252:, covered by the Government group, would be replaced by a new Luneta placed further out in the bay, preserving its unobstructed view of the sea on its westward side while trees would enclose the other three sides to provide sun protection and offer glimpses of the bay through the foliage. The proposal recognizes the importance of parks and open spaces in enhancing the beauty and function of buildings. The proposal includes creating small park spaces throughout the city, such as
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shade. The overall goal is to leave the old city streets untouched, improve the setting of the old walls, and create a street system that ensures sunlight, accessibility, and efficient traffic flow. The importance of future needs and the example of
Washington, D.C., are highlighted as reasons for the proposed plan's scale and foresight.
375:, despite their initial unfavorable conditions, as they are valuable for transportation purposes. It suggests widening, dredging, and providing masonry banks for the esteros to enhance their usefulness for freight handling. The development of estero connections is also proposed to reduce the risk of river overflow.
280:, and small cascades. Water features serve both aesthetic and practical purposes, adding tranquility and beauty to the parks while mitigating heat. The sound and sight of flowing water create a calming atmosphere, and the evaporation of water helps cool the surrounding air, providing relief from high temperatures.
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The
Governor-General's residence is suggested to be located in the bay outside the boulevard on new-made land, facing an esplanade that extends through the Malate military reservation. The passage also suggests a series of city clubs south of the Governor-General's residence, a country club south of
196:
Burnham, along with a designer from his firm, Pierce
Anderson, arrived in Manila on December 7, 1904, and studied the layout and the environment at the time of the cities of Manila and Baguio for almost a month. The two then went back to the United States where he worked on drawing out the plans for
308:
The
Government or National Group, which includes the Capitol Building and Department Buildings, is located on the present Camp Wallace and adjacent land back of Calle Nozelada. The buildings are arranged in a hollow square formation, opening westward toward the sea. The eastern front of the Capitol
288:
The plan aims to modify the old quarter of town while keeping the street arrangement mostly unchanged. It emphasizes starting early to avoid rising costs and utilizes the low real estate values in Manila. The first step involves establishing new street lines and opening some streets immediately,
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The outer districts of the city are provided with a street system that avoids north-south or east-west orientation, instead favoring fan-shaped grouping of radiating streets and diagonal arteries for direct communication. The plan also suggests wider avenues with park-like connections and ample
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The plan also discusses the need for railroad facilities to support a new port. It suggests two options for the railroad approach: one from the north side, which already exists but requires bridging the Pasig River, and another from the south side, which would cut through the city and require
343:
A proposed passenger railway station, centrally located in
Greater Manila, is connected to the Government center through one of the radiating arteries. The location takes advantage of the bend in the Pasig River, allowing for the development of a terminal property without causing significant
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over the Pasig River would be a more feasible option despite potential hindrances to navigation and reduced river frontage value. It further mentions the possibility of an additional harbor north of the river to accommodate the new port, which would require extending the existing channel.
237:, plants, and sidewalks, providing protection from the elements with strategically planted palms, bamboo, and mango trees which "adds mystery" and enhances the value of the ocean and sky. Additionally, shaded drives along the banks of the Pasig River, extending from the city to
313:, which serves as a central hub connecting the street system to all parts of the city, ensuring the Capitol, the symbol of the nation's power and the center of government activities, is easily accessible from all sides.
268:
which would provide suitable locations for future important buildings. Meanwhile, nine bigger parks evenly distributed in Manila would offer facilities for outdoor activities and connected by green parkway boulevards.
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along the bay front, extending from the existing Luneta to Cavite, and possibly further north. Private portions of the bay front would be reclaimed for public use. The boulevard would feature roadways,
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near Luneta Park. Santa Mesa
Heights is considered suitable for schools or a university, while the high ground north and east of the city is suggested for parks and other semi-public institutions.
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The bill mandates the
National Museum to develop the National Museum Complex within and adjacent to Rizal Park and other identified areas with reference to the Burnham Plan for Manila of 1905.
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The
National Museum will be mandated to develop the National Museum Complex within and adjacent to Rizal Park and other identified areas with reference to the Burnham Plan for manila of 1905.
411:, could serve as convenient options for these resorts. This would provide government employees and their families with a change of air without the need for extensive travel or separation.
296:, suggesting that openings be made through the massive projecting bastions for roadways. The existing moat is proposed to be filled and leveled to create sunken panels for green spaces.
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and Pierce
Anderson which detail the plan for the city of Manila. It proposed developments based on the characteristics of the city and is patterned after the cities of
2088:
355:, and the proposed Custom House, Board of Trade, and Commercial Museum, extends to the waterfront where a special pier is proposed as the main water gate of Manila.
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Olmstead, however, was unavailable and the task was eventually given to Daniel
Burnham. Other architects who showed interest and was considered for the job included
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There have been efforts to revive the implementation of the plan throughout the years after not being completely realized because of the establishment of
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The plan suggests incorporating water elements in Manila's parks, inspired by Rome's use of fountains and water features. These could include
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170:. The American colonial government wanted to "modernize" the capital city of their newly acquired territory, and the mountain city of
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on high ground due to its climate. The plan suggests that locations near Manila, such as the low hills on the east, the mountains of
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859:. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1906. pp. 631–634 – via Bureau of Insular Affairs, War Dept.
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804:. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1906. pp. 630–631 – via Bureau of Insular Affairs, War Dept.
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757:. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1906. pp. 628–629 – via Bureau of Insular Affairs, War Dept.
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943:. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1906. p. 635 – via Bureau of Insular Affairs, War Dept.
906:. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 1906. p. 634 – via Bureau of Insular Affairs, War Dept.
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will be relocated south of its current temporary site, requiring riverfront access for easy mail transportation.
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Additionally, the it emphasizes the aesthetic and practical benefits of establishing shaded drives and open
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the two cities and completed it by June 1905. It was eventually approved by the U.S. Congress a year later.
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in 1945. The plan is often a subject of discussions in the issue of urban planning in the Philippines.
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At the turn of 20th century, the Philippines was acquired by the United States from Spain, along with
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621:"Aesthetic Regime Change The Burnham Plans and US Landscape Imperialism in the Philippines"
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336:. The road ends in a central circle with three important bridges over the Pasig River.
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to hire a landscape architect for the task, leading to Forbes initially eyeing
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536:"Burnham's century-old ideas can still be used to improve Manila – architect"
588:"Bill seeking to reconfigure the National Museum awaits Duterte's signature"
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694:"Report of the Philippine commission to the secretary of war ... 1900-1915"
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The plan also addresses the preservation of the old walls surrounding the
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including the merging of Manila with nearby cities forming the city of
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561:"Duterte signs law strengthening National Museum of the Philippines"
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The plan highlights the importance of preserving and developing the
968:
Report of the Philippine Commission to the Secretary of War, Part 1
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along the riverbanks, as well as the public use of these areas.
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Sixth Annual Report of the Philippines Commission 1905 (Part 1)
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Sixth Annual Report of the Philippines Commission 1905 (Part 1)
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Sixth Annual Report of the Philippines Commission 1905 (Part 1)
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Sixth Annual Report of the Philippines Commission 1905 (Part 1)
754:
Sixth Annual Report of the Philippines Commission 1905 (Part 1)
224:
One key aspect of the proposal is the creation of a continuous
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The plan suggests utilizing the city's resources, such as the
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Philippine Studies: Historical & Ethnographic Viewpoints
485:"This 1905 City Plan Shows What Manila Could've Looked Like"
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113:, four years before Burnham published the more known
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511:"A vital setting in the Philippines' rich history"
332:. Behind these buildings are some of the proposed
138:in 1939 as the new capital and the effects of the
119:where the plan also appeared along with plans for
920:Daniel H. Burnham; Architect, Planner of Cities
878:Daniel H. Burnham; Architect, Planner of Cities
827:Daniel H. Burnham; Architect, Planner of Cities
776:Daniel H. Burnham; Architect, Planner of Cities
727:Daniel H. Burnham; Architect, Planner of Cities
698:Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA
106:The plan was at the request of then-Philippine
209:Development of waterfront, parks, and parkways
174:, which was designated as the summer capital.
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8:
1955:Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System
973:Manila, P.I., plan of proposed improvements
84:Manila, P.I., plan of proposed improvements
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1406:National Capital Region of the Philippines
1388:
1374:
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1004:
990:
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1635:Metropolitan Manila Development Authority
78:Report on proposed improvements at Manila
22:Report on proposed improvements at Manila
379:elevated tracks. The plan argues that a
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205:The plan focused on five major points:
289:while others may be opened gradually.
18:
1975:Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission
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16:1905 city plan of Manila, Philippines
7:
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559:Esguerra, Darryl John (2019-07-16).
2137:Department of Transportation (DOTr)
367:Development of water transportation
347:The Municipal Group will be around
245:, are also considered in the plan.
14:
2318:Urban planning in the Philippines
1980:Laguna Lake Development Authority
1950:Manila Electric Company (Meralco)
1777:Rehabilitation of the Pasig River
957:Plan of Manila in Plan of Chicago
177:William Howard Taft suggested to
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27:
1810:Oldest buildings and structures
316:South of the main group is the
407:, and the hill country around
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2006:Primary and secondary schools
1933:Public services and utilities
1710:Battles of La Naval de Manila
1564:La Mesa Watershed Reservation
1715:British occupation of Manila
1569:Marikina Valley Fault System
1262:New Manila Bay–City of Pearl
534:MACAS, TRISHA (2014-10-16).
509:Mioten, Erika (2023-06-23).
1884:Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas
483:Chua, Paolo (May 7, 2020).
87:, a 1905 report and map by
2344:
2094:Theaters and concert halls
1022:Capital of the Philippines
304:Location of building sites
187:Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr.
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2269:Frost Plan of Quezon City
2211:Pasig River Ferry Service
1996:Colleges and universities
1879:Manila Commodity Exchange
1874:Philippine Stock Exchange
1800:
1670:
1403:
1335:
1099:
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881:. Vol. 2. New York:
830:. Vol. 2. New York:
779:. Vol. 2. New York:
730:. Vol. 2. New York:
465:Frost Plan of Quezon City
26:
1423:Administrative divisions
399:Manila needs accessible
344:disruptions to traffic.
2259:Metro Manila Dream Plan
2062:Roman Catholic churches
1970:Maynilad Water Services
1767:People Power Revolution
1750:Battle of Manila (1945)
1735:Battle of Manila (1899)
1705:Manila–Acapulco Galleon
961:Encyclopedia of Chicago
917:Moore, Charles (1968).
875:Moore, Charles (1968).
824:Moore, Charles (1968).
773:Moore, Charles (1968).
724:Moore, Charles (1968).
460:Burnham Plan of Chicago
359:the city limits, and a
2328:Landscape architecture
2264:Burnham Plan of Manila
1919:Mixed-use developments
1745:City of Greater Manila
1720:1880 Luzon earthquakes
1255:Manila Waterfront City
1233:Mixed-use developments
619:Kirsch, Scott (2017).
431:This section is empty.
320:. To the north, along
309:faces a semi-circular
183:William Cameron Forbes
75:is a popular name for
73:Burnham Plan of Manila
2011:International schools
1857:Bonifacio Global City
1521:Legislative districts
1294:Legislative districts
1284:Manila Dolomite Beach
1036:Seal and coat of arms
637:10.1353/phs.2017.0021
284:Updated street system
179:Philippine Commission
2179:Intermodal terminals
1965:Manila Water Company
1772:World Youth Day 1995
1730:Battle of Manila Bay
515:BusinessWorld Online
330:exposition buildings
274:decorative fountains
191:Charles Follen McKim
44:Commissioned by
2244:Nicknames of Manila
2111:Television stations
2057:Religious buildings
1960:Water privatization
1815:Cultural properties
1614:Greater Manila Area
885:. pp. 192–194.
834:. pp. 188–192.
783:. pp. 184–188.
734:. pp. 180–184.
673:The Philippine Star
489:Esquire Philippines
201:Aspects of the plan
111:William Howard Taft
47:William Howard Taft
2072:Songs about Manila
1914:Entertainment City
1820:Historical markers
1782:Rizal Day bombings
1725:Cry of Pugad Lawin
1700:Province of Manila
1609:Manggahan Floodway
1574:Rivers and esteros
1056:historical markers
977:Stanford Libraries
668:"A CITY BEAUTIFUL"
666:Alcazaren, Paulo.
655:– via JSTOR.
266:parkway boulevards
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2249:Notable Manileños
2099:Art Deco theaters
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1792:COVID-19 pandemic
1740:Province of Rizal
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1248:Manila Solar City
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1068:Public education
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433:You can help by
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278:reflecting pools
148:Battle of Manila
146:in 1942 and the
121:Washington, D.C.
108:Governor-General
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2001:University Belt
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1755:Manila massacre
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1307:Second District
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326:Bridge of Spain
324:leading to the
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116:Plan of Chicago
57:Pierce Anderson
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39:June 28, 1905
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2232:Other topics
2077:Manila sound
1845:Ayala Avenue
1559:Sierra Madre
1414:capital city
1397:Metro Manila
1340:Metro Manila
1279:Baseco Beach
1260:
1253:
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1123:City Council
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701:. Retrieved
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595:. Retrieved
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568:. Retrieved
565:INQUIRER.net
564:
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543:. Retrieved
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518:. Retrieved
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492:. Retrieved
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478:
439:
435:adding to it
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353:Ayuntamiento
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140:World War II
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2133:Government
1924:Skyscrapers
1899:Attractions
1889:Manila Mint
1762:City of Man
1640:Chairperson
1619:Mega Manila
1544:Pasig River
1496:Quezon City
1451:Mandaluyong
1345:Philippines
1204:San Nicolas
1078:Skyscrapers
338:Post Office
235:bridle path
164:Puerto Rico
136:Quezon City
2323:City plans
2312:Categories
2174:P2P routes
2169:Bus routes
2106:Newspapers
2052:Public art
2037:Cemeteries
1840:Makati CBD
1695:Intramuros
1675:Prehistory
1628:Government
1539:Manila Bay
1511:Valenzuela
1466:Muntinlupa
1219:Santa Mesa
1214:Santa Cruz
1199:San Miguel
1194:San Andres
1159:Intramuros
1118:City Mayor
1111:Government
703:2024-01-26
679:2024-01-27
597:2023-06-25
570:2023-06-25
545:2023-06-25
520:2023-06-25
471:References
442:March 2024
381:drawbridge
318:Courthouse
294:Intramuros
262:esplanades
154:Background
2016:Libraries
1989:Education
1940:Hospitals
1654:(defunct)
1531:Geography
1516:Barangays
1476:Parañaque
1436:Las Piñas
1209:Santa Ana
1179:Port Area
1142:Districts
1128:City Hall
1041:Geography
653:148791732
405:Mariveles
219:ocean bay
125:Cleveland
52:Author(s)
2297:Category
2218:Aviation
1909:Gambling
1805:Timeline
1652:Governor
1604:Bay City
1501:San Juan
1461:Marikina
1431:Caloocan
1355:Category
1189:Sampaloc
1174:Pandacan
1133:Politics
1083:Timeline
1051:timeline
645:26621922
494:June 25,
454:See also
243:the lake
231:tramways
2282:Outline
2223:Traffic
2047:Museums
2042:Cinemas
2025:Culture
1894:Tourism
1862:Binondo
1833:Economy
1690:Namayan
1680:Maynila
1663:History
1589:Beaches
1579:Islands
1491:Pateros
1471:Navotas
1446:Malabon
1272:Beaches
1149:Binondo
1088:Tourism
1046:History
975:map on
258:circles
226:parkway
181:member
62:Subject
36:Created
2202:Water
1945:Police
1904:Hotels
1645:Mayors
1506:Taguig
1456:Manila
1441:Makati
1410:Manila
1184:Quiapo
1164:Malate
1154:Ermita
1063:People
1029:Topics
651:
643:
264:, and
254:plazas
250:Luneta
172:Baguio
166:, and
127:, and
101:Venice
99:, and
93:Naples
2287:Index
1685:Tondo
1594:Slums
1584:Parks
1486:Pasig
1481:Pasay
1224:Tondo
649:S2CID
641:JSTOR
389:quays
361:hotel
311:plaza
215:river
97:Paris
2186:Rail
2164:Road
2157:MIAA
2147:LRTA
2142:MMDA
1169:Paco
496:2023
233:, a
217:and
168:Guam
160:Cuba
81:and
71:The
2196:MRT
2191:LRT
2152:PNR
959:on
633:doi
437:.
2314::
891:^
865:^
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696:.
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1005:e
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444:)
440:(
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