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241:(small hair-like projections), and can grow 40 to 80 cm (16 to 31 in) tall. The leaves are opposed, meaning that they grow in pairs, sprouting directly across from each other. The flowers are light purple. The fruits are dark purple and form in capsules 7 mm (0.28 in) in length. The plant blooms year round, but the flowers are at their peak between June and September. During the remaining months of the year, the petals darken and dry up.
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In
Ontario their natural interdunal habitats are threatened by development for housing, cottages and recreational areas, such as parks where the flowers are stepped on or picked. In the United States, bluehearts live in prairie habitats, where fire is a necessary disturbance for seed germination and
277:
In the United States, bluehearts are found in 11 states, from Ohio and
Indiana to Georgia and Missouri. They are state ranked from S1 to S5 according to their degree of occurrence: S1 is extremely rare and S5 is secure. In Georgia and Virginia bluehearts are listed as S1; they are listed as S2 in
249:
Bluehearts are found in 12 states, ranging from Ohio to
Florida. They are most common in Missouri and Tennessee, where they are abundant in moist environments. The plant also occurs in a small area of south-western Ontario 10 km (6.2 mi) from
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is mostly found along the edges of wet depressions, in limestone glades, prairies, moist sandy soils, and open woods. It sometimes forms a hemiparasitic relationship with a tree (any of several species) by attaching itself to the root system.
282:
growth of other plants. Since burning needs to occur in a rotational 3–4 year cycle in
Indiana, Illinois, Missouri and Ohio, Bluehearts are greatly affected by habitat loss in these areas of the United States.
294:. During stressful conditions (such as drought), bluehearts may heighten their parasitic effects to the point where a large group of them may damage small trees. Common host trees of bluehearts are white oak (
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is only found in "a 10 km (6.2 mi) stretch of the shoreline of Lake Huron in South-western
Ontario". Only six populations exist, and they are considered Endangered provincially and nationally.
290:
Bluehearts are hemiparasitic, meaning they are able to grow independently without a host but grow more strongly with a host. They attach to their host plant by parasitic roots called
378:, in COSEWIC assessment and update status report on the bluehearts Buchnera americana in Canada. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. Ottawa. 1–15 pp.
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Ohio and Texas; they are listed as S3 in
Illinois, Kansas, Tennessee and parts of Kentucky; they are listed as S4 in Arkansas, Missouri and parts of Kentucky.
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218:. Found widely across the eastern United States, it also occurs in one location in the Canadian province of Ontario.
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Gann, G.D.; M.E. Abdo; J.W. Gann; G.D. Gann, Sr.; S.W. Woodmansee; K.A. Bradley; E. Grahl; K.N. Hines. (2011).
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has no known medicinal uses. In the garden, this plant is highly attractive to bees, butterflies, and birds.
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and an above-ground stem. The stem of the plant is usually covered with
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Illustrated Flora of the
Northern United States and Canada
488:. Miami, Florida: The Institute for Regional Conservation
419:. Vol. 3. Dover Publications, New York. p. 205.
430:
Musselman, L.J.; W.F. Mann (1977). "Host Plants of some
486:"Natives for Your Neighbourhood: American bluehearts"
415:
Brown, Addison H.; Britton, Nathaniel Lord (1970) .
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372:Update COSEWIC status report on the bluehearts
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872:Flora of the North-Central United States
882:Flora of the Southeastern United States
877:Flora of the Northeastern United States
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318:). Caterpillars of the common buckeye (
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210:, is a locally endangered herbaceous
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233:flowering plant with underground
803:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319121-2
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440:Plant Systematics and Evolution
1:
438:) of Eastern North America".
897:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
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16:Species of flowering plant
324:) feed on the blueheart.
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41:Scientific classification
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892:Plants described in 1753
511:USDA Plants Profile for
388:Missouri Plant Company.
245:Distribution and habitat
214:of the broomrape family
300:), eastern white pine (
309:Fraxinus pennsylvanica
194:
515:(American bluehearts)
396:on September 27, 2001
370:Brownell, V.R. 1998.
286:Ecological importance
190:
390:"Buchnera americana"
202:, commonly known as
452:1977PSyEv.127...45M
312:), and cottonwood (
204:American bluehearts
564:Buchnera americana
534:Buchnera americana
513:Buchnera americana
460:10.1007/BF00988018
374:Buchnera americana
333:Buchnera americana
271:Buchnera americana
258:Buchnera americana
227:Buchnera americana
199:Buchnera americana
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192:Buchnera americana
172:Buchnera americana
25:Buchnera americana
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759:Open Tree of Life
526:Taxon identifiers
315:Populus deltoides
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154:B. americana
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867:Flora of Ontario
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432:Rhinanthoideae
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777:tro-29200023
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490:. Retrieved
446:(1): 45–53.
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398:. Retrieved
394:the original
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297:Quercus alba
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733:NatureServe
671:iNaturalist
558:Wikispecies
492:22 December
269:In Canada,
222:Description
84:Angiosperms
856:Categories
772:Plant List
400:20 October
339:References
252:Lake Huron
637:220001990
376:in Canada
292:haustoria
239:trichomes
231:perennial
208:bupleurum
148:Species:
54:Kingdom:
823:VASCAN:
816:29200023
811:Tropicos
738:2.140019
702:11428839
689:319121-2
549:Q4982730
543:Wikidata
468:37528563
235:rhizomes
141:Buchnera
126:Family:
120:Lamiales
110:Asterids
97:Eudicots
764:3882462
751:1325706
650:5415032
448:Bibcode
136:Genus:
116:Order:
58:Plantae
785:PLANTS
676:126699
663:449957
611:580191
572:AoFP:
466:
715:33505
697:IRMNG
624:BUQAM
582:APA:
464:S2CID
229:is a
104:Clade
91:Clade
78:Clade
65:Clade
826:6974
798:POWO
790:BUAM
746:NCBI
725:1857
710:ITIS
684:IPNI
658:GRIN
645:GBIF
619:EPPO
598:NMHL
585:3439
575:3498
494:2011
402:2011
328:Uses
834:WFO
632:FNA
606:EoL
593:CoL
456:doi
444:127
206:or
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
