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184:. Most grave goods recovered by archaeologists consist of inorganic objects such as pottery and stone and metal tools, but organic objects that have since decayed were also placed in ancient tombs. If grave goods were to be useful to the deceased in the afterlife, then favorite foods or everyday objects were supplied. Oftentimes, social status played a role in what was left and how often it was left.
36:
1356:
545:
Grave goods continue to be important in modern funerary rituals. In contemporary
English and American culture, bodies may be buried with goods such as eyewear, jewelry, photographs, and letters. In addition, objects are sometimes left above ground near or on top of gravestones. Flowers are common,
523:
Along with social status, grave goods also shed light on the societal norms with regards to sex. Common binary societies had women perform duties such as mothering, processing activities, cooking, etc. and men perform duties such as hunting and fighting. These societies would bury their women with
496:
cannot be overestimated. Because of their almost ubiquitous presence throughout the world and throughout prehistory, in many cases the excavation of every-day items placed in burials is the main source of such artifacts in a given prehistoric culture. However, care must be taken to avoid naĂŻve
188:
is a broad term but generally means artworks made specifically to decorate a burial place, such as miniature models of possessions - including slaves or servants - for "use" in an afterlife. (Ancient Egypt sometimes saw the burial of real servants with the deceased. Similar cases of
508:; these wealthier graves may have included earrings, necklaces, and exotic foreign materials such as amber. Some even had the spectacular sighting of gold as their grave goods which contrasted from the less wealthy graves which were more deficient. Also, in a 2001 study on an
497:
interpretation of grave goods as an objective sample of artifacts in use in a culture. Because of their ritual context, grave goods may represent a special class of artifacts, in some instances produced especially for burial. Artwork produced for the burial itself is known as
278:
Model of the warrior's burial 'Hamburg-Marmstorf Grave No. 216', dating to circa 50 A.D., Hamburg-Marmstorf, Hamburg, Germany. At the upper edge are turf and the plough horizon. Below are the burial in a ceramic urn and beneath that the grave
536:
society's women were highly respected warriors. Their graves were full of weapons and horse trappings. When it was difficult to determine sex of the individual due to bone decay, the grave goods became the determining factor.
469:. Many people would assume that the introduction of Christianity led to the absence of grave goods, however, there were many different Christian tombs that were shown to still have grave goods such as jewelry.
1129:
Robb, John; Bigazzi, Renzo; Lazzarini, Luca; Scarsini, Caterina; Sonego, Fiorenza (2001). "Social status and biological status: A comparison of grave goods and skeletal indicators from
Pontecagnano".
520:
indicators on the skeletons, showing that skeletons in wealthy tombs tended to show substantially less evidence of biological stress during adulthood, with fewer broken bones or signs of hard labor.
851:
1105:
477:
258:, where servants or wives of a deceased chieftain are interred with the body. As the inclusion of expensive grave goods and of slaves or retainers became a sign of high status in the
773:
1448:
Woodward, Ann; Hunter, John; Ixer, Rob; Maltby, Mark; Potts, Philip J.; Webb, Peter C.; Watson, John S.; Jones, Michael C. (2005). "Ritual in Some Early Bronze Age
Gravegoods".
1023:"Religious Belief in Burial: Funerary Dress and Practice at the Late Antique and Early Islamic Cemeteries at Matmar and Mostagedda, Egypt (Late Fourth–Early Ninth Centuries CE)"
310:) being buried with grave goods very early in their prehistory. Examples of these items include pots, shells, combs, stone vessels, animal figurines, and slate palettes.
1521:
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364:. For example, when they buried pharaohs in ancient Egypt, they buried common house hold items, food, vehicles, etc. so they could have a comfortable afterlife.
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501:, while grave goods in the narrow sense are items produced for actual use that are placed in the grave, but in practice the two categories overlap.
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1168:"'Seek and you Shall Find.' How the Analysis of Gendered Patterns in Archaeology can Create False Binaries: a Case Study from Durankulak"
356:), indicating social stratification. It is also possible that burial goods indicate a level of concern and consciousness in regard to an
454:(7th century), the situation may be more complicated. In the Christian Middle Ages, high-status graves are marked on the exterior, with
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of slaves, retainers and wives feature in graves in (for example) the
Americas, ancient Germania, and ancient Mesopotamia. Compare
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1262:"'I'm glad she has her glasses on. That really makes the difference': Grave goods in English and American death rituals"
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The expression of social status in rich graves is taken to extremes in the royal graves of the Bronze Age. In the
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grave goods or retainers is produced for the burial and deposited in the grave in place of the actual sacrifice.
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for "from a tomb", on grave goods buried with the dead to discourage their reuse by the living. The tomb of
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The practice of placing grave goods with the dead body has thus an uninterrupted history beginning in the
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had findings to match this society structure. There are societies where the roles are switched. The
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Burials that include intentional artifacts come much later. There is evidence of
Egyptians (of the
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The importance of grave goods, from the simple behavioral and technical to the metaphysical, in
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or expensive tomb stones and still had certain grave goods such as accessories and textiles.
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262:, the prohibitive cost led to the development of "fake" grave goods, where artwork meant to
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876:"Artifacts: Grave Goods, Mummification, Online Exhibits, Exhibits, Spurlock Museum, U of I"
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They are usually personal possessions, supplies to smooth the deceased's journey into an
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1384:
Härke, Heinrich (2014). "Grave goods in early medieval burials: messages and meanings".
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are among the most elaborate burials in human history. This trend is continued into the
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grave group including a stone wristguard, copper dagger and bone belt fitting found at
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Grave goods in Bronze Age and Iron Age cemeteries are a good indicator of relative
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1488:, Treasures From the Ancient World, Museum of Ancient and Modern Art, at muma.org
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see e.g. William A. Haviland, Harald E. L. Prins, Dana
Walrath, Bunny McBride,
558:) are sometimes left on American military graves by comrades of the deceased.
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in the 5th and 6th centuries. Similarly, the presence of grave goods in the
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graves tend to show equal distribution of goods, suggesting a more or less
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2007:
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516:, Italy, a correlation was found between the quality of grave goods and
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as grave goods exactly as laid out in the Great Tomb, North
Necropolis,
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1215:"Amazons in the Scythia: New finds at the Middle Don, Southern Russia"
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1106:"BBC – History – Ancient History in depth: Hidden Treasure Fact Files"
852:"BBC – History – Ancient History in depth: Hidden Treasure Fact Files"
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415:. An example of an extremely rich royal grave of the Iron Age is the
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graves lack grave goods, and grave goods tend to disappear with the
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2252:
2198:
1828:
1794:
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Anglo-Saxon Graves and Grave Goods of the 6th and 7th
Centuries AD
999:
The use of grave-goods in conversion-period
England, c. 600–c. 850
476:
371:
131:
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The distribution of grave goods are a potential indicator of the
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as old as 130,000 years. Similar claims have been made for early
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and offerings to the dead, in modern western culture related to
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1301:"Grieving Outside the Box: Why People Leave Things on Graves"
254:" and related customs. Also closely related is the custom of
295:
as old as 100,000 years. The earliest undisputed cases of
180:. Grave goods may be classed by researchers as a type of
1423:"Imported Grave Goods and the Early Anglo-Saxon Economy"
609:
Death-Ritual and Social
Structure in Classical Antiquity
325:, beginning in about the 12th to 11th millennium BC.
1326:"Coins on a soldier's headstone: What do they mean?"
3223:
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1966:
1939:
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1611:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
150:is but one of the treasures found within his tomb.
774:"Top 10 things to know about the Day of the Dead"
227:that was not thoroughly looted in ancient times.
234:intended for the benefit of the deceased in the
348:burials, rich grave goods are concentrated in "
550:are preferred in Jewish culture. In addition,
446:, although during the period of conversion in
442:in Europe has often been taken as evidence of
391:, 1911. Egyptian Museum, Turin, S. 14051–14055
1515:
1016:
1014:
8:
387:(Old Kingdom), 2435–2305 BC. Excavations by
1172:Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory
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2690:
2342:
2329:
1787:
1608:
1595:
1522:
1508:
1500:
1299:adventuresincemeteryhopping (2013-12-13).
828:"Human Sacrifice | The Ancient Egypt Site"
691:The Buried Soul: How Humans Invented Death
1438:
1132:American Journal of Physical Anthropology
1038:
223:is famous because it was one of the few
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1001:, British Archaeological Reports, 1997,
273:
597:
750:"All Souls' Day – Saints & Angels"
729:The Etruscan Language: an Introduction
587:, the traditional Chinese burial goods
524:jewelry and their men with axes. The
7:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
975:"Terra Cotta Soldiers on the March"
803:"What's the Origin of Hell Money?"
25:
2646:Megalithic architectural elements
1324:Swanson, Christa (May 27, 2024).
929:Anthropology: The Human Challenge
436:decline of Greco-Roman polytheism
238:. Closely related are customs of
230:Grave goods can be regarded as a
1354:
165:, are items buried along with a
34:
27:Items buried along with the body
3265:Evolutionary origin of religion
731:(Univ. Manchester Press, 2002.
45:needs additional citations for
1462:10.1080/00665983.2005.11020620
1305:Adventures in Cemetery Hopping
1166:Stratton, Susan (2016-08-11).
657:"Ancient Egyptian Grave Goods"
630:"Grave Goods in Ancient Egypt"
1:
3377:Archaeological artefact types
2878:Art of the Middle Paleolithic
2408:British megalith architecture
1213:Guliaev, V. I. (April 2003).
1040:10.3998/ars.13441566.0047.002
739:); several examples collected
283:There are disputed claims of
2873:Art of the Upper Paleolithic
2413:Nordic megalith architecture
1398:10.1080/13576275.2013.870544
1070:Bayliss, Alex (2017-07-05).
1021:PleĹźa, Alexandra D. (2017).
918:The Earliest Beads, muma.org
780:. 2017-10-26. Archived from
407:and the royal graves in the
1266:Journal of Material Culture
1231:10.1080/0043824032000078117
317:deposited in graves in the
3418:
3021:British Isles and Brittany
2942:Gwion Gwion rock paintings
1049:2027/spo.13441566.0047.002
635:World History Encyclopedia
332:of a society. Thus, early
293:anatomically modern humans
200:Where grave goods appear,
2706:
2689:
2341:
2328:
1790:
1607:
1594:
1537:
1184:10.1007/s10816-016-9290-2
931:, Cengage Learning, 2010
880:www.spurlock.illinois.edu
530:Bulgarian Black Sea Coast
204:is a potential problem.
1278:10.1177/1359183511432987
807:South China Morning Post
3253:Evolutionary musicology
2656:Oldest extant buildings
2583:Archaeological features
2102:Prepared-core technique
1421:Huggett, J. W. (1988).
1260:Harper, Sheila (2012).
655:hooverre (2014-02-06).
377:Conical loaves of bread
321:date to the end of the
208:would scratch the word
3215:Unchambered long cairn
3063:Mound Builders culture
2396:Neolithic architecture
1531:Prehistoric technology
1450:Archaeological Journal
489:
392:
280:
250:), in East Asia the "
151:
2890:List of Stone Age art
2092:Microblade technology
2040:Langdale axe industry
1638:Ard / plough
1082:10.4324/9781315097220
832:www.ancient-egypt.org
480:
426:In the sphere of the
375:
360:and related sense of
330:social stratification
299:burials are found in
277:
135:
3297:Prehistoric medicine
3292:Prehistoric counting
3275:Prehistoric religion
3270:Paleolithic religion
3248:Behavioral modernity
2605:Causewayed enclosure
2497:Abri de la Madeleine
1621:Neolithic Revolution
1427:Medieval Archaeology
979:Smithsonian Magazine
661:Rise of Civilization
389:Ernesto Schiaparelli
54:improve this article
3336:Prehistoric warfare
2082:Magdalenian culture
2045:Levallois technique
1976:Earliest toolmaking
514:Pontecagnano Faiano
473:Role in archaeology
448:Anglo-Saxon England
409:Valley of the Kings
176:, or offerings to
3287:Origin of language
3280:Spiritual drug use
3190:Rectangular dolmen
3092:Dartmoor kistvaens
2905:Carved stone balls
2617:Circular enclosure
2576:Other architecture
2519:Alp pile dwellings
2107:Solutrean industry
2018:Gravettian culture
1668:Secondary products
1493:2020-11-27 at the
1486:The Earliest Beads
611:(Cambridge, 1992;
552:coins for the dead
490:
467:Middle Paleolithic
393:
368:Famous grave sites
301:Upper Palaeolithic
285:intentional burial
281:
256:retainer sacrifice
152:
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3363:
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3309:Prehistoric music
3258:music archaeology
2915:Cup and ring mark
2740:Clothing/textiles
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2684:
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2320:
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2127:Yubetsu technique
2112:Striking platform
2077:Lithic technology
1962:
1961:
1947:Game drive system
1866:Projectile points
1758:Mortar and pestle
1219:World Archaeology
1145:10.1002/ajpa.1076
1091:978-1-315-09722-0
1007:978-0-86054-917-8
937:978-0-495-81084-1
722:Giuliano Bonfante
548:visitation stones
463:Upper Paleolithic
440:Early Middle Ages
397:Theban Necropolis
338:classless society
323:Upper Paleolithic
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
3409:
3324:Divje Babe flute
3231:Archaeoastronomy
2974:Petrosomatoglyph
2708:
2691:
2540:Water management
2343:
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2233:Denticulate tool
2055:Lithic reduction
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905:Man and His Gods
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784:on July 14, 2017
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726:Larissa Bonfante
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694:. Beacon Press.
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663:. Archived from
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528:cemetery on the
319:Fertile Crescent
308:Badarian culture
240:ancestor worship
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3205:Stone box grave
3175:Megalithic tomb
3080:Cotswold-Severn
3032:
2937:Guardian stones
2865:Prehistoric art
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2702:
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2666:Timber trackway
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2535:
2531:Wattle and daub
2384:
2363:Standing stones
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1958:
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1687:Food processing
1682:
1631:New World crops
1603:
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1495:Wayback Machine
1481:
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1440:10.5284/1071745
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1348:Further reading
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973:Lubow, Arthur.
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967:
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950:"Mummy History"
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900:Smith, Homer W.
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754:Catholic Online
748:
747:
743:
720:
716:
706:
704:
702:
686:Taylor, Timothy
684:
683:
679:
670:
668:
654:
653:
649:
640:
638:
628:
627:
623:
603:
599:
594:
564:
556:challenge coins
543:
541:In modern times
475:
452:Frankish Empire
432:early Christian
417:Terracotta Army
370:
272:
248:Day of the Dead
191:human sacrifice
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3415:
3413:
3405:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3369:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3338:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3314:Alligator drum
3306:
3305:
3304:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3283:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3262:
3261:
3260:
3250:
3245:
3244:
3243:
3241:lunar calendar
3238:
3227:
3225:
3224:Other cultural
3221:
3220:
3218:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
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3138:
3128:
3123:
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3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3095:
3094:
3084:
3083:
3082:
3072:
3071:
3070:
3060:
3059:
3058:
3053:
3042:
3040:
3034:
3033:
3031:
3030:
3028:Venus figurine
3025:
3024:
3023:
3018:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2959:Megalithic art
2956:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2917:
2912:
2910:Cave paintings
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2886:
2885:
2875:
2869:
2867:
2861:
2860:
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2840:
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2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2793:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2776:
2775:
2774:
2769:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2716:
2714:
2712:Material goods
2704:
2703:
2694:
2687:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2673:
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2631:
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2590:
2585:
2579:
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2559:
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2537:
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2533:
2528:
2523:
2522:
2521:
2511:
2506:
2505:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2468:
2467:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2435:
2430:
2428:Cliff dwelling
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2404:
2403:
2392:
2390:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2382:
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2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2224:
2223:
2213:
2212:
2211:
2206:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2158:
2157:
2147:
2141:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2013:Fire hardening
2010:
2005:
2003:Clovis culture
2000:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1972:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1943:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1928:
1926:Manis Mastodon
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1882:
1881:
1870:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1826:
1821:
1820:
1819:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1805:throwing stick
1797:
1791:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
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1728:
1723:
1718:
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1711:
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1696:
1690:
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1684:
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1633:
1628:
1617:
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1605:
1604:
1599:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
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1512:
1504:
1498:
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1480:
1479:External links
1477:
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1360:
1353:
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1349:
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1343:
1342:
1316:
1291:
1252:
1225:(1): 112–125.
1205:
1178:(3): 854–869.
1158:
1139:(3): 213–222.
1121:
1097:
1090:
1062:
1027:Ars Orientalis
1010:
990:
965:
941:
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891:
867:
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560:
542:
539:
474:
471:
369:
366:
313:Beads made of
271:
268:
252:hell bank note
244:All Souls' Day
225:Egyptian tombs
182:votive deposit
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3414:
3403:
3400:
3398:
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3387:Death customs
3385:
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3380:
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3259:
3256:
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3234:
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3232:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3222:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3200:Simple dolmen
3198:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3185:Passage grave
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3131:Gallery grave
3129:
3127:
3124:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3100:
3097:
3093:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3085:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3076:
3073:
3069:
3066:
3065:
3064:
3061:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3048:
3047:
3046:Burial mounds
3044:
3043:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3029:
3026:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3006:Statue menhir
3004:
3002:
2999:
2995:
2994:Stone carving
2992:
2990:
2987:
2986:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
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2926:
2923:
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2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2884:
2881:
2880:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2870:
2868:
2866:
2862:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2833:Sewing needle
2831:
2827:
2824:
2822:
2819:
2817:
2814:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2798:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2785:
2782:
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2777:
2773:
2770:
2768:
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2746:
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2733:
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2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2692:
2688:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2661:Timber circle
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2615:
2611:
2610:Tor enclosure
2608:
2607:
2606:
2603:
2599:
2598:fulacht fiadh
2596:
2595:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2574:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2538:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2461:
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2436:
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2426:
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2411:
2409:
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2327:
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2301:
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2279:
2276:
2274:
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2269:
2266:
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2261:
2259:
2256:
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2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2217:
2214:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2178:
2175:
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2173:
2170:
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2165:
2163:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
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2058:
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2053:
2051:
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2043:
2041:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1965:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
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1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
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1892:
1889:
1887:
1884:
1880:
1877:
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1872:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1863:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1834:spear-thrower
1832:
1831:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1813:
1812:Bow and arrow
1810:
1806:
1803:
1802:
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1724:
1722:
1721:Grinding slab
1719:
1717:
1714:
1710:
1707:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1691:
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1685:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1653:Domestication
1651:
1649:
1648:Digging stick
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1632:
1629:
1627:
1626:Founder crops
1624:
1623:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1597:
1593:
1587:
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1580:
1577:
1576:
1575:
1572:
1568:
1567:New Stone Age
1565:
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1399:
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1387:
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1375:
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1367:
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1347:
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1173:
1169:
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1138:
1134:
1133:
1125:
1122:
1111:
1110:www.bbc.co.uk
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1083:
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1076:. Routledge.
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997:Helen Geake,
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908:. p. 16.
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856:www.bbc.co.uk
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701:9780807046722
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667:on 2021-01-18
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506:social status
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487:Sittingbourne
484:
479:
472:
470:
468:
465:, if not the
464:
459:
457:
456:tomb effigies
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
424:
422:
421:Qin Shi Huang
418:
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401:Ancient Egypt
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202:grave robbery
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110:February 2008
102:
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74:
71: –
70:
69:"Grave goods"
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
3382:Anthropology
3147:
3141:wedge-shaped
3126:Funeral pyre
3119:Great dolmen
3075:Chamber tomb
3056:Round barrow
3011:Stone circle
2883:Blombos Cave
2811:Grooved ware
2735:Chalcolithic
2639:Thornborough
2557:Flush toilet
2492:Blombos Cave
2487:Rock shelter
2443:Quiggly hole
2335:Architecture
2310:illustration
1952:Buffalo jump
1773:Storage pits
1736:Aşıklı Höyük
1726:Ground stone
1562:Subdivisions
1485:
1453:
1449:
1430:
1426:
1392:(1): 41–60.
1389:
1385:
1370:
1369:
1368:profile for
1365:
1333:. Retrieved
1329:
1319:
1308:. Retrieved
1304:
1294:
1272:(1): 43–59.
1269:
1265:
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1222:
1218:
1208:
1175:
1171:
1161:
1136:
1130:
1124:
1113:. Retrieved
1109:
1100:
1072:
1065:
1033:(20191029).
1030:
1026:
998:
993:
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978:
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953:
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928:
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894:
883:. Retrieved
879:
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859:. Retrieved
855:
846:
835:. Retrieved
831:
822:
811:. Retrieved
809:. 2015-09-03
806:
797:
786:. Retrieved
782:the original
777:
768:
757:. Retrieved
753:
744:
728:
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705:. Retrieved
690:
680:
669:. Retrieved
665:the original
660:
650:
639:. Retrieved
633:
624:
608:
600:
582:
544:
522:
512:cemetery in
503:
499:funerary art
491:
460:
428:Roman Empire
425:
394:
362:spirituality
342:Chalcolithic
327:
312:
305:
296:
289:Neanderthals
282:
263:
229:
209:
199:
186:Funerary art
171:
163:anthropology
154:
153:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
18:Burial goods
3163:unchambered
3158:Long barrow
3148:Grave goods
3104:Court cairn
3099:Clava cairn
3051:Bowl barrow
2989:Rock cupule
2932:Golden hats
2925:Hill figure
2826:Unstan ware
2806:Cord-marked
2671:Sweet Track
2593:Burnt mound
2514:Stilt house
2502:Sibudu Cave
2295:Tally stick
2263:Quern-stone
2248:Hammerstone
2238:Fire plough
2209:Pesse canoe
2167:Bannerstone
2137:Other tools
2050:Lithic core
1998:Aurignacian
1886:Bare Island
1768:Quern-stone
1372:Grave goods
954:history.com
573:Grave field
554:(including
534:Sauromatian
494:archaeology
385:5th Dynasty
340:, while in
221:Tutankhamun
159:archaeology
155:Grave goods
148:Tutankhamun
3371:Categories
3302:trepanning
3195:Ring cairn
3153:Jar burial
3136:transepted
3068:U.S. sites
2969:Petroglyph
2895:Bird stone
2853:wine press
2526:Stone roof
2509:Roundhouse
2401:long house
2378:Stonehenge
2346:Ceremonial
2290:Stone tool
2117:Tool stone
2087:Metallurgy
1991:Mousterian
1968:Toolmaking
1906:Cumberland
1879:Transverse
1849:Schöningen
1741:Qesem cave
1709:Earth oven
1663:Irrigation
1574:Technology
1542:Prehistory
1330:fox4kc.com
1310:2024-07-12
1115:2020-11-12
984:2020-10-14
959:2020-11-12
885:2020-11-12
861:2020-10-14
837:2020-10-14
813:2020-10-14
788:2020-10-14
759:2020-10-14
671:2020-10-02
641:2020-10-02
605:Ian Morris
592:References
578:Necropolis
526:Durankulak
483:Copper Age
352:" graves (
346:Bronze Age
260:Bronze Age
80:newspapers
3397:Afterlife
3392:Sacrifice
3346:symbolism
3210:Tor cairn
3168:Grønsalen
3109:Cremation
3001:Sculpture
2979:Pictogram
2964:Petroform
2784:amber use
2752:Cosmetics
2562:Reservoir
2547:Check dam
2477:Pueblitos
2472:Pit-house
2455:Longhouse
2389:Dwellings
2258:Microlith
2189:Bow drill
2184:Bone tool
2177:prismatic
1986:Acheulean
1901:Cresswell
1874:Arrowhead
1800:Boomerang
1716:Granaries
1678:Terracing
1557:Stone Age
1470:162333049
1456:: 31–64.
1433:: 63–96.
1414:143771175
1406:1357-6275
1386:Mortality
1286:1359-1835
1239:0043-8243
1200:152224107
1192:1072-5369
1057:2328-1286
939:, p. 268.
902:(2015) .
546:although
358:afterlife
350:chieftain
334:Neolithic
236:afterlife
232:sacrifice
206:Etruscans
174:afterlife
2984:Rock art
2947:painting
2920:Geoglyph
2745:timeline
2725:Beadwork
2465:Mehrgarh
2460:Mudbrick
2368:megalith
2243:Fire-saw
2065:debitage
2060:analysis
2028:Hand axe
2008:Cupstone
1586:Glossary
1547:Timeline
1491:Archived
1335:July 12,
1247:22946203
1153:11424073
707:11 April
688:(2004).
562:See also
518:Forensic
510:Iron Age
450:and the
444:paganism
413:Iron Age
405:pyramids
381:Gebelein
303:sites.
214:Etruscan
3341:Symbols
2952:pigment
2838:Weaving
2801:Cardium
2796:Pottery
2791:Mirrors
2779:Jewelry
2720:Baskets
2700:culture
2552:Cistern
2358:Pyramid
2300:Weapons
2278:Scraper
2268:Racloir
2228:Cleaver
2216:Chopper
2122:Uniface
2033:Grooves
2023:Hafting
1981:Oldowan
1940:Systems
1891:Cascade
1854:woomera
1844:harpoon
1817:history
1783:Hunting
1763:Pottery
1704:Cooking
1613:Farming
1579:history
1552:Outline
1362:Scholia
354:barrows
270:History
218:pharaoh
145:Pharaoh
94:scholar
3319:flutes
3114:Dolmen
3038:Burial
2848:winery
2821:Linear
2651:Midden
2629:Cursus
2622:Goseck
2482:Pueblo
2433:Dugout
2418:Burdei
2097:Mining
1921:Lamoka
1916:Folsom
1896:Clovis
1753:Metate
1731:Hearth
1699:Basket
1673:Sickle
1468:
1412:
1404:
1364:has a
1284:
1245:
1237:
1198:
1190:
1151:
1088:
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1005:
935:
778:Travel
735:
698:
615:
584:Mingqi
568:Burial
403:, the
315:basalt
279:goods.
264:depict
210:śuθina
195:suttee
141:throne
138:gilded
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
3236:sites
3180:Mummy
2900:Cairn
2816:JĹŤmon
2767:shoes
2762:Hides
2634:Henge
2588:Broch
2450:Jacal
2305:Wheel
2253:Knife
2199:Canoe
2194:Burin
2172:Blade
2070:flake
1931:Plano
1839:baton
1829:Spear
1795:Arrow
1748:Manos
1601:Tools
1466:S2CID
1410:S2CID
1366:topic
1243:S2CID
1196:S2CID
157:, in
101:JSTOR
87:books
3329:gudi
3087:Cist
3016:list
2843:Wine
2772:Ă–tzi
2757:Glue
2730:Beds
2698:and
2696:Arts
2567:Well
2423:Cave
2353:Kiva
2283:side
2273:Rope
2221:tool
2155:bone
2145:Adze
1911:Eden
1824:Nets
1694:Fire
1658:Goad
1643:Celt
1402:ISSN
1337:2024
1282:ISSN
1235:ISSN
1188:ISSN
1149:PMID
1086:ISBN
1053:ISSN
1003:ISBN
933:ISBN
733:ISBN
724:and
709:2023
696:ISBN
613:ISBN
344:and
178:gods
167:body
161:and
136:The
73:news
2438:Hut
2373:row
2204:Oar
2162:Axe
2150:Awl
1458:doi
1454:162
1435:doi
1394:doi
1274:doi
1227:doi
1180:doi
1141:doi
1137:115
1078:doi
1045:hdl
1035:doi
419:of
399:in
287:of
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