636:
Portuguese warships and artillery batteries at the harbor. The invaders finally captured the
Portuguese ships and batteries on 7 February 1564, after which the fort promptly fell. Bayinnaung was able to capture Lumphli, Jampa, and Ban Dokmai Han Tra Fortresses, surrounding Ayutthaya from three sides. In the west, the forces of Thado Dhamma Yaza was station at Thung Wat Photharam, planning to advance on Khlong Ko Kaeo, in the north, the army of Nanda Bayin was stationed at Thung Phaniat, the royal army of Bayinnaung was stationed at the fields of Wat Pho Phueak near Khanon Pak Khu, the Lord of Pyay's army was stationed at Thung Lumphli, the Lord of Taungoo was stationed at Thung Prachet, while Thado Minsaw of Ava moved down to the south towards Phutthaisawan Temple.
622:
relieve the siege of
Phitsanulok. However, after learning that Phitsanulok had fallen, Prince Ramesuan decided to set up camp at Chai Nat to stop the Burmese advance. The Siamese forces used cannons on ships to blas at the Burmese army, causing many casualties. Bayinnaung later commanded the Burmese riverine fleet under Thado Dhamma Yaza I of Prome to attack the Siamese. As the Siamese were heavily outnumbered, they retreated back to Ayutthaya.
640:
Phitsanulok army, Bayinnaung reached
Ayutthaya's city walls, heavily bombarding the city. Although superior in strength, the Burmese were not able to capture Ayutthaya, but demanded that the Siamese king come out of the city under a flag of truce for peace negotiations. Seeing that his citizens could not take the siege much longer, Chakkraphat negotiated peace, but at a high price.
37:
548:
kingdom by
Bayinnaung succeeded in taking the city in 1556. Subsequent efforts left most of northern Siam under Burmese control. This successful invasion resulted in Bayinnaung being given the nickname "Conqueror of Ten Directions". This left Chakkraphat's kingdom in a precarious position, faced with
532:
built up his capital city's defenses in preparation for a later war with the
Burmese. The 1547–49 war ended in a Siamese defensive victory and preserved Siamese independence. However, Bayinnaung's territorial ambitions prompted Chakkraphat to prepare for another invasion. These preparations included
585:
The
Siamese forces started the defense of Ayutthaya, with Phraya Chakri commanding 15,000 men to the Lumphli Fortress in the northern of Ayutthaya, Chao Phraya Mahasena commanding 10,000 men to the Ban Dokmai Han Tra Fortress in the east, Phraya Phra Khlang commanding 10,000 men to guard the south,
495:
to force the
Ayutthaya kingdom into submission under his rule, as part of his campaign that later created the largest empire ever to exist in Southeast Asia. 13 years into Bayinnaung's reign, his second attempt at invasion of Siam and first as king succeeded after an extensive siege of the city of
621:
After learning that
Bayinnaung had brought the Burmese Royal Army down from the Hua Mueang Nuea with Siamese recruits, Chakkraphat ordered an army to be raised. Phraya Phichai Ronnarit and Phraya Wichit Narong were sent to set up camp at Nakhon Sawan while Prince Ramesuan's main army was to help
639:
As the
Burmese forces were too numerically superior, Chakkraphat didn't dare march his army out to meet the Burmese in pitched battle and relied on his warships shelling the Burmese army. The Burmese responded by shelling the walls of Ayutthaya. With a now 60,000 strong force combined with the
635:
When
Bayinnaung arrived at Ayutthaya, Chakkraphat ordered the Siamese navy to attack the Burmese, however, this force was defeated and the Siamese suffered heavy losses and the warships retreated back into Ayutthaya. There, they were kept at bay for weeks by the Siamese fort, aided by three
676:, then Siamese territory. Bayinnaung's demand of two white elephants was increased to four. A peace treaty was signed at Wat Na Phra Men (Monastery in Front of the Funeral Pyre). Chakkraphat's accedence to Bayinnaung's demands led to a four-year peace.
562:
Bayinnaung, with his quick rise to power and influence, subsequently demanded two of King Chakkraphat's white elephants as tribute to the rising Toungoo Dynasty. Chakkraphat refused, leading to Burma's second invasion of the Ayutthaya Kingdom.
824:
695:, as vassal king of Ayutthaya, and leaving a garrison of 3,000. Burmese sources continue to say that after having been sent to Pegu for years, Maha Chakkraphat became a monk and Bayinnaung allowed him to return to
754:
Pires, Tomé (1944). Armando Cortesao (translator) (ed.). A suma oriental de Tomé Pires e o livro de Francisco Rodriguez: Leitura e notas de Armando Cortesão (in Portuguese). Cambridge: Hakluyt Society.
321:
702:
Bayinnaung also asked for 4 white elephants alongside Ramesuan, Phraya Chakri and Phra Sunthorn Songkhram as hostages. He also demanded 30 elephants and 300 bahts of silver be sent per year.
710:
The peace did not last long. In 1568, the Ayutthayans revolted against their Burmese rulers. After advice by Mahathamraja that the Ayutthaya kingdom was too weak to sustain a revolt,
699:. Thai sources, however, merely say that Mahinthrathirat, the second son of Maha Chakkraphat, ascended the throne because his father abdicated and became a monk after this war.
589:
However, the Siamese army was surprised that the Burmese had launched a two-pronged attack as they were only expecting the Burmese to only attack from the Three Pagoda Pass.
314:
609:
initially resisted the Burmese attacks as the Burmese surrounded the city. However, seeing the hopelessness of the situation, dwindling supplies, and a smallpox outbreak,
656:, and Phraya Sunthorn Songkhram back with him to Burma as a hostage, and four Siamese white elephants. Mahathamraja, although a betrayer, was to be left as ruler of
860:
307:
931:
533:
a census that prepared all able men to go to war. Arms and livestock were taken by the government in preparation for a large-scale war effort, and seven
610:
606:
517:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
405:
400:
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375:
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345:
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Bayinnaung's army consisted of 60,000 men, 2,400 horses, 360 elephants, and another army from Lan Na These forces marched towards the capital city
715:
240:
236:
216:
537:
were captured by Chakkraphat for good luck. News of the Ayutthayan king's preparation spread quickly, eventually reaching the Burmese.
926:
776:
497:
861:
https://vajirayana.org/พงษาวดารเรื่องเรารบพม่า-ครั้งกรุงศรีอยุทธยา/สงครามครั้งที่-๓-คราวรบกันด้วยเรื่องช้างเผือก-ปีกุญ-พศ-๒๑๐๖
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157:
956:
566:
Bayinnaung left Bago on 27 December 1563 and marched his force to Mottama. There, he organized his army into 5 divisions.
732:
385:
380:
941:
936:
232:
727:
480:
331:
28:
183:
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of silver to the Burmese yearly. The Burmese were also to be granted access to collect taxes at the port of
534:
41:
War elephants depicted from a later Siam–Burmese war. White war elephants such as these were the purported
802:
951:
946:
410:
200:
575:
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in Kanchanaburi Province. A separate Burmese army entered through Mae Lamao Pass in what is now
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that lasted well into the 19th century. The cause of the war was an attempt by the Toungoo king
661:
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472:
244:
220:
127:
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92:
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68:
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and Phra Sunthorn Songkhram commanding 10,000 men to set up at Jampa Fortress in the west.
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501:
464:
187:
176:
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150:
132:
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96:
920:
780:
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172:
871:(Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 353): Monday, 11th waning of Tabodwe 925 ME = 7 February 1564
673:
579:
571:
484:
251:
227:
881:
657:
602:
488:
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223:
204:
72:
43:
570:, familiar with the terrain of Siam due to his prior expeditions with the late
711:
687:, he also took Maha Chakkraphat back with him as a hostage, before appointing
680:
567:
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196:
36:
16:
War between the Toungoo Dynasty of Burma and the Ayutthaya Kingdom of Siam
476:
521:
299:
545:
669:
468:
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In exchange for the retreat of the Burmese army, Bayinnaung took
684:
303:
825:"Chedi Phukaothong or Chedi Phukhao Thong (เจดีย์ภูเขาทอง)"
714:
again led Burmese armies into Ayutthaya, resulting in
668:, required to give thirty elephants and three hundred
750:
748:
21:
762:
760:
504:, this status lasting until a 1568 revolt by
315:
8:
574:, entered Siam through what is now known as
549:enemy territory to the north and the west.
322:
308:
300:
18:
508:resulting in a short-lived independence.
777:"Ayutthaya: Capital of a Kingdom part 3"
601:, but first faced forces at the city of
744:
188:
177:
162:
151:
7:
932:Wars involving the Ayutthaya Kingdom
901:
899:
856:
854:
852:
850:
848:
846:
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842:
540:Meanwhile, an attack on the city of
14:
803:"Burmese–Siamese War (1563–1564)"
766:Maha Yazawin Vol. 2 2006: 266–268
613:surrendered on 20 February 1563.
449:Burmese-Siamese War of 1563–1564
35:
605:. The governor of Phitsanulok,
22:Burmese–Siamese War (1563–1564)
679:Burmese sources say that when
500:. Siam became a vassal of the
1:
716:another war with the Siamese
453:War over the White Elephants
294:heavy but few than ayutthaya
973:
779:. Infothai. Archived from
95:becomes a vassal state of
905:
884:. Encyclopædia Britannica
805:. WordPress. 5 April 2012
660:and viceroy of Siam. The
463:), was a war between the
460:
341:
285:
257:
210:
184:Phraya Sunthorn Songkhram
140:
108:
51:
34:
26:
906:Damrong Rajanubhab, 2012
733:Burma–Thailand relations
664:became a vassal of the
644:Siamese surrender terms
479:. It was the second of
593:Capture of Phitsanulok
141:Commanders and leaders
652:(Chakkraphat's son),
611:Mahathammarachathirat
607:Mahathammarachathirat
286:Casualties and losses
957:First Toungoo Empire
927:Burmese–Siamese wars
728:Burmese–Siamese wars
451:, also known as the
333:Burmese–Siamese wars
237:Royal Sukhothai Army
47:for the 1563–64 war.
29:Burmese–Siamese wars
783:on 12 December 2015
512:Prelude to conflict
483:fought between the
201:Thado Minsaw of Ava
631:Siege of Ayutthaya
626:Siege of Ayutthaya
617:Battle at Chai Nat
576:Three Pagodas Pass
233:Royal Burmese Army
217:Royal Siamese Army
942:Conflicts in 1564
937:Conflicts in 1563
827:. Wikimapia. 2016
662:Ayutthaya Kingdom
473:Ayutthaya Kingdom
444:
443:
298:
297:
252:Luzon mercenaries
228:Luzon mercenaries
128:Sukhothai Kingdom
115:Ayutthaya Kingdom
104:
103:
964:
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764:
755:
752:
693:Maha Chakkraphat
558:Initial invasion
530:Maha Chakkraphat
462:
461:ဆင်ဖြူတော်စစ်ပွဲ
336:
334:
324:
317:
310:
301:
268:Burmese sources:
241:Royal Lanna Army
190:
179:
164:
153:
147:Maha Chakkraphat
88:Burmese victory
53:
52:
39:
19:
972:
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746:
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724:
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689:Mahinthrathirat
666:Toungoo dynasty
650:Prince Ramesuan
646:
633:
628:
619:
595:
568:King Bayinnaung
560:
555:
535:white elephants
514:
502:Toungoo dynasty
465:Toungoo dynasty
445:
440:
337:
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328:
280:
274:
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169:Mahinthrathirat
167:
158:Prince Ramesuan
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79:
40:
17:
12:
11:
5:
970:
968:
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544:in the nearby
516:Following the
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275:360 elephants
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211:Units involved
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133:Lan Na Kingdom
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122:Toungoo Empire
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654:Phraya Chakri
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45:
38:
33:
30:
25:
20:
952:1564 in Asia
947:1563 in Asia
914:
886:. Retrieved
882:"Bayinnaung"
876:
867:
829:. Retrieved
819:
807:. Retrieved
797:
785:. Retrieved
781:the original
771:
709:
701:
683:returned to
678:
647:
638:
634:
620:
596:
588:
584:
580:Tak Province
572:Tabinshwehti
565:
561:
539:
515:
452:
448:
446:
350:
281:120,000+ men
277:
273:2,400 horses
267:
266:
120:
109:Belligerents
87:
42:
691:, a son of
658:Phitsanulok
603:Phitsanulok
518:1547–49 war
481:twenty wars
271:60,000+ men
248:mercenaries
224:mercenaries
205:Binnya Dala
73:Phitsanulok
44:casus belli
921:Categories
739:References
712:Bayinnaung
681:Bayinnaung
542:Chiang Mai
493:Bayinnaung
245:Portuguese
221:Portuguese
197:Bayinnaung
195:High King
706:Aftermath
697:Ayutthaya
599:Ayutthaya
526:Ayutthaya
520:with the
506:Ayutthaya
498:Ayutthaya
436:1849–1855
431:1809–1812
426:1802–1805
421:1797–1798
416:1792–1794
406:1785–1786
401:1775–1776
396:1765–1767
391:1759–1760
386:1700–1701
381:1675–1676
376:1662–1664
371:1609–1622
366:1593–1600
361:1584–1593
356:1568–1569
351:1563–1564
346:1547–1549
93:Ayutthaya
77:Sukhothai
69:Ayutthaya
59:1563-1564
888:15 March
831:15 March
809:15 March
787:15 March
722:See also
553:Invasion
471:and the
258:Strength
64:Location
27:Part of
670:catties
522:Toungoo
489:Siamese
485:Burmese
457:Burmese
186: (
175: (
160: (
149: (
674:Mergui
546:Lan Na
263:70,000
117:(Siam)
84:Result
908:: 20.
528:king
469:Burma
291:heavy
890:2016
833:2016
811:2016
789:2016
685:Pegu
487:and
477:Siam
447:The
411:1788
56:Date
475:of
467:of
189:POW
178:POW
163:POW
152:POW
923::
898:^
841:^
759:^
747:^
718:.
582:.
524:,
459::
75:,
71:,
892:.
835:.
813:.
791:.
455:(
323:e
316:t
309:v
192:)
181:)
166:)
155:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
