199:. Ashur-Dan established government offices in all provinces, creating a strong administrative presence in the areas under his rule. At the end of the millennium, Assyria was surrounded by enemies to the south, in and around Babylonia, to the west by the Arameans in Syria, and to the north and east by the Nairi people. Ashur-Dan successfully expanded Assyrian territory surrounded by formidable foes and established provincial administration that once again transformed Assyria from a territorial power to an imperial power known as the Neo-Assyrian Empire. The Neo-Assyrian Empire was a diverse and multi-ethnic state from people from many tribes of different origins. It was a uniformly structured political entity with well-defined and well-guarded borders, and the Assyrian kings certainly regarded it as a unified whole, "the land of Aššur", whose territory they constantly strove to expand. To the outside world, it likewise was a unified, monolithic whole, whose inhabitants were unhesitatingly identified as Assyrians regardless of their ethnic backgrounds.
146:. The Assyrian royal annals add to this skeleton outline significantly. Annals are still preserved for all but the last few kings. There are no letters available from this period, however administrative and legal documents exist. For Ashur-Dan II, whose annals are only preserved in fragments, certain characteristics of Assyrian military can be observed. He followed the description of his military exploits by the count of wild animals (wild bulls, elephants, and lions) that he had hunted and killed, which traditionally characterized Assyrian kings as protective and heroic. The accounts conclude with Ashur-Dan's building activities, stressing that he did not exploit the spoils of his campaign to enrich himself, but rather to honour and exalt the gods.
195:
Neo-Assyrian period, which was elaborated by his successors. He was able to establish a uniformly structured political entity with well-defined and well-structured borders. His conquest is presented as a return of stability and prosperity after a perceived unlawful period of intrusion. The displaced
Assyrians were rehoused in towns and the resettled lands were fortified with agricultural growth. The decline of Early Assyria was largely due to a lack of systematic administration and an influx of
211:(911–891 BC). He continued to campaign repeatedly in areas that his father had attacked, expanding on his father’s achievements. He ruled two years less than his father, but the number and range of his military campaigns were greater. To the west he marched as far as the Balikh river, to the south as far as the middle Euphrates, to the north as far as the southern regions of Lake Van, and to the east he penetrated the
129:
to its natural borders, from Tur Abdin (southeast Turkey) to the foothills beyond Arbel (Iraq). The reclaimed territory through his conquest was fortified with horses, ploughs, and grain stores. His military and economic expansions benefited four subsequent generations of kings that replicated his
154:
The fragmentary annals suggest Ashur-Dan was the first king to conduct regular military campaigns in over a century. His military campaigns primarily focused on northern territories along mountainous terrain that made controlling it problematic. These areas were vital because they lay close to the
194:
After re-establishing
Assyria's borders, Ashur-Dan went through an extensive period of resettlement and land reclamation. Ashur-Dan also left his mark on the Craftsman’s Gate and the New Palace by performing construction on both sites. His basic ideology and strategy laid the foundation for the
155:
Assyrian heartland and thus were vulnerable to enemy attacks. Furthermore, several important routes leading to
Anatolia ran through these areas and were a source of crucial metals. In one of his more significant victories, Ashur-Dan captured the king of the northeastern state of
183:, were crucial strategic points where Assyrian kings frequently campaigned, both for Assyrian security and to safeguard the limited routes through the mountains. This was a key commercial point for Assyrians, through which they received horses and valuable
171:
in the recent past. He also claimed that he had brought back
Assyrians who had fled due to starvation to resettle the lands. The impression conveyed through these annals was that the Aramaeans had enslaved and slaughtered Assyrians and seized their land.
166:
Another chief concern of Ashur-Dan’s known military campaigns was the
Aramaeans to the west. The fragmentary annals state that Ashur-Dan believed he was rightfully retaking Assyrian territory occupied by the
138:
The direction of the campaigns conducted by
Assyrian kings and the means of reconstructing chronology of events from the period of 841–745 and beyond are found in one type of
398:
987:
293:
257:
992:
336:
247:
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215:. Three versions of his annals are known. Altogether the annals cover campaigns from the accession to the eighteenth
163:, then replaced him with a loyal subordinate and took valuable bronze, tin, and precious stones from Kadmuhu.
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125:. He was best known for recapturing previously held Assyrian territory and restoring
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Assyrian Rulers of the Early First
Millennium BC I (1114–859 BC)
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159:, flayed him, and displayed his skin publicly on the walls of
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311:"ASSYRIAN IDENTITY IN ANCIENT TIMES AND TODAY"
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252:. Cambridge University Press. 1924-01-01.
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285:The Ancient Near East, C. 3000-330 BC
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207:Ashur-Dan was succeeded by his son,
428:Legendary kings and early governors
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117:(Aššur-dān) (934–912 BC), son of
121:, was the earliest king of the
988:10th-century BC Assyrian kings
341:. University of Toronto Press.
1:
714:
449:
249:The Cambridge Ancient History
335:Albert Kirk Grayson (1991).
282:Kuhrt, Amélie (1995-01-01).
288:. Taylor & Francis US.
1009:
412:
365:
356:
348:
37:
142:, commonly known as an
709:Middle Assyrian Empire
418:List of Assyrian kings
309:Parpola, Simo (1990).
179:foothills down to the
60:Middle Assyrian Empire
993:Kings of the Universe
780:Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur
48:King of the Universe
917:Tiglath-Pileser III
860:Neo-Assyrian Empire
694:Ashur-nadin-ahhe II
444:Old Assyrian period
318:Unity and Diversity
187:mined in northeast
123:Neo-Assyrian Empire
92:Neo-Assyrian Empire
877:Tukulti-Ninurta II
845:Tiglath-Pileser II
840:Ashur-resh-ishi II
765:Enlil-kudurri-usur
689:Ashur-rim-nisheshu
684:Ashur-bel-nisheshu
669:Ashur-nadin-ahhe I
363:934–912 BCE
352:Tiglath-Pileser II
119:Tiglath Pileser II
107:Tiglath Pileser II
78:Tiglath Pileser II
970:
969:
865:
800:Asharid-apal-Ekur
795:Tiglath-Pileser I
790:Ashur-resh-ishi I
770:Ninurta-apal-Ekur
750:Tukulti-Ninurta I
718:
453:
375:
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366:Succeeded by
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16:(Redirected from
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962:Ashur-uballit II
952:Sin-shumu-lishir
947:Ashur-etil-ilani
882:Ashurnasirpal II
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760:Ashur-nirari III
755:Ashur-nadin-apli
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887:Shalmaneser III
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830:Ashur-nirari IV
820:Ashurnasirpal I
815:Shamshi-Adad IV
725:Ashur-uballit I
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679:Ashur-nirari II
644:Puzur-Ashur III
624:Shamshi-Adad II
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864:(911–609 BC)
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717:1363–912 BC)
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932:Sennacherib
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561:Ipqi-Ishtar
538:Ashur-dugul
465:Shalim-ahum
217:regnal year
189:Afghanistan
140:eponym list
74:Predecessor
977:Categories
937:Esarhaddon
515:Mut-Ashkur
500:Erishum II
223:References
203:Succession
134:Background
69:934–912 BC
927:Sargon II
609:Shu-Ninua
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555:Sin-namir
549:Nasir-Sin
533:Puzur-Sin
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181:lower Zab
169:Aramaeans
84:Successor
579:Bel-bani
485:Sargon I
197:Arameans
654:Nur-ili
604:Lullaya
157:Kadmuhu
130:model.
127:Assyria
599:Bazaya
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527:Asinum
521:Rimush
480:Ikunum
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161:Arbela
103:Father
573:Adasi
314:(PDF)
66:Reign
290:ISBN
254:ISBN
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