1231:. Small BBSes copied each file individually to their hard drive. Some systems used a CD-ROM drive to make the files available. Advanced BBSes used Multiple CD-ROM disc changer units that switched 6 CD-ROM disks on demand for the caller(s). Large systems used all 26 DOS drive letters with multi-disk changers housing tens of thousands of copyright-free shareware or freeware files available to all callers. These BBSes were generally more family-friendly, avoiding the seedier side of BBSes. Access to these systems varied from single to multiple modem lines with some requiring little or no confirmed registration.
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1467:. The front-end mailer would conduct the periodic FidoNet transfers, while the mail processor would usually run just before and just after the mailer ran. This program would scan for and pack up new outgoing messages, and then unpack, sort and "toss" the incoming messages into a BBS user's local email box or into the BBS's local message bases reserved for Echomail. As such, these mail processors were commonly called "scanner/tosser/packers".
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the most basic modems. The
Smartmodem could pick up the phone, dial numbers, and hang up again, all without any operator intervention. The Smartmodem was not necessary for BBS use but made overall operation dramatically simpler. It also improved usability for the caller, as most terminal software allowed different phone numbers to be stored and dialed on command, allowing the user to easily connect to a series of systems.
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per day, some even to multiple nodes or hubs, and as such, transfers usually occurred at night or in the early morning when toll rates were lowest. In Fido's heyday, sending a
Netmail message to a user on a distant FidoNet node, or participating in an Echomail discussion could take days, especially if any FidoNet nodes or hubs in the message's route only made one transfer call per day.
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1305:(which folded in 1996) were admired for their close, friendly communities and quality discussion forums. However, many free BBSes also maintained close communities, and some even had annual or bi-annual events where users would travel great distances to meet face-to-face with their on-line friends. These events were especially popular with BBSes that offered
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526:. It used a standardized set of icons to indicate mouse driven commands available online and to recognize different filetypes present on BBS storage media. It was capable of transmitting data like images, audio files, and audio clips between users linked to the same BBS or off-line if the BBS was in the circuit of the FidoNet organization.
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a small dish and receiver, a constant downstream of thousands of FidoNet and Usenet newsgroups could be received. The local BBS only needed to upload new outgoing messages via the modem network back to the satellite service. This method drastically reduced phone data transfers while dramatically increasing the number of message forums.
373:. Internal modems like the ones used by CBBS and similar early systems were usable, but generally expensive due to the manufacturer having to make a different modem for every computer platform they wanted to target. They were also limited to those computers with internal expansion, and could not be used with other useful platforms like
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701:, BBS computers (especially for smaller boards) were typically operated from the system operator's home. As such, access could be unreliable, and in many cases, only one user could be on the system at a time. Only larger BBSes with multiple phone lines using specialized hardware, multitasking software, or a
245:. But users found ways to express themselves outside these bounds, and the system spontaneously created stories, poetry and other forms of communications. The system was expensive to operate, and when their host machine became unavailable and a new one could not be found, the system closed in January 1975.
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with low-bandwidth applications that required its own client for efficiency. This led to one of the earliest implementations of
Electronic Commerce in 1996 with replication of partner stores around the globe. TCP/IP networking allowed most of the remaining BBSes to evolve and include Internet hosting
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allowed them to contact services around the world. In comparison, BBS systems relied on a direct point-to-point connection, so even dialing multiple local systems required multiple phone calls. Internet protocols also allowed a single connection to be used to contact multiple services simultaneously;
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As the volume of FidoNet Mail increased and newsgroups from the early days of the
Internet became available, satellite data downstream services became viable for larger systems. The satellite service provided access to FidoNet and Usenet newsgroups in large volumes at a reasonable fee. By connecting
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materials, and other questionable or unlawful content. These BBSes often had multiple modems and phone lines, allowing several users to upload and download files at once. Most elite BBSes used some form of new user verification, where new users would have to apply for membership and attempt to prove
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COCONET, a BBS system made by
Coconut Computing, Inc., was released in 1988 and only supported a GUI (no text interface was initially available but eventually became available around 1990), and worked in EGA/VGA graphics mode, which made it stand out from text-based BBS systems. COCONET's bitmap and
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became very popular. FirstClass offered a host of features that would be difficult or impossible under a terminal-based solution, including bi-directional information flow and non-blocking operation that allowed the user to exchange files in both directions while continuing to use the message system
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modems were much more expensive than asynchronous modems. A number of modems of this sort were available by the late 1970s. This made the BBS possible for the first time, as it allowed software on the computer to pick up an incoming call, communicate with the user, and then hang up the call when the
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to handle telephone operation. The user would pick up the phone, dial a number, then press the handset into rubber cups on the top of the modem. Disconnecting at the end of a call required the user to pick up the handset and return it to the phone. Examples of direct-connecting modems did exist, and
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Through the late 1980s and early 1990s, there was considerable experimentation with ways to develop user-friendly interfaces for BBSes. Almost every popular system used ANSI-based color menus to make reading easier on capable hardware and terminal emulators, and most also allowed cursor commands to
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games were distributed as shareware. The
Internet has largely erased the distinction of shareware – most users now download the software directly from the developer's website rather than receiving it from another BBS user "sharing" it. Today, shareware often refers to electronically
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session. Messages would be relayed around various FidoNet hubs until they were eventually delivered to their destination. The hierarchy of FidoNet BBS nodes, hubs, and zones was maintained in a routing table called a
Nodelist. Some larger BBSes or regional FidoNet hubs would make several transfers
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to implement a system that examined the data flowing into the modem from the host computer, watching for certain command strings. This allowed commands to be sent to and from the modem using the same data pins as all the rest of the data, meaning it would work on any system that could support even
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after inserting a coin, and offered a "pure" bulletin board experience with public messages only (no email or other features). It did offer the ability to tag messages with keywords, which the user could use in searches. The system acted primarily in the form of a buy and sell system with the tags
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Since acquiring the venerable Hermes
Macintosh BBS program last Spring, new owner Lloyd Woodall of Computer Classifieds has developed a major upgrade package. Programmer Robert Rebbun has added over 70 new features and enhancements to this widely used program that now supports color ANSI graphic
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Most early BBSes operated as individual systems. Information contained on that BBS never left the system, and users would only interact with the information and user community on that BBS alone. However, as BBSes became more widespread, there evolved a desire to connect systems together to share
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to allow changing colors on demand, provide cursor control and screen formatting, and even basic musical tones. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, most BBSes used ANSI to make elaborate welcome screens, and colorized menus, and thus, ANSI support was a sought-after feature in terminal client
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In the early days, the file download library consisted of files that the system operators obtained themselves from other BBSes and friends. Many BBSes inspected every file uploaded to their public file download library to ensure that the material did not violate copyright law. As time went on,
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character set. However, some home computer manufacturers extended the ASCII character set to take advantage of the advanced color and graphics capabilities of their systems. BBS software authors included these extended character sets in their software, and terminal program authors included the
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The introduction of the
Smartmodem led to the first real wave of BBS systems. Limited in both speed and storage capacity, these systems were normally dedicated solely to messaging, both private email and public forums. File transfers were extremely slow at these speeds, and file libraries were
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Some general-purpose
Bulletin Board Systems had special levels of access that were given to those who paid extra money, uploaded useful files or knew the system operator personally. These specialty and pay BBSes usually had something unique to offer their users, such as large file libraries,
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typically limited to text files containing lists of other BBS systems. These systems attracted a particular type of user who used the BBS as a unique type of communications medium, and when these local systems were crowded from the market in the 1990s, their loss was lamented for many years.
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Skypix is a way of sending graphics, fonts, brushes, and (soon) sound samples over the phone line via modem. It is an extension of ANSI that takes advantage of the Amiga's graphic power. ... At this writing (May 24) most of the systems listed will still be running Atredes 1.0, a much less
377:. External modems were available for these platforms but required the phone to be dialed using a conventional handset. Internal modems could be software-controlled to perform both outbound and inbound calls, but external modems had only the data pins to communicate with the host system.
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The use of these custom character sets was generally incompatible between manufacturers. Unless a caller was using terminal emulation software written for, and running on, the same type of system as the BBS, the session would simply fall back to simple ASCII output. For example, a
564:, which in turn increased demand for faster modems. 14.4 kbit/s modems were standard for a number of years while various companies attempted to introduce non-standard systems with higher performance – normally about 19.2 kbit/s. Another delay followed due to a long
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In the 2000s, most traditional BBS systems migrated to the Internet using Telnet or SSH protocols. As of September 2022, between 900 and 1000 are thought to be active via the Internet – fewer than 30 of these being of the traditional "dial-up" (modem) variety.
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run by a manufacturer of computer products or software. These boards were dedicated to supporting users of the company's products with question and answer forums, news and updates, and downloads. Most of them were not a free call. Today, these services have moved to the Web.
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Many commercial BBS software companies that continue to support their old BBS software products switched to the shareware model or made it entirely free. Some companies were able to make the move to the Internet and provide commercial products with BBS capabilities.
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These developments together resulted in the sudden obsolescence of bulletin board technology in 1995 and the collapse of its supporting market. Technically, Internet service offered an enormous advantage over BBS systems, as a single connection to the user's
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could access the protocol suite more quickly than with slower modems. Dial-up Internet service became widely available in the mid-1990s to the general public outside of universities and research laboratories, and connectivity was included in most general-use
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Skyline BBS, for the Amiga, was originally marketed under the name 'Atredes BBS'. ... It was, BTW, cool software which allowed for plain text, ANSI graphics, as well as a proprietary graphical point and click 'SkyPix' UI using special terminal software
428:. By the late 1980s, many BBS systems had significant file libraries, and this gave rise to leeching – users calling BBSes solely for their files. These users would use the modem for some time, leaving less time for other users, who got
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network. Private email (Netmail), public message boards (Echomail) and eventually even file attachments on a FidoNet-capable BBS would be bundled into one or more archive files over a set time interval. These archive files were then compressed with
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These increasing speeds had the side effect of dramatically reducing the noticeable effects of channel efficiency. When modems were slow, considerable effort was put into developing the most efficient protocols and display systems possible.
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Many other BBS networks followed the example of FidoNet, using the same standards and the same software. These were called FidoNet Technology Networks (FTNs). They were usually smaller and targeted at selected audiences. Some networks used
458:. While this gave the market a bad reputation, it also led to its greatest success. During the early 1990s, there were a number of mid-sized software companies dedicated to BBS software, and the number of BBSes in service reached its peak.
868:. In the late 1980s, a handful of BBS developers implemented multitasking communications routines inside their software, allowing multiple phone lines and users to connect to the same BBS computer. These included Galacticomm's
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and chat, all in separate windows. Will Price's "Hermes", released in 1988, combined a familiar PC style with Macintosh GUI interface. (Hermes was already "venerable" by 1994 although the Hermes II release remained popular.)
340:. The system came into existence largely through a fortuitous combination of Christensen having a spare S-100 bus computer and an early Hayes internal modem, and Suess's insistence that the machine be placed at his house in
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his local computer club used to post information like "need a ride". CBBS officially went online on 16 February 1978. CBBS, which kept a count of callers, reportedly connected 253,301 callers before it was finally retired.
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users, which might be considered a sort of ultra-local BBS when used in this fashion. Commercial systems, expressly intended to offer these features to the public, became available in the late 1970s and formed the
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As the BBS phenomenon grew, so did the popularity of special interest boards. Bulletin Board Systems could be found for almost every hobby and interest. Popular interests included politics, religion, music,
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This also gave rise to a new class of BBS systems, dedicated solely to file upload and downloads. These systems charged for access, typically a flat monthly fee, compared to the per-hour fees charged by
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The BBS system chosen was Hermes (Price F & Yount Ralph, 1991), a character-based popular billboard system running on the Mac, but accessible from any computer system with VT100 terminal emulation.
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A number of systems also made forays into GUI-based interfaces, either using character graphics sent from the host, or using custom GUI-based terminal systems. The latter initially appeared on the
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and tens of thousands of BBSes disappeared. Today, BBSing survives largely as a nostalgic hobby in most parts of the world, but it is still a popular form of communication for Taiwanese youth (see
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became mainstream. BBSes rapidly declined in popularity thereafter, and were replaced by systems using the Internet for connectivity. Some of the larger commercial BBSes, such as MaxMegabyte and
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The Computerized Hobbyist Bulletin Board System ... was conceived, designed, built, programmed, tested, and installed in a 30 day period (January 16, 1978 to February 16, 1978) by the two of us.
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offered ease of use and global access that BBS and online systems did not provide, and led to a rapid crash in the market starting in late 1994 to early 1995. Over the next year, many of the
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FidoNet was platform-independent and would work with any BBS that was written to use it. BBSes that did not have integrated FidoNet capability could usually add it using an external FidoNet
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MS-DOS continued to be the most popular operating system for BBS use up until the mid-1990s, and in the early years, most multi-node BBSes were running under a DOS based multitasker such as
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which devoted extensive coverage of the software and technology innovations and people behind them, and listings to US and worldwide BBSes. In addition, in the US, a major monthly magazine,
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A "yell for SysOp" page caller side menu item that sounded an audible alarm to the system operator. If chosen, the system operator could then initiate a text-to-text chat with the caller.
533:, essentially a picture description system, which remained relatively obscure. Probably the ultimate development of this style of operation was the dynamic page implementation of the
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FidoNet is still in use today, though in a much smaller form, and many Echomail groups are still shared with Usenet via FidoNet to Usenet gateways. Widespread abuse of Usenet with
405:, giving way to 2400 bit/s fairly rapidly. The improved performance led to a substantial increase in BBS popularity. Most of the information was displayed using ordinary
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On the PC, efforts were more oriented to extensions of the original terminal concept, with the GUI being described in the information on the host. One example was the
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these often allowed the host computer to send it commands to answer or hang up calls, but these were very expensive devices used by large banks and similar companies.
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estimated that there were 60,000 BBSes serving 17 million users in the United States alone in 1994, a collective market much larger than major online services such as
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Since most early BBSes were run by computer hobbyists, content was largely technical, with user communities revolving around hardware and software discussions.
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which was capable of giving the user a complete graphical interface, featuring rich graphics, changeable fonts, mouse-controlled actions, animations and sound.
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The first BBSes each used their own unique software, quite often written entirely or at least customized by the system operators themselves, running on early
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user calling an Atari BBS would use ASCII rather than the native character set of either. As time progressed, most terminal programs began using the
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film that chronicles the history of the BBS and features interviews with well-known people (mostly from the United States) from the heyday BBS era.
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As is it was prohibitively expensive for the hobbyist system operator to have a dedicated connection to another system, FidoNet was developed as a
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There was a lengthy delay before 9600 bit/s models began to appear on the market. 9600 bit/s was not even established as a strong standard before
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in which they customized their entire BBS (welcome screens, prompts, menus, and so on) to reflect that theme. Common themes were based on
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sophisticated system than 1.1. ... ATREDES, SKYPIX, and SKYPAINT are Copyright © 1988, 1989 Michael Cox. All rights reserved worldwide.
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1159:(Windows/*nix) to redirect DOS COM port software to telnet, allowing them to connect to Telnet BBSes using 1980s and 1990s era modem
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at 14.4 kbit/s took over in the early 1990s. This period also saw the rapid rise in capacity and a dramatic drop in the price of
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The largest elite boards accepted users by invitation only. Elite boards also spawned their own subculture and gave rise to the
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and Tempest. There was also a small faction of devoted Atari BBSes that used the Atari 800, then the 800XL, and eventually the
2051:"COMPUTERS FOR THEIR OWN SAKE: From the Dompier Music to the 1980 Computer Faire - An Interview with Lee Felsenstein (Part 2)"
2017:"CONVIVIAL CYBERNETIC DEVICES: From Vacuum Tube Flip-Flops to the Singing Altair - An Interview with Lee Felsenstein (Part 1)"
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and most online services. Many third-party services were developed to support these systems, offering simple credit card
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Some of the BBSes that provided access to illegal content faced opposition. On July 12, 1985, in conjunction with a
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standards process before 28.8 kbit/s was released, only to be quickly replaced by 33.6 kbit/s, and then 56 kbit/s.
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782:) were the first notable MS-DOS BBS programs. Many successful commercial BBS programs were developed, such as
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contains over 105,000 BBSes that have existed over a span of 20 years in North America alone. The owner of
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1029:(RIP) emerged and was promoted by Telegrafix in the early to mid-1990s but it never became widespread. A
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neighborhoods. The poor quality of the original modem connecting the terminals to the mainframe prompted
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ability to display them when a compatible system was called. Atari's native character set was known as
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software and data, reading news and bulletins, and exchanging messages with other users through public
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to make menu navigation simpler, a feature that would not re-appear on the Web until decades later.
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and Opus, with some associated applications such as BinkleyTerm being based on characters from the
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in addition to or instead of proprietary terminal control codes, e.g., color, cursor positioning.
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where it would be a local phone call for more users. Christensen patterned the system after the
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did not exist at that time, and modems were both expensive and slow. Community Memory ran on a
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Sheriff's department raided and seized The Private Sector BBS, which was the official BBS for
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821:(introduced in 1982) was a common platform in the 1980s. Popular commercial BBS programs were
614:. In comparison, a connection to a BBS allowed access only to the information on that system.
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in which users could compete with each other. BBSes with multiple phone lines often provided
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Collection of Memories of writing and running the first BBS by Ward Christensen (Circa 1992)
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movement was started via user distribution of software through BBSes. A notable example was
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was also considered, and although it became the underlying graphics technology behind the
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Nodelist, BBSes reached their peak usage around 1996, which was the same period that the
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and other popular archivers now use); also other concepts of software distribution like
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The demand for complex ANSI and ASCII screens and larger file transfers taxed available
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Towards the early 1990s, BBS became so popular that it spawned three monthly magazines,
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programs. The development of ANSI art became so popular that it spawned an entire BBS "
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serves as an archive that documents the history of the BBS. The historical BBS list on
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2267:"COOCOM: New ways of using Information Technology for buildings design and management"
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offer command-line recall and similar features. Another common feature was the use of
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2129:. Vol. 3, no. 11. Peterborough, NH: Byte Publications. pp. 150–157.
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Primitive social networking features, such as leaving messages on a user's profile
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operating system. Soon after, BBS software was being written for all of the major
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Encyclopedia of New Media: An Essential Reference to Communication and Technology
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837:. In the early 1990s, a small number of BBSes were also running on the Commodore
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soon became the operating system on which the majority of BBS programs were run.
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messages and files with distant systems and users. The largest such network was
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add-on presenting a complete menu system individually customized for each user.
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features of the system in the same way that would later become common on BBSes.
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Today, most BBS software that is still actively supported, such as Worldgroup,
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for use with their modems, optionally allowed for color and graphics using the
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were filled with ads for single-click install solutions dedicated to these new
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protocol rather than dialup, or by using legacy DOS-based BBS software with a
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Doran, Tim (1996-03-20). "Man Says Kiddie Porno Made Computer Site Popular".
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The Lost Civilization of Dial-Up Bulletin Board Systems (The Atlantic, 2016)
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market that lasted into the 1990s. One particularly influential example was
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The Columbia Reader on Lesbians and Gay Men in Media, Society, and Politics
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1991:"Thinking Chinese - Chinese BBS – The Social Activity that Never Grows Old"
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BBS (USCBBS) by Susan Biddlecomb, which predated the implementation of the
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One or more phone lines, with more allowing for increased concurrent users
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Early modems were generally either expensive or very simple devices using
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has led to many of these FidoNet gateways to cease operation completely.
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and forwarded to (or polled by) another nearby node or hub via a dialup
1021:, and the graphics capabilities were based on what was available in the
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standard, but could use their native character set if it was available.
685:
598:
library while checking the weather on a local news website. Even with a
2957:
2773:
2763:
2199:
Chips 'n' Bits : the Northern Territory Computer Users' newsletter
1802:
1792:
1480:
1424:
1337:
1302:
1208:
1077:
1068:
based graphics mode available on that platform. Other systems used the
990:
986:
957:
830:
783:
779:
767:
763:
705:
connecting multiple computers, could host multiple simultaneous users.
623:
446:
gateways for the payment of monthly fees, and entire file libraries on
421:
341:
317:
94:
3027:
2962:
2747:
1827:
1721:
1717:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1564:
1507:
1491:
1444:
1228:
1172:
1156:
1141:
1034:
953:
949:
759:
748:
573:
519:
455:
173:
78:
2510:
Christians in a .Com World: Getting Connected Without Being Consumed
2431:
Gross, Larry P.; Woods, James D.; Woods, Professor James D. (1999).
544:. A complete Dynamic web page implementation was accomplished using
365:
A key innovation required for the popularization of the BBS was the
361:
The 300 baud Smartmodem led to an initial wave of early BBS systems.
1510:. Elaborate schemes allowed users to download binary files, search
1459:, BinkleyTerm, InterMail or D'Bridge, and a mail processor such as
911:
By 1995, many of the DOS-based BBSes had begun switching to modern
2947:
2706:
2216:
1848:
1634:
1619:
1556:
1275:
1255:
1249:
1235:
1164:
1130:
1120:
1006:
981:
967:
924:
893:
838:
684:
488:
406:
402:
356:
272:
132:
102:
36:
2588: – Collection of historical BBS documents, files and history
2560:
697:
that are typically hosted by third-party companies in commercial
3080:
3070:
2290:
1506:, and many FidoNet discussion groups were shared via gateway to
1503:
1259:
968:
916:
807:
728:
538:
337:
281:
2866:
2615:
2579:
1710:
Internet email (more common in later Internet-connected BBSes)
1583:
like Red Ryder for the Macintosh first appeared on BBS sites.
1355:
993:. PETSCII was also supported by the nationwide online service
865:
702:
670:
631:
595:
1720:
access over the Internet using a telnet server and a virtual
2555:
2092:"Jack Rickard, editor of Boardwatch magazine, saw it coming"
1084:
whom were busy giving away modems with their subscriptions.
1238:, or pirate boards, were exclusively used for distributing
450:
that made initial setup very easy. Early 1990s editions of
77:. Once logged in, the user could perform functions such as
1684:
Statistics on message posters, top uploaders / downloaders
1678:
Live viewing of all caller activity by the system operator
813:
BBS systems on other systems remained popular, especially
236:
Community Memory allowed the user to type messages into a
1017:
and support for multiple type fonts were inspired by the
857:
capabilities, which limited them primarily to messaging.
2592:
The BBS organization (longest running bbs services site)
2585:
2488:
University of Michigan (October 1989 – September 1994),
1297:
and Echo NYC (now Internet forums rather than dial-up),
1227:
CD-ROMs were sold with up to thousands of files on each
184:. Some offer access through packet switched networks or
2601:
2506:
Gene Edward Veith, Jr; Stamper, Christopher L. (2000).
1486:
Before commercial Internet access became common, these
1179:. Modern 32-bit terminal emulators such as mTelnet and
927:. One of the first graphics-based BBS applications was
217:
and was accessed through terminals located in several
2591:
1864:
programmed) was about 20,000 lines of 8080 assembler.
1087:
Over time, terminal manufacturers started to support
2064:(2). Computer History Association of California: 8.
2030:(1). Computer History Association of California: 2.
1053:, but these were mostly confined to the Mac market.
413:, but a number of systems attempted character-based
201:
A precursor to the public bulletin board system was
73:
that allowed users to connect to the system using a
3063:
2998:
2938:
2819:
2782:
2756:
2720:
2667:
1707:
Multi-user chat (only possible on multi-line BBSes)
980:-based, and early BBSes conversed using the simple
864:or consisted of multiple computers connected via a
735:systems of the late 1970s era – the
2507:
2409:
1344:, a 21-year-old man was charged with distributing
1247:that they were not a law enforcement officer or a
380:Hayes' solution to the problem was to use a small
2118:Christensen, Ward; Suess, Randy (November 1978).
233:, whose design was influential in the mid-1970s.
1657:Uploading and downloading of message packets in
1340:for copyright infringement in November 1997. In
841:. Popular BBS software for the Amiga were ABBS,
1694:or only a single active player at a given time)
892:. Though most BBS software had been written in
93:. In the early 1980s, message networks such as
1937:"FidoNet: Technology, Use, Tools, and History"
585:by default as Internet access became popular.
2878:
2627:
2120:"Hobbyist Computerized Bulletin Board System"
1596:distributed software from a small developer.
1490:of BBSes provided regional and international
1094:The most popular form of online graphics was
976:BBSes were generally text-based, rather than
397:Speed improved with the introduction of 1200
8:
248:Similar functionality was available to most
172:). Most surviving BBSes are accessible over
1390:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
932:capabilities. Recent BBS software, such as
806:, which both had early origins from leaked
417:which began to be practical at 2400 bit/s.
97:were developed to provide services such as
2885:
2871:
2863:
2634:
2620:
2612:
908:language was starting to gain popularity.
280:holds an expansion card from the original
1410:Learn how and when to remove this message
900:(with some low-level routines written in
241:taking the place of the more traditional
176:and typically offer free email accounts,
1102:character set's blocks and symbols with
853:. The earlier machines generally lacked
332:, the two began preliminary work on the
1899:
1851:, but that was not economically viable.
1840:
1203:. Many system operators also adopted a
989:, while most Commodore BBSes supported
594:for example, downloading files from an
556:Rise of the Internet and decline of BBS
3142:Computer-related introductions in 1978
2659:List of bulletin board system software
1494:and message bases. Some even provided
1483:used non-Fido software and standards.
972:Welcome screen of Neon#2 BBS (Tornado)
2136:from the original on January 28, 2018
1265:Another common type of board was the
1025:library. A competing approach called
602:, it was possible to multitask using
101:, which is similar to internet-based
7:
2570:BBSmates community and resource site
2090:Zelchenko, Peter (30 October 1998).
1905:
1903:
1847:Technically they could have used an
1388:adding citations to reliable sources
1072:protocols made popular in the UK by
1060:based OBBS software, available from
1644:The BBS software usually provides:
1136:software in 1988 featured a script
576:ran slowly over 1200 bit/s modems.
139:and BBSes through the early 1990s.
3117:Pre–World Wide Web online services
2602:Color64 - official project website
2582:(BBSes available via the Internet)
2240:Gram-Reefer, Bill (January 1994).
1080:service, and the on-line magazine
334:Computerized Bulletin Board System
205:, which started in August 1973 in
25:
2253:menus in addition to ASCII menus.
2177:"File Sponges, the BBS nightmare"
1910:Derfler Jr., Frank (1980-04-01).
689:Amiga 3000 running a two-line BBS
535:University of Southern California
2607:Color64 documentation - OasisBBS
2370:This Day in Geek History: July12
2079:from the original on 2022-10-09.
1916:Kilobaud Microcomputing Magazine
1741:
1360:
751:being some of the most popular.
393:Higher speeds, commercialization
152:The introduction of inexpensive
3127:Computer-mediated communication
2894:Computer-mediated communication
1947:from the original on 2003-12-03
1518:, all using plain-text e-mail.
1348:through his BBS in March 1996.
1183:include native telnet support.
300:with expansion slots, like the
59:computer bulletin board service
2654:List of bulletin board systems
1788:List of bulletin board systems
1140:communication protocol called
956:-to-Telnet redirector such as
770:over from the CP/M world, and
162:leading BBS software providers
1:
2529:Pippen, Patrick (July 2004).
2471:Going On-Line with Your Micro
2435:. Columbia University Press.
2342:"An Overview of BBS Programs"
2049:Crosby, Kip (February 1996).
2015:Crosby, Kip (November 1995).
1125:BBS ANSI Login Screen example
522:featured on Amiga a complete
471:, and in Asia and Australia,
128:. Low-cost, high-performance
2930:Virtual learning environment
2291:"The TEXTFILES.COM BBS List"
1514:, and interact with distant
1318:Middlesex County, New Jersey
371:Hayes Microcomputer Products
3043:Voice chat in online gaming
2265:Modin, Jörgen (June 1995).
1704:Usage auditing capabilities
1701:to third-party online games
1328:at the time. The notorious
1215:, wizard's castle, or on a
948:, provide access using the
915:operating systems, such as
880:. Other popular BBS's were
693:Unlike modern websites and
401:asynchronous modems in the
124:, and other aspects of the
3158:
2376:, retrieved March 26, 2009
2314:Michael Cox (1989-05-24).
2205:, retrieved March 15, 2009
1873:Quantum Link and parts of
1540:
1475:doors, and others such as
1234:Some BBSes, called elite,
1023:Borland Graphics Interface
872:(later WorldGroup), eSoft
640:Internet service providers
29:
2940:Asynchronous conferencing
2900:
2649:
2167:, retrieved June 30, 2007
591:Internet service provider
415:graphical user interfaces
296:With the introduction of
170:PTT Bulletin Board System
89:and sometimes via direct
45:bulletin board, from 1994
41:A welcome screen for the
3000:Synchronous conferencing
2318:(Software documentation)
1716:Most modern BBSes allow
1713:Networked message boards
1559:, using the same ".zip"
845:, C-Net, StormforceBBS,
154:dial-up internet service
108:Many BBSes also offered
30:Not to be confused with
2953:Electronic mailing list
2743:Remote Imaging Protocol
2501:. New American Library.
2499:The Computer Phone Book
2492:, Compute! Publications
2450:Rathbone, Tina (1993).
1970:Encyclopedia Britannica
1966:"Bulletin-board system"
1681:Voting – opinion booths
1455:mailer such as SEAdog,
1027:Remote Imaging Protocol
531:Remote Imaging Protocol
32:Internet forum software
3107:Bulletin board systems
2925:Social network service
2920:Collaborative software
2915:Communication software
2643:Bulletin board systems
2374:thegreatgeekmanual.com
2215:Miller, Michael Alyn.
1849:automatic calling unit
1823:User-generated content
1537:Shareware and freeware
1293:Pay BBSes such as The
1201:alternative lifestyles
1126:
973:
874:The Bread Board System
798:BBS programs included
690:
494:
473:Chips 'n Bits Magazine
362:
330:Great Blizzard of 1978
285:
219:San Francisco Bay Area
46:
18:Bulletin Board Service
2985:Bulletin board system
2416:. SAGE Publications.
2408:Jones, Steve (2003).
2295:bbslist.textfiles.com
2217:"HermesBBS - History"
2058:The Analytical Engine
2024:The Analytical Engine
1124:
1098:, which combined the
971:
756:IBM Personal Computer
741:Atari 8-bit computers
688:
681:Software and hardware
578:56 kbit/s modems
492:
360:
320:BBS was developed by
276:
51:bulletin board system
40:
2810:BBS: The Documentary
2580:The Telnet BBS Guide
2242:"Macintosh BBS News"
2203:catalogue.nla.gov.au
1935:Bush, Randy (1992).
1860:CBBS Chicago (which
1783:List of BBS software
1629:BBS software package
1555:'s PKARC (and later
1384:improve this section
1045:platform, including
715:systems such as the
666:BBS: The Documentary
608:terminal multiplexer
207:Berkeley, California
3102:American inventions
3018:Internet Relay Chat
2561:The BBS Documentary
2497:Cane, Mike (1986).
2247:Boardwatch Magazine
1995:thinkingchinese.com
1912:"Dial Up Directory"
1778:Internet Relay Chat
1608:A classic BBS had:
1316:investigation, the
778:(who later founded
758:was introduced and
284:S-100 host machine.
2565:(Video Collection)
2531:Beam Me Up Scottie
2469:Haas, Lou (1984).
2452:Modems for Dummies
2182:2015-01-20 at the
2165:BBSDocumentary.com
1877:went on to become
1330:Rusty n Edie's BBS
1301:, PsudNetwork and
1187:Content and access
1161:terminal emulation
1127:
1100:IBM Extended ASCII
1033:technology called
974:
774:BBS, developed by
691:
618:Estimating numbers
495:
439:Event Horizons BBS
363:
286:
231:Pennywhistle modem
215:mainframe computer
158:Mosaic web browser
47:
3089:
3088:
3033:Videoconferencing
3013:Instant messaging
3008:Data conferencing
2910:Online discussion
2860:
2859:
2712:Virtual community
2574:archive from 2013
2389:The Flint Journal
2274:Project SBUF 2087
2221:www.hermesbbs.com
1813:Terminal emulator
1637:– system operator
1432:store and forward
1420:
1419:
1412:
1346:child pornography
1324:hacker quarterly
1314:credit card fraud
902:assembly language
888:cartoon strip of
810:BBS source code.
622:According to the
583:operating systems
493:ANSI art BBS logo
316:The first public
313:user logged off.
290:acoustic couplers
238:computer terminal
225:hardware person,
135:drove the use of
57:), also called a
16:(Redirected from
3149:
3055:Web conferencing
2990:Online guestbook
2887:
2880:
2873:
2864:
2827:Ward Christensen
2798:Computer Shopper
2738:Internet outdial
2728:ANSI escape code
2636:
2629:
2622:
2613:
2544:
2525:
2513:
2502:
2493:
2484:
2465:
2446:
2427:
2415:
2394:
2393:
2383:
2377:
2367:
2361:
2360:
2354:
2352:
2337:
2331:
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2324:
2323:
2311:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2287:
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2280:
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2256:
2255:
2237:
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2228:
2227:
2212:
2206:
2196:
2190:
2174:
2168:
2158:
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2143:
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2135:
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2115:
2109:
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2104:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2055:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2021:
2012:
2006:
2005:
2003:
2001:
1987:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1977:
1962:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1923:
1922:
1907:
1882:
1871:
1865:
1862:Ward Christensen
1858:
1852:
1845:
1751:
1746:
1745:
1690:(usually single
1640:A user community
1415:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1395:
1364:
1356:
1240:cracked software
1107:escape sequences
886:Berkley Breathed
790:BBS, Magpie and
663:, also produced
562:channel capacity
542:Dynamic web page
509:platform, where
478:Computer Shopper
444:merchant account
369:manufactured by
322:Ward Christensen
278:Ward Christensen
229:, to invent the
223:Community Memory
203:Community Memory
75:terminal program
21:
3157:
3156:
3152:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3147:
3146:
3122:Internet forums
3092:
3091:
3090:
3085:
3059:
2994:
2934:
2896:
2891:
2861:
2856:
2815:
2778:
2752:
2716:
2663:
2645:
2640:
2552:
2547:
2541:
2528:
2522:
2505:
2496:
2487:
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2468:
2462:
2449:
2443:
2430:
2424:
2407:
2403:
2398:
2397:
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2384:
2380:
2368:
2364:
2350:
2348:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2321:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2299:
2297:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2269:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2225:
2223:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2197:
2193:
2184:Wayback Machine
2175:
2171:
2159:
2155:
2139:
2137:
2133:
2122:
2117:
2116:
2112:
2102:
2100:
2097:Chicago Tribune
2089:
2088:
2084:
2076:
2053:
2048:
2047:
2043:
2019:
2014:
2013:
2009:
1999:
1997:
1989:
1988:
1984:
1975:
1973:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1950:
1948:
1934:
1933:
1929:
1920:
1918:
1909:
1908:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1885:
1872:
1868:
1859:
1855:
1846:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1798:Online magazine
1749:Internet portal
1747:
1740:
1737:
1606:
1593:Apogee Software
1591:and nearly all
1545:
1539:
1416:
1405:
1399:
1396:
1381:
1365:
1354:
1342:Flint, Michigan
1258:known today as
1189:
1163:software, like
1138:markup language
1118:devoted to it.
1074:British Telecom
1056:In the UK, the
1043:Apple Macintosh
1039:Prodigy service
1015:vector graphics
966:
695:online services
683:
638:, evolved into
620:
558:
524:markup language
487:
395:
382:microcontroller
375:video terminals
355:
271:
269:The first BBSes
243:classifications
227:Lee Felsenstein
199:
194:
137:online services
122:social networks
67:computer server
35:
28:
27:Computer server
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3155:
3153:
3145:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3094:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3067:
3065:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3046:
3045:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3004:
3002:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2981:
2980:
2975:
2968:Internet forum
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2944:
2942:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2867:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2837:Chuck Forsberg
2834:
2829:
2823:
2821:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2813:
2806:
2801:
2794:
2786:
2784:
2783:Media coverage
2780:
2779:
2777:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2724:
2722:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2698:
2697:
2692:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2631:
2624:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2583:
2577:
2567:
2558:
2556:The BBS Corner
2551:
2550:External links
2548:
2546:
2545:
2539:
2526:
2520:
2503:
2494:
2485:
2479:
2466:
2460:
2447:
2441:
2428:
2422:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2378:
2362:
2332:
2306:
2282:
2257:
2232:
2207:
2191:
2169:
2153:
2110:
2082:
2041:
2007:
1982:
1957:
1927:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1879:America Online
1866:
1853:
1839:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1773:Internet forum
1770:
1765:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1731:
1728:
1725:
1714:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1695:
1685:
1682:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1655:
1649:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1631:
1625:
1622:
1616:
1605:
1602:
1541:Main article:
1538:
1535:
1418:
1417:
1368:
1366:
1359:
1353:
1350:
1334:Boardman, Ohio
1188:
1185:
965:
962:
815:home computers
682:
679:
628:World Wide Web
619:
616:
557:
554:
486:
483:
394:
391:
354:
351:
298:microcomputers
270:
267:
255:online service
211:Microcomputers
198:
195:
193:
190:
180:services, and
118:World Wide Web
87:message boards
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3154:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3076:Microblogging
3074:
3072:
3069:
3068:
3066:
3062:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3044:
3041:
3040:
3039:
3038:Voice over IP
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3023:LAN messenger
3021:
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2521:1-58134-218-7
2517:
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2500:
2495:
2491:
2486:
2482:
2480:0-8306-0746-3
2476:
2473:. Tab Books.
2472:
2467:
2463:
2461:1-56884-001-2
2457:
2454:. IDG Books.
2453:
2448:
2444:
2442:0-231-10446-4
2438:
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2423:0-7619-2382-9
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2316:"AtrTerm.DOC"
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2208:
2204:
2200:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2188:Chips 'n Bits
2185:
2181:
2178:
2173:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2147:
2132:
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2029:
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2018:
2011:
2008:
1996:
1992:
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1983:
1971:
1967:
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1946:
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1811:
1809:
1808:Shell account
1806:
1804:
1801:
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1661:format using
1660:
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1653:message bases
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1378:
1374:
1369:This section
1367:
1363:
1358:
1357:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1326:2600 Magazine
1323:
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998:
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988:
983:
979:
970:
963:
961:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
930:
929:Excalibur BBS
926:
922:
918:
914:
909:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
883:
879:
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797:
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785:
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777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
754:In 1981, the
752:
750:
746:
745:Commodore PET
742:
738:
734:
733:home computer
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
713:microcomputer
711:
706:
704:
700:
696:
687:
680:
678:
674:
672:
668:
667:
662:
658:
657:textfiles.com
654:
653:textfiles.com
650:
649:
648:textfiles.com
643:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
617:
615:
613:
609:
605:
601:
600:shell account
597:
592:
586:
584:
579:
575:
569:
567:
563:
555:
553:
551:
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543:
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368:
359:
352:
350:
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331:
327:
323:
319:
314:
311:
307:
304:machines and
303:
299:
294:
291:
283:
279:
275:
268:
266:
264:
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256:
251:
246:
244:
239:
234:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
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196:
191:
189:
188:connections.
187:
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167:
163:
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52:
44:
39:
33:
19:
2984:
2847:Steve Punter
2842:Tom Jennings
2808:
2796:
2789:
2721:Technologies
2685:File sharing
2642:
2533:. Lulu.com.
2530:
2514:. Crossway.
2509:
2498:
2489:
2470:
2451:
2432:
2411:
2387:
2381:
2373:
2365:
2358:('SkyTerm').
2356:
2349:. Retrieved
2335:
2326:
2320:. Retrieved
2309:
2298:. Retrieved
2294:
2285:
2277:
2273:
2260:
2251:
2245:
2235:
2224:. Retrieved
2220:
2210:
2202:
2194:
2187:
2172:
2164:
2156:
2145:
2140:February 16,
2138:. Retrieved
2126:
2113:
2101:. Retrieved
2095:
2085:
2061:
2057:
2044:
2027:
2023:
2010:
1998:. Retrieved
1994:
1985:
1974:. Retrieved
1972:. 2023-03-20
1960:
1949:. Retrieved
1940:
1930:
1919:. Retrieved
1915:
1869:
1856:
1843:
1688:Online games
1651:One or more
1648:Menu systems
1643:
1618:One or more
1607:
1598:
1581:donationware
1573:postcardware
1547:Much of the
1546:
1524:
1520:
1485:
1469:
1450:
1429:
1421:
1406:
1400:January 2024
1397:
1382:Please help
1370:
1311:
1292:
1272:
1266:
1264:
1248:
1233:
1221:
1193:
1190:
1177:Procomm Plus
1149:Wildcat! BBS
1146:
1133:
1128:
1093:
1086:
1082:Micronet 800
1055:
1019:PLATO system
1011:
1003:Commodore 64
999:
995:Quantum Link
975:
964:Presentation
946:Wildcat! BBS
944:, Magpie or
913:multitasking
910:
890:Bloom County
876:(TBBS), and
859:
819:Commodore 64
812:
804:Renegade BBS
792:Wildcat! BBS
788:RemoteAccess
776:Tom Jennings
771:
753:
707:
699:data centers
692:
675:
664:
656:
652:
646:
645:The website
644:
621:
587:
570:
559:
528:
504:
500:autocomplete
496:
476:
472:
469:BBS Magazine
468:
462:
460:
451:
448:compact disk
437:
434:
430:busy signals
419:
396:
387:
379:
364:
315:
295:
287:
247:
235:
200:
186:packet radio
151:
140:
130:asynchronous
110:online games
107:
62:
58:
54:
50:
48:
3112:Online chat
2905:Online chat
2852:Jason Scott
2832:Randy Suess
2346:Jason Scott
2340:Scott Lee.
1589:id Software
1531:pornography
1512:gopherspace
1479:(RIME) and
1280:pornography
1267:support BBS
1217:pirate ship
1134:Skyline BBS
717:Altair 8800
661:Jason Scott
604:job control
426:hard drives
403:early 1980s
326:Randy Suess
310:synchronous
83:downloading
3096:Categories
3064:Publishing
2978:Imageboard
2791:Boardwatch
2351:5 December
2322:2024-05-02
2300:2021-07-01
2226:2023-03-10
1976:2023-04-28
1951:2022-01-22
1921:2018-02-20
1889:References
1768:Imageboard
1675:File areas
1307:chat rooms
1284:chat rooms
1213:sanatorium
1153:Citadel/UX
1116:subculture
1089:ANSI X3.64
1051:FirstClass
1047:TeleFinder
940:, EleBBS,
938:Mystic BBS
934:Synchronet
921:Windows 95
855:hard drive
843:Amiexpress
823:Blue Board
794:. Oopular
727:under the
721:IMSAI 8080
636:ExecPC BBS
612:GNU Screen
515:FirstClass
511:TeleFinder
464:Boardwatch
452:Boardwatch
367:Smartmodem
353:Smartmodem
346:cork board
197:Precursors
147:CompuServe
114:chat rooms
3132:Telephony
2973:Textboard
2690:Protocols
2680:Chat room
2103:8 October
2070:1071-6351
2036:1071-6351
1894:Citations
1875:AppleLink
1818:Textboard
1561:algorithm
1553:Phil Katz
1549:shareware
1543:Shareware
1457:FrontDoor
1453:front-end
1371:does not
1260:leetspeak
1244:phreaking
1225:shareware
1169:Terminate
1058:BBC Micro
827:Ivory BBS
710:S-100 bus
507:Macintosh
302:S-100 bus
263:chat room
250:mainframe
142:InfoWorld
79:uploading
3050:Web chat
2769:RelayNet
2757:Networks
2695:Timeline
2675:ANSI art
2180:Archived
2131:Archived
2074:Archived
2000:14 April
1945:Archived
1763:Free-net
1758:ANSI art
1735:See also
1614:computer
1604:Features
1577:JPEGview
1569:freeware
1516:programs
1500:Internet
1496:gateways
1488:networks
1477:RelayNet
1461:FastEcho
1352:Networks
1322:grey hat
1290:access.
1288:Internet
1181:SyncTerm
1112:artscene
1096:ANSI art
1070:Viewdata
1066:Teletext
1031:teletext
870:MajorBBS
862:DESQview
847:Infinity
802:BBS and
800:Telegard
796:freeware
737:Apple II
725:Cromemco
610:such as
411:ANSI art
409:text or
306:Apple II
166:bankrupt
156:and the
126:Internet
91:chatting
71:software
69:running
65:), is a
43:Free-net
2958:FidoNet
2774:WWIVnet
2764:FidoNet
2668:Culture
2490:Compute
2401:Sources
2150:Alt URL
1941:Fidonet
1803:PODSnet
1793:Minitel
1724:driver.
1699:doorway
1481:WWIVnet
1425:FidoNet
1392:removed
1377:sources
1338:Playboy
1303:MindVox
1209:fantasy
1078:Prestel
991:PETSCII
987:ATASCII
958:NetFoss
904:), the
882:Maximus
835:CNet 64
831:Color64
784:PCBoard
780:FidoNet
764:RBBS-PC
624:FidoNet
548:with a
422:V.32bis
342:Chicago
318:dial-up
192:History
99:NetMail
95:FidoNet
3137:Telnet
3028:Talker
2963:Usenet
2820:People
2748:Skypix
2537:
2518:
2477:
2458:
2439:
2420:
2068:
2034:
1828:Usenet
1722:FOSSIL
1718:telnet
1692:player
1671:ZMODEM
1667:YMODEM
1663:XMODEM
1620:modems
1565:WinZip
1508:Usenet
1492:e-mail
1465:Squish
1445:Xmodem
1299:ExecPC
1229:CD-ROM
1199:, and
1197:dating
1173:Qmodem
1157:DOSBox
1142:Skypix
1035:NAPLPS
954:FOSSIL
950:Telnet
923:, and
898:Pascal
878:Falken
851:1040ST
768:ported
760:MS-DOS
749:TRS-80
747:, and
574:TCP/IP
520:Skypix
456:sysops
174:Telnet
133:modems
2948:Email
2707:Sysop
2270:(PDF)
2134:(PDF)
2123:(PDF)
2077:(PDF)
2054:(PDF)
2020:(PDF)
1835:Notes
1635:sysop
1587:from
1575:like
1563:that
1557:PKZIP
1332:, in
1276:warez
1256:slang
1250:lamer
1236:WaReZ
1205:theme
1165:Telix
1131:Amiga
1007:ASCII
982:ASCII
925:Linux
894:BASIC
839:Amiga
786:BBS,
606:or a
407:ASCII
399:bit/s
336:, or
259:PLATO
164:went
103:email
3081:Wiki
3071:Blog
2733:Door
2535:ISBN
2516:ISBN
2475:ISBN
2456:ISBN
2437:ISBN
2418:ISBN
2353:2017
2142:2019
2127:Byte
2105:2022
2066:ISSN
2032:ISSN
2002:2018
1585:Doom
1579:and
1529:and
1527:spam
1504:UUCP
1502:via
1375:any
1373:cite
1295:WELL
1175:and
1151:and
1129:The
1104:ANSI
1062:Pace
1049:and
917:OS/2
833:and
808:WWIV
772:Fido
729:CP/M
723:and
669:, a
630:and
566:V.34
550:TDBS
546:TBBS
539:HTML
513:and
485:GUIs
338:CBBS
324:and
282:CBBS
81:and
63:CBBS
2702:MUD
1669:or
1659:QWK
1473:QWK
1463:or
1441:ZIP
1439:or
1437:ARC
1386:by
1286:or
1076:'s
978:GUI
942:DOC
896:or
866:LAN
703:LAN
671:DVD
632:AOL
596:FTP
182:IRC
178:FTP
55:BBS
3098::
2563:–
2372:,
2355:.
2344:.
2325:.
2293:.
2276:.
2272:.
2250:.
2244:.
2219:.
2201:,
2186:,
2163:,
2144:.
2125:.
2094:.
2072:.
2060:.
2056:.
2026:.
2022:.
1993:.
1968:.
1943:.
1939:.
1914:.
1902:^
1697:A
1665:,
1633:A
1627:A
1612:A
1571:,
1427:.
1309:.
1282:,
1278:,
1262:.
1242:,
1219:.
1171:,
1167:,
1114:"
997:.
960:.
936:,
919:,
829:,
825:,
766:,
743:,
739:,
719:,
659:,
642:.
467:,
209:.
149:.
120:,
105:.
49:A
2886:e
2879:t
2872:v
2635:e
2628:t
2621:v
2576:)
2572:(
2543:.
2524:.
2483:.
2464:.
2445:.
2426:.
2392:.
2303:.
2229:.
2107:.
2062:3
2038:.
2028:3
2004:.
1979:.
1954:.
1924:.
1881:.
1413:)
1407:(
1402:)
1398:(
1394:.
1380:.
1252:.
906:C
61:(
53:(
34:.
20:)
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