Bukhara - Knowledge (XXG)

1515: 1229:('lighthouse', or more literally 'a place where something burns'). The minarets of the region were possible adaptations of "fire-towers" or lighthouses of previous Zoroastrian eras. The architect, whose name was simply Bako, designed the minaret in the form of a circular-pillar brick tower, narrowing upwards. The diameter of the base is 9 meters (30 feet), while at the top it is 6 m (20 ft). The tower is 45.6 m (150 ft) high, and can be seen from vast distances over the flat plains of Central Asia. There is a brick spiral staircase that twists up inside around the pillar, leading to the landing in sixteen-arched rotunda and skylight, upon which is based a magnificently designed stalactite cornice (or "sharif"). 1317: 217: 131: 5369: 1169: 844: 140: 1242:

multi-domed roofing of the galleries encircling the courtyard of Kalyan Mosque. The longitudinal axis of the courtyard ends up with a portal to the main chamber (maksura) with a cruciform hall, topped with a massive blue cupola on a mosaic drum. The edifice keeps many architectural curiosities, for example, a hole in one of domes. Through this hole one can see foundation of Kalyan Minaret. Then moving back step by step, one can count all belts of brickwork of the minaret to the rotunda.

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than three thousand Persian captives into construction of Mir-i-Arab Madrasah. Ubaidullah-khan was very religious. He had been nurtured in high respect for Islam in the spirit of Sufism. His father named him in honor of prominent sheikh of the 15th century Ubaidullah al-Ahrar (1404–1490), by origin from Tashkent Region. By the thirties of the 16th century, when sovereigns erected splendid mausoleums for themselves and for their relatives, was over. Khans of

1600:. Although the collapse resulted in destabilizing the entire structure, the authorities were anxious to keep awareness of the disaster to a minimum. Without explanation the building disappeared from the list of sights and after hurried reconstruction of the tower "using non-traditional building material, such as poor quality cement and steel" Char Minar returned as one of the most popular sights of the city, yet the event has been kept secret ever since. 2898: 960: 111: 1266: 1475:

reminiscent of the Zoroastrian god, Ahura Mazda, who is typically represented by fire and light. The building's shape is cuboid, and reminiscent of the Ka'aba in Makkah, while the domed roof is a typical feature of mosque architecture. The syncretic style of the shrine is reflective of the 9th and 10th centuries—a time when the region still had large populations of Zoroastrians who had begun to convert to Islam around that time.

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head is wrapped in the moulds his mentor, Mir-i-Arab. Muhammad Kasim, mudarris (a senior teacher) of the madrasah (died in 1047 hijra) is also interred near by here. The portal of Miri Arab Madrasah is situated on one axis with the portal of the Kalyan Mosque. However, because of some lowering of the square to the east it was necessary to raise a little an edifice of the madrasah on a platform.

2859: 813: 2794: 4265:"… Consequently, the number of citizens who regard themselves as Tajiks is difficult to determine. Samarkand State University (SamGU) academic and international commentators suggest that there may be between six and seven million Tajiks in Uzbekistan, constituting 30% of the republic's 22 million population, rather than the official figure of 4.7% (Foltz 1996;213; Carlisle 1995:88)…" 2872: 2820: 2885: 2493: 1653: 2807: 1616: 120: 1547: 224: 191: 4715: 6018: 2433: 1307:

rule. The ponds acted as the city's principal source of water, but were also notorious for spreading disease, and thus were mostly filled in during the 1920s and 1930s by the Soviets. The Lab-i Hauz survived owing to its role as the centerpiece of an architectural ensemble dating back to the 16th and

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and his son Abdul-Aziz Khan. Ubaidullah-khan waged permanent successful war with Iran. At least three times his troops seized Herat. Each of such plundering raids on Iran was accompanied by capture of great many captives. They say that Ubaidullah-khan had invested money gained from redemption of more

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Bukhara has many names. One of its names was Numijkat. It has also been called "Bumiskat". It has 2 names in Arabic. One is "Madinat al Sufriya" meaning—"the copper city" and another is "Madinat Al Tujjar" meaning—"The city of Merchants". But, the name Bukhara is the original name and more known than

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have survived into the modern day in the city. But, numerous Arabic, Persian, European and Chinese travellers and historians noted the place and Uzbekistan itself to be once populated by mostly Buddhists and few Zoroastrians. Indeed, the first Islamic text on Bukhara relates to the first Arab invader

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were standard-bearers of Koran traditions. The significance of religion was so great that even such famed khan as Ubaidullah was conveyed to earth close by his mentor in his madrasah. In the middle of the vault (gurhana) in Mir-i-Arab Madrasah is situated the wooden tomb of Ubaidullah-khan. At his

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is the prison of the Amir of Bukhara. The prison was built in the second half of the 18th century, during the Mangit dynasty, and is located in the northwest corner of the ancient city, in the vicinity of the Hoja Nizamiddin Bolo burial site, around a hundred meters northeast of the Ark fortress,

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is the most famed part of the ensemble, and dominates over historical center of the city. The role of the minaret is largely for traditional and decorative purposes—its dimension exceeds the bounds of the main function of the minaret, which is to provide a vantage point from which the muezzin can

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The site is unique for its architectural style which combines both Zoroastrian and Islamic motifs. The building's facade is covered in intricately decorated brick work, which features circular patterns reminiscent of the sun—a common image in Zoroastrian art from the region at that time which is

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Tajiks, with ethnic Uzbeks forming a growing minority. Exact figures are difficult to evaluate, since many people in Uzbekistan either identify as "Uzbek" even though they speak Tajik as their first language, or because they are registered as Uzbeks by the central government despite their Tajik

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The former Magoki Attori mosque was constructed in the 9th century on the remains of what may have been an older Zoroastrian temple. The mosque was destroyed and rebuilt more than once, and the oldest part now remaining is the south façade, which dates from the 12th century—making it one of the

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in Samarkand in size. The mosque is able to accommodate twelve thousand people. Although Kalyan Mosque and Bibi-Khanym Mosque of Samarkand are of the same type of building, they are different in terms of art of building. Two hundred and eighty-eight monumental pylons serve as a support for the

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Bukhara city is the largest transport hub after Tashkent in Uzbekistan. Inside the city there is facility of bus transportation. There are over 45 bus lines. Majority of them have been equipped with ISUZU buses but some buses are being brought from China. By the number of buses and bus routes

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The main edifice is a mosque. In spite of its unusual outward shape, the building has a typical interior for a Central Asian mosque. Owing to the buildings cupola, the room has good acoustic properties and therefore takes on special significance of 'dhikr-hana'—a place for ritualized 'dhikr'

4346: 1435:) visited this place and brought forth a spring of water by the blow of his staff on the ground. The water of this well is said to be exceptionally pure, and is regarded for its supposed "healing qualities." The current edifice at the site was constructed during the reign of 1525:

Built in 1712, on the opposite side of the citadel of Ark in Registan district, Bolo Haouz Mosque is inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage Site list along with the other parts of the historic city. It served as a Friday mosque during the time when the

1329:, the quick-witted and warm-hearted man, who forms the central character of many children's folk stories in Central Asian, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, sitting atop his mule with one hand on his heart and the other with an 'All OK' sign above his head. 1624:

oldest surviving structures in Bukhara, and one of few which survived the onslaught of Genghis Khan. Lower than the surrounding ground level, the mosque was excavated in 1935. It no longer functions as a mosque, but, rather, houses a carpet museum.

3102:Города Узбекистана, Таш.. 1965; Ашуров Я. С., Гелах Т. Ф., Камалов У. Х., Бухара, Таш., 1963; Сухарева О. А., Бухара XIX—начала XX вв., М., 1966; Пугаченкова Г. А., Самарканд, Бухара, 2 изд., ; Бухара. Краткий справочник, 4 изд., Таш., 1968. 1583:

only of classroom and some utility rooms is lacking. However, it was common practice that so-called madrasahs had no lecture rooms or, even if they had, no lectures had been given in them. These madrasahs were employed as student hospices.

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17th centuries. The Lab-i Hauz ensemble consists of the 16th-century Kukeldash Madrasah, the largest in the city, along the north side of the pond. On the eastern and western sides of the pond are a 17th-century lodging-house for itinerant

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However, the heavy use of agrochemicals during the Soviet era, diversion of irrigation water from the two rivers that feed Uzbekistan, and the lack of water treatment plants have caused health and environmental problems on a large scale.

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was built in the 19th century and is located behind the Salakhona gate. Today the mausoleum is located opposite the Ibn Sina Library of Bukhara. The mausoleum is included in the National List of Objects of Material Cultural Heritage of

3762:О.А.Сухарева КВАРТАЛЬНАЯ ОБЩИНА ПОЗДНЕФЕОДАЛЬНОГО ГОРОДА БУХАРЫ (в связи с историей кварталов) Академия наук СССР Институт этнографии им.Н.Н.Миклухо-Маклая Издательство Наука; Главная редакция восточной литературы Москва 1976 1770:). The average maximum afternoon temperature in January is 6.6 °C or 43.9 °F, rising to an average maximum of around 37.2 °C or 99.0 °F in July. Mean annual precipitation is 135 millimetres or 5.31 inches. 2583:, 2% of other ethnicities. However, official Uzbek numbers have for long been criticized and refuted by various observers and Western sources and it is widely assumed that the population of the city consists mainly of 1591:

fish motif, and a Buddhist praying-wheel, in addition to Zoroastrian and Islamic motifs. In 1995, due to an underground brook, one of the four towers collapsed and emergency assistance was applied for and granted by

1216:. More properly, Minâra-i Kalân (Persian/Tajik for 'Grand Minaret'). Also known as the Tower of Death, as according to legend it is the site where criminals were executed by being thrown off the top for centuries. The 1568:. The four-towered structure is sometimes mistaken for a gate to the madras that once existed behind the structure; however, the Char-Minar is actually a complex of buildings with two functions, ritual and shelter. 1603:

On the esplanade to the right from Char-Minar is a pool, likely of the same age as the rest of the building complex. Char Minar is now surrounded mainly by small houses and shops along its perimeter.

6448: 1564:) is a building tucked away in a lane northeast of the Lyabi Hauz complex. The structure was built by Khalif Niyaz-kul, a wealthy Bukharan of Turkmen origin in the 19th century under the rule of the 1587:

Each of the four towers has different decorational motifs. Some say that elements of decoration reflect the four religions known to Central Asians. One can find elements reminiscent of a cross, a

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emperor who attempted to retake the city just before his assassination, and by the 19th century the city had become a peripheral city in the Persian and the Islamic world, being ruled by local

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Bukhara lies west of Samarkand and was previously a focal point of learning eminent all through the Persian and the Islamic world. It is the old neighborhood of the incomparable Sheik

899:, was born and raised in Bukhara and wrote his most famous poem about the beauty of the city. For this purpose, Bukhara had continuously served as the most important of cities in many 2510:

defines the name Bukhara itself as meaning "full of knowledge", referring to the fact that in antiquity, Bukhara was a scientific and scholarship powerhouse. In the Italian romantic

5628: 1777:, so from ancient times, irrigation farming was developed. Cities were built near rivers, and water channels were built to serve the entire city. Uncovered reservoirs, known as 5516: 1482:'s invasion, the shrine was said to have already been buried in mud from flooding. Thus, when the Mongol hordes reached Bukhara, the shrine was spared from their destruction. 5720: 2500:

Bukhara recorded a population of 279,200 in 2019. Bukhara (along with Samarkand) is one of the two major centers of Uzbekistan's Tajik minority. Bukhara was also home to the

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On either side of the central edifice are located dwelling rooms, some of which have collapsed, leaving only their foundations visible. Consequently, for full functioning of

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Mayers, K. (2016). The First English Explorer: The Life of Anthony Jenkinson (1529-1611) and His Adventures on the Route to the Orient. Storbritannien: Matador. p. 121

3531: 1027:(modern-day Pakistan) who were noted to own land in the city. For several centuries, the cities of Bukhara av Khiva were known as major centers of the slave trade, and the 2588:

language and identity. According to Soviet estimates in the early 20th century (based on numbers from 1913 and 1917), the Tajiks formed the overwhelming majority of city.

5640: 5606: 5584: 4964: 2409: 216: 2459:. The city is also served by railroad links with the rest of Uzbekistan, and is a hub for roadways leading to all major cities in Uzbekistan and beyond, including 6364: 5927: 4833: 6438: 5647: 3471:

Nemtseva N. B. Rabat-i Malik, XI — nachalo XVIII vv.: arkheologicheskiye issledovaniya. — Tashkent: Frantsuzskiy Institut Issledovaniy Tsentral'noy Azii, 2009.

4949: 4105: 6359: 5677: 6468: 6443: 4581: 1130:, then a young diplomat in the British Embassy in Moscow, made a surreptitious visit to Bokhara in 1938, sight-seeing and sleeping in parks. In his memoir 922:

The influence of Bukhara in the wider Islamic world started to diminish starting from the arrival of another Turkic dynasty of Uzbeks in the 16th Century.

1463:, which was the last native Persian dynasty to rule the region in the 9th to 10th centuries, after the Samanids established virtual independence from the 1105:. On 14 September 1920, the All-Bukharan Revolutionary Committee was set up, headed by A. Mukhitdinov. The government—the Council of People's Nazirs (see 4999: 4957: 2921: 651: 1251:. The construction of Mir-i-Arab Madrasah (Miri Arab Madrasah) is ascribed to Sheikh Abdullah Yamani of Yemen—called Mir-i-Arab—the spiritual mentor of 1221:

call out people to prayer. For this purpose it was enough to ascend to a roof of a mosque. This practice was common in initial years of Islam. The word

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Travels in the Himalayan Provinces of Hindustan and the Panjab; in Ladakh and Kashmir, in Peshawar, Kabul, Kunduz, and Bokhara… from 1819 to 1825

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translated by Charles Stanley Ross, Parlor Press LLC, 2004, p. 593. (Albraca is first mentioned in Book I, Canto VI, stanza 42, on p. 60.)

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People have inhabited the region around Bukhara for at least five millennia, and the city has existed for half that time. Located on the

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for 15 days in 1220. As an important trading centre, Bukhara was home to a community of medieval Indian merchants from the city of

183: 949:. The rulers of the Karakhanids built many buildings in Bukhara: the Kalyan minaret, the Magoki Attori mosque, palaces and parks. 5885: 5765: 1764: 1127: 3526: 6453: 5832: 5574: 5383: 5089: 3631: 2972: 1335: 1123: 4552: 2926: 2690: 1667:) is one of the Bukhara emirs' political building. The palace's construction started approximately 1870, under the reign of 6463: 6433: 5913: 5791: 5672: 5435: 4819: 2696: 2676: 2670: 2440: 1340: 622:, the city has long served as a center of trade, scholarship, culture, and religion. Bukhara served as the capital of the 3974: 3902: 5601: 5564: 5506: 5465: 4842: 4604: 4523: 1731:. It was established by Nodir Devonbegi (Nodir Mirzo Togay ibn Sultan), the vizier and brother of the ruler of Bukhara, 604: 4238: 4023: 3829: 6397: 5613: 5538: 5511: 5169: 5144: 1431:

is located near the Samani mausoleum. Its name is said to reflect a legend that states the prophet Job ("Ayub" in the

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was called Bukhara in ancient times, and probably only in the tenth century was it finally transferred to the city.

6078: 4800: 3064: 2452: 1724: 927: 443: 3036:"Uzbekistan: Regions, Major Cities & Towns - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information" 2504:, whose ancestors settled in the city during Roman times. Most Bukharian Jews left Bukhara between 1925 and 2000. 1735:, around 1620–1621. The Khanaka has been included in the national list of intangible cultural heritage objects of 130: 5988: 5579: 5343: 5184: 1732: 1156:. After integrating themselves into the local Tajik population, these cities face a movement for annexation into 6385: 6088: 5440: 5358: 5199: 5119: 4445: 1388: 1066: 956:. He was a focal figure in the advancement of the mysterious Sufi way to deal with theory, religion and Islam. 923: 695:

of Bukhara, Ubaidullah bin Ziad, who noted Bukhara to be a Buddhist country with Buddhist monasteries ruled by

433: 31: 2468: 139: 4081: 990:, the city has long been a center of trade, scholarship, culture, and religion. During the golden age of the 6473: 6402: 5957: 5730: 5623: 5528: 5288: 4597: 4308: 3396: 2748: 1635: 704: 455: 843: 6333: 5491: 5099: 3656:"Бухоро Bukhara Бухара" На узбекском, английском и русском языках. Издательство "Узбекистан", Ташкент 2000 2417: 1668: 1417: 817: 3573: 1451:

The Ismail Samani mausoleum (between 9th and 10th centuries), is one of the most highly esteemed work of

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in the English publications as exemplified by the writings and reports on the Emirate of Bukhara during

302: 4659: 4494:. Vol. I: The Nasihat Al-muluk of Pseudo-Mawardi: Contexts and Themes. Edinburgh University Press. 3797:

UNESCO World Heritage Centre - State of Conservation (SOC 1997) Historic Centre of Bukhara (Uzbekistan)

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Bukhara; Architectural epigraphy of Uzbekistan. p.28; Abdukhalikov F. Tashkent: UZBEKISTAN TODAY, 2016.

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About 140 miles (230 km) west of Samarkand in south-central Uzbekistan, Bukhara is located on the

998:, and was renowned for its numerous libraries. The historic center of Bukhara, which contains numerous 908: 5194: 6354: 5998: 5993: 5983: 5936: 5890: 5755: 5667: 5470: 4679: 2902: 2720: 2532: 2520: 1456: 1246: 1112: 801: 6093: 5596: 3414: 2651:(fl. Mind 10th Century d. approx. 980–990)—physician and scholar, purported to be Avicenna's teacher 6328: 5817: 5635: 5054: 3092:(in Uzbek and Russian). The State Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan on statistics. July 2020. 2738: 2633: 1597: 1486: 1137: 1028: 1011: 493: 99: 4470: 3352: 6380: 5710: 5318: 5084: 4858: 4699: 3262:. Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 8 Uralic & Central Asian Studies. Brill. p. 93. 2763: 2515: 2507: 1565: 1478:

The shrine is also regarded as one of the oldest monuments in the Bukhara region. At the time of

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World Heritage Centre - State of Conservation (SOC 1997) Historic Centre of Bukhara (Uzbekistan)

1136:, he judged it an "enchanted city" with buildings that rivalled "the finest architecture of the 3059: 6278: 6223: 5715: 5569: 5523: 5124: 4749: 4739: 4649: 4575: 4476: 4455: 4431: 4412: 4220: 4210: 4037: 3579: 3552: 3358: 3324: 3297: 3263: 3229: 3223: 3195: 3189: 3158: 2811: 2757: 2617: 2361: 1748: 1519: 1507: 1464: 1444: 1257: 1062: 696: 3318: 3257: 3152: 6428: 5745: 5308: 5114: 4754: 4704: 4694: 4654: 4127: 3320:

The Persian Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia

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architecture. It was built in the 9th century (between 892 and 943) as the resting-place of

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by population, with 280,187 residents as of 1 January 2020. It is the capital of

110: 6138: 4689: 4664: 4570: 3926: 3740: 3535: 3392: 2889: 2744: 2714: 1672: 1527: 1265: 1252: 1204:'Grand Foundation') belongs to the architectural complex located at the base of the great 959: 880: 837: 833: 769: 4406: 4263:

Karl Cordell: Ethnicity and Democratisation in the New Europe, Routledge, 1998. Pg. 201:

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History of Civilizations of Central Asia: The crossroads of civilizations, AD 250 to 750

3635: 1360: 722:, and other successive dynasties of Imperial China, Bukhara was known under the name of 5962: 5837: 5740: 5486: 5414: 5273: 5263: 5233: 5069: 5064: 4669: 4620: 4527: 2963: 2958: 2950: 2708: 2584: 2460: 2448: 1760: 1693: 1639: 1460: 1439:, and features a Khwarazm-style conical dome that is otherwise uncommon in the region. 1400: 1396: 1376: 1212: 1074: 991: 975: 963: 868: 777: 738: 684: 612: 307: 164: 156: 55: 3089: 3035: 1049: 6422: 5786: 5705: 5548: 5419: 5323: 4674: 4305:

Ethno-territorial conflict and coexistence in the Caucasus, Central Asia and Fereydan

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At the beginning of the 11th century, Bukhara became part of the Turkic state of the

876: 4322: 3776: 1785:, were built along caravan routes to supply travelers and their animals with water. 1299:) Ensemble (1568–1622) is the name of the area surrounding one of the few remaining 1107: 6037: 5869: 5827: 5822: 5533: 5348: 5253: 5154: 4764: 3698: 3676: 2544: 2444: 1774: 1588: 1479: 1452: 1304: 1233: 1038: 1017: 995: 971: 872: 719: 631: 4744: 4372: 3385: 1576:, the liturgy of which often include recitation, singing, and instrumental music. 1303:, or pond, in the city of Bukhara. Several such ponds existed in Bukhara prior to 4425: 4239:"Viloyat haqida - Shahar va tumanlar (About the province - Cities and districts)" 3950: 3719: 3481: 3291: 726:(捕喝), which has been replaced in Chinese by the modern generic phonetic spelling 6263: 6172: 6167: 6003: 5807: 5735: 5543: 5450: 5445: 5393: 5388: 5353: 5338: 5283: 5243: 5174: 5164: 5074: 5028: 4759: 4402: 4286: 4278: 3878: 2916: 2657:: Abolfazl Muhammad and his son Abu-Ali Mohammad, two famous Persian viziers of 2601: 2511: 2464: 1278: 1183: 1102: 1090: 946: 888: 812: 690:, who named their places of worship the same way. Very few artifacts related to 152: 3879:"Р.Альмеев: Загородный дворец бухарских эмиров "Шербудун". К изучению топонима" 6308: 6288: 6228: 5864: 5725: 5501: 5333: 5313: 5298: 5268: 5258: 5159: 5023: 4991: 4982: 4923: 2832: 2702: 2684: 2680: 2654: 2580: 1736: 1728: 1550: 1539: 1409: 1344: 1157: 983: 953: 935: 900: 680: 608: 295: 168: 4416: 662:

The exact name of the city of Bukhara in ancient times is unknown. The whole

267: 254: 6303: 6213: 6203: 6157: 6113: 5700: 5496: 5293: 5248: 5238: 5189: 5179: 5129: 5104: 5059: 5038: 5033: 4918: 4774: 4734: 4242: 4224: 2664: 2627: 2492: 2472: 1711: 1652: 1404: 1326: 1153: 987: 856: 829: 744: 687: 619: 413: 4547:-A century of change is captured in photos of a fabled Central Asian oasis. 4106:"World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Bukhara" 3807: 2432: 1714:

is associated with Abu Nasr Ahmad ibn Fazl ibn Muso al-Muzakkir al-Jandi.

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The Birth of Tajikistan. National Identity and the Origins of the Republic

3090:"Classification system of territorial units of the Republic of Uzbekistan" 6283: 6133: 6073: 6068: 5460: 5455: 5398: 5278: 5134: 4928: 4893: 4888: 4868: 2876: 2845: 2752: 2642: 2576: 2560: 2524: 2456: 1580: 1082: 1070: 1003: 939: 916: 904: 852: 789: 691: 2634:

Muhammad Ibn Ismail Ibn Ibrahim Ibn al-Mughirah Ibn Bardizbah al-Bukhari

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has regularly scheduled flights to cities in Uzbekistan and Russia. The

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is situated on Namozgoh Street, in the old city section of Bukhara. The

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on the portal of Nadir Divan-Beghi madrasah (part of Lab-i Hauz complex)

171:, and Panoramic sunset view around Po-i-Kalyan Mosque and Ark of Bukhara 119: 17: 6407: 6268: 6253: 6243: 6218: 6193: 6042: 5905: 5328: 5149: 5139: 5109: 5079: 4938: 4908: 4878: 4873: 4853: 4811: 4779: 4769: 4057: 2863: 2837: 2824: 2793: 2658: 2572: 2540: 2536: 1546: 1494: 1468: 1269: 1217: 1205: 1094: 979: 884: 848: 647: 401: 6017: 4714: 2543:. As described, this siege by Agrican resembles the historic siege by 6323: 6313: 6293: 6248: 6128: 6103: 6098: 6052: 6047: 6032: 5094: 4933: 4913: 4898: 4883: 4795: 4574: 4559: 4300: 3796: 2884: 2858: 2850: 2637: 2568: 2564: 2556: 2535:

and the knights she has befriended make their stand when attacked by

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Bukhara under siege by Red Army troops and burning, September 1, 1920

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Polymaths of Islam: Power and Networks of Knowledge in Central Asia

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Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world

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According to the official statistics, the city's population is 82%

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has listed the historic center of Bukhara (which contains numerous

6258: 6238: 6233: 6162: 6147: 6123: 6083: 5303: 4903: 3903:"Buxoro amirining zindoni odamlarni nimasi bilan vahimaga solgan?" 2806: 2648: 2622:

Many notable people lived in Bukhara in the past. Among them are:

2597: 2491: 2447:

border is about 80 km away with the nearest city there being

2431: 1677: 1651: 1614: 1545: 1513: 1436: 1432: 1359: 1315: 1264: 1167: 1086: 1048: 1037: 958: 842: 811: 4589: 2645:(Abu Ali ibn Sina) (980–1037) – Persian physician and philosopher 966:

from Bukhara are famous worldwide. This one was made before 1850.

6338: 6318: 6273: 6198: 6188: 6152: 6118: 6108: 2871: 2819: 2798: 2760:, lawyer, human rights defender, sentenced to 14 years in Russia 2484:

facilities Bukhara is the largest after Tashkent in Uzbekistan.

1149: 1122:

existed from 1920 to 1924 when the city was integrated into the

1093:). On 2 September 1920, after four days of fighting, the emir's 669:

According to some scholars, the name dates back to the Sanskrit

5909: 4953: 4815: 4593: 3818:

Jaffer Badakshi in Khasatul Munakib reference by Jeelani Allaie

6298: 3617:

The Formation of the Uzbek Nation-State: A Study in Transition

1399:: Boboyi Poradoʻz maqbarasi) is a monument of architecture in 1237:(Masjid-i Kalân), arguably completed in 1514, is equal to the 1035:, has been referred to as the "slave capitals of the world". 679:). This word is very close to the word in the language of the 3525:"Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire – The Brake on Islam" at 3225:

Asia and Oceania: International Dictionary of Historic Places

4492:

Counsel for Kings: Wisdom and Politics in Tenth-Century Iran

4353:(in Persian). Iranian Students' News Agency. 13 October 2019 1101:) was destroyed and the red flag was raised from the top of 715:('Place of Good Fortune'), a name for Buddhist monasteries. 583: 4565:

Audio interview with Bukhara resident about life in Bukhara

586: 580: 4451:

The Encyclopedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume V: Khe–Mahi

3117:"21 World Heritage Sites you have probably never heard of" 2455:

which continues to other places in Turkmenistan including

1796:

Climate data for Bukhara (1991–2020, extremes since 2000)

1077:

attacked the city of Bukhara. On 31 August 1920, the Emir

733:

Between the 19th and 20th centuries, Bukhara was known as

574: 5648:

State Museum of Culture History of Uzbekistan (Samarkand)

4553:

Timur's Legacy: The Architecture of Bukhara and Samarkand

1781:, were constructed. Special covered water reservoirs, or 1634:

In Bukhara there is a mosque which is said to be that of

4534:, Vol. II. Reprint: New Delhi, Sagar Publications, 1971. 4241:(in Uzbek). Buxoro Region administration. Archived from 2596:

The religion with the largest community of followers is

2420:(humidity), Meteomanz(snowy days 2000-2023 and records) 476: 4508:

Salama, Ashraf M.; El-Ashmouni, Marwa M., eds. (2021).

3183: 3181: 2667:(10th century) – historian who wrote History of Bukhara 4560:

UNESCO World Heritage list: Historic Centre of Bukhara

1085:

in Eastern Bukhara (later he escaped from Dushanbe to

6449:

Populated places established in the 1st millennium BC

4205:

Boiardo, Matteo Maria; Ross, Charles Stanley (1995).

4058:"Святые места Бухары: Турк-и Джанди (Тюрк из Джанда)" 595: 994:, Bukhara became a major intellectual center of the 571: 6373: 6347: 6181: 6061: 6025: 5976: 5950: 5943: 5878: 5857: 5850: 5800: 5779: 5691: 5557: 5479: 5428: 5407: 5376: 5219: 5212: 5047: 5011: 4998: 4788: 4722: 4637: 4311:– via UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository). 3575:

Caravans: Punjabi Khatri Merchants on the Silk Road

2661:

kings, historians and patrons of art and literature

577: 542: 532: 524: 516: 508: 500: 491: 471: 454: 442: 432: 422: 412: 400: 392: 384: 379: 371: 363: 355: 350: 342: 334: 329: 321: 313: 301: 283: 42: 5018: 3157:. Adam Publishers & Distributors. p. 55. 3146: 3144: 3115: 764:Since the Middle Ages, the city has been known as 638:). Bukhara has about 140 architectural monuments. 4285:. International Library of Central Asia Studies. 4108:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 3459: 1751:River, at an elevation of 751 feet (229 meters). 708:), the name Bukhara is possibly derived from the 4585:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). pp. 157–158. 4454:. Leiden and New York: BRILL. pp. 541–542. 5721:Cathedral of the Dormition of the Mother of God 1773:Water was important in the hot, dry climate of 1152:- and Tajik-speaking refugees into Bukhara and 1140:". In the latter half of the 20th century, the 753: 6365:Traditional water sources of Persian antiquity 3323:. Empires of the World. ABC-CLIO. p. 13. 3222:Ring, T.; Watson, N.; Schellinger, P. (2012). 2531:. There, within its walled city and fortress, 1638:, the patron saint of Kashmiri Muslims in the 1073:troops under the command of Bolshevik general 634:. The city has been known as "Noble Bukhara" ( 5921: 4965: 4827: 4605: 4510:Architectural Excellence in Islamic Societies 4030:HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS OF BUKHARA 3836:HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS OF BUKHARA 3758: 3756: 2673:(1171–1242) historian, scientist, and author. 2496:Uzbekistan, Bukhara, Spices and silk festival 1485:The mausoleum of Pakistan's founding father, 1160:with which the cities have no common border. 867:By 850, Bukhara served as the capital of the 76: 61: 8: 6360:Traditional Persian residential architecture 5678:The Alisher Navoi State Museum of Literature 4347:"خواهرهای ناتنی "همدان" را فراموش کرده‌اند؟" 4301:"Appendix 4: Tajik population in Uzbekistan" 3975:"Turki Jandi Mausoleum, Bukhara, Uzbekistan" 2636:(810–870) – Islamic scholar and compiler of 1061:and was besieged by the Red Army during the 760:, there is no other city with so many names. 4545:Through the Lens—the Silk Road Then and Now 938:princes before the fall of the city to the 836:culture in medieval Asia until the fall of 47: 5947: 5928: 5914: 5906: 5854: 5216: 5008: 4972: 4958: 4950: 4834: 4820: 4812: 4612: 4598: 4590: 4469:B. A. Litvinsky, Ahmad Hasan Dani (1996). 3357:. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 1-PA333. 3354:History of Central Asia, The: 4-volume set 2922:List of World Heritage Sites in Uzbekistan 1792: 39: 4430:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 5619:The Museum of Health Care of Uzbekistan 3501: 3191:The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity 3024: 2943: 2475:is 215 km to the east of Bukhara. 1619:The Magoki-Attari mosque (south façade) 630:. It was the birthplace of the scholar 470: 453: 421: 411: 399: 378: 370: 349: 328: 312: 282: 247: 175: 91: 5813:Monument to Nizami Ganjavi in Tashkent 5592:Memorial house museum of Tamara Khanum 4182:"Transport in, out and around Bukhara" 3551:. London: Picador. pp. 141, 313. 3513: 3154:Studies in Islamic History and Culture 3030: 3028: 1759:Bukhara has a typically Central Asian 1560:, and also alternatively known as the 1172:Church of Archangel Michael in Bukhara 1045:, the last emir of Bukhara, circa 1911 875:. The Samanids, claiming descent from 359:143.0 km (55.213 sq mi) 5663:Tashkent Museum of Railway Techniques 5653:State Museum of History of Uzbekistan 4550:Forbes, Andrew, & Henley, David: 4411:. London: The Royal Asiatic Society. 4274: 4272: 4128:"Klimatafel von Buchara / Usbekistan" 3256:Heirman, A.; Bumbacher, S.P. (2007). 3228:. Taylor & Francis. p. 163. 3007: 2994: 2978: 2957: 2782:The following is a list of Bukhara's 1727:is a historical memorial in Bukhara, 1697:dating back to the middle centuries. 1364:Wall of the Bukhara Fortress, the Ark 828:stretches back millennia. Along with 541: 531: 523: 515: 507: 499: 490: 441: 431: 391: 383: 362: 354: 341: 333: 320: 300: 7: 6439:Populated places along the Silk Road 5658:State Museum of Nature of Uzbekistan 4036:(in Uzbek). Bukhara: FAN VA TA`LIM. 3619:. Lexington Books. pp. 256–257. 3296:. University of Pennsylvania Press. 2766:- 8 time Olympic gymnast (born 1975) 1057:Bukhara was the last capital of the 787:The city's name was mythologized as 702:According to other sources (such as 4209:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 4137:(in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst 3854:"Buxoro amirning Shirbuddin saroyi" 3293:Buddhism and Islam on the Silk Road 2988: 2604:who make up 88% of the population. 1325:There is also a metal sculpture of 1292: 1225:derives from the Arabic word منارة 1201: 887:, the centre of the Islamic world. 832:, Bukhara was the epicentre of the 367:73.0 km (28.2 sq mi) 62: 6469:World Heritage Sites in Uzbekistan 6444:Populated places in Bukhara Region 5034:Samarkand – Crossroads of Cultures 4408:The Arab Conquests in Central Asia 2677:Syed Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari 2600:. The majority of the Muslims are 2479:Internal transportation facilities 1556:Char Minor (alternatively spelled 25: 5761:Mosque of Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani 5110:Desert Castles of Ancient Khorezm 4157:"Buhara - Weather data by months" 3386:'Bukhara i. In pre-Islamic times' 2527:and described as a major city of 1629:Mosque of Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani 1120:Bukharan People's Soviet Republic 239:Show map of West and Central Asia 6016: 5886:Chatkalskiy State Nature Reserve 5631:Political Repression in Tashkent 5367: 4981: 4713: 4025:BUXORO ME'MORIY OBIDALARI TARIXI 3831:BUXORO ME'MORIY OBIDALARI TARIXI 3128:from the original on 2022-01-12. 3060:"Bukhara definition and meaning" 2896: 2883: 2870: 2857: 2844: 2831: 2818: 2805: 2792: 1497:, was modeled after the shrine. 1347:order. The complex includes the 751:(completed AD 943–44) mentions: 567: 288: 222: 215: 189: 182: 138: 129: 118: 109: 98: 5833:Square of Martyrs in Uzbekistan 5575:Archaeological Museum of Termez 5384:Bahoutdin Architectural Complex 5090:Bahoutdin Architectural Complex 5024:Historic Centre of Shakhrisyabz 3434:Narshaki, Richard Nelson Fyre, 3409:"UMID" Foundation, Uzbekistan. 3290:Johan Elverskog (6 June 2011). 2751:professor and President of the 1530:was being subjugated under the 1341:Shaykh Baha-ud-Din or Bohoutdin 1336:Bahoutdin Architectural Complex 1124:Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic 236:Bukhara (West and Central Asia) 223: 190: 27:City in southwestern Uzbekistan 2927:Zaynab Sultan Khonim Mausoleum 2691:Sayyid Ajjal Shams al-Din Omar 1395:The Boboyi Poradoz Mausoleum ( 1339:is a necropolis commemorating 1312:, and a 17th-century madrasah. 1: 5673:Tashkent Polytechnical Museum 5180:Silk Road Sites in Uzbekistan 4448:(1986). "Ḳutayba b. Muslim". 3460:Salama & El-Ashmouni 2021 2697:Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari 2441:Bukhara International Airport 1067:the Bukhara operation of 1920 699:acting on behalf of her son. 5643:History and Material Culture 5607:The Museum of Communication 5602:Museum of Arts of Uzbekistan 5585:Bukhara State Architectural 5565:Afrasiab Museum of Samarkand 5507:Mausoleum of Sheikh Zaynudin 5446:Madrasah of Nadir Divan-begi 4571:Kropotkin, Peter Alexeivitch 3979:www.orientalarchitecture.com 3842:(in Uzbek). Buxoro: Durdona. 1562:Madrasah of Khalif Niyaz-kul 1031:, alongside the neighboring 871:, and was the birthplace of 745:Muhammad ibn Jafar Narshakhi 6459:Historic Jewish communities 6398:List of ab anbars of Qazvin 5808:Khanaka of Nadir Divan-begi 5771:St. John the Baptist Church 5760: 5539:Sheikh Mukhtar-Vali Complex 5517:Saif ed-Din Bokharzi & 5512:Mir-Sayid Bakhrom Mausoleum 5170:Sheikh Mukhtar-Vali Complex 5145:Mir-Sayid Bakhrom Mausoleum 4503:. Cornell University Press. 4379:. Iran Paradise. 5 May 2020 4022:BOBOJONOVA, FERUZA (2022). 3951:"Buxoro – qadimiy va boqiy" 3828:BOBOJONOVA, FERUZA (2022). 3741:"Nadir Divan-Begi Madrasah" 3549:The Travels of Ibn Battutah 3194:. OUP Oxford. p. 270. 2608:make up 9%, and others 3%. 2269:Average precipitation days 2055:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 1915:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 396:2,000/km (5,100/sq mi) 6490: 5792:Peoples' Friendship Palace 5519:Bayan-Quli Khan Mausoleums 5019:Historic Centre of Bukhara 4475:. UNESCO. pp. 1–569. 3720:"Nadir Divan-Begi Khanaka" 3065:Collins English Dictionary 2615: 2415: 2407: 1795: 1719:Khanqah of Nodir Devonbegi 1412:of Republican Importance. 1374: 891:flourished in Bukhara and 504:Historic Centre of Bukhara 494:UNESCO World Heritage Site 343: • Hakim (Mayor) 29: 6014: 5580:Art Gallery of Uzbekistan 5365: 5344:Siypantosh Rock Paintings 5185:Siypantosh Rock Paintings 5155:Rabati Malik Caravanserai 4849: 4711: 4627: 4082:"Nodir Devonbegi Khonaqo" 3004: 2967: 2954: 2772:(born 1985), Uzbek singer 2359: 2315: 2268: 2194: 2124: 2054: 1984: 1914: 1844: 1839: 1836: 1833: 1830: 1827: 1824: 1821: 1818: 1815: 1812: 1809: 1806: 1803: 1800: 1370:Bukhara Fortress, the Ark 793:in the Italian epic poem 556: 552: 487: 248: 176: 92: 85: 77: 48: 5441:The Madrasa of Abulkosim 5359:Zarautsoy Rock Paintings 5200:Zarautsoy Rock Paintings 5120:Historic Centre of Qoqon 3615:Sengupta, Anita (2003). 3391:January 2, 2009, at the 3151:Yusuf, P. S. M. (2005). 2671:Sadiduddin Muhammad Aufi 1389:Boboyi Poradoz Mausoleum 924:Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar 756:all the other names. In 375:225 m (738 ft) 150:From top, left to right: 32:Bukhara (disambiguation) 5624:Museum of Olympic Glory 5529:Sayyed Bahram Mausoleum 4582:Encyclopædia Britannica 4499:Pickett, James (2020). 4490:Marlow, Louise (2016). 4427:The 'Abbāsid Revolution 4373:"Tomb of Kamal-ol-Molk" 4309:University of Amsterdam 3999:"Turki Jandi maqbarasi" 2778:International relations 2749:computational chemistry 1636:Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani 1445:Ismail Samani mausoleum 1177:Architectural complexes 1146:civil war in Tajikistan 1111:)—was presided over by 161:Ismail Samani Mausoleum 6454:Cities in Central Asia 5766:Sacred Heart Cathedral 5492:Chashma-Ayub Mausoleum 5100:Chashma-Ayub Mausoleum 4424:Shaban, M. A. (1979). 4086:www.bukhara-museum.org 3547:Battutah, Ibn (2002). 3436:The History of Bukhara 3259:The Spread of Buddhism 3188:Nicholson, O. (2018). 2905:, United States (1988) 2497: 2437: 2418:Deutscher Wetterdienst 1683: 1669:Muzaffar bin Nasrullah 1657: 1620: 1553: 1522: 1418:Chashma-Ayub Mausoleum 1365: 1321: 1273: 1173: 1054: 1046: 967: 864: 821: 818:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 816:Coin belonging to the 762: 450:80-84 (2008 and newer) 448:20 (previous to 2008) 206:Show map of Uzbekistan 203:Location in Uzbekistan 5751:Magok-i-Attari Mosque 5683:Ulugh Beg Observatory 5641:Shahrisabz Museum of 5629:Museum of Victims of 5609:History in Uzbekistan 3777:"Char Minar Madrasah" 3040:www.citypopulation.de 2747:(born 1944), Israeli 2495: 2436:Bukhara train station 2435: 1708:Jandi Turki Mausoleum 1702:Jandi Turki Mausoleum 1681: 1655: 1618: 1609:Magok-i-Attari Mosque 1549: 1517: 1363: 1319: 1268: 1171: 1052: 1041: 1006:, has been listed by 962: 846: 815: 800:published in 1483 by 268:39.76667°N 64.42306°E 6464:Bukharan Jews topics 6434:Cities in Uzbekistan 6408:List of ziyarat-gahs 6355:Islamic architecture 5937:Iranian architecture 5891:Zaamin National Park 5756:Magok-i-Kurpa Mosque 5668:Tashkent Planetarium 5471:Saroyi Tash Madrasah 4843:Cities of Uzbekistan 4299:Rezvani, B. (2013). 4003:www.cartogiraffe.com 3699:"Kukeldash Madrasah" 3572:Levi, Scott (2016). 3528:History of the World 3397:Encyclopædia Iranica 2523:, Bukhara is called 2521:Matteo Maria Boiardo 2451:, connected via the 1845:Record high °C (°F) 1459:—the founder of the 1247:Mir-i Arab Madrassah 1033:slave trade in Khiva 934:, who were the last 855:. Bukhara was under 802:Matteo Maria Boiardo 776:sources. The modern 705:Encyclopædia Iranica 605:seventh-largest city 444:Vehicle registration 393: • Density 30:For other uses, see 6348:Theory and analysis 5818:Mustaqillik Maydoni 5636:Nukus Museum of Art 5587:Art Museum-Preserve 5461:Tilya-Kori Madrasah 5055:Abdulkhan Bandi Dam 4988:Tourist attractions 3638:on October 21, 2014 3351:Baumer, C. (2018). 2996:[boχɒːˈɾɒː] 2739:Muhammadjon Shakuri 2316:Average snowy days 2125:Record low °C (°F) 1985:Daily mean °C (°F) 1671:(1860–1885) in the 1598:World Heritage Fund 1487:Muhammad Ali Jinnah 1138:Italian Renaissance 1029:Bukhara slave trade 1012:World Heritage Site 847:Bukhara coinage of 652:World Heritage Site 338:City Administration 264: / 6381:Architects of Iran 6182:Traditional cities 5711:Bibi-Khanym Mosque 5451:Mir-i Arab Madrasa 5319:Obi-Rakhmat Grotto 5140:Minaret in Vobkent 5085:Arab-Ata Mausoleum 4207:Orlando innamorato 3534:2018-08-13 at the 3448:Orlando Innamorato 2764:Oksana Chusovitina 2516:Orlando innamorato 2508:Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda 2498: 2438: 1684: 1658: 1621: 1554: 1523: 1366: 1322: 1274: 1239:Bibi-Khanym Mosque 1174: 1142:war in Afghanistan 1133:Eastern Approaches 1059:Emirate of Bukhara 1055: 1047: 968: 865: 826:history of Bukhara 822: 796:Orlando Innamorato 749:History of Bukhara 677:Buddhist monastery 628:Emirate of Bukhara 624:Khanate of Bukhara 533:Reference no. 364: • Urban 273:39.76667; 64.42306 153:Po-i-Kalyan Mosque 37:City in Uzbekistan 6416: 6415: 6012: 6011: 5903: 5902: 5899: 5898: 5846: 5845: 5716:Bolo Haouz Mosque 5614:Museum of Geology 5570:Amir Timur Museum 5524:Samanid Mausoleum 5466:Ulugh Beg Madrasa 5456:Sher-Dor Madrasah 5436:Kukeldash Madrasa 5208: 5207: 5039:Western Tien-Shan 4947: 4946: 4809: 4808: 4289:. 2007. Pg. 8 ff. 4245:on March 15, 2017 4043:978-9943-8614-2-8 3364:978-1-83860-868-2 3330:978-1-61069-391-2 3303:978-0-8122-0531-2 3269:978-90-474-2006-4 3235:978-1-136-63979-1 3201:978-0-19-256246-3 3164:978-81-7435-095-4 3009:[bʊxɐˈra] 2980:[bʊχɔˈɾɔ] 2973:Bukharian dialect 2959:[bʊχɒˈɾɒ] 2853:, Pakistan (1995) 2758:Bakhrom Khamroyev 2721:Fayzulla Xoʻjayev 2665:Abubakr Narshakhi 2618:Bukhari (surname) 2424: 2423: 2362:relative humidity 1761:cool arid climate 1640:Valley of Kashmir 1532:Bolshevik Russian 1520:Bolo Haouz Mosque 1508:Bolo Haouz Mosque 1465:Abbasid Caliphate 1424:Chashma-Ayub, or 1343:, the founder of 1258:Shaibanid dynasty 1113:Fayzulla Xoʻjayev 1063:Russian Civil War 986:. Located on the 636:Bukhārā-ye sharīf 560: 559: 385: • City 356: • City 335: • Type 16:(Redirected from 6481: 6389:s, castles, and 6329:Takht-e Soleymān 6139:Persian Garden ( 6020: 5948: 5930: 5923: 5916: 5907: 5855: 5746:Khonakhan Mosque 5371: 5309:Koi Krylgan Kala 5217: 5195:Zaamin Mountains 5115:Gissar Mountains 5009: 4986: 4985: 4974: 4967: 4960: 4951: 4836: 4829: 4822: 4813: 4717: 4614: 4607: 4600: 4591: 4586: 4578: 4513: 4504: 4495: 4486: 4465: 4441: 4420: 4389: 4388: 4386: 4384: 4377:iranparadise.com 4369: 4363: 4362: 4360: 4358: 4343: 4337: 4336: 4334: 4333: 4319: 4313: 4312: 4307:(Dissertation). 4296: 4290: 4276: 4267: 4261: 4255: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4235: 4229: 4228: 4202: 4196: 4195: 4193: 4192: 4178: 4172: 4171: 4169: 4167: 4153: 4147: 4146: 4144: 4142: 4132: 4124: 4118: 4117: 4115: 4113: 4102: 4096: 4095: 4093: 4092: 4078: 4072: 4071: 4069: 4068: 4054: 4048: 4047: 4035: 4019: 4013: 4012: 4010: 4009: 3995: 3989: 3988: 3986: 3985: 3971: 3965: 3964: 3962: 3961: 3947: 3941: 3940: 3938: 3937: 3927:"BUXORO ZINDONI" 3923: 3917: 3916: 3914: 3913: 3899: 3893: 3892: 3890: 3889: 3875: 3869: 3868: 3866: 3865: 3850: 3844: 3843: 3841: 3825: 3819: 3816: 3810: 3805: 3799: 3794: 3788: 3787: 3785: 3783: 3772: 3766: 3765: 3760: 3751: 3750: 3748: 3747: 3736: 3730: 3729: 3727: 3726: 3715: 3709: 3708: 3706: 3705: 3694: 3688: 3687: 3685: 3683: 3672: 3666: 3663: 3657: 3654: 3648: 3647: 3645: 3643: 3634:. Archived from 3632:"Kalyan Minaret" 3627: 3621: 3620: 3612: 3606: 3603: 3597: 3596: 3594: 3592: 3569: 3563: 3562: 3544: 3538: 3523: 3517: 3511: 3505: 3499: 3493: 3492: 3490: 3488: 3478: 3472: 3469: 3463: 3457: 3451: 3445: 3439: 3432: 3426: 3425: 3423: 3422: 3413:. Archived from 3406: 3400: 3384:Richard N Frye, 3382: 3376: 3375: 3373: 3371: 3348: 3342: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3317:Kia, M. (2016). 3314: 3308: 3307: 3287: 3281: 3280: 3278: 3276: 3253: 3247: 3246: 3244: 3242: 3219: 3213: 3212: 3210: 3208: 3185: 3176: 3175: 3173: 3171: 3148: 3139: 3136: 3130: 3129: 3119: 3112: 3106: 3105: 3100: 3094: 3093: 3086: 3080: 3079: 3077: 3076: 3056: 3050: 3049: 3047: 3046: 3032: 3012: 3011: 3006: 2998: 2990: 2982: 2976: 2969: 2961: 2956: 2948: 2901: 2900: 2888: 2887: 2875: 2874: 2862: 2861: 2849: 2848: 2836: 2835: 2823: 2822: 2810: 2809: 2801:, Germany (1999) 2797: 2796: 2770:Yulduz Turdiyeva 2733:Sorojon Yusufova 2727:Ibraghim Muminov 2606:Eastern Orthodox 2272: 1793: 1665:Shirbudun saroyi 1661:Shirbudun Palace 1656:Shirbudun Palace 1647:Shirbudun Palace 1294: 1203: 1021:besieged Bukhara 932:Emirs of Bukhara 903:empires, namely 895:, the father of 820:found in Bukhara 599: 593: 592: 589: 588: 585: 582: 579: 576: 573: 483: 480: 478: 467: 294: 292: 291: 279: 278: 276: 275: 274: 269: 265: 262: 261: 260: 257: 240: 226: 225: 219: 207: 193: 192: 186: 142: 133: 122: 113: 102: 80: 79: 73: 65: 64: 59: 51: 50: 40: 21: 6489: 6488: 6484: 6483: 6482: 6480: 6479: 6478: 6419: 6418: 6417: 6412: 6403:List of mosques 6369: 6343: 6177: 6057: 6021: 6008: 5972: 5939: 5934: 5904: 5895: 5874: 5842: 5796: 5775: 5693: 5687: 5642: 5630: 5608: 5586: 5553: 5518: 5475: 5424: 5403: 5372: 5363: 5221: 5220:Archaeological 5204: 5043: 5003: 5001: 4994: 4980: 4978: 4948: 4943: 4845: 4840: 4810: 4805: 4784: 4718: 4709: 4633: 4623: 4618: 4576:"Bokhara" 4569: 4541: 4520: 4518:Further reading 4507: 4498: 4489: 4483: 4468: 4462: 4444: 4438: 4423: 4401: 4398: 4393: 4392: 4382: 4380: 4371: 4370: 4366: 4356: 4354: 4345: 4344: 4340: 4331: 4329: 4321: 4320: 4316: 4298: 4297: 4293: 4277: 4270: 4262: 4258: 4248: 4246: 4237: 4236: 4232: 4217: 4204: 4203: 4199: 4190: 4188: 4180: 4179: 4175: 4165: 4163: 4155: 4154: 4150: 4140: 4138: 4130: 4126: 4125: 4121: 4111: 4109: 4104: 4103: 4099: 4090: 4088: 4080: 4079: 4075: 4066: 4064: 4056: 4055: 4051: 4044: 4033: 4021: 4020: 4016: 4007: 4005: 3997: 3996: 3992: 3983: 3981: 3973: 3972: 3968: 3959: 3957: 3949: 3948: 3944: 3935: 3933: 3925: 3924: 3920: 3911: 3909: 3901: 3900: 3896: 3887: 3885: 3877: 3876: 3872: 3863: 3861: 3860:. 20 April 2023 3852: 3851: 3847: 3839: 3827: 3826: 3822: 3817: 3813: 3806: 3802: 3795: 3791: 3781: 3779: 3774: 3773: 3769: 3763: 3761: 3754: 3745: 3743: 3738: 3737: 3733: 3724: 3722: 3717: 3716: 3712: 3703: 3701: 3696: 3695: 3691: 3681: 3679: 3674: 3673: 3669: 3664: 3660: 3655: 3651: 3641: 3639: 3629: 3628: 3624: 3614: 3613: 3609: 3604: 3600: 3590: 3588: 3586: 3571: 3570: 3566: 3559: 3546: 3545: 3541: 3536:Wayback Machine 3524: 3520: 3512: 3508: 3500: 3496: 3486: 3484: 3480: 3479: 3475: 3470: 3466: 3458: 3454: 3446: 3442: 3433: 3429: 3420: 3418: 3408: 3407: 3403: 3393:Wayback Machine 3383: 3379: 3369: 3367: 3365: 3350: 3349: 3345: 3335: 3333: 3331: 3316: 3315: 3311: 3304: 3289: 3288: 3284: 3274: 3272: 3270: 3255: 3254: 3250: 3240: 3238: 3236: 3221: 3220: 3216: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3187: 3186: 3179: 3169: 3167: 3165: 3150: 3149: 3142: 3137: 3133: 3122:Daily Telegraph 3114: 3113: 3109: 3103: 3101: 3097: 3088: 3087: 3083: 3074: 3072: 3058: 3057: 3053: 3044: 3042: 3034: 3033: 3026: 3021: 3016: 3015: 2971: 2949: 2945: 2940: 2935: 2913: 2908: 2895: 2892:, France (1999) 2890:Rueil-Malmaison 2882: 2869: 2856: 2843: 2830: 2817: 2804: 2791: 2780: 2775: 2745:Yitzhak Apeloig 2715:Abdurauf Fitrat 2620: 2614: 2594: 2553: 2490: 2481: 2430: 2425: 2270: 2263: 2258: 2253: 2248: 2243: 2238: 2233: 2228: 2223: 2218: 2213: 2208: 2203: 2189: 2184: 2179: 2174: 2169: 2164: 2159: 2154: 2149: 2144: 2139: 2134: 2129: 2119: 2114: 2109: 2104: 2099: 2094: 2089: 2084: 2079: 2074: 2069: 2064: 2059: 2049: 2044: 2039: 2034: 2029: 2024: 2019: 2014: 2009: 2004: 1999: 1994: 1989: 1979: 1974: 1969: 1964: 1959: 1954: 1949: 1944: 1939: 1934: 1929: 1924: 1919: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1884: 1879: 1874: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1757: 1745: 1725:Nodir Devonbegi 1673:Bukhara Emirate 1534:rule in 1920s. 1528:emir of Bukhara 1503: 1489:, known as the 1461:Samanid dynasty 1384: 1379: 1358: 1327:Nasruddin Hodja 1320:Nasruddin Hodja 1253:Ubaidullah Khan 1179: 1166: 1128:Fitzroy Maclean 964:Suzani textiles 881:Persian culture 838:Timurid dynasty 810: 660: 597: 570: 566: 496: 475: 465: 449: 428: 407: 289: 287: 272: 270: 266: 263: 258: 255: 253: 251: 250: 244: 243: 242: 241: 238: 237: 234: 233: 232: 231: 227: 210: 209: 208: 205: 204: 201: 200: 199: 198: 194: 172: 159:in the middle, 147: 146: 145: 144: 143: 135: 134: 125: 124: 123: 115: 114: 105: 104: 103: 88: 81: 74: 67: 60: 53: 49:Бухоро / Buxoro 45: 38: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6487: 6485: 6477: 6476: 6474:Sogdian cities 6471: 6466: 6461: 6456: 6451: 6446: 6441: 6436: 6431: 6421: 6420: 6414: 6413: 6411: 6410: 6405: 6400: 6395: 6383: 6377: 6375: 6371: 6370: 6368: 6367: 6362: 6357: 6351: 6349: 6345: 6344: 6342: 6341: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6281: 6276: 6271: 6266: 6261: 6256: 6251: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6231: 6226: 6221: 6216: 6211: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6191: 6185: 6183: 6179: 6178: 6176: 6175: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6136: 6131: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6101: 6096: 6094:Dalan e Vorudi 6091: 6086: 6081: 6076: 6071: 6065: 6063: 6059: 6058: 6056: 6055: 6050: 6045: 6040: 6035: 6029: 6027: 6023: 6022: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6009: 6007: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5991: 5986: 5980: 5978: 5974: 5973: 5971: 5970: 5965: 5963:Parthian style 5960: 5954: 5952: 5945: 5941: 5940: 5935: 5933: 5932: 5925: 5918: 5910: 5901: 5900: 5897: 5896: 5894: 5893: 5888: 5882: 5880: 5879:National parks 5876: 5875: 5873: 5872: 5867: 5861: 5859: 5852: 5848: 5847: 5844: 5843: 5841: 5840: 5838:Tashkent Tower 5835: 5830: 5825: 5820: 5815: 5810: 5804: 5802: 5798: 5797: 5795: 5794: 5789: 5783: 5781: 5777: 5776: 5774: 5773: 5768: 5763: 5758: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5741:Kalyan minaret 5738: 5733: 5728: 5723: 5718: 5713: 5708: 5703: 5697: 5695: 5689: 5688: 5686: 5685: 5680: 5675: 5670: 5665: 5660: 5655: 5650: 5645: 5638: 5633: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5604: 5599: 5597:Museum Afshona 5594: 5589: 5582: 5577: 5572: 5567: 5561: 5559: 5555: 5554: 5552: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5514: 5509: 5504: 5499: 5494: 5489: 5487:Ak Astana-Baba 5483: 5481: 5477: 5476: 5474: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5458: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5432: 5430: 5426: 5425: 5423: 5422: 5417: 5415:Ark of Bukhara 5411: 5409: 5405: 5404: 5402: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5386: 5380: 5378: 5374: 5373: 5366: 5364: 5362: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5346: 5341: 5336: 5331: 5326: 5321: 5316: 5311: 5306: 5301: 5296: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5274:Guldursun-Kala 5271: 5266: 5264:Dalverzin Tepe 5261: 5256: 5251: 5246: 5241: 5236: 5234:Akchakhan-Kala 5231: 5225: 5223: 5214: 5210: 5209: 5206: 5205: 5203: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5117: 5112: 5107: 5102: 5097: 5092: 5087: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5070:Ancient Termiz 5067: 5065:Ak Astana-Baba 5062: 5057: 5051: 5049: 5048:Tentative list 5045: 5044: 5042: 5041: 5036: 5031: 5026: 5021: 5015: 5013: 5006: 4996: 4995: 4979: 4977: 4976: 4969: 4962: 4954: 4945: 4944: 4942: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4856: 4850: 4847: 4846: 4841: 4839: 4838: 4831: 4824: 4816: 4807: 4806: 4804: 4803: 4798: 4792: 4790: 4786: 4785: 4783: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4752: 4747: 4742: 4737: 4732: 4726: 4724: 4720: 4719: 4712: 4710: 4708: 4707: 4702: 4697: 4692: 4687: 4682: 4677: 4672: 4667: 4662: 4657: 4652: 4647: 4641: 4639: 4635: 4634: 4628: 4625: 4624: 4621:Bukhara Region 4619: 4617: 4616: 4609: 4602: 4594: 4588: 4587: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4548: 4540: 4539:External links 4537: 4536: 4535: 4519: 4516: 4515: 4514: 4505: 4496: 4487: 4481: 4466: 4460: 4446:Bosworth, C.E. 4442: 4436: 4421: 4403:Gibb, H. A. R. 4397: 4394: 4391: 4390: 4364: 4338: 4327:www.orexca.com 4314: 4291: 4268: 4256: 4230: 4215: 4197: 4173: 4148: 4119: 4097: 4073: 4049: 4042: 4014: 3990: 3966: 3942: 3918: 3894: 3870: 3845: 3820: 3811: 3800: 3789: 3775:Dmitriy Page. 3767: 3752: 3739:Dmitriy Page. 3731: 3718:Dmitriy Page. 3710: 3697:Dmitriy Page. 3689: 3675:Dmitriy Page. 3667: 3658: 3649: 3630:Dmitriy Page. 3622: 3607: 3598: 3584: 3578:. Penguin UK. 3564: 3557: 3539: 3518: 3506: 3494: 3473: 3464: 3452: 3440: 3427: 3411:"General Info" 3401: 3377: 3363: 3343: 3329: 3309: 3302: 3282: 3268: 3248: 3234: 3214: 3200: 3177: 3163: 3140: 3131: 3107: 3095: 3081: 3051: 3023: 3022: 3020: 3017: 3014: 3013: 2942: 2941: 2939: 2936: 2934: 2931: 2930: 2929: 2924: 2919: 2912: 2909: 2907: 2906: 2893: 2880: 2867: 2854: 2841: 2828: 2815: 2814:, Spain (1983) 2802: 2788: 2779: 2776: 2774: 2773: 2767: 2761: 2755: 2742: 2736: 2730: 2724: 2718: 2712: 2709:Sadriddin Ayni 2706: 2705:(died in 1370) 2700: 2694: 2688: 2674: 2668: 2662: 2652: 2646: 2640: 2631: 2624: 2613: 2612:Notable people 2610: 2593: 2590: 2585:Tajik-speaking 2552: 2549: 2489: 2486: 2480: 2477: 2471:. The city of 2461:Mazar-i-Sharif 2429: 2428:Transportation 2426: 2422: 2421: 2413: 2412: 2405: 2404: 2401: 2398: 2395: 2392: 2389: 2386: 2383: 2380: 2377: 2374: 2371: 2368: 2365: 2357: 2356: 2353: 2350: 2347: 2344: 2341: 2338: 2335: 2332: 2329: 2326: 2323: 2320: 2317: 2313: 2312: 2309: 2306: 2303: 2300: 2297: 2294: 2291: 2288: 2285: 2282: 2279: 2276: 2273: 2266: 2265: 2260: 2255: 2250: 2245: 2240: 2235: 2230: 2225: 2220: 2215: 2210: 2205: 2200: 2192: 2191: 2186: 2181: 2176: 2171: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2151: 2146: 2141: 2136: 2131: 2126: 2122: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2106: 2101: 2096: 2091: 2086: 2081: 2076: 2071: 2066: 2061: 2056: 2052: 2051: 2046: 2041: 2036: 2031: 2026: 2021: 2016: 2011: 2006: 2001: 1996: 1991: 1986: 1982: 1981: 1976: 1971: 1966: 1961: 1956: 1951: 1946: 1941: 1936: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1912: 1911: 1906: 1901: 1896: 1891: 1886: 1881: 1876: 1871: 1866: 1861: 1856: 1851: 1846: 1842: 1841: 1838: 1835: 1832: 1829: 1826: 1823: 1820: 1817: 1814: 1811: 1808: 1805: 1802: 1798: 1797: 1791: 1756: 1753: 1744: 1741: 1722: 1721: 1705: 1704: 1694:Bukhara Prison 1691: 1690: 1688:Bukhara Prison 1682:Bukhara Prison 1650: 1649: 1632: 1631: 1613: 1612: 1572:ceremonies of 1544: 1543: 1512: 1511: 1502: 1499: 1449: 1448: 1422: 1421: 1401:Bukhara Region 1393: 1392: 1383: 1380: 1377:Ark of Bukhara 1375:Main article: 1373: 1372: 1357: 1354: 1353: 1352: 1331: 1330: 1314: 1313: 1263: 1262: 1243: 1230: 1213:Kalyan minaret 1209: 1178: 1175: 1165: 1162: 1103:Kalyan Minaret 1075:Mikhail Frunze 1043:Amir Alim Khan 976:Bukhara Region 970:It is now the 897:Persian poetry 879:, rejuvenated 869:Samanid Empire 809: 806: 739:the Great Game 697:a queen regent 659: 656: 613:Bukhara Region 558: 557: 554: 553: 550: 549: 544: 540: 539: 534: 530: 529: 526: 522: 521: 518: 514: 513: 510: 506: 505: 502: 498: 497: 492: 489: 488: 485: 484: 473: 469: 468: 459: 452: 451: 446: 440: 439: 436: 430: 429: 426: 424: 420: 419: 416: 410: 409: 404: 398: 397: 394: 390: 389: 386: 382: 381: 377: 376: 373: 369: 368: 365: 361: 360: 357: 353: 352: 348: 347: 344: 340: 339: 336: 332: 331: 327: 326: 323: 319: 318: 317:6th century BC 315: 311: 310: 305: 299: 298: 285: 281: 280: 246: 245: 235: 229: 228: 221: 220: 214: 213: 212: 211: 202: 196: 195: 188: 187: 181: 180: 179: 178: 177: 174: 173: 165:Ark of Bukhara 157:Kalyan Minaret 148: 137: 136: 128: 127: 126: 117: 116: 108: 107: 106: 97: 96: 95: 94: 93: 90: 89: 86: 83: 82: 75: 46: 43: 36: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6486: 6475: 6472: 6470: 6467: 6465: 6462: 6460: 6457: 6455: 6452: 6450: 6447: 6445: 6442: 6440: 6437: 6435: 6432: 6430: 6427: 6426: 6424: 6409: 6406: 6404: 6401: 6399: 6396: 6394: 6392: 6388: 6384: 6382: 6379: 6378: 6376: 6372: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6352: 6350: 6346: 6340: 6337: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6280: 6277: 6275: 6272: 6270: 6267: 6265: 6262: 6260: 6257: 6255: 6252: 6250: 6247: 6245: 6242: 6240: 6237: 6235: 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p. 63. 3515: 3510: 3507: 3504:, p. 46. 3503: 3498: 3495: 3483: 3477: 3474: 3468: 3465: 3462:, p. 84. 3461: 3456: 3453: 3449: 3444: 3441: 3437: 3431: 3428: 3417:on 2001-01-26 3416: 3412: 3405: 3402: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3387: 3381: 3378: 3366: 3360: 3356: 3355: 3347: 3344: 3332: 3326: 3322: 3321: 3313: 3310: 3305: 3299: 3295: 3294: 3286: 3283: 3271: 3265: 3261: 3260: 3252: 3249: 3237: 3231: 3227: 3226: 3218: 3215: 3203: 3197: 3193: 3192: 3184: 3182: 3178: 3166: 3160: 3156: 3155: 3147: 3145: 3141: 3135: 3132: 3127: 3123: 3118: 3111: 3108: 3099: 3096: 3091: 3085: 3082: 3071: 3070:HarperCollins 3067: 3066: 3061: 3055: 3052: 3041: 3037: 3031: 3029: 3025: 3018: 3010: 3002: 2997: 2993: 2986: 2981: 2974: 2965: 2960: 2952: 2947: 2944: 2937: 2932: 2928: 2925: 2923: 2920: 2918: 2915: 2914: 2910: 2904: 2899: 2894: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2878: 2873: 2868: 2865: 2860: 2855: 2852: 2847: 2842: 2839: 2834: 2829: 2826: 2821: 2816: 2813: 2808: 2803: 2800: 2795: 2790: 2789: 2787: 2785: 2784:sister cities 2777: 2771: 2768: 2765: 2762: 2759: 2756: 2754: 2750: 2746: 2743: 2740: 2737: 2734: 2731: 2728: 2725: 2722: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2695: 2692: 2689: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2675: 2672: 2669: 2666: 2663: 2660: 2656: 2653: 2650: 2647: 2644: 2641: 2639: 2635: 2632: 2629: 2626: 2625: 2623: 2619: 2611: 2609: 2607: 2603: 2602:Sunni Muslims 2599: 2591: 2589: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2574: 2570: 2566: 2562: 2558: 2551:Ethnic groups 2550: 2548: 2546: 2542: 2539:, emperor of 2538: 2534: 2530: 2526: 2522: 2518: 2517: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2503: 2502:Bukharan Jews 2494: 2487: 2485: 2478: 2476: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2434: 2427: 2419: 2414: 2411: 2406: 2402: 2399: 2396: 2393: 2390: 2387: 2384: 2381: 2378: 2375: 2372: 2369: 2366: 2363: 2358: 2354: 2351: 2348: 2345: 2342: 2339: 2336: 2333: 2330: 2327: 2324: 2321: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2307: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2295: 2292: 2289: 2286: 2283: 2280: 2277: 2274: 2267: 2261: 2256: 2251: 2246: 2241: 2236: 2231: 2226: 2221: 2216: 2211: 2206: 2201: 2198: 2197:precipitation 2193: 2187: 2182: 2177: 2172: 2167: 2162: 2157: 2152: 2147: 2142: 2137: 2132: 2127: 2123: 2117: 2112: 2107: 2102: 2097: 2092: 2087: 2082: 2077: 2072: 2067: 2062: 2057: 2053: 2047: 2042: 2037: 2032: 2027: 2022: 2017: 2012: 2007: 2002: 1997: 1992: 1987: 1983: 1977: 1972: 1967: 1962: 1957: 1952: 1947: 1942: 1937: 1932: 1927: 1922: 1917: 1913: 1907: 1902: 1897: 1892: 1887: 1882: 1877: 1872: 1867: 1862: 1857: 1852: 1847: 1843: 1799: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1784: 1780: 1776: 1771: 1769: 1766: 1762: 1754: 1752: 1750: 1742: 1740: 1738: 1734: 1733:Imamquli Khan 1730: 1726: 1720: 1717: 1716: 1715: 1713: 1709: 1703: 1700: 1699: 1698: 1695: 1689: 1686: 1685: 1680: 1676: 1674: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1654: 1648: 1645: 1644: 1643: 1641: 1637: 1630: 1627: 1626: 1625: 1617: 1611: 1610: 1606: 1605: 1604: 1601: 1599: 1595: 1590: 1585: 1582: 1577: 1575: 1569: 1567: 1566:Janid dynasty 1563: 1559: 1552: 1548: 1542: 1541: 1537: 1536: 1535: 1533: 1529: 1521: 1516: 1510: 1509: 1505: 1504: 1500: 1498: 1496: 1492: 1491:Mazar-e-Quaid 1488: 1483: 1481: 1476: 1472: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1457:Ismail Samani 1454: 1453:Central Asian 1447: 1446: 1442: 1441: 1440: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1428: 1420: 1419: 1415: 1414: 1413: 1411: 1406: 1402: 1398: 1391: 1390: 1386: 1385: 1381: 1378: 1371: 1368: 1367: 1362: 1355: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1337: 1333: 1332: 1328: 1324: 1323: 1318: 1311: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1280: 1276: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1259: 1254: 1250: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1235: 1231: 1228: 1224: 1219: 1215: 1214: 1210: 1207: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1185: 1181: 1180: 1176: 1170: 1163: 1161: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1134: 1129: 1125: 1121: 1116: 1114: 1110: 1109: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 1051: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1034: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1019: 1015: 1013: 1009: 1005: 1001: 997: 996:Islamic world 993: 989: 985: 981: 977: 973: 965: 961: 957: 955: 950: 948: 943: 941: 937: 933: 929: 926:was the last 925: 920: 918: 914: 910: 906: 902: 898: 894: 890: 886: 882: 878: 877:Bahram Chobin 874: 870: 862: 858: 854: 850: 845: 841: 839: 835: 831: 827: 819: 814: 807: 805: 803: 799: 797: 792: 791: 785: 783: 779: 775: 771: 767: 761: 759: 752: 750: 746: 742: 740: 736: 731: 729: 725: 721: 716: 714: 711: 707: 706: 700: 698: 693: 689: 686: 682: 678: 674: 673: 667: 665: 657: 655: 653: 649: 645: 641: 637: 633: 629: 625: 621: 616: 614: 610: 606: 602: 601: 591: 564: 555: 551: 548: 545: 538: 535: 527: 519: 511: 503: 501:Official name 495: 486: 482: 474: 464: 460: 457: 447: 445: 437: 435: 425: 417: 415: 405: 403: 395: 387: 374: 366: 358: 346:Jamol Nosirov 345: 337: 324: 322:First mention 316: 309: 306: 304: 297: 286: 277: 249:Coordinates: 218: 185: 170: 166: 162: 158: 154: 151: 141: 132: 121: 112: 101: 84: 71: 57: 41: 33: 19: 6390: 6386: 6208: 6168:Windcatchers 6140: 5870:Lake Charvak 5828:Siyob Bazaar 5823:Rabati Malik 5736:Kalân Mosque 5534:Shah-i-Zinda 5349:Tavka Kurgan 5254:Balalyk Tepe 4863: 4765:Qorovulbozor 4729: 4685:Qorovulbozor 4645:Bukhara City 4644: 4630: 4580: 4556:(CPA Media). 4551: 4531: 4512:. Routledge. 4509: 4500: 4491: 4471: 4450: 4426: 4407: 4381:. Retrieved 4376: 4367: 4355:. Retrieved 4350: 4341: 4330:. Retrieved 4326: 4317: 4304: 4294: 4282: 4264: 4259: 4247:. Retrieved 4243:the original 4233: 4206: 4200: 4189:. Retrieved 4186:Caravanistan 4185: 4176: 4164:. Retrieved 4160: 4151: 4139:. Retrieved 4134: 4122: 4110:. Retrieved 4100: 4089:. Retrieved 4085: 4076: 4065:. Retrieved 4062:islamsng.com 4061: 4052: 4029: 4024: 4017: 4006:. Retrieved 4002: 3993: 3982:. Retrieved 3978: 3969: 3958:. Retrieved 3954: 3945: 3934:. Retrieved 3930: 3921: 3910:. Retrieved 3906: 3897: 3886:. Retrieved 3882: 3873: 3862:. Retrieved 3858:buxelektr.uz 3857: 3848: 3835: 3830: 3823: 3814: 3803: 3792: 3780:. Retrieved 3770: 3764:(in Russian) 3744:. Retrieved 3734: 3723:. Retrieved 3713: 3702:. Retrieved 3692: 3680:. Retrieved 3677:"Mir-i-Arab" 3670: 3661: 3652: 3640:. Retrieved 3636:the original 3625: 3616: 3610: 3601: 3589:. Retrieved 3574: 3567: 3548: 3542: 3527: 3521: 3509: 3502:Pickett 2020 3497: 3485:. Retrieved 3476: 3467: 3455: 3447: 3443: 3435: 3430: 3419:. Retrieved 3415:the original 3404: 3380: 3368:. Retrieved 3353: 3346: 3334:. Retrieved 3319: 3312: 3292: 3285: 3273:. Retrieved 3258: 3251: 3239:. Retrieved 3224: 3217: 3205:. Retrieved 3190: 3168:. Retrieved 3153: 3134: 3121: 3110: 3104:(in Russian) 3098: 3084: 3073:. Retrieved 3063: 3054: 3043:. Retrieved 3039: 2991: 2946: 2840:, Tajikistan 2781: 2683:, 1199–1291 2679:(c. 595–690 2630:(c. 703–757) 2621: 2595: 2554: 2545:Genghis Khan 2514: 2506: 2499: 2488:Demographics 2482: 2445:Turkmenistan 2439: 2199:mm (inches) 1787: 1782: 1778: 1775:Central Asia 1772: 1767: 1758: 1746: 1723: 1718: 1706: 1701: 1692: 1687: 1664: 1659: 1646: 1633: 1628: 1622: 1607: 1602: 1586: 1578: 1570: 1561: 1557: 1555: 1538: 1524: 1506: 1484: 1480:Genghis Khan 1477: 1473: 1450: 1443: 1425: 1423: 1416: 1394: 1387: 1369: 1348: 1334: 1300: 1296: 1284: 1277: 1245: 1234:Kalân Mosque 1232: 1226: 1222: 1211: 1193: 1189: 1188:. The title 1182: 1131: 1117: 1106: 1098: 1056: 1018:Genghis Khan 1016: 969: 951: 944: 921: 873:Imam Bukhari 866: 861:until AD 861 823: 794: 788: 786: 781: 780:spelling is 765: 763: 754: 748: 743: 734: 732: 727: 723: 720:Tang dynasty 717: 712: 703: 701: 670: 668: 661: 635: 632:Imam Bukhari 617: 562: 561: 149: 6264:Khorramabad 5951:Pre-Islamic 5544:Sheihantaur 5394:Po-i-Kalyan 5389:Lyab-i Hauz 5354:Toprak-Kala 5339:Shahrukhiya 5284:Itchan Kala 5244:Ancient Pap 5175:Shohimardon 5165:Shahrukhiya 5075:Ancient Pap 5029:Itchan Kala 4528:Trebeck, G. 4383:15 November 4287:I.B. Tauris 4279:Paul Bergne 4141:16 December 4112:January 19, 3782:October 14, 3682:October 20, 3642:October 14, 3514:Marlow 2016 3487:19 November 2917:Bukhara rug 2741:(1925–2012) 2735:(1910–1966) 2729:(1908–1974) 2723:(1896–1938) 2717:(1886–1938) 2711:(1878–1954) 2699:(1318–1389) 2693:(1211–1279) 2469:M39 highway 2465:Afghanistan 2453:M37 highway 2449:Türkmenabat 1297:by the pond 1249:(1535–1536) 1184:Po-i-Kalyan 1091:Afghanistan 947:Karakhanids 913:Khwarazmids 909:Karakhanids 889:New Persian 768:/ بخارا in 271: / 6423:Categories 6309:Shahrisabz 6289:Persepolis 6279:Nakhchivan 6229:Gur-e-Amir 5958:Achaemenid 5865:Aydar Lake 5726:Chor Minor 5694:of worship 5502:Gur-e-Amir 5480:Mausoleums 5334:Sarmishsay 5314:Kyzyl-Kala 5299:Khalchayan 5289:Kafir-kala 5269:Fayaz Tepe 5259:Burchmullo 5160:Sarmishsay 4992:Uzbekistan 4924:Shahrisabz 4801:Yangibozor 4650:Kogon City 4332:2021-02-12 4191:2021-03-15 4091:2023-12-11 4067:2023-11-16 4008:2023-11-16 3984:2023-11-16 3960:2023-11-14 3936:2023-11-14 3931:uzsmart.uz 3912:2023-11-14 3888:2023-11-13 3864:2023-11-13 3746:2007-10-04 3725:2007-10-04 3704:2007-10-04 3421:2007-10-04 3075:2023-06-25 3045:2024-02-10 2933:References 2703:Amir Kulal 2616:See also: 2581:Ukrainians 2416:Source 2: 2408:Source 1: 2271:(≥ 1.0 mm) 1737:Uzbekistan 1729:Uzbekistan 1596:under the 1558:Chor Minor 1551:Char Minar 1540:Char Minar 1429:'s spring, 1410:Uzbekistan 1382:Mausoleums 1345:Naqshbandi 1295:, meaning 1285:Lab-e hauz 1279:Lab-i Hauz 1190:Po-i Kalan 1158:Tajikistan 984:Uzbekistan 954:Naqshbandi 936:Persianate 901:Persianate 609:Uzbekistan 525:Designated 520:ii, iv, vi 402:Demonym(s) 380:Population 330:Government 296:Uzbekistan 259:64°25′23″E 256:39°46′00″N 169:Chor Minor 6304:Samarkand 6214:Ctesiphon 6158:Shabestan 6114:Imamzadeh 6089:Chahartaq 5701:Ak Mosque 5497:Chor-Bakr 5377:Complexes 5294:Kara Tepe 5249:Ayaz-Kala 5239:Akhsikath 5229:Afrasiyab 5190:Varakhsha 5135:Khazarasp 5130:Khanbandi 5105:Chor-Bakr 5060:Akhsikath 4919:Samarkand 4775:Shofirkon 4745:Gʻijduvon 4735:Galaosiyo 4700:Shofirkon 4660:Gʻijduvon 4638:Districts 4629:Capital: 4417:685253133 4161:meteomanz 3955:otpusk.uz 3482:"Bukhara" 3019:Citations 2628:An Lushan 2547:in 1220. 2473:Samarkand 1749:Zeravshan 1743:Geography 1712:mausoleum 1589:Christian 1405:mausoleum 1194:Poi Kalân 1164:Landmarks 1154:Samarkand 1079:Alim Khan 1065:. During 1004:madrassas 988:Silk Road 883:far from 857:Caliphate 830:Samarkand 688:Buddhists 620:Silk Road 603:) is the 438:(+998) 65 434:Area code 414:Time zone 408:Bukharian 372:Elevation 155:with the 6284:Nishapur 6173:Yakhchāl 6134:Panjdari 6074:Andaruni 6069:Ab anbar 6062:Elements 6043:Khaneqah 5994:Ilkhanid 5968:Sasanian 5780:Theaters 5429:Madrasas 5399:Registan 5279:Hazorasp 5213:Cultural 5002:Heritage 4929:Tashkent 4894:Namangan 4889:Margilan 4869:Chirchiq 4760:Qorakoʻl 4680:Qorakoʻl 4573:(1911). 4530:(1841). 4405:(1923). 4249:March 4, 4225:32277275 3591:12 April 3532:Archived 3389:Archived 3126:Archived 2911:See also 2903:Santa Fe 2877:Nishapur 2866:, Turkey 2753:Technion 2643:Avicenna 2592:Religion 2577:Turkmens 2561:Russians 2533:Angelica 2525:Albracca 2467:via the 2457:Ashgabat 2360:Average 2195:Average 2190:(−10.3) 2130:(−10.3) 1910:(115.2) 1895:(100.0) 1890:(102.4) 1885:(112.3) 1880:(114.4) 1875:(115.2) 1870:(109.4) 1865:(100.8) 1783:sardobas 1663:(Uzbek: 1581:madrasah 1356:Fortress 1202:پای کلان 1148:brought 1083:Dushanbe 1081:fled to 1071:Red Army 992:Samanids 940:red army 917:Timurids 905:Samanids 859:control 853:al-Mahdi 790:Albracca 758:Khorasan 692:Buddhism 648:madrasas 517:Criteria 512:Cultural 461:0.734 · 423:Postcode 406:Bukharan 18:Bukharan 6429:Bukhara 6391:ghal'eh 6269:Mashhad 6254:Kashmar 6244:Isfahan 6219:Derbent 6209:Bukhara 6194:Andijan 6048:Mosques 6033:Bazaars 6004:Safavid 5999:Timurid 5977:Islamic 5944:Periods 5851:Natural 5692:Places 5558:Museums 5329:Poykent 5150:Poykent 5080:Andijan 4939:Urgench 4909:Olmaliq 4879:Jizzakh 4874:Fergana 4864:Bukhara 4854:Andijan 4780:Vobkent 4770:Romitan 4730:Bukhara 4705:Vobkent 4695:Romitan 4655:Bukhara 4631:Bukhara 4396:Sources 4357:19 June 4351:isna.ir 4166:10 July 3438:, p. 27 3001:Russian 2985:Persian 2977:בוכארא 2864:Malatya 2838:Khujand 2825:Hamadan 2812:Córdoba 2659:Samanid 2655:Bal'ami 2638:hadiths 2573:Koreans 2541:Tartary 2537:Agrican 2264:(5.21) 2259:(0.50) 2254:(0.57) 2249:(0.11) 2244:(0.03) 2239:(0.01) 2234:(0.02) 2229:(0.07) 2224:(0.44) 2219:(0.88) 2214:(0.99) 2209:(0.95) 2204:(0.65) 2175:(26.1) 2170:(34.9) 2165:(50.5) 2160:(58.5) 2155:(49.6) 2150:(34.3) 2145:(32.0) 2140:(17.2) 2135:(−0.6) 2120:(48.7) 2115:(29.8) 2110:(36.0) 2105:(45.3) 2100:(56.5) 2095:(66.9) 2090:(70.9) 2085:(67.8) 2080:(60.1) 2075:(50.9) 2070:(40.5) 2065:(31.3) 2060:(28.0) 2050:(60.4) 2045:(37.0) 2040:(45.7) 2035:(58.3) 2030:(71.1) 2025:(81.7) 2020:(85.6) 2015:(83.1) 2010:(74.1) 2005:(63.0) 2000:(50.5) 1995:(39.4) 1990:(35.2) 1980:(73.0) 1975:(46.8) 1970:(58.1) 1965:(73.2) 1960:(86.0) 1955:(96.1) 1950:(99.1) 1945:(96.8) 1940:(87.3) 1935:(75.9) 1930:(62.8) 1925:(50.0) 1920:(44.6) 1905:(79.0) 1900:(89.1) 1860:(95.0) 1855:(85.3) 1850:(72.7) 1755:Climate 1501:Mosques 1495:Karachi 1469:Baghdad 1289:Persian 1281:Complex 1270:Simurgh 1223:minaret 1218:minaret 1206:minaret 1198:Persian 1186:Complex 1095:citadel 1000:mosques 980:viloyat 972:capital 928:Persian 885:Baghdad 851:caliph 849:Abbasid 834:Persian 808:History 774:Persian 766:Bukhārā 747:in his 735:Bokhara 730:(布哈拉). 718:In the 713:βuxārak 710:Sogdian 685:Chinese 650:) as a 644:mosques 563:Bukhara 479:.buxoro 472:Website 388:280,187 314:Founded 308:Bukhara 284:Country 230:Bukhara 197:Bukhara 70:Persian 44:Bukhara 6334:Tehran 6324:Tabriz 6314:Shiraz 6294:Qazvin 6249:Kashan 6129:Kucheh 6104:Hashti 6099:Gonbad 6079:Biruni 6053:Takyeh 5989:Seljuk 5801:Others 5095:Boysun 5012:Listed 4934:Termez 4914:Qarshi 4899:Navoiy 4884:Kokand 4859:Angren 4796:Jondor 4723:Cities 4690:Peshku 4665:Jondor 4479: 4458: 4434: 4415: 4223: 4213: 4040: 4032:] 3838:] 3582: 3555: 3399:, 512. 3370:10 Feb 3361: 3336:10 Feb 3327: 3300: 3275:10 Feb 3266: 3241:10 Feb 3232: 3207:10 Feb 3198: 3170:10 Feb 3161: 3005:Бухара 2992:Boxârâ 2968:Бухоро 2955:Buxoro 2879:, Iran 2851:Lahore 2827:, Iran 2569:Tatars 2565:Tajiks 2557:Uzbeks 2529:Cathay 2185:(2.3) 2180:(6.8) 1801:Month 1779:hauzes 1765:Köppen 1594:UNESCO 1403:. The 1305:Soviet 1293:لب حوض 1227:manāra 1208:Kalân. 1025:Multan 1008:UNESCO 915:, and 893:Rudaki 782:Buxoro 770:Arabic 728:Bùhālā 681:Uyghur 672:vihāra 640:UNESCO 626:, and 543:Region 458:(2018) 427:2001ХХ 418:GMT +5 325:500 AD 303:Region 293: 78:Бухара 66: 52: 6374:Lists 6259:Khiva 6239:Herat 6234:Hatra 6224:Ganja 6163:Talar 6148:Qanat 6141:hayāt 6124:Kariz 6026:Types 5858:Lakes 5408:Forts 5304:Khiva 5222:sites 5125:Kanka 5004:Sites 5000:World 4904:Nukus 4789:Towns 4750:Kogon 4740:Gazli 4670:Kogon 4131:(PDF) 4034:(PDF) 4028:[ 3907:xs.uz 3840:(PDF) 3834:[ 2989:بخارا 2964:Tajik 2951:Uzbek 2938:Notes 2649:Qumri 2598:Islam 2579:, 1% 2575:, 1% 2571:, 1% 2567:, 3% 2563:, 4% 2559:, 6% 2355:9.67 2352:2.54 2349:0.71 2346:0.04 2328:0.04 2325:0.63 2322:2.33 2319:3.38 2262:132.4 2188:−23.5 2183:−16.5 2178:−14.0 2133:−18.1 2128:−23.5 1840:Year 1437:Timur 1433:Quran 1397:Uzbek 1349:dahma 1310:Sufis 1108:nāẓir 1097:(the 1087:Kabul 1010:as a 982:) of 778:Uzbek 664:oasis 658:Names 63:بخارا 56:Uzbek 6339:Yazd 6319:Susa 6274:Merv 6199:Baku 6189:Amol 6153:Sahn 6119:Iwan 6109:Howz 6084:Burj 4755:Olot 4675:Olot 4526:and 4477:ISBN 4456:ISBN 4432:ISBN 4413:OCLC 4385:2020 4359:2020 4251:2014 4221:OCLC 4211:ISBN 4168:2023 4143:2019 4114:2024 4038:ISBN 3784:2014 3684:2014 3644:2014 3593:2017 3580:ISBN 3553:ISBN 3489:2020 3372:2022 3359:ISBN 3338:2022 3325:ISBN 3298:ISBN 3277:2022 3264:ISBN 3243:2022 3230:ISBN 3209:2022 3196:ISBN 3172:2022 3159:ISBN 2799:Bonn 2512:epic 2410:NOAA 2364:(%) 2257:12.8 2252:14.5 2222:11.1 2217:22.3 2212:25.1 2207:24.1 2202:16.5 2173:−3.3 2163:10.3 2158:14.7 2138:−8.2 2113:−1.2 2098:13.6 2093:19.4 2088:21.6 2083:19.9 2078:15.6 2073:10.5 2063:−0.4 2058:−2.2 2048:15.8 2033:14.6 2028:21.7 2023:27.6 2018:29.8 2013:28.4 2008:23.4 2003:17.2 1998:10.3 1978:22.8 1968:14.5 1963:22.9 1958:30.0 1953:35.6 1948:37.3 1943:36.0 1938:30.7 1933:24.4 1928:17.1 1923:10.0 1908:46.2 1903:26.1 1898:31.7 1893:37.8 1888:39.1 1883:44.6 1878:45.8 1873:46.2 1868:43.0 1863:38.2 1858:35.0 1853:29.6 1848:22.6 1837:Dec 1834:Nov 1831:Oct 1828:Sep 1825:Aug 1822:Jul 1819:Jun 1816:May 1813:Apr 1810:Mar 1807:Feb 1804:Jan 1574:Sufi 1518:The 1301:hauz 1283:(or 1150:Dari 1144:and 1118:The 1002:and 824:The 772:and 724:Bǔhē 683:and 646:and 598:KHAR 596:buu- 547:Asia 528:1993 509:Type 466:high 351:Area 87:City 6387:Arg 6299:Qom 6204:Bam 4990:in 2519:by 2463:in 2403:58 2400:79 2397:64 2394:56 2391:48 2388:44 2385:40 2382:38 2379:46 2376:59 2373:72 2370:75 2367:80 2311:72 2281:10 2278:10 2275:10 2247:2.7 2242:0.8 2237:0.3 2232:0.4 2227:1.8 2168:1.6 2153:9.8 2148:1.3 2143:0.0 2118:9.3 2108:2.2 2103:7.4 2068:4.7 2043:2.8 2038:7.6 1993:4.1 1988:1.8 1973:8.2 1918:7.0 1768:BWk 1493:in 1467:in 1427:Job 1192:or 1099:Ark 1089:in 974:of 615:. 607:in 584:ɑːr 537:602 481:.uz 477:www 463:5th 456:HDI 6425:: 4579:. 4375:. 4349:. 4325:. 4303:. 4281:: 4271:^ 4219:. 4184:. 4159:. 4133:. 4084:. 4060:. 4001:. 3977:. 3953:. 3929:. 3905:. 3881:. 3856:. 3755:^ 3395:, 3180:^ 3143:^ 3124:. 3120:. 3068:. 3062:. 3038:. 3027:^ 3003:: 2999:; 2987:: 2983:; 2970:, 2966:: 2962:; 2953:: 2786:: 2685:CE 2681:AH 2343:0 2340:0 2337:0 2334:0 2331:0 2308:9 2305:8 2302:4 2299:1 2296:1 2293:1 2290:3 2287:7 2284:8 1739:. 1675:. 1642:. 1471:. 1291:: 1287:, 1200:: 1126:. 1115:. 1069:, 1014:. 942:. 919:. 911:, 907:, 840:. 804:. 784:. 741:. 654:. 600:-ə 167:, 163:, 6393:s 6143:) 5929:e 5922:t 5915:v 4973:e 4966:t 4959:v 4835:e 4828:t 4821:v 4613:e 4606:t 4599:v 4485:. 4464:. 4440:. 4419:. 4387:. 4361:. 4335:. 4253:. 4227:. 4194:. 4170:. 4145:. 4116:. 4094:. 4070:. 4046:. 4011:. 3987:. 3963:. 3939:. 3915:. 3891:. 3867:. 3786:. 3749:. 3728:. 3707:. 3686:. 3646:. 3595:. 3561:. 3491:. 3424:. 3374:. 3340:. 3306:. 3279:. 3245:. 3211:. 3174:. 3078:. 3048:. 2975:: 2687:) 1763:( 1196:( 978:( 863:. 798:, 675:( 590:/ 587:ə 581:x 578:ˈ 575:ʊ 572:b 569:/ 565:( 72:) 68:( 58:) 54:( 34:. 20:)

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