677:
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919:
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163:
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57:
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562:, and continued until after 1813. It was crescent-shaped (hence its name) and comfortably carried by a shoulder strap attached at the mouthpiece and bell. It first spread to England where as the "bugle horn" it was gradually accepted by the light dragoons (1764), the Grenadier Guards (1772), light artillery (1788) and light infantry.
1070:. This bugle established itself in military band music in Britain and America, and its popularity is indicated by the existence of many published method books and arrangements. It was in wide use until about 1850 by which time it had been largely replaced by the cornet. Richard Willis, appointed the first bandmaster of the
222:â an aerophone, with vibrating air enclosed within the instrument, the player's lips cause the air to vibrate directly, the player's lips are the only means of changing the instrument's pitch, the instrument is tubular, the player blows into the end of the tube, the tube is bent or folded, the instrument has a mouthpiece)
636:
604:
492:
The name indicates an animal's (cow's) horn, which was the way horns were made in Europe after the fall of the
Western Roman Empire. The modern bugle is made from metal tubing, and that technology has roots which date back to the Roman Empire, as well as to the Middle East during the Crusades, where
546:
Whole lines of brass instruments were created, including initially examples like the clarion and the natural trumpet. These were bent-tube variations that shrunk the long tubes into a manageable size and controlled the way the instruments sounded. One of the variations was to create "sickle shaped"
862:
were the first dedicated light infantry unit in the
British Army and were allowed a number of unique accouterments that were believed to be better suited for skirmishing, such as their green jackets. Other infantry used drums when marching and had whistles to signal when skirmishing, but the Rifle
1481:
The other variable that impacts brass instrument pitch and tone is air. Air can be thought of in many different ways, including quantity and speed. More air or faster air passing through the aperture results in a higher pitch and a fuller tone. Less air or slower air passing through the aperture
569:
that might be mistaken for a bugle today, as it lacked keys or valves, but had a more gradual taper and a smaller bell, producing a sound more easily audible at close range but with less carrying power over distance. The earliest bugles were shaped in a coil â typically a double coil, but also a
624:
863:
Corps was a much larger body of men that would be expected to spread out over a large area under a single commander. As a result, the bugle was taken from cavalry traditions because signals could pass much further without the need for repeats. The buglers in each
551:, used by Jäger battalions. During the last quarter of the 18th century, or by 1800, the half-moon horn was bent further into a loop, possibly first by William Shaw (or his workshop) of London. The instrument was used militarily at that point as the "bugle horn."
1378:
The looped trumpet is a
European development adopted by Eastern cultures; from the 14th century new forms of trumpets with curved tubes started to appear in Europe, and European instruments then began to supersede the straight trumpet in Islamic
958:
939:
836:
is used to indicate the daily routines of camp. Historically, the bugle was used in the cavalry to relay instructions from officers to soldiers during battle. They were used to assemble the leaders and to give marching orders to the camps.
1238:...trumpet disappeared from Europe after the fall of Rome and was not reintroduced until the time of the crusades, when instruments were taken from the Saracens... In Western art before the crusades...animal horns are generally shown.
652:
945:
944:
941:
940:
946:
1335:
It is generally acknowledged...that the cylindrical bore instruments were borrowed from the East. Perhaps those buccins Turcs and cors sarrasinois which the
Crusading chroniclers record included the nafÄŤr and
1445:
1284:
There is no evidence available on the use of the trumpet in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire. It made its appearance again from the Orient, via the
Crusades, beginning in the eleventh centuru
892:
is the bugle call that signifies the end of the day's activities. It is also sounded at military funerals to indicate that the soldier has gone to his final rest and at commemorative services such as
943:
2598:
251:
512:). After the fall of Rome, when much of Europe was separated from the remaining Eastern Roman Empire, the straight, tubular sheet-metal trumpet disappeared and curved horns were Europe's trumpet.
592:
574:, and were used to communicate during hunts and as announcing-instruments for coaches (somewhat akin to today's automobile horn). Predecessors and relatives of the bugle included the
1494:
2631:
918:
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In most military units, the bugle can be fitted with a small banner or tabard (occasionally gold fringed) with the arms of its reporting service branch or unit.
313:
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1449:
1942:
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805:
1472:
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1066:) were invented in the early 19th century. In England, a patent for one design was taken out by Joseph Halliday in 1811 and became known as the
614:
in 1904, this late Roman bugle is bent completely round upon itself to form a coil between the mouthpiece and the bell (broken off). Found at
1826:
1777:
1716:
1669:
1371:
1231:
1170:
969:
500:. There existed another tradition of trumpets made of straight metal tubes of brass or silver that went back in Europe as far as the Greeks (
1495:"Buy Generic Gold Color The Earth Affair Dokra Art Brass Bugle,tribal Trumpet,bastar Art Turi,todi Online at Best Prices in India - JioMart"
906:
858:, has retained the bugle for ceremonial and symbolic purposes, as did other rifle regiments before it. When originally formed in 1800, the
740:
496:
Historically, horns were curved trumpets, conical, often made from ox or other animal horns, from shells, from hollowed ivory such as the
806:
2910:
2617:
1911:
1865:
1650:
1321:
436:
183:
140:
321:, a United States bugle call, equivalent to the national anthem, played on army posts when raising or lowering the national flag.
1935:
2624:
2516:
1915:
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78:
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horn or "hunting horns" in the 15th century. By the 18th century, Germans had created a "half moon" shaped horn called the
2552:
2521:
1297:
543:); they figured out how to bend tubes without ruining them and by the 1400s were experimenting with new instruments.
121:
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13th century. Angels sounding horns or trumpets. The horns were manufactured in the shape of oxen horns.
531:, Europeans began to build them again, having seen these instruments in their wars. The first made were
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1274:(1). Research Center for Music Iconography, The Graduate Center, City University of New York: 3â8.
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1300:. In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.).
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is sometimes erroneously considered a valved bugle, but the cornet was derived from more
598:
Iberian Celtic trumpet or bugle made from clay, 2nd-1st century B.C., Iberian
Peninsula.
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Awareness of trumpet experiments reached a 1405 illustrator in France, who painted a
578:, the Pless horn (sometimes called the "Prince Pless horn"), the bugle horn, and the
515:
The sheet-metal tubular trumpet persisted in the Middle East and
Central Asia as the
376:
235:
535:
Then
Europeans took a step that hadn't been part of trumpet making since the Roman (
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18th-century cavalry did not normally use a standard bugle, but rather an early
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The bugle has also been used as a sign of peace in the case of a surrender.
864:
643:
575:
290:
201:
1883:
1679:
781:. Scores for standard bugle calls use the five notes of the "bugle scale".
1708:
1626:
2874:
2864:
2822:
2690:
2465:
2314:
2089:
2058:
872:
734:). In 1529, the "Turkish field clamor" reached Vienna for the first time.
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made from a small cow's horn. Going back further, it touches on Latin,
421: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
295:
1081:
Since the mid 19th century, bugles have been made with piston valves.
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2010:
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1920:
693:. Painted in France between 1412 and 1416. (upper left corner). The
493:
Europeans re-discovered metal-tubed trumpets and brought them home.
469:
comes from a combination of words. From French, it reaches back to
2884:
2807:
2802:
2720:
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meaning bullock. Old
English also influences the modern word with
310:
242:
2765:
2133:
1875:
1618:
2613:
1924:
508:), and further back to the Etruscans, Assyrians and Egyptians (
2785:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1387:
390:
50:
2599:
List of euphonium, baritone horn and tenor horn manufacturers
1428:
1426:
1078:
in 1817, wrote and performed many works for the keyed bugle.
786:
371:
or other pitch-altering devices, and is thus limited to its
1473:"Chapter 3: Tone Production Fundamentals on the Mouthpiece"
1912:
Bugle in C by Thomas Key and
William Trayls, London, 1811
1208:
Sarkissian, Margaret; Tarr, Edward H. (2001). "Trumpet".
1147:
Baines, Anthony C.; Herbert, Trevor (2001). "Bugle(i)".
658:
Virdung illustrated (1511 A.D.) bent trumpets including
533:
the aĂąafil in Spain and buisine in France and elsewhere.
1184:
1182:
716:, Ottoman miniature circa 1568. The musicians play two
701:
in Virdung's 1511 illustrations of musical instruments.
832:
The bugle is used mainly in the military, where the
2576:
2530:
2489:
2396:
2353:
2297:
2162:
1958:
327:
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81:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1301:
952:Two Japanese men demonstrating a bugle call, 2017
769:control is done by varying the player's air and
582:, among others. The ancient Roman army used the
1814:Musical Instruments: A Comprehensive Dictionary
1697:The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Brass Instruments
1581:
1569:
1203:
1201:
1199:
1197:
570:single or triple coil â similar to the modern
379:is controlled entirely by varying the air and
2625:
1936:
1750:Herbert, Trevor; Wallace, John, eds. (1997).
746:Hessian-Darmstadt soldiers, 1816, one with a
37:"Bugler" redirects here. For other uses, see
8:
1753:The Cambridge Companion to Brass Instruments
1031:
1007:
558:(half-moon) was used by light infantry from
155:
44:"Bugles" redirects here. For the snack, see
1482:results in a lower pitch and a softer tone.
1479:(2nd ed.). Indianapolis: PALNI Press.
1037:
1013:
2632:
2618:
2610:
1943:
1929:
1921:
928:bugler during World War II. Photograph by
437:Learn how and when to remove this message
141:Learn how and when to remove this message
867:are headed by the bugle major, a senior
773:. Consequently, the bugle is limited to
230:Antiquity; modern forms, c. 17th century
1432:
1417:
1405:
1364:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.19529
1224:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.49912
1188:
1163:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.04270
1139:
902:
812:Reveille as played on the bugle by the
610:Roman bugle, 4th century. Added to the
588:
1602:Musical instruments in art and history
822:
154:
1264:"The Looped Trumpet in the Near East"
1249:
970:Ethiopian National Defence Force Band
7:
1643:Introducing the Drum and Bugle Corps
1471:Weidner, Brian N. (10 August 2023).
419:adding citations to reliable sources
247:Five-pitch scale of the bugle in C.
79:adding citations to reliable sources
1854:The History of Musical Instruments
25:
1664:(2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press.
1348:Pirker, Michael (2001). "NafÄŤr".
896:in Australia and New Zealand and
1314:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_COM_0127
957:
937:
917:
905:
823:Problems playing this file? See
802:
739:
706:
675:
651:
646:playing a trumpet bent into a U.
635:
623:
603:
591:
395:
161:
55:
1521:"The Story of the British Army"
406:needs additional citations for
212:HornbostelâSachs classification
66:needs additional citations for
2517:Drum and bugle corps (classic)
1916:The Metropolitan Museum of Art
1448:. British Army. Archived from
1262:Michael Pirker (Spring 1993).
1072:United States Military Academy
854:, an infantry regiment in the
1:
2522:Drum and bugle corps (modern)
1695:Herbert, Trevor, ed. (2019).
1546:"The Last Post | Army.gov.au"
1477:Brass Techniques and Pedagogy
989:
912:American naval bugler in 1917
1096:Baritone bugle (tenor pitch)
968:depicting a bugler from the
730:and a pair of kettle drums (
328:More articles or information
1446:"History of the Bugle Horn"
964:American poster during the
884:In military tradition, the
2927:
2911:Natural horns and trumpets
2584:Pitch of brass instruments
1858:W. W. Norton & Company
1819:W. W. Norton & Company
1762:Cambridge University Press
1701:Cambridge University Press
1660:Dudgeon, Ralph T. (2004).
1645:. Olympic Marketing Corp.
1582:Herbert & Wallace 1997
1570:Herbert & Wallace 1997
1090:Soprano bugle (high pitch)
840:The bugle is also used in
759:
43:
36:
29:
2651:
1770:10.1017/CCOL9780521563437
1093:Alto bugle (medium pitch)
477:, indicating a signaling
332:
309:
271:
241:
160:
1641:Chiefari, Janet (1982).
1420:, p. 224, Halbmond.
1006:instruments, the French
869:non-commissioned officer
27:Brass musical instrument
1811:Marcuse, Sibyl (1964).
1599:Bragard, Roger (1968),
1356:Oxford University Press
1252:, p. 48, 280, 384.
1216:Oxford University Press
1155:Oxford University Press
814:United States Army Band
720:, two spiral trumpets (
39:Bugler (disambiguation)
2368:Marching baritone horn
1907:Evolution of the Bugle
1519:King, Charles Cooper.
1408:, p. 90â1, Bugle.
1304:Encyclopaedia of Islam
1063:
1032:
1008:
995:
791:
322:
259:
32:Bugle (disambiguation)
2553:Classical trombonists
2150:Double bell euphonium
1709:10.1017/9781316841273
1296:Farmer, H.G. (2012).
1268:RIdIM/RCMI Newsletter
984:
790:
760:Further information:
489:, meaning "wild ox."
367:. It normally has no
317:
246:
1852:Sachs, Curt (1940).
1758:Cambridge Companions
1435:, p. 70, Bugle.
1113:Clarion (instrument)
871:holding the rank of
662:(field trumpet) and
415:improve this article
75:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
724:), a cylinder drum
266:Related instruments
157:
2502:British brass band
2373:Marching euphonium
2140:Subcontrabass tuba
1821:(published 1975).
1351:Grove Music Online
1211:Grove Music Online
1150:Grove Music Online
996:
844:troops and in the
792:
510:King Tut's Trumpet
323:
260:
2906:Brass instruments
2893:
2892:
2607:
2606:
2563:Euphonium players
1952:Brass instruments
1828:978-0-393-00758-9
1779:978-1-139-00203-5
1718:978-1-316-63185-0
1671:978-0-81085-123-8
1452:on 5 October 2007
1373:978-1-56159-263-0
1233:978-1-56159-263-0
1172:978-1-56159-263-0
1085:Pitches of bugles
947:
926:Eighth Route Army
807:
523:, and during the
465:The English word
447:
446:
439:
350:
349:
315:
151:
150:
143:
125:
16:(Redirected from
2918:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2611:
2558:Jazz trombonists
2538:(all) Trumpeters
2476:Axial flow valve
2388:Contrabass bugle
1945:
1938:
1931:
1922:
1895:
1848:
1807:
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1354:(8th ed.).
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1308:(2nd ed.).
1307:
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1214:(8th ed.).
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1153:(8th ed.).
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1100:Contrabass bugle
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177:Brass instrument
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2543:Jazz trumpeters
2526:
2485:
2481:Harmonic series
2397:Parts/technique
2392:
2349:
2293:
2252:Soprano helicon
2222:Baroque trumpet
2217:Natural trumpet
2158:
2109:Alto/Tenor horn
1993:Fanfare trumpet
1954:
1949:
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1662:The Keyed Bugle
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1076:West Point Band
1049:
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1009:cornet de poste
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898:Remembrance Day
830:
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779:harmonic series
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459:Natural trumpet
443:
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311:
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286:Natural trumpet
253:Bugle scale.mid
252:
250:
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2017:Soprano cornet
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1988:Pocket trumpet
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549:halbmondbläser
504:) and Romans (
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46:Bugles (snack)
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2661:Birch trumpet
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2641:Natural horns
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2589:Brass section
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2512:Brass quintet
2510:
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2426:Hand-stopping
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2240:
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2232:Slide trumpet
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2190:Tenor cornett
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1760:. Cambridge:
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1525:gutenberg.org
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1191:, p. 59.
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1033:cor de chasse
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846:Boys' Brigade
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554:In 1758, the
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404:This section
402:
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289:
287:
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279:
277:
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273:
270:
267:
263:
255:
245:
240:
237:
236:Playing range
233:
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209:
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193:
190:
189:
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134:
123:
120:
116:
113:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92: â
91:
87:
86:Find sources:
80:
76:
70:
69:
64:This article
62:
58:
53:
52:
47:
40:
33:
19:
2870:Tube trumpet
2855:Tibetan horn
2675:
2594:Horn section
2548:Horn players
2507:Balkan brass
2414:Rotary valve
2409:Piston valve
2340:Tibetan horn
2207:Natural horn
2185:Mute cornett
2132:
2096:
2057:
2030:
2023:
2009:
1965:
1856:. New York:
1853:
1817:. New York:
1813:
1752:
1696:
1661:
1642:
1611:Viking Press
1609:, New York:
1607:Bill Hopkins
1601:
1592:Bibliography
1577:
1565:
1553:. Retrieved
1549:
1540:
1528:. Retrieved
1524:
1514:
1502:. Retrieved
1498:
1489:
1480:
1476:
1466:
1454:. Retrieved
1450:the original
1440:
1433:Marcuse 1964
1418:Marcuse 1964
1413:
1406:Herbert 2019
1377:
1349:
1343:
1334:
1327:. Retrieved
1303:
1291:
1283:
1271:
1267:
1257:
1245:
1237:
1209:
1189:Bragard 1968
1148:
1142:
1102:(bass pitch)
1080:
1056:Keyed bugles
1054:
1047:hunting horn
1004:narrow-bored
997:
883:
880:
877:
856:British Army
850:
839:
831:
765:
747:
731:
725:
721:
698:
697:matches the
694:
663:
659:
616:Mont Ventoux
564:
555:
553:
548:
545:
514:
495:
491:
486:
482:
474:
470:
466:
464:
457:
450:
433:
427:January 2023
424:
413:Please help
408:verification
405:
365:conical bore
363:with a wide
356:is a simple
353:
351:
319:To the Color
305:Sound sample
152:
137:
128:
118:
111:
104:
97:
85:
73:Please help
68:verification
65:
2880:Waqra phuku
2051:Wagner tuba
2046:Vienna horn
2041:German horn
2036:French horn
1064:Klappenhorn
993: 1830
986:Keyed bugle
860:Rifle Corps
777:within the
689:trumpet, 2
525:Reconquista
375:notes, and
342:Keyed bugle
2900:Categories
2828:Roman tuba
2757:Embouchure
2740:Didgeridoo
2497:Brass band
2446:Pedal tone
2436:Mouthpiece
2431:Embouchure
2383:Sousaphone
2378:Trombonium
2363:Mellophone
2298:Indigenous
2289:Jazzophone
2279:Saxotromba
2269:Sudrophone
2259:Ophicleide
2180:Cornettino
2163:Antiquated
2114:Flugelhorn
2065:Contrabass
1973:Contrabass
1892:Q116223746
1845:Q113270677
1804:Q112852613
1743:Q114571908
1727:1038492212
1688:Q116224505
1635:Q116236940
1555:18 October
1379:societies.
1329:13 January
1250:Sachs 1940
1129:References
1068:Kent bugle
977:Variations
900:in Canada
875:or above.
852:The Rifles
834:bugle call
825:media help
771:embouchure
762:Bugle call
714:Mehterhâne
699:felttrumet
660:felttrumet
506:Roman tuba
471:cor buglèr
381:embouchure
216:423.121.22
131:April 2019
101:newspapers
2860:Tochacatl
2818:Post horn
2711:Hakgediya
2686:Bukkehorn
2490:Ensembles
2471:Water key
2456:Valve oil
2212:Post horn
2145:Euphonium
2124:Kuhlohorn
2085:Superbone
1837:924550493
1796:34482695M
1788:460517551
1735:34730943M
1024:post horn
894:Anzac Day
886:Last Post
865:battalion
842:Boy Scout
685:trumpet,
644:grotesque
618:, France.
576:post horn
451:See also
358:signaling
291:Post horn
227:Developed
202:Aerophone
167:Bugle in
2875:Vuvuzela
2865:Trembita
2823:Ramsinga
2691:Chazozra
2645:trumpets
2466:Leadpipe
2355:Marching
2315:Vuvuzela
2090:Cimbasso
2059:Trombone
1998:Firebird
1888:Wikidata
1884:2594769W
1876:41000559
1841:Wikidata
1800:Wikidata
1739:Wikidata
1684:Wikidata
1680:7996991M
1631:Wikidata
1619:68015484
1336:karnÄ...
1280:41604971
1107:See also
924:Chinese
873:sergeant
798:Reveille
529:Crusades
483:buculus,
475:bugleret
2833:Salpinx
2813:Olifant
2733:Swedish
2728:Cowhorn
2716:Horagai
2701:Clarion
2681:Buisine
2666:Buccina
2656:Alphorn
2568:Tubists
2531:Players
2305:Alphorn
2284:Bazooka
2274:Saxtuba
2264:Serpent
2247:Helicon
2242:Sackbut
2227:Buccina
2175:Cornett
2170:Clarion
2119:Fiscorn
2098:Saxhorn
2080:Soprano
2003:Flumpet
1983:Piccolo
1967:Trumpet
1530:7 March
1504:7 March
1499:JioMart
1041:
1017:
930:Sha Fei
732:nakkare
695:clarion
687:buisine
683:Clarion
668:sackbut
584:buccina
567:trumpet
560:Hanover
537:buccina
502:salpinx
498:olifant
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