844:
designed as a general academic education qualification, compared to the more vocational
Diploma/Higher/Advanced Diploma (Qualifications Frameworks Level 4), and allows articulation onto the third year of a four-year (US-style) bachelor's degree or the second year of a three-year (British-style) bachelor's degree. A survey in 2016 showed that most students believe associate degrees will help them to get onto bachelor's degree courses, but not (by themselves) in gaining a career; however only 30% of associate degree graduates gained places for further study, leading to accusations that the degree is "a waste of time and money" and calls for the government to address this by making more bachelor's degree places available. This has been criticized, with others saying that education had benefits beyond income, which is only a short-term measure.
779:) and awarded from 1873. It required (in 1884) passes in three of mathematics, physics, chemistry and geology, and allowed students to go on to take the examination for the Bachelor of Science. As a university-level qualification lying below the bachelor's degree, this is considered to be the world's first associate degree in the modern sense, having been first awarded 25 years prior to the introduction of associate degrees into the US by the
672:(DUT) was reframed as an intermediate degree part of a three-year curriculum now referred to as BUT. Prior to the reform of 2006, universities awarded a two-year diploma called DEUG, the purpose of which was also to help the student pursue studies in a field that differed from what was initially intended. The degree was considered a 'stepping stone' ahead of the completion of a bachelor's degree. Aside from the
342:) can be a two-year pre-university qualification that is a pre-requisite for entry into the bachelor's degree. However, because a bachelor's degree in Quebec takes 3 years to complete instead of 4 years, it can be thought as an articulation onto the second year of a standard North American bachelor's degree program. Quebec also has a three-year Cégep technical programme preparing students for employment.
33:
522:
certificates were initially awarded by the junior colleges. In 1899 the board of trustees voted to replace these certificates with associate degrees (Associate in Arts, Associate in
Literature, and Associate in Science), which were first awarded in 1900. Eells concludes that it is "not unlikely" that people at Chicago knew of the associate degrees being awarded in the
704:). Associate degree courses form part of HBO bachelor's degree courses, and advising requirements are the same for the two-year associate degree and the related four-year bachelor's degree. Those gaining the associate degree may proceed to an HBO bachelor's degree in only two years, but it does not articulate to bachelor's degrees in the research-oriented (
676:(BTS) which remains relevant in many fields for which long academic studies are not deemed crucial and for which young professionals are in demand, degrees comparable to an associate degree are gradually being phased out, although their legitimacy remains in theory (but not always in practice) unchanged for those who were awarded one in the past.
248:). A technologist's degree varies between two and three years of full time studies to complete. This degree takes a shorter time period to obtain than a bachelor or teaching degree (some of which may take between four and six years to complete), and it aims to provide highly specialized knowledge (e.g.,
161:
The first associate degrees were awarded in the UK (where they are no longer awarded) in 1873 before spreading to the US in 1898. In the United States, the associate degree may allow transfer into the third year of a bachelor's degree. Associate degrees have since been introduced in a small number of
175:
In
Argentina, tertiary colleges ("institutos terciarios") offer associate degrees in a variety of areas, including elementary and high school teacher, and technical fields, upon completion of three or four years of study. Some of these degrees may be articulated with university programs, to obtain a
521:
was established in 1891 with four groups of colleges – liberal arts, literature, science, and practical arts (later commerce and administration). These were subdivided into 'junior' (or 'academic') and 'senior' (or 'university') colleges. Bachelor's degrees were awarded by the senior colleges, and
667:
For many decades, a diploma comparable to an associate degree was considered a very adequate degree for those willing to work as qualified technicians. Yet as the general population spends an increasing amount of time studying, they are no longer as attractive to students who wish to distinguish
843:
In Hong Kong, associate degrees were first introduced in 2000 with the aim of increasing the number of students with post-secondary qualifications. As originally introduced, the qualification took two or three years, but this was reformed in 2012 to a two-year course. The associate degree is
810:
in 1857 and sometimes referred to as the degree of
Associate in Arts, predates the Durham degree. However, it was an examination for "those who are not members of the university" and who were under the age of 18; as such it was at the level of a high school qualification rather than a modern
549:
were awarding
Associate in Arts degrees. By 1941–42, 40% of junior colleges awarded some form of associate degree, and by 1960 this had grown to 75%, with 137 different associate degrees in use. Over a third of associate degrees awarded in the US in 1958–59 were granted by Californian junior
298:
qualifications below the bachelor's level: These are two-year courses resulting in a diploma in a broad range of technical, professional and academic subjects. Articulation into bachelor's programs are the norm but can differ by subject (with some specialties rarer among bachelor's).
537:) introducing Associate in Literature and Associate in Science degrees in 1901 (both replaced by the Associate in Arts in 1904) followed by the Associate in Domestic Economy degree in 1908. Associate degrees were not always two-year sub-bachelor's awards in the early 20th century:
1672:
The world's first associate's degree, the associate in science, was awarded by
England's University of Durham in 1873. The University of Chicago awarded the first American associate's degree in 1898. It offered associate in arts, associate in literature, and associate in science
293:
is the only
Canadian province offering American-style associate degrees. Similar to the U.S., these consist of a two-year program and allow for articulation onto the third year of a bachelor's degree program. Other provinces do not offer associate degrees but do offer similar
307:
which are not considered as associate degrees. The territories have fewer but similar diploma programs, some being particularly geared to Arctic environments, and northern
Indigenous cultures and languages, with bachelor's programs being a mix of
541:
and associated colleges awarded
Associate in Arts degrees to students who had passed university extension courses "equal in number and standard to the courses required of a resident student for the degree of Bachelor of Arts" from 1910 to 1933.
695:
In the
Netherlands, there were four pilots between 2005 and 2011 to assess the added value of the associate degree. In 2007 the associate degree was added to the Dutch system of higher education within the Higher Professional Education
1572:
811:
associate degree. Examinations were held in English, languages, mathematics, science, drawing and music, with the title being conferred on those students who passed any two (as long as the two were not drawing and music).
229:('postgraduate'). Brazil follows the major traits of the continental European system; free public schools are available from kindergarten up to postgraduate degrees, both as a right established in Article 6, caput of the
1576:
823:
752:. Business academies offer two-year academy profession programmes; some business academies also offer professional bachelor programmes, further adult education and diploma programmes.
176:
bachelor degree after, usually, two additional years. Associate degrees are also offered by some universities, as a final degree or as an intermediate stage before a bachelor degree.
1517:
1499:
1837:
1470:
2139:
2101:
2064:
2027:
721:
1685:
2345:
2315:
595:. This title was given to courses more academically focused than advanced diploma courses, and typically designed to articulate to bachelor's degree courses.
2360:
1117:
1484:
1376:
611:
sit between secondary education and bachelor's degree level and are thus approximately equivalent to an associate degree. Such qualifications include the
505:
student who has earned the Associate in Arts degree for Transfer (AA-T) or the Associate in Science degree for Transfer (AS-T) priority admission to CSU (
2000:
926:
446:
330:
1823:
659:
A 2–2.5 year education on BA-level is called "Erhvervsakademiuddannelse". This is called an AP-Degree (Academy Professional Degree) in English.
1905:
1665:
530:
1722:
Some Account of the Origin and Objects of the New Oxford Examinations for the Title of Associate in Arts, and Certificates for the Year 1858
1626:. Library of education, a project of the Center for Applied Research in Education. Center for Applied Research in Education. pp. 94–95.
1223:. Library of education, a project of the Center for Applied Research in Education. Center for Applied Research in Education. pp. 98–99.
1206:. Library of education, a project of the Center for Applied Research in Education. Center for Applied Research in Education. pp. 97–98.
1189:. Library of education, a project of the Center for Applied Research in Education. Center for Applied Research in Education. pp. 95–97.
1716:
1525:
1736:
2355:
592:
282:
1408:
608:
501:
The Student Transfer Achievement Reform Act was signed into legislation on September 29, 2010, which is legislation that grants any
116:
50:
1547:
534:
304:
814:
British equivalents to associate degrees vary depending on the national system which issued them. Based on assessment by the UK
449:
sometimes allows courses taken and credits earned on an AA or AS to be counted toward a bachelor's degree more commonly through
2054:
616:
97:
1057:
533:) introducing Associate in Arts and Associate in Letters degrees in 1900, and the Lewis Institute in Chicago (now part of the
1993:
1270:
559:
253:
69:
54:
1655:
350:
In the United States, associate degrees are awarded after completion of sixty semester or ninety quarter college credits.
563:
458:
320:. Indigenous nations in most provinces have education systems also provide First Nations-focused diplomas programs, with
886:
799:
degrees from 1877 and there were thirteen different types of associate degrees offered in British universities in 1927.
558:
Two year associate degrees are found throughout the West Indies. They are offered by regional organisations such as the
502:
76:
2050:
819:
620:
506:
461:, depending on the courses taken, applicable state laws/regulations, and the transfer requirements of the university.
1621:
1218:
1201:
1184:
1013:
818:, American and Canadian associate degrees are considered equivalent to one year higher education courses such as the
1139:
826:. Australian associate degrees, however, are considered equivalent to two-year higher education courses such as the
2340:
1288:
321:
269:
208:
1125:
83:
43:
2350:
1986:
1383:
2119:
1350:
974:
450:
317:
999:
65:
2046:
827:
285:
regulates tertiary education and degree system in their jurisdictions, with pan-Canadian co-ordination in a
740:
A 2–2.5 year education on BA-level is called an AP-Degree (Academy Professional Degree). See also: List of
2092:
1324:
1035:
273:
230:
2153:
1804:
780:
518:
409:
397:
2267:
2223:
2129:
2115:
2073:
2018:
1760:
900:
807:
776:
769:
566:, and at institutions of higher education in particular, within The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago,
313:
155:
143:
2281:
2258:
2243:
788:
772:
628:
575:
278:
151:
1599:
396:
Generally, one year of study is focused on college level general education in disciplines such as
2185:
729:
624:
538:
147:
2110:
1456:
526:, but there is no direct evidence of this. Chicago discontinued its associate degrees in 1918.
2277:
2041:
1960:
1952:
1911:
1901:
1884:
1661:
1088:
1061:
612:
233:
and as a duty of the State in Article 208, Items I, IV, and V, of the Brazilian Constitution.
90:
1638:
2307:
2263:
2180:
1412:
309:
295:
290:
2302:
2286:
2248:
2233:
2200:
2010:
1941:
1867:
1234:
978:
604:
454:
424:
413:
401:
386:
382:
257:
509:) into a similar baccalaureate (BA) degree program with a guarantee of junior standing.
2272:
2228:
2078:
546:
529:
The associate degree spread across the US, with California College in Oakland (now the
417:
390:
378:
286:
17:
2334:
1925:
Requirements For Certificates, Diplomas And Associate Degrees: A Survey Of The States
1720:
2190:
1951:. Vol. 46, no. 4. Washington: Bureau of Labor Statistics. pp. 2–12.
1065:
787:(ATh) in 1901, which was only offered in 1901 and 1902. Yorkshire College (now the
741:
725:
370:
249:
2253:
1942:"Associate Degree: Two Years to a Career or a Jump Start to a Bachelor's Degree"
927:"Marco legal e normativo / Catálogo Nacional de Cursos Superiores de Tecnologia"
32:
1778:
1434:
720:, translated "university college graduate". Only a few professions require 120
1306:
374:
1956:
1165:
2148:
1978:
1457:"Niveau d'éducation de la population − France, portrait social | Insee"
150:
lasting two to three years. It is a level of academic qualification above a
1881:
Fall 1979 Transfer Study. Report 3: Second Year Persistence And Achievement
1927:. Denver, Colorado: State Higher Education Executive Officers Association.
952:
1143:
745:
567:
571:
405:
300:
1252:
2238:
2205:
2195:
2124:
1900:. Washington: American Association of Community and Junior Colleges.
1500:"Le début de carrière des jeunes sortant de l'enseignement supérieur"
749:
325:
214:
1354:
1353:. Australian Qualifications Framework Advisory Board. Archived from
1327:. Australian Qualifications Framework Advisory Board. Archived from
1964:
1915:
1888:
420:, and the second year is focused on the area of a student's major.
815:
1982:
1504:
L'État de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche en France
1382:. Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education. Archived from
1328:
685:
26:
1872:
Making the Grade: Online Education in the United States, 2006
423:
Students who complete a vocational program can often earn a
1883:. Springfield, Illinois: Illinois Community College Board.
1785:. Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
1783:
Information Portal for Accredited Post-secondary Programmes
1038:. Canadian Information Centre for International Credentials
783:. The ASc was withdrawn in 1904. Durham also introduced an
243:
237:
224:
218:
1640:
The Durham College of Science Calendar: Session 1884–1885
1377:"The Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (QAA)"
1118:"Structure of the US Education System: Associate Degrees"
1824:"Don't see Hong Kong's associate degrees as substandard"
955:. British Columbia Commission on Admissions and Transfer
901:"Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988"
353:
The two most commonly awarded associate degrees are the
334:(diploma of college studies), taught at post-secondary
1409:"Recognition Ireland Statement on US associate degree"
700:) stream taught at universities of applied sciences (
651:"Diplomovaný specialista" (Certificated Specialist).
191:(TSU), while a bachelor's degree would be known as a
179:
In Hispanic America, an associate degree is called a
242:('technologist') as a form of undergraduate degree (
2295:
2214:
2173:
2166:
2138:
2100:
2091:
2063:
2026:
2017:
1471:"Les BUT (Bachelors universitaires de technologie)"
591:In 2004, Australia added "associate degree" to the
57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1601:The Chemical News and Journal of Physical Science
1170:California State University Transfer Requirements
858:in Turkey, while bachelor's degrees are known as
338:(colleges of general and professional education;
223:('graduate') while graduate degrees are known as
336:collèges d'enseignement général et professionnel
1573:"The Norwegian table of qualifications - NOKUT"
768:(ASc) from 1879) was introduced in 1865 by the
2316:Master of Arts (Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin)
1411:. Qualificationsrecognition.ie. Archived from
464:Common associate-level degree titles include:
1994:
1805:"Associate degree not career booster: Survey"
1737:"Summary guide to HNC and HND qualifications"
1435:"EQUIVALENCE DE DIPLOME (Degree equivalence)"
1257:The University of the West Indies Open Campus
859:
853:
824:Framework for Higher Education Qualifications
8:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1124:. US Department of Education. Archived from
1140:"Student Zone – College – Finding/Applying"
716:A two-year education on BA-level is called
2170:
2097:
2023:
2001:
1987:
1979:
1325:"Introduction of Associate Degree in 2004"
369:) degrees. AA degrees are awarded in the
322:North American Aboriginal education bodies
647:In Czech Republic one achieves the title
603:Qualifications on the short cycle of the
287:Council of Ministers of Education, Canada
209:Higher education in Brazil § Degrees
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
1112:
1110:
447:Transfer admissions in the United States
1822:Victor Fung Keung (September 6, 2016).
1660:. Jossey-Bass Publishers. p. 158.
1351:"Main features of the Associate Degree"
878:
492:Associate of Occupational Studies (AOS)
1838:"YÖK Diploma ve Derecelerin Tanınması"
1761:"Get An Associate Degree in Hong Kong"
1548:"The Dutch Education System described"
1014:"Diploma Programs at Ontario Colleges"
381:fields; AS degrees are awarded in the
2346:Academic degrees of the United States
531:American Baptist Seminary of the West
217:, undergraduate degrees are known as
7:
1779:"Q & A on Sub-degree Programmes"
1687:Durham University Calendar 1919–1920
1657:Handbook on undergraduate curriculum
670:Diplôme Universitaire de Technologie
633:Diplôme universitaire de Technologie
55:adding citations to reliable sources
2361:Universities and colleges in Canada
1036:"Postsecondary Education in Quebec"
623:(DipHE) in the United Kingdom, the
593:Australian Qualifications Framework
523:
474:Associate of Applied Business (AAB)
1703:The University of Durham 1832–1932
1637:Univ, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne (1884).
486:Associate of Theology (ThA or ATh)
477:Associate of Applied Science (AAS)
25:
1293:University of Technology, Jamaica
1095:. QS Quacquarelli Symonds Limited
609:European Qualifications Framework
457:agreements but sometimes through
1089:"What is an Associate's Degree?"
535:Illinois Institute of Technology
31:
2055:Certificate of Higher Education
1923:Wittstruck, J. R. (1985).
1898:Redefining The Associate Degree
1604:. Vol. XXXVI. p. 128.
1485:"Que faire après un BTS ?"
1311:Clarence Fitzroy Bryant College
617:Certificate of Higher Education
471:Associate of Applied Arts (AAA)
42:needs additional citations for
1949:Occupational Outlook Quarterly
1498:Calmand, Julien (April 2014).
1239:Caribbean Examinations Council
1142:. College Zone. Archived from
889:. EducationUSA. March 6, 2015.
674:Brevet de Technicien Supérieur
637:Brevet de Technicien supérieur
560:Caribbean Examinations Council
316:based elsewhere in Canada and
189:Técnico Superior Universitario
1:
1705:. Sheldon Press. p. 262.
1271:"Associate Degree Programmes"
852:Associate degrees are called
830:at level 5 on the framework.
762:Associate in Physical Science
564:University of the West Indies
459:recognition of prior learning
427:associate degree such as the
1620:Walter Crosby Eells (1963).
1217:Walter Crosby Eells (1963).
1200:Walter Crosby Eells (1963).
1183:Walter Crosby Eells (1963).
773:College of Physical Sciences
503:California Community College
483:Associate of Fine Arts (AFA)
437:Associate of Applied Science
331:Diplôme d'études collégiales
281:is a provincial power: each
2051:Diploma of Higher Education
1879:Bragg, Ann Kieffer (1982).
1623:Degrees in Higher Education
1220:Degrees in Higher Education
1203:Degrees in Higher Education
1186:Degrees in Higher Education
820:Higher National Certificate
621:Diploma of Higher Education
507:California State University
2377:
2356:Higher education in Canada
1524:(in Dutch). Archived from
1275:Barbados Community College
822:at level 4 of the British
480:Associate of Forestry (AF)
270:Higher education in Canada
267:
206:
146:awarded after a course of
1553:. EP-Nuffic. January 2015
933:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
907:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
668:themselves. In 2021, the
489:Associate of Science (AS)
429:Associate of Applied Arts
260:technical degree, etc.).
244:
238:
225:
219:
1765:South China Morning Post
1598:William Crookes (1877).
1307:"ASGS Associate Degrees"
797:Associate in Coal Mining
793:Associate in Engineering
2047:Higher National Diploma
1940:Crosby, Olivia (2002).
1896:Koltai, Leslie (1984).
1874:. The Sloan Consortium.
1870:; Seaman, Jeff (2006).
1842:uluslararasi.yok.gov.tr
1235:"CXC Associate Degrees"
828:Higher National Diploma
363:Associate in/of Science
318:international consortia
303:also offers three-year
18:Associate's degree
1654:Arthur Levine (1978).
1166:"Cal State University"
860:
854:
513:Historical development
468:Associate of Arts (AA)
283:province and territory
274:Universities in Canada
236:In 2001, Brazil added
231:Brazilian Constitution
2154:Candidate of Sciences
1701:C.E. Whiting (1932).
785:Associate in Theology
781:University of Chicago
519:University of Chicago
207:Further information:
2224:Academic certificate
2116:Postgraduate diploma
1016:. ontariocolleges.ca
808:University of Oxford
806:, introduced by the
777:Newcastle University
770:University of Durham
766:Associate in Science
615:(FdA, FdSc, FdEng),
355:Associate in/of Arts
312:, partnerships with
148:post-secondary study
144:undergraduate degree
129:Undergraduate degree
51:improve this article
2259:Professional degree
1389:on 16 December 2011
1093:topuniversities.com
975:"Associate Degrees"
953:"Associate Degrees"
905:www.planalto.gov.br
789:University of Leeds
629:Republic of Ireland
576:St. Kitts and Nevis
279:Education in Canada
152:high school diploma
2186:Doctor of Sciences
1643:. pp. 13, 24.
1518:"Associate degree"
1437:. voilanewyork.com
1289:"Courses of Study"
730:driving instructor
625:Higher Certificate
539:Harvard University
254:tourism management
252:technical degree,
140:associate's degree
66:"Associate degree"
2341:Associate degrees
2328:
2327:
2324:
2323:
2278:Specialist degree
2162:
2161:
2130:Engineer's degree
2087:
2086:
2074:Bachelor's degree
2042:Foundation degree
1907:978-0-87117-131-3
1767:. August 1, 2014.
1667:978-0-87589-376-1
1357:on August 5, 2004
1331:on August 5, 2004
1128:on March 8, 2022.
1068:on August 4, 2016
1062:College of DuPage
1058:"Degree Programs"
1000:"Levels of Study"
931:portal.mec.gov.br
855:önlisans derecesi
804:Associate in Arts
631:, and the French
613:Foundation degree
305:advanced diplomas
162:other countries.
156:bachelor's degree
127:
126:
119:
101:
16:(Redirected from
2368:
2351:Academic degrees
2264:Graduate diploma
2181:Higher doctorate
2171:
2098:
2037:Associate degree
2024:
2003:
1996:
1989:
1980:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1946:
1928:
1919:
1892:
1875:
1868:Allen, I. Elaine
1853:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1834:
1828:
1827:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1811:. July 11, 2016.
1809:China Daily Asia
1801:
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1634:
1628:
1627:
1617:
1606:
1605:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1575:. Archived from
1569:
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1558:
1552:
1544:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1528:on March 5, 2012
1514:
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1507:
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1489:
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1481:
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1420:
1405:
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1315:
1314:
1303:
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1231:
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1214:
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1207:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1162:
1156:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1146:on July 18, 2013
1136:
1130:
1129:
1114:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1084:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1064:. Archived from
1054:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1010:
1004:
1003:
996:
990:
989:
987:
985:
971:
965:
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962:
960:
949:
943:
942:
940:
938:
923:
917:
916:
914:
912:
897:
891:
890:
883:
863:
857:
718:Høgskolekandidat
607:/level 5 on the
578:, among others.
545:By 1918, 23% of
296:higher education
291:British Columbia
247:
241:
228:
222:
136:associate degree
122:
115:
111:
108:
102:
100:
59:
35:
27:
21:
2376:
2375:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2366:
2365:
2331:
2330:
2329:
2320:
2303:Honorary degree
2291:
2287:Terminal degree
2249:Magister degree
2234:External degree
2216:
2210:
2158:
2134:
2111:Master's degree
2083:
2059:
2013:
2011:academic degree
2007:
1969:
1967:
1944:
1939:
1936:
1934:Further reading
1931:
1922:
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1895:
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1866:
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1856:
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1582:
1580:
1579:on 14 July 2017
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1418:
1416:
1415:on May 27, 2013
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1087:Haidar, Hasna.
1086:
1085:
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1071:
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1056:
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1041:
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1033:
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979:Douglas College
973:
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946:
936:
934:
925:
924:
920:
910:
908:
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875:
870:
861:lisans derecesi
850:
841:
836:
758:
738:
714:
693:
682:
665:
657:
645:
605:Bologna Process
601:
589:
584:
556:
547:junior colleges
515:
499:
455:transfer credit
414:Natural Science
387:applied science
383:natural science
348:
310:local provision
276:
266:
258:web development
211:
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181:carrera técnica
173:
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2275:
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2236:
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2229:Artist diploma
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2079:Honours degree
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2061:
2060:
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2057:
2044:
2039:
2033:
2031:
2021:
2015:
2014:
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1991:
1983:
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1690:. p. 555.
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600:
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2128:
2126:
2125:Diplom degree
2123:
2121:
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2029:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2019:Undergraduate
2016:
2012:
2004:
1999:
1997:
1992:
1990:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1950:
1943:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1926:
1921:
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1738:
1732:
1729:
1725:. J. Ridgway.
1724:
1723:
1718:
1717:Thomas Acland
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1522:Rijksoverheid
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40:This article
38:
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2191:Habilitation
2174:Postdoctoral
2093:Postgraduate
2036:
1968:. Retrieved
1948:
1924:
1897:
1880:
1871:
1860:Bibliography
1847:November 21,
1845:. Retrieved
1841:
1832:
1817:
1808:
1799:
1787:. Retrieved
1782:
1773:
1764:
1755:
1743:. Retrieved
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1696:
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1593:
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1577:the original
1567:
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1542:
1532:November 24,
1530:. Retrieved
1526:the original
1521:
1512:
1503:
1493:
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1465:
1451:
1439:. Retrieved
1429:
1419:February 12,
1417:. Retrieved
1413:the original
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1384:the original
1371:
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1355:the original
1345:
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1329:the original
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1247:
1238:
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1066:the original
1052:
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1030:
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1008:
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930:
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742:universities
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445:
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371:liberal arts
366:
362:
358:
354:
352:
349:
339:
335:
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314:institutions
277:
250:agribusiness
235:
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196:
193:licenciatura
192:
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184:
180:
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174:
160:
154:and below a
139:
135:
133:
131:
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80:
73:
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49:Please help
44:verification
41:
2268:certificate
2254:Microdegree
2215:No dominant
2120:certificate
1789:January 19,
1745:January 22,
1557:January 19,
1506:(7): 54–55.
1393:16 December
1361:January 19,
1335:January 19,
1099:October 17,
1042:January 20,
984:January 19,
959:January 19,
726:piano tuner
691:Netherlands
635:(DUT) and
554:West Indies
410:Mathematics
185:tecnicatura
107:August 2022
2335:Categories
2244:Licentiate
2009:Levels of
887:"Glossary"
868:References
791:) offered
708:) stream.
702:hogeschool
550:colleges.
497:California
375:humanities
197:ingeniería
77:newspapers
2309:Ad eundem
2280:/
2266:/
2149:Doctorate
2118:/
2053:/
2049:/
1970:April 17,
1957:0199-4786
1441:March 29,
1072:August 1,
873:Citations
839:Hong Kong
587:Australia
435:) or the
245:graduação
239:tecnólogo
220:graduação
171:Argentina
2296:Unearned
1965:EJ662278
1916:ED242378
1889:ED230228
1719:(1858).
1673:degrees.
1150:July 25,
1020:July 25,
937:April 1,
911:April 1,
746:colleges
568:Barbados
562:and the
425:terminal
393:fields.
256:degree,
166:Americas
2282:diploma
2142:level 8
2104:level 7
2067:level 6
2030:level 5
1583:13 July
724:, e.g.
655:Denmark
639:(BTS).
627:in the
582:Oceania
572:Jamaica
406:History
402:English
301:Ontario
91:scholar
2311:degree
2239:Laurea
2206:Fellow
2201:Tenure
2196:Docent
1963:
1955:
1914:
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1887:
1664:
848:Turkey
750:Sweden
736:Sweden
712:Norway
680:Greece
663:France
599:Europe
574:, and
416:, and
389:, and
377:, and
361:) and
340:cégeps
328:, the
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264:Canada
215:Brazil
203:Brazil
142:is an
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2167:Other
2140:ISCED
2102:ISCED
2065:ISCED
2028:ISCED
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1740:(PDF)
1551:(PDF)
1387:(PDF)
1380:(PDF)
816:NARIC
775:(now
684:See:
324:. In
98:JSTOR
84:books
1972:2018
1961:ERIC
1953:ISSN
1912:ERIC
1902:ISBN
1885:ERIC
1849:2022
1791:2017
1747:2016
1662:ISBN
1585:2017
1559:2017
1534:2020
1443:2014
1421:2014
1395:2017
1363:2017
1337:2016
1152:2013
1101:2022
1074:2016
1044:2017
1022:2013
986:2017
961:2017
939:2020
913:2020
834:Asia
795:and
744:and
722:ECTS
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517:The
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