.1 miles) to the southeast of the Gyumri city centre. It was inaugurated in 1961 and is the second largest airport in Armenia. It is considered an alternative hub for the
68:
2491:. The South Caucasus Railway CJSC, is the current operator of the railway sector in Armenia. The Gyumri-Yerevan railway trip has many stops in Shirak Province, including the stations of
393:
1132:. After the fall of the Ilkhanate in the mid-14th century, the Zakarid princes ruled over Lori, Shirak and Ararat plain until 1360 when they fell to the invading Turkic tribes.
2227:
1155:, although the Kara Koyunlu levied heavy taxes against the Armenians, the early years of their rule were relatively peaceful and some reconstruction of towns took place.
4541:
2449:. In order to attract more customers, the Ministry of Nature Protection made meteorological services free for all airlines flying to Gyumri, lowering ticket costs. The
1233:, there was a big influx of an Armenian population, as around 3,000 families who had migrated from territories in the Ottoman Empire - in particular from the towns of
970:
dating back to the 5th to 2nd centuries BC, are an example of the Achemenid influence in the region. By the beginning of the 5th century BC, Shirak became part of the
1529:
1225:
signed on 1 January 1813. During the period of the Russian rule, the region witnessed a swift growth and the town of Gyumri became one of the developing cities in
755:
Shirak Province is located in the north-west of Armenia and covers an area of 2,680 km (1,035 sq mi) (9% of the total area of Armenia). It borders
2433:
At the beginning of 2017, the government of Armenia focused on revitalizing the airport. Multiple new airlines began operating flights to the airport, including
4534:
2841:
2366:
1466:
1261:
863:
reaching up to 700 mm (28 in). In the northern part of the province, winters are long (7 to 8 months) and snow coverage can reach up to a meter.
2701:
900:
Kingdom of Van at the end of the 9th century BC, Shirak became part of the kingdom. Two cuneiform inscriptions have been found in Shirak left by King
680:
1362:
which devastated many parts of northern Armenia. The earthquake occurred along a known thrust fault with a length of 60 kilometers (37 mi). Its
1287:, and Shirak became an important outpost for the Imperial Russian armed forces in the Transcaucasus where their military barracks were established.
2815:
Gyumri is also famous for winter sports. The Gyumri school of winter sports, renovated in 2015–16, is named after Ludvig Mnatsakanyan. The area of
1414:
1280:, experiencing rapid growth during its first decade. The Alexandropol Uyezd included the northern Armenian territories of Shirak, Lori and Tavush.
1358:. Leninakan was the second largest city, after the capital Yerevan. However, Shirak, and particularly Leninakan, suffered major damage during the
1322:
was proclaimed on 28 May 1918, which included Shirak. On 10 May 1920, the local Bolshevik Armenians aided by the Muslim population, attempted a
2705:
1303:
1037:
In 658 AD, during the height of the Arab Islamic invasions, Shirak -along with the rest of the Armenian territories- was conquered during the
2709:
1525:
2553:
2461:
1060:
of Shirak became the capital of the kingdom in 961. By the second half of the 10th century, Shirak was under the influence of the Armenian
3346:
The Armenian People From Ancient to Modern Times, Volume II: Foreign Dominion to Statehood: The Fifteenth Century to the Twentieth Century
588:
478:
448:
283:
252:
54:
2712:, Yerevan State Academy of Fine Arts, Yerevan State Institute of Theatre and Cinematography, European Regional Educational Academy and
1260:
arrived in Shirak and re-founded the city of Gyumri as Alexandropol. The name was chosen in honour of Tsar Nicholas I's wife, Princess
1179:, a new administrative territory of Iran formed by the Safavids. During the first half of the 18th century, Kumayri became part of the
160:
3421:
2360:
1355:
3344:
Kouymjian, Dickran (1997), "Armenia from the Fall of the Cilician Kingdom (1375) to the Forced Migration under Shah Abbas (1604)" in
2989:
3498:
3370:
3357:
3123:
1327:
1276:
fortress was built in Alexandropol in 1837. The city was completely rebuilt by 1840 to become the centre of the newly established
3752:
3206:
3060:
719:), a North Caucasian people who may have settled in Shirak and given it its name. According to another view, Shirak derives from
3177:
1291:
1230:
1206:
99:
2423:
3380:
2727:
2713:
983:
698:
3142:
3720:
1524:
has around 1,500 Catholics (30% of village's population). As of 2016, Shirak is home to 9 catholic operating churches. The
4675:
1218:
673:
146:
3730:
2824:
2723:
2235:
1023:
523:
2540:
The M-7 Motorway passes across the province from east to west, connecting the city of Gyumri with the rest of Armenia.
79:
2453:
also participated in helping revitalize the airport by adding interior design details to improve the airport's look.
2527:
Public transport is available in the provincial centre Gyumri. It is mainly served by public vans, locally-known as
1338:, Turkish troops again attacked Shirak and occupied Alexandropol on 7 November 1920. Armenia was forced to sign the
3271:
2820:
994:
2875:
709:, the legendary patriarch and founder of the Armenian nation. Modern scholars connect Shirak with the name of the
3413:
1551:
1458:
1319:
1038:
2903:
4670:
2948:
2923:
2450:
1485:
1359:
1308:
666:
192:
3584:
3436:
3240:
2659:
Factories for dairy products are also found in Shirak, with the largest two firms located in the villages of
1558:
from Armenia, Shirak also had an Azerbaijani minority population, almost entirely concentrated in the former
2851:
2809:
2780:
2688:
1269:
836:
835:
at the northwest of Shirak is the only lake of the province. The area is protected by the government as the
581:
381:
347:
31:
942:
passed through the territories of Shirak during his return to the Black Sea, a journey immortalized in his
3349:
2484:
2465:
1339:
1277:
3725:
3695:
3825:
2787:
were the second football club in Gyumri, but they were dissolved in 2002 due to financial difficulties.
2768:
2742:
2731:
2334:
2245:
1819:
1105:
invaders in 1064, the region entered an era of decline in all social, educational and cultural aspects.
1070:
1031:
1403:
1407:
1049:. However, the Kamsarakan family continued to rule the region under the Arab Islamic rule of Armenia.
108:
4619:
4589:
4557:
4387:
4003:
3745:
2752:
2089:
1965:
1387:
1335:
1257:
901:
736:
642:
612:
442:
3297:
1399:
4574:
4249:
4184:
4013:
3606:
3486:
2805:
2746:
2496:
2354:
2347:
2203:
In recent years, many rural settlements in Shirak have become abandoned, including the villages of
1972:
1812:
1760:
1540:
1350:
Under the Bolsheviks, Alexandropol was renamed Leninakan in 1924, after the deceased Soviet leader
1334:
was suppressed by the Armenian government on May 14 and its leaders were executed. However, during
1250:
1090:
1074:
1009:
943:
760:
597:
462:
122:
1395:
4460:
4367:
4259:
4229:
2664:
2473:
2308:
2151:
1800:
1703:
1578:
Following the administrative reform of 2021, Shirak Province is divided into six municipalities:
1544:
1315:
1284:
1222:
1113:
1066:
971:
776:
574:
531:
118:
2592:
2577:
10 cu ft) are able to irrigate around 300 km (116 sq mi) of farmlands.
888:
valley dating back to around 9000 BC. The territory of Shirak has been settled since the early
420:
4430:
4337:
4312:
4307:
4277:
3873:
3494:
3417:
3376:
3353:
3219:] (in Armenian). Vol. 4. Yerevan State University Publishing House. pp. 132–133.
3119:
2938:
2676:
2534:
2492:
2127:
1861:
1687:
1671:
1647:
1639:
1462:
1323:
1246:
1242:
1152:
1046:
963:
892:. At the higher areas that are above 2000 meters, many remains have been found from the early
784:
702:
545:
470:
429:
415:
130:
4584:
4357:
4317:
4272:
4219:
4156:
3973:
3903:
3838:
3788:
3109:
3087:
2933:
2928:
2866:
2684:
Gyumri is the main educational centre of the province. The city is home to 3 universities:
2442:
2438:
2322:
2204:
1941:
1885:
1837:
1788:
1726:
1695:
1651:
1474:
1438:
1184:
1077:
and Horomos were among the prominent religious and educational centres of medieval Armenia.
1053:
885:
768:
607:
560:
555:
550:
126:
3113:
3098:] (in Armenian) (4th ed.). Yerevan State University Publishing House. p. 124.
2408:
1449:
934:), which bears a phonetic resemblance to the word used by ancient Armenian in reference to
4614:
4609:
4594:
4579:
4287:
4234:
3988:
3738:
2978:
1953:
1792:
1663:
1559:
1391:
1168:
1164:
1109:
1016:
975:
799:
637:
632:
617:
602:
3073:] (in Armenian). Vol. 4. Yerevan State University Publishing House. p. 130.
790:
Historically, the current territory of the province mainly occupies the Shirak canton of
4475:
4342:
4302:
4126:
4031:
4026:
3928:
3893:
3868:
3853:
3848:
2419:
2412:
2163:
2026:
2010:
1981:
1905:
1877:
1857:
1845:
1841:
1715:
1667:
1513:
1489:
1363:
1351:
1344:
1214:
1180:
1121:
1056:
in 885, Shirak entered a new era of growth and progress, particularly when the city of
825:
807:
3639:
1457:
The majority of the Shirak Province population are ethnic Armenians who belong to the
4664:
4599:
4282:
3953:
3933:
3562:
3205:
Hakobyan, Tadevos Kh.; Melik-Bakhshyan, Stepan T.; Barseghyan, Hovhannes Kh. (1998).
3166:
3059:
Hakobyan, Tadevos Kh.; Melik-Bakhshyan, Stepan T.; Barseghyan, Hovhannes Kh. (1998).
2812:. The towns of Artik and Maralik have a football stadium each with minor capacities.
2763:
are the most popular sports in the province. However, other Olympic sports including
2504:
2258:
1925:
1909:
1748:
1643:
1434:
1226:
1188:
1129:
1102:
811:
803:
764:
756:
622:
458:
364:
306:
3461:
3115:
The Geography of Ananias of Širak (Ašxarhac῾oyc῾): The Long and the Short Recensions
3014:
2580:
Shirak is the first among the Armenian provinces in cattle breeding. There are also
88:
17:
4470:
4455:
4352:
4327:
3888:
3678:
2790:
2601:
2581:
2159:
2147:
1873:
1719:
1675:
1555:
1509:
1331:
1148:
780:
540:
335:
204:
3167:"Socio-economic Characteristics of Marzes and Yerevan City of the RA: Shirak Marz"
831:
The Akhurian River with its reservoir is the main water resource in the province.
3152:
1562:, where, in 1972, Azerbaijanis constituted 70% of a population of 19,724 people.
4515:
4510:
4465:
4332:
4244:
4199:
3993:
3978:
2566:
2195:
2191:
2155:
1957:
1945:
1808:
1772:
1683:
1140:
876:
3034:
2241:
1347:
was signed in October 1921 by the unrecognized Soviet and Turkish governments.
4505:
4500:
4450:
4322:
4297:
4189:
4106:
3898:
3405:
2979:"Permanent Population Figures of the Republic of Armenia as of 1 January 2023"
2784:
2756:
2645:
2622:
2529:
2434:
2328:
2262:
2187:
2183:
2143:
2018:
1881:
1764:
1679:
1659:
1194:
1136:
990:
935:
923:
893:
705:
writes that the name Shirak derives from Shara, who was the great-grandson of
3015:"Համախառն ներքին արդյունքն (ՀՆԱ) ըստ ՀՀ մարզերի եւ Երեւան քաղաքի 2015-2017թթ"
2801:, had also represented the province in the football competitions of Armenia.
457:. It is located in the north-west of the country, bordering the provinces of
175:
162:
4480:
4440:
4435:
4420:
4415:
4405:
4347:
4267:
4209:
4204:
4131:
4071:
4056:
4046:
3998:
3983:
3968:
3943:
3923:
2847:
2776:
2764:
2557:
2500:
2341:
2167:
2135:
2131:
2119:
2115:
2107:
2074:
2050:
2038:
1986:
1961:
1949:
1937:
1917:
1901:
1780:
1776:
1691:
1631:
1505:
1501:
1461:. The northern and middle parts of Shirak are under the jurisdiction of the
1125:
1098:
1061:
889:
851:
832:
821:
371:
330:
3537:
2600:
During the Soviet period, the region was a major industrial hub within the
1005:
3372:
Immortal, Updated Edition: A Military History of Iran and Its Armed Forces
2966:
731:, which is the name given to the region in a cuneiform inscription of the
4425:
4377:
4372:
4292:
4194:
4179:
4174:
4146:
4141:
4121:
4051:
4021:
3878:
3858:
3843:
2794:
2512:
2446:
2295:
2282:
2231:
2123:
2070:
2062:
2058:
2030:
1990:
1865:
1849:
1828:
1768:
1756:
1752:
1711:
1707:
1655:
1635:
1198:
1172:
1042:
1027:
967:
939:
565:
359:
226:
134:
3627:
3275:
954:
4646:
4630:
4526:
4495:
4490:
4485:
4400:
4362:
4239:
4169:
4136:
4116:
4111:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4081:
4076:
4061:
4041:
3958:
3833:
3806:
2816:
2516:
2427:
2216:
2212:
2179:
2175:
2171:
2098:
2082:
2078:
2066:
2042:
2034:
2022:
2014:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1929:
1833:
1804:
1740:
1735:
1699:
1517:
1238:
979:
791:
710:
694:
653:
514:
502:
454:
339:
197:
1366:
was parallel to the Caucasus range and dipped to the north-northeast.
4445:
4395:
4224:
4086:
4036:
3963:
3948:
3913:
3863:
3801:
3780:
3462:"Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей"
2943:
2660:
2649:
2609:
2488:
2477:
2395:
weekly, published in Gyumri, is a notable local newspaper of Shirak.
2273:
2266:
2208:
2139:
2103:
2054:
2006:
1933:
1921:
1893:
1853:
1796:
1610:
1521:
1493:
1470:
1427:
1418:
1273:
1202:
912:
897:
847:
815:
772:
732:
714:
482:
474:
466:
213:
962:
By the second half of the 6th century BC, Shirak became part of the
1477:
headed by Vardapet Narek Avagyan of the Saint Gregory Cathedral in
693:
Shirak Province is named after the Shirak canton of the historical
4410:
4214:
4164:
4066:
3918:
3908:
3816:
3796:
3715:
3323:
3235:[General information: Shirak Province - historical data].
3230:
2909:
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2675:
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2407:
2315:
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2226:
2111:
2046:
1897:
1889:
1784:
1744:
1626:
1569:
1497:
1478:
1448:
1413:
1370:
1302:
1144:
1084:
1004:
953:
875:
820:
746:
1221:. The region became officially part of the Russian Empire at the
1041:, as it was part of Persian-ruled Armenia. It became part of the
3938:
3883:
2644:
stones. It is home to many stone-processing plants that produce
2641:
2605:
1913:
1869:
1234:
843:
706:
4530:
3734:
312:
1390:, the districts that would later make up Shirak Province (the
1117:
1057:
966:. The remains of a royal settlement found near the village of
1433:
The dialect of Armenian spoken in Shirak is a variant of the
1175:. Soon after in 1502, Shirak became part of the newly formed
1151:
Shia Oghuz Turkic tribe. According to the Armenian historian
3301:
2719:
As of the 2015-16 educational year, Shirak had 167 schools.
2234:
of the 4th-5th centuries, is one of the earliest samples of
1520:
have a majority of Armenian Catholics, while the village of
1205:, built during the 1830s by the Russians in response to the
1167:
territories including Shirak were conquered by the emerging
978:. Later in 331 BC, the entire territory was included in the
3410:
Earthquakes: 2006 Centennial Update – The 1906 Big One
3118:. Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag. pp. 214–215.
2897:
The remains of Makaravank Church of Pemzashen, 10th century
1473:, while the southern part is under the jurisdiction of the
1369:
From 1930 until 1995, modern-day Shirak was divided into 5
1318:
of 1917 and the Russian withdrawal from Transcaucasia, the
3232:Ընդհանուր տեղեկություններ․ Շիրակի մարզ - պատմական տվյալներ
3217:
Dictionary of Toponymy of Armenia and Adjacent Territories
3071:
Dictionary of Toponymy of Armenia and Adjacent Territories
2621:
Brewery opened in 1972. The factory produces a variety of
2480:. As a result, Alexandropol became an important rail hub.
403:
2385:
Shirak Public TV, based in Gyumri, operating since 1992.
3656:
3522:[Amasia District]. In Hambardzumyan, V. (ed.).
1217:
took control of Shirak region at the beginning of the
1022:
However, Shirak is home to many early examples of the
884:
Many ancient human settlements have been found in the
726:
720:
446:
1354:. Shirak became a major industrial region within the
989:
During the 1st century AD, Shirak was granted to the
3716:
Shirak guide with detailed descriptions, by Rick Ney
3035:"Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab"
2279:
Kumayri historic district of the early 19th century,
1143:
tribe took over Armenia, including Shirak. In 1400,
4639:
4564:
4386:
4258:
4155:
4012:
3824:
3787:
3375:pp 43. Georgetown University Press, 8 January 2014
1283:In 1849, the Alexandropol Uyezd became part of the
915:, where he wrote about the invasion of the land of
399:
380:
370:
358:
346:
329:
319:
302:
297:
289:
279:
271:
263:
258:
248:
240:
235:
224:
219:
203:
191:
42:
3493:. Costa Mesa, California: Mazda Publ. p. 48.
3213:Հայաստանի և հարակից շրջանների տեղանունների բառարան
3067:Հայաստանի և հարակից շրջանների տեղանունների բառարան
2689:Shirak State University named after M. Nalbandian
2569:, out of which 36.7% (787 km) are ploughed.
1532:headed by Archbishop Raphaël François Minassian.
802:and Yeghnakhagh mountains from the north and the
465:to the south and southeast, and the countries of
3696:"The Armenian Church - Մայր Աթոռ Սուրբ Էջմիածին"
3174:Statistical Committee of the Republic of Armenia
2986:Statistical Committee of the Republic of Armenia
2382:Tsayg TV, based in Gyumri, operating since 1991.
2804:The largest sport venue of the province is the
2388:Gala TV, based in Gyumri, operating since 2005.
1530:Armenian Catholic Ordinariate of Eastern Europe
1081:Seljuk period, Zakarid Armenia and Turkmen rule
2584:ponds near Gyumri and many rural communities.
2437:, a new Armenian airline based in Gyumri, and
1307:Severe damage in Leninakan as a result of the
1026:dating back to the 5th century, including the
958:Orontid settlement of the 5th-2nd centuries BC
926:conquered the region and probably founded the
473:to the north. Its capital and largest city is
4542:
3746:
1430:is the largest rural municipality of Shirak.
1135:By the last quarter of the 14th century, the
674:
8:
1030:, the Saint Mariné Church of Artik, and the
950:Achaemenids and the ancient Armenian Kingdom
2797:(dissolved in 1993), both from the town of
2367:Cathedral of the Holy Mother of God, Gyumri
4549:
4535:
4527:
3753:
3739:
3731:
3200:
3198:
2702:National Polytechnic University of Armenia
1580:
1465:headed by Bishop Mikayel Ajapahyan of the
1251:journey to the Caucasus and eastern Turkey
681:
667:
492:
39:
3147:[History of the land of Shirak].
2730:has been operating since 1881 within the
1128:, and the Zakarids became vassals to the
1001:Sasanians and Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia
2823:hosting an international tournament for
2741:
1574:Shirak Province administration in Gyumri
1193:
993:family, who ruled the region during the
701:. The early medieval Armenian historian
3261:Shirak Marz: page 3 of 35 – TourArmenia
3137:
3135:
2959:
2834:
1245:- settled in Shirak. The Russian poet
1108:However, with the establishment of the
810:at the east, separates Shirak from the
587:
580:
573:
530:
500:
398:
379:
369:
345:
328:
296:
257:
234:
218:
202:
190:
155:
143:
60:
3437:"Legislation: National Assembly of RA"
3352:, New York: St. Martin's Press, p. 4.
2706:Armenian State University of Economics
2696:Imastaser Anania Shirakatsi University
2487:operates regular trips to Yerevan and
2418:Shirak is served by the international
3298:"#1 Internet Site for Gyumri Armenia"
1453:Saint Arsenije Russian Church, Gyumri
872:Classical antiquity and Urartu period
428:
357:
318:
301:
288:
278:
270:
262:
247:
244:2,680 km (1,030 sq mi)
239:
223:
7:
3183:from the original on 9 February 2023
3082:
3080:
2663:(Igit Dairy Factory since 1993) and
2640:The town of Artik is famous for its
2378:Shirak is home to many TV stations:
3518:Hovesyan, R.; Bayramov, M. (1975).
3393:Armenia on the Road to Independence
3096:The Historical Geography of Armenia
3092:Հայաստանի պատմական աշխարհագրություն
2253:Fortresses and archaeological sites
1484:There is a significant minority of
1467:Cathedral of the Holy Mother of God
1229:. In 1829, in the aftermath of the
2724:Turpanjian Theological High School
2710:Yerevan Komitas State Conservatory
2361:Church of the Holy Saviour, Gyumri
1356:Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic
25:
2995:from the original on 14 June 2023
2808:. Gyumri is also home to the FFA
2680:The Progress University in Gyumri
2445:and a wholly owned subsidiary of
1097:After the fall of Armenia to the
151:Location of Shirak within Armenia
4629:
3815:
3762:
3300:. Gyumritown.com. Archived from
3243:from the original on 9 June 2023
2902:
2890:
2874:
2858:
2840:
656: (city with special status)
522:
513:
145:
107:
98:
87:
78:
67:
2775:The city is represented by the
2424:Zvartnots International Airport
2353:Saint Paul and Peter Church of
1120:in 1236, Armenia turned into a
1110:Zakarid Principality of Armenia
1093:, flourished under the Zakarids
1089:Saint Paul and Peter Church of
906:
880:Vahramaberd fortress, 8th c. BC
2967:Shirak population, 2011 census
2728:Mother See of Holy Etchmiadzin
2714:Haybusak University of Yerevan
2276:era dating back to 730-714 BC,
1264:, who had changed her name to
1249:visited the region during his
1219:Russo-Persian War of 1804–1813
986:as part of the Shirak canton.
117:From the top to bottom-right:
1:
1554:in 1988 and the departure of
1550:Prior to the outbreak of the
1528:in Gyumri is the seat of the
1526:Cathedral of the Holy Martyrs
909: 786 – 764 BC
794:province of Ancient Armenia.
3538:"Շիրակի մարզպետի աշխատակազմ"
3524:Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia
3324:"The Turco-Mongol Invasions"
2734:monastic complex in Shirak.
2272:Vahramaberd Fortress of the
2236:Armenian church architecture
1326:in Alexandropol against the
1292:Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78
1024:Armenian church architecture
727:
721:
715:
479:Shirak International Airport
1330:government of Armenia. The
1201:or the Black Fortress near
1054:Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia
447:
272: • Estimate
4692:
3640:"Armstat: Shirak Province"
2331:Church of the 7th century,
1445:Ethnic groups and religion
995:Arsacid Kingdom of Armenia
938:. Historians believe that
29:
4626:
3813:
3775:
3721:Shirak Marz Tourist Guide
3679:"Shirak Province schools"
3414:W. H. Freeman and Company
3144:Շիրակ Աշխարհի Պատմություն
1552:Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
1459:Armenian Apostolic Church
1320:First Republic of Armenia
1101:in 1045 and later to the
1052:By the foundation of the
1039:Muslim conquest of Persia
419:
156:
144:
61:
52:
4640:City with special status
3231:
3212:
3207:
3143:
3091:
3066:
3061:
2949:Gyumri Technology Center
2924:1988 Armenian earthquake
2793:(dissolved in 1995) and
2716:also operate in Gyumri.
2451:Gyumri Technology Center
2290:Churches and monasteries
1566:Administrative divisions
1360:1988 Armenian earthquake
1336:another Turkish invasion
1159:Iranian and Russian rule
984:Ancient Armenian Kingdom
589:Administrative divisions
46:
2781:Armenian Premier League
2318:, 6th-7th th-centuries,
2301:Saint Marine Church of
837:Lake Arpi National Park
426:Armenian pronunciation:
320: • Per capita
32:Shirak (disambiguation)
3726:Shirak Regional Museum
3700:www.armenianchurch.org
3491:Armenian Karin/Erzerum
3350:Richard G. Hovannisian
3149:Shirak Regional Museum
2749:
2681:
2597:
2561:
2485:Gyumri Railway Station
2468:
2466:Gyumri Railway Station
2415:
2357:, 10th-13th centuries,
2314:Surb Gevorg Church of
2285:fortress of the 1840s.
2249:
2238:
1575:
1454:
1422:
1340:Treaty of Alexandropol
1311:
1210:
1183:under the rule of the
1094:
1012:
974:under the rule of the
959:
881:
828:
752:
293:94/km (240/sq mi)
3826:Akhuryan Municipality
3039:hdi.globaldatalab.org
2745:
2679:
2595:
2556:
2523:Public vans and taxis
2464:
2411:
2340:Makaravank Church of
2335:Harichavank Monastery
2246:Harichavank Monastery
2244:
2230:
1820:Akhuryan Municipality
1573:
1539:The small village of
1452:
1437:, closely related to
1417:
1306:
1270:Orthodox Christianity
1197:
1163:In 1501, most of the
1088:
1008:
957:
879:
824:
750:
4676:Provinces of Armenia
4558:Provinces of Armenia
4388:Ashotsk Municipality
3487:Hovannisian, Richard
2825:cross-country skiing
2350:of the 10th century,
2344:of the 10th century,
2298:, 4th-5th centuries,
2090:Ashotsk Municipality
1603:Gyumri Municipality
1268:after converting to
1266:Alexandra Fyodorovna
1262:Charlotte of Prussia
1187:and later under the
1171:of Iran led by Shah
922:in 720 BC, the
842:Shirak is rich with
775:to the west and the
290: • Density
127:Akhuryan River Gorge
30:For other uses, see
18:Ashotsk Municipality
4014:Amasia Municipality
3304:on 17 December 2014
3155:on 1 November 2022.
2806:Gyumri City Stadium
2747:Gyumri City Stadium
2693:Progress University
2441:which is a Russian
2348:Marmashen Monastery
2337:of the 8th century,
2325:of the 7th century,
2311:of the 5th century,
2305:of the 5th century,
1973:Amasia Municipality
1619:Artik Municipality
1122:Mongol protectorate
1010:Marmashen Monastery
761:Aragatsotn Province
496:Part of a series on
172: /
123:Marmashen Monastery
37:Province in Armenia
27:Province of Armenia
4260:Artik Municipality
3416:, pp. 65–67,
3412:(Fifth ed.),
3278:on 6 November 2012
3272:"Kumayri infosite"
2988:. 1 January 2023.
2865:Tiravor Church in
2750:
2682:
2598:
2596:The Gyumri Brewery
2562:
2469:
2416:
2404:Air transportation
2321:Tiravor Church of
2309:Hogevank Monastery
2250:
2239:
1598:Included villages
1576:
1486:Armenian Catholics
1455:
1423:
1388:1989 Soviet census
1316:October Revolution
1312:
1285:Erivan Governorate
1278:Alexandropol Uyezd
1223:Treaty of Gulistan
1213:In June 1804, the
1211:
1112:in 1201 under the
1095:
1043:Emirate of Armenia
1032:Hokevank Monastery
1013:
972:Satrapy of Armenia
960:
882:
829:
777:Samtskhe-Javakheti
763:to the south, the
753:
303: • Total
264: • Total
241: • Total
119:Akhurian Reservoir
4658:
4657:
4651:
4524:
4523:
3789:Urban settlements
3441:www.parliament.am
3110:Hewsen, Robert H.
2939:Frunzik Mkrtchyan
2625:under the brands
2296:Yererouk Basilica
2232:Yererouk Basilica
2201:
2200:
1463:Diocese of Shirak
1386:According to the
1247:Alexander Pushkin
1231:Russo-Turkish War
1207:Russo-Turkish War
1177:Erivan Beglarbegi
1153:Thomas of Metsoph
1047:Umayyad Caliphate
964:Achaemenid Empire
703:Movses Khorenatsi
691:
690:
409:
408:
280: • Rank
249: • Rank
176:40.833°N 43.917°E
16:(Redirected from
4683:
4649:
4634:
4633:
4568:
4551:
4544:
4537:
4528:
4157:Ani Municipality
3839:Akhuryan kayaran
3819:
3767:
3766:
3765:
3755:
3748:
3741:
3732:
3704:
3703:
3692:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3675:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3664:
3653:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3636:
3630:
3625:
3619:
3618:
3616:
3614:
3603:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3592:
3581:
3575:
3574:
3572:
3570:
3559:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3548:
3534:
3528:
3527:
3520:"Ամասիայի շրջան"
3515:
3509:
3508:
3483:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3466:www.demoscope.ru
3458:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3447:
3433:
3427:
3426:
3402:
3396:
3389:
3383:
3369:Steven R. Ward.
3367:
3361:
3342:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3331:
3326:. Rbedrosian.com
3320:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3309:
3294:
3288:
3287:
3285:
3283:
3274:. Archived from
3268:
3262:
3259:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3248:
3227:
3221:
3220:
3202:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3188:
3182:
3171:
3163:
3157:
3156:
3151:. Archived from
3139:
3130:
3129:
3106:
3100:
3099:
3088:Hakobyan, T. Kh.
3084:
3075:
3074:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3045:
3031:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3011:
3005:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2994:
2983:
2975:
2969:
2964:
2934:Hovhannes Shiraz
2929:Avetik Isahakyan
2906:
2894:
2881:Lmbatavank near
2878:
2862:
2844:
2810:Football Academy
2700:Branches of the
2576:
2560:fields in Shirak
2483:As of 2017, the
2443:low-cost airline
2205:Akhuryan Kayaran
1838:Akhuryan Kayaran
1727:Ani Municipality
1581:
1475:Diocese of Artik
1439:Western Armenian
1256:In 1837 Russian
1185:Afsharid dynasty
1165:Eastern Armenian
1099:Byzantine Empire
930:settlement (now
910:
908:
806:from the south.
730:
724:
718:
683:
676:
669:
526:
521:
518:
517:
493:
469:to the west and
461:to the east and
452:
440:
439:
438:
432:
430:[ʃiˈɾɑk]
427:
423:
404:Official website
391:
231:Mushegh Muradyan
210:
209:and largest city
187:
186:
184:
183:
182:
177:
173:
170:
169:
168:
165:
149:
131:Gyumri City Hall
111:
102:
91:
82:
71:
40:
21:
4691:
4690:
4686:
4685:
4684:
4682:
4681:
4680:
4671:Shirak Province
4661:
4660:
4659:
4654:
4635:
4628:
4624:
4566:
4560:
4555:
4525:
4520:
4382:
4254:
4151:
4008:
3820:
3811:
3783:
3771:
3769:Shirak Province
3763:
3761:
3759:
3712:
3707:
3694:
3693:
3689:
3681:
3677:
3676:
3672:
3662:
3660:
3659:. Gyumribeer.am
3655:
3654:
3650:
3642:
3638:
3637:
3633:
3626:
3622:
3612:
3610:
3605:
3604:
3600:
3590:
3588:
3583:
3582:
3578:
3568:
3566:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3546:
3544:
3536:
3535:
3531:
3517:
3516:
3512:
3501:
3485:
3484:
3480:
3470:
3468:
3460:
3459:
3455:
3445:
3443:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3424:
3408:(August 2005),
3404:
3403:
3399:
3390:
3386:
3368:
3364:
3343:
3339:
3329:
3327:
3322:
3321:
3317:
3307:
3305:
3296:
3295:
3291:
3281:
3279:
3270:
3269:
3265:
3260:
3256:
3246:
3244:
3233:
3229:
3228:
3224:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3203:
3196:
3186:
3184:
3180:
3169:
3165:
3164:
3160:
3145:
3141:
3140:
3133:
3126:
3108:
3107:
3103:
3093:
3086:
3085:
3078:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3057:
3053:
3043:
3041:
3033:
3032:
3028:
3017:
3013:
3012:
3008:
2998:
2996:
2992:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2920:
2913:
2907:
2898:
2895:
2886:
2879:
2870:
2863:
2854:
2845:
2833:
2740:
2674:
2590:
2574:
2551:
2546:
2525:
2476:(in 1906), and
2459:
2406:
2401:
2376:
2292:
2255:
2225:
1591:
1568:
1560:Amasia District
1447:
1384:
1379:
1309:1988 earthquake
1301:
1258:Tsar Nicholas I
1169:Safavid dynasty
1161:
1124:as part of the
1083:
1017:Sasanian Empire
1003:
952:
905:
874:
869:
860:
800:Javakheti Range
745:
699:Ancient Armenia
687:
519:
512:
506:
491:
435:
434:
433:
425:
389:
388:
354:
324:
310:
309:238.001 billion
208:
207:
180:
178:
174:
171:
166:
163:
161:
159:
158:
152:
140:
139:
138:
137:
114:
113:
112:
104:
103:
94:
93:
92:
84:
83:
74:
73:
72:
57:
48:
45:
38:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4689:
4687:
4679:
4678:
4673:
4663:
4662:
4656:
4655:
4653:
4652:
4643:
4641:
4637:
4636:
4627:
4625:
4623:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4571:
4569:
4562:
4561:
4556:
4554:
4553:
4546:
4539:
4531:
4522:
4521:
4519:
4518:
4513:
4508:
4503:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4423:
4418:
4413:
4408:
4403:
4398:
4392:
4390:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4264:
4262:
4256:
4255:
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3710:External links
3708:
3706:
3705:
3687:
3670:
3648:
3631:
3620:
3598:
3576:
3554:
3542:shirak.mtad.am
3529:
3526:. Vol. 1.
3510:
3499:
3489:, ed. (2003).
3478:
3453:
3428:
3423:978-0716775485
3422:
3397:
3384:
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3337:
3315:
3289:
3263:
3254:
3237:shirak.mtad.am
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2420:Shirak Airport
2413:Shirak Airport
2405:
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2399:Transportation
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1543:has around 30
1446:
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1383:
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1378:
1375:
1352:Vladimir Lenin
1345:Treaty of Kars
1300:
1297:
1215:Russian Empire
1181:Erivan Khanate
1160:
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1002:
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951:
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873:
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826:Akhurian River
808:Akhurian River
787:to the north.
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3658:
3657:"GYUMRI BEER"
3652:
3649:
3641:
3635:
3632:
3629:
3628:About company
3624:
3621:
3609:. panorama.am
3608:
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3500:9781568591513
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3401:
3398:
3394:
3391:Hovannisian.
3388:
3385:
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3374:
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3366:
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3358:1-4039-6422-X
3355:
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3125:3-88226-485-3
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2885:, 7th century
2884:
2877:
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2869:, 7th century
2868:
2861:
2856:
2853:
2852:National park
2849:
2843:
2838:
2835:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2819:has a modern
2818:
2813:
2811:
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2786:
2783:competition.
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2769:weightlifting
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2635:Aleksandrapol
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2505:Aghin kayaran
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2259:Horom Citadel
2257:
2256:
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2248:, 8th century
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771:provinces of
770:
766:
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759:to the east,
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757:Lori Province
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417:
413:
405:
402:
395:
386:
383:
375:
373:
366:
363:
361:
360:ISO 3166 code
351:
349:
341:
337:
334:
332:
322:
314:
308:
305:
292:
285:
282:
274:
266:
254:
251:
243:
230:
228:
225: •
215:
212:
206:
199:
196:
194:
185:
157:Coordinates:
148:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
110:
101:
90:
81:
70:
56:
51:
41:
33:
19:
4604:
4471:Pokr Sepasar
4456:Mets Sepasar
4353:Pokr Mantash
4328:Mets Mantash
3889:Gharibjanyan
3777:
3768:
3699:
3690:
3673:
3661:. Retrieved
3651:
3634:
3623:
3611:. Retrieved
3601:
3589:. Retrieved
3579:
3567:. Retrieved
3565:. Armats.com
3557:
3545:. Retrieved
3541:
3532:
3523:
3513:
3504:
3490:
3481:
3469:. Retrieved
3465:
3456:
3444:. Retrieved
3440:
3431:
3409:
3400:
3392:
3387:
3371:
3365:
3345:
3340:
3328:. Retrieved
3318:
3306:. Retrieved
3302:the original
3292:
3280:. Retrieved
3276:the original
3266:
3257:
3245:. Retrieved
3236:
3225:
3216:
3185:. Retrieved
3173:
3161:
3153:the original
3148:
3114:
3104:
3095:
3070:
3054:
3044:13 September
3042:. Retrieved
3038:
3029:
3021:
3009:
2997:. Retrieved
2985:
2973:
2962:
2821:skiing trail
2814:
2803:
2791:FC Tufagorts
2789:
2774:
2751:
2721:
2718:
2699:
2683:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2618:
2602:Armenian SSR
2599:
2582:fish farming
2579:
2571:
2567:arable lands
2563:
2539:
2528:
2526:
2482:
2470:
2432:
2417:
2392:
2391:
2377:
2202:
2160:Pokr Sepasar
2148:Mets Sepasar
1874:Gharibjanyan
1720:Pokr Mantash
1676:Mets Mantash
1592:(2017 est.)
1577:
1556:Azerbaijanis
1549:
1538:
1534:
1510:Mets Sepasar
1483:
1456:
1432:
1424:
1385:
1377:Demographics
1368:
1349:
1313:
1299:20th century
1289:
1282:
1265:
1255:
1212:
1209:of 1828–1829
1176:
1162:
1149:Kara Koyunlu
1141:Oghuz Turkic
1134:
1107:
1096:
1051:
1036:
1021:
1014:
988:
982:province of
961:
931:
927:
921:
916:
883:
861:
841:
830:
804:Aragats mass
796:
789:
781:Kvemo Kartli
754:
751:Shirak Plain
697:province of
692:
627:
582:Demographics
501:
411:
410:
325:(US$ 2,079)
323:֏ 1,002,954
315:493 million)
4620:Vayots Dzor
4590:Gegharkunik
4516:Zuygaghbyur
4511:Vardaghbyur
4466:Pokr Sariar
4333:Nahapetakan
4245:Sarnaghbyur
4200:Gusanagyugh
4185:Bardzrashen
4004:Yerazgavors
3994:Vahramaberd
3979:Mets Sariar
3663:15 December
3569:15 December
3471:10 February
3446:11 February
3406:Bolt, Bruce
3308:15 December
3208:Շիրակի մարզ
2732:Harichavank
2648:, tufa and
2619:Gyumri-Beer
2608:stones and
2549:Agriculture
2355:Bardzrashen
2196:Zuygaghbyur
2192:Vardaghbyur
2156:Pokr Sariar
1966:Yerazgavors
1958:Vahramaberd
1946:Mets Sariar
1809:Sarnaghbyur
1773:Gusanagyugh
1761:Bardzrashen
1684:Nahapetavan
1547:residents.
1324:coup d'état
1290:During the
1243:Doğubeyazıt
1191:of Persia.
1091:Bardzrashen
1071:Harichavank
1019:of Persia.
783:regions of
643:Vayots Dzor
613:Gegharkunik
348:Postal code
179: /
4665:Categories
4575:Aragatsotn
4565:Provinces
4506:Tsoghamarg
4501:Torosgyugh
4461:Musayelyan
4451:Lernagyugh
4368:Spandaryan
4323:Meghrashen
4298:Hayrenyats
4250:Shirakavan
4230:Lusaghbyur
4190:Dzithankov
4107:Meghrashat
3899:Hatsikavan
3607:"panorama"
3381:1626160325
3022:armstat.am
2955:References
2785:Aragats FC
2757:basketball
2665:Musayelyan
2646:travertine
2623:lager beer
2530:marshrutka
2497:Shirakavan
2435:Taron Avia
2329:Lmbatavank
2263:Bronze Age
2188:Tsoghamarg
2184:Torosgyugh
2152:Musayelyan
2144:Lernagyugh
2019:Meghrashat
1882:Hatsikavan
1813:Shirakavan
1801:Lusaghbyur
1765:Dzithankov
1704:Spandaryan
1680:Meghrashen
1660:Hayrenyats
1590:Population
1587:Area (km)
1541:Shirakavan
1382:Population
1314:After the
1272:. A major
1137:Aq Qoyunlu
1045:under the
991:Kamsarakan
936:Cimmerians
924:Cimmerians
902:Argishti I
894:Bronze Age
737:Argishti I
598:Aragatsotn
463:Aragatsotn
259:Population
220:Government
4650:(capital)
4481:Saragyugh
4441:Karmravan
4436:Kakavasar
4431:Hartashen
4421:Ghazanchi
4416:Dzorashen
4406:Bashgyugh
4348:Pemzashen
4338:Nor Kyank
4313:Lernakert
4308:Hovtashen
4278:Geghanist
4268:Anushavan
4210:Isahakyan
4205:Haykadzor
4132:Yeghnajur
4072:Garnarich
4057:Berdashen
4047:Aregnadem
3999:Voskehask
3984:Pokrashen
3969:Marmashen
3944:Karmrakar
3924:Jajuravan
3587:. Arka.am
3395:, p. 198.
3090:(1984).
2848:Lake Arpi
2777:FC Shirak
2765:wrestling
2672:Education
2558:Buckwheat
2501:Isahakyan
2342:Pemzashen
2168:Saragyugh
2136:Karmravan
2132:Kakavasar
2128:Hartashen
2120:Ghazanchi
2116:Dzorashen
2108:Bashgyugh
2075:Berdashen
2051:Yeghnajur
1987:Aregnadem
1962:Voskehask
1950:Pokrashen
1938:Marmashen
1918:Karmrakar
1902:Jajuravan
1781:Isahakyan
1777:Haykadzor
1692:Pemzashen
1688:Nor Kyank
1672:Hovtashen
1648:Lernakert
1640:Geghanist
1632:Anushavan
1506:Marmashen
1502:Ghazanchi
1411:(10,668).
1253:in 1829.
1126:Ilkhanate
1075:Marmashen
1062:Pahlavuni
890:Stone Age
852:limestone
833:Lake Arpi
743:Geography
716:Sirakenoi
489:Etymology
372:FIPS 10-4
353:2601–3126
331:Time zone
4567:(մարզեր)
4426:Goghovit
4378:Vardakar
4373:Tufashen
4358:Saralanj
4318:Lusakert
4293:Haykasar
4273:Arevshat
4220:Karaberd
4195:Dzorakap
4180:Bagravan
4175:Anipemza
4147:Zorakert
4142:Zarishat
4122:Tsaghkut
4052:Bandivan
4022:Aghvorik
3974:Mayisyan
3904:Haykavan
3879:Beniamin
3874:Bayandur
3859:Aygabats
3844:Akhuryan
3778:Capital:
3563:"armats"
3241:Archived
3178:Archived
3176:. 2022.
3112:(1992).
2990:Archived
2918:See also
2867:Mayisyan
2850:and its
2795:FC Sipan
2753:Football
2656:factory.
2588:Industry
2513:Bagravan
2493:Bayandur
2447:Aeroflot
2393:Shrjapat
2369:of 1884.
2363:of 1872,
2323:Mayisyan
2283:Sev Berd
2274:Urartian
2267:Urartian
2124:Goghovit
2071:Zorakert
2063:Tsaghkut
2059:Zarishat
2039:Garnarij
2031:Aghvorik
1991:Bandivan
1942:Mayisyan
1886:Haykavan
1866:Beniamin
1862:Bayandur
1850:Aygabats
1829:Akhuryan
1789:Karaberd
1769:Dzorakap
1757:Bagravan
1753:Anipemza
1712:Tufashen
1708:Vardakar
1696:Saralanj
1656:Haykasar
1652:Lusakert
1636:Arevshat
1404:Akhuryan
1332:uprising
1199:Sev Berd
1173:Ismail I
1114:Georgian
1067:Khtzkonk
1028:Yererouk
976:Orontids
968:Beniamin
944:Anabasis
940:Xenophon
886:Akhurian
733:Urartian
566:Vardavar
507:Հայաստան
443:province
416:Armenian
227:Governor
135:Sev Berd
55:Province
4647:Yerevan
4585:Armavir
4496:Tavshut
4491:Sizavet
4486:Sarapat
4401:Ashotsk
4363:Saratak
4240:Sarakap
4235:Norshen
4170:Aniavan
4137:Yerizak
4117:Shaghik
4112:Paghakn
4102:Lorasar
4097:Kamkhut
4092:Jradzor
4082:Hoghmik
4077:Gtashen
4062:Byurakn
4042:Ardenis
3959:Krashen
3834:Akhurik
3807:Maralik
3613:27 July
3591:27 July
3547:26 July
3506:Georgia
3348:, ed.
3282:14 June
3247:30 July
3187:30 July
2999:13 June
2912:village
2831:Gallery
2817:Ashotsk
2779:at the
2726:of the
2544:Economy
2535:Georgia
2517:Aniavan
2457:Railway
2428:Yerevan
2261:of the
2223:Culture
2217:Yerizak
2213:Lorasar
2180:Tavshut
2176:Sizavet
2172:Sarapat
2099:Ashotsk
2083:Paghakn
2079:Yerizak
2067:Shaghik
2043:Lorasar
2035:Ardenis
2023:Jradzor
2015:Hoghmik
2003:Kamkhut
1999:Gtashen
1995:Byurakn
1930:Krashen
1834:Akhurik
1805:Sarakap
1793:Norshen
1741:Aniavan
1736:Maralik
1700:Saratak
1595:Centre
1518:Sizavet
1421:village
1408:Ashotsk
1328:Dashnak
1274:Russian
1239:Erzurum
1130:Mongols
980:Ayrarat
928:Kumayri
917:Eriakhi
867:History
858:Climate
792:Ayrarat
785:Georgia
769:Ardahan
722:Eriakhi
711:Siraces
695:Ayrarat
654:Yerevan
608:Armavir
575:History
532:Culture
503:Armenia
471:Georgia
455:Armenia
441:) is a
400:Website
275:230,500
267:251,941
205:Capital
198:Armenia
193:Country
167:43°55′E
164:40°50′N
4615:Tavush
4610:Syunik
4605:Shirak
4595:Kotayk
4580:Ararat
4446:Krasar
4396:Arpeni
4288:Harich
4225:Lanjik
4127:Voghji
4087:Hovtun
4037:Aravet
4032:Amasia
3989:Shirak
3964:Lernut
3949:Karnut
3929:Jrarat
3914:Hovuni
3894:Hatsik
3864:Azatan
3854:Arevik
3802:Gyumri
3781:Gyumri
3585:"arka"
3497:
3420:
3379:
3356:
3330:22 May
3122:
2944:Gyumri
2836:Shirak
2661:Azatan
2650:basalt
2631:Ararat
2627:Gyumri
2610:pumice
2489:Batumi
2478:Tabriz
2439:Pobeda
2209:Aravet
2140:Krasar
2104:Arpeni
2055:Aravet
2011:Voghji
2007:Hovtun
1982:Amasia
1954:Shirak
1934:Lernut
1922:Karnut
1906:Jrarat
1894:Hovuni
1878:Hatsik
1854:Azatan
1846:Arevik
1797:Lanjik
1664:Harich
1611:Gyumri
1545:Yazidi
1522:Azatan
1494:Arpeni
1490:Arevik
1471:Gyumri
1428:Azatan
1419:Azatan
1406:, and
1392:Amasia
1371:raions
1364:strike
1241:, and
1203:Gyumri
1139:Sunni
1103:Seljuk
932:Gyumri
913:Urartu
898:Urartu
848:pumice
816:Turkey
773:Turkey
728:Eriaḫe
638:Tavush
633:Syunik
628:Shirak
618:Kotayk
603:Ararat
546:Cinema
520:
483:Gyumri
475:Gyumri
467:Turkey
412:Shirak
384:(2021)
340:UTC+04
214:Gyumri
44:Shirak
4476:Salut
4411:Bavra
4343:Panik
4303:Horom
4283:Getap
4215:Jrapi
4165:Aghin
4067:Darik
4027:Alvar
3919:Jajur
3909:Hovit
3869:Basen
3849:Arapi
3797:Artik
3682:(PDF)
3643:(PDF)
3215:[
3181:(PDF)
3170:(PDF)
3094:[
3069:[
3062:Շիրակ
3018:(PDF)
2993:(PDF)
2982:(PDF)
2910:Aghin
2883:Artik
2799:Artik
2761:chess
2738:Sport
2573:(2.38
2509:Jrapi
2474:Jolfa
2374:Media
2316:Artik
2303:Artik
2269:eras,
2164:Salut
2112:Bavra
2047:Darik
2027:Alvar
1898:Jajur
1890:Hovit
1858:Basen
1842:Arapi
1785:Jrapi
1745:Aghin
1716:Panik
1668:Horom
1644:Getap
1627:Artik
1514:Panik
1498:Bavra
1479:Artik
1400:Artik
1145:Timur
911:) of
735:king
561:Sport
556:Media
551:Music
453:) of
421:Շիրակ
387:0.756
365:AM-SH
47:Շիրակ
4600:Lori
3954:Keti
3939:Kaps
3934:Kamo
3884:Getk
3665:2014
3615:2017
3593:2017
3571:2014
3549:2023
3495:ISBN
3473:2022
3448:2022
3418:ISBN
3377:ISBN
3354:ISBN
3332:2012
3310:2014
3284:2015
3249:2023
3189:2023
3120:ISBN
3046:2018
3001:2023
2767:and
2759:and
2722:The
2642:tufa
2633:and
2606:tufa
2515:and
2215:and
1926:Keti
1914:Kaps
1910:Kamo
1870:Getk
1516:and
1235:Kars
850:and
844:tufa
779:and
767:and
765:Kars
707:Hayk
623:Lori
459:Lori
449:marz
390:high
376:AM07
313:US$
236:Area
3211:.
3065:.
2426:in
1469:in
1396:Ani
1118:Ani
1058:Ani
814:of
541:Art
481:of
394:3rd
382:HDI
336:AMT
298:GDP
284:4th
253:6th
4667::
3698:.
3540:.
3503:.
3464:.
3439:.
3239:.
3197:^
3172:.
3134:^
3079:^
3037:.
3020:,
2984:.
2827:.
2755:,
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2629:,
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2537:.
2519:.
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2194:,
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2182:,
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2166:,
2162:,
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2033:,
2029:,
2025:,
2021:,
2017:,
2013:,
2009:,
2005:,
2001:,
1997:,
1993:,
1989:,
1964:,
1960:,
1956:,
1952:,
1948:,
1944:,
1940:,
1936:,
1932:,
1928:,
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1920:,
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