38:
468:
1011:
893:
1066:, on both sides of the Atlantic. A new generation, nostalgic for the spectacle and perceived glamour of the classic American burlesque, developed a cult following for the art in the early 1990s at Billie Madley's "Cinema" and later at the "Dutch Weismann's Follies" revues in New York City, "The Velvet Hammer" troupe in Los Angeles and The Shim-Shamettes in New Orleans. Ivan Kane's Royal Jelly Burlesque Nightclub at
781:
868:
1055:
672:
204:
849:. From about 1880, Victorian burlesques grew longer, until they were a whole evening's entertainment rather than part of a double- or triple-bill. In the early 1890s, these burlesques went out of fashion in London, and the focus of the Gaiety and other burlesque theatres changed to the new more wholesome but less literary genre of
741:
1032:
clamped down on burlesque, effectively putting it out of business by the early 1940s. It lingered on elsewhere in the US, increasingly neglected, and by the 1970s, with nudity commonplace in theatres, reached "its final shabby demise." Both during its declining years and afterwards there have been
371:
Beginning in the early 18th century, the term burlesque was used throughout Europe to describe musical works in which serious and comic elements were juxtaposed or combined to achieve a grotesque effect. As derived from literature and theatre, "burlesque" was used, and is still used, in music to
914:
showed off their figures while singing and dancing; some were less active but compensated by appearing in elaborate stage costumes. The strippers gradually supplanted the singing and dancing soubrettes; by 1932 there were at least 150 strip principals in the US. Star strippers included
888:
and male acts, such as acrobats, magicians and solo singers; and third, chorus numbers and sometimes a burlesque in the
English style on politics or a current play. The entertainment was usually concluded by an exotic dancer or a wrestling or boxing match.
700:
text or music from the original work. The comedy often stemmed from the incongruity and absurdity of the classical subjects, with realistic historical dress and settings, being juxtaposed with the modern activities portrayed by the actors.
806:: Macbeth and Banquo enter under an umbrella, and the witches greet them with "Hail! hail! hail!" Macbeth asks Banquo, "What mean these salutations, noble thane?" and is told, "These showers of 'Hail' anticipate your 'reign
695:
in which a well-known opera, play or ballet was adapted into a broad comic play, usually a musical play, often risqué in style, mocking the theatrical and musical conventions and styles of the original work, and quoting or
875:
American burlesque shows were originally an offshoot of
Victorian burlesque. The English genre had been successfully staged in New York from the 1840s, and it was popularised by a visiting British burlesque troupe,
271:
Burlesque was intentionally ridiculous in that it imitated several styles and combined imitations of certain authors and artists with absurd descriptions. In this, the term was often used interchangeably with
375:
In this sense of farce and exaggeration rather than parody, it appears frequently on the German-language stage between the middle of the 19th century and the 1920s. Burlesque operettas were written by
61:
is a literary, dramatic or musical work intended to cause laughter by caricaturing the manner or spirit of serious works, or by ludicrous treatment of their subjects. The word derives from the
Italian
486:
231:
in his honour. "Burlesque" as a literary term became widespread in 17th century Italy and France, and subsequently
England, where it referred to a grotesque imitation of the dignified or pathetic.
951:. By the late 1930s, burlesque shows would have up to six strippers supported by one or two comics and a master of ceremonies. Comics who appeared in burlesque early in their careers included
902:
The entertainments were given in clubs and cabarets, as well as music halls and theatres. By the early 20th century, there were two national circuits of burlesque shows competing with the
796:
Some of the most frequent subjects for burlesque were the plays of
Shakespeare and grand opera. The dialogue was generally written in rhyming couplets, liberally peppered with bad
183:. Some Hollywood films attempted to recreate the spirit of these performances from the 1930s to the 1960s, or included burlesque-style scenes within dramatic films, such as 1972's
477:
1980:
291:
refers to a burlesque imitation where a literary, elevated manner was applied to a commonplace or comically inappropriate subject matter as, for example, in the literary
1158:... developed at will into a small independent 'turn', the characters returning at its conclusion to the main theme of the plot". See Hartnoll, Phyllis and Peter Found.
2014:
777:, and some of the more ambitious shows had original music composed for them. This English style of burlesque was successfully introduced to New York in the 1840s.
100:. The word "burlesque" has been used in English in this literary and theatrical sense since the late 17th century. It has been applied retrospectively to works of
485:
284:". Burlesque depended on the reader's (or listener's) knowledge of the subject to make its intended effect, and a high degree of literacy was taken for granted.
2215:
1248:
585:
Burlesque can be used to describe particular movements of instrumental musical compositions, often involving dance rhythms. Examples are the
Burlesca, in
1087:
1802:
1960:
1703:, Vol. 16, No. 1 (Winter, 1965), pp. 49–61, Folger Shakespeare Library in association with George Washington University, accessed 2 February 2011
1535:
1154:
In theatrical use, a burla was "a comic interlude or practical joke introduced, usually extempore, into a performance by the servant masks of the
632:
2062:
DiNardo, Kelly. "Gilded Lili: Lili St. Cyr and the
Striptease Mystique"; Archive of articles, video, pictures and interviews about neo-burlesque.
227:
of the early 16th century, works that had circulated widely in manuscript before they were printed. For a time, burlesque verses were known as
2141:
2057:
1178:
2296:
602:
1339:
2206:
1753:
1977:
2172:
2155:
2127:
2107:
2037:
1477:
1454:
1409:
1047:
880:
and the "British
Blondes", beginning in 1868. New York burlesque shows soon incorporated elements and the structure of the popular
243:
1919:
37:
1276:
518:
Some orchestral and chamber works have also been designated as burlesques, of which two early examples are the
Ouverture-Suite
1539:, "the various genre terms were always applied freely", and by the 1860s their use had become "arbitrary and capricious": see
1024:
The uninhibited atmosphere of burlesque establishments owed much to the free flow of alcoholic liquor, and the enforcement of
2095:
1426:
825:
from the 1860s to the early 1890s. Until the 1870s, burlesques were often one-act pieces running less than an hour and using
314:
2306:
2163:
1468:
1445:
1366:
43:
2232:
2286:
789:
160:
327:
verse, using a colloquial idiom. Butler's addition to his comic poem of an ethical subtext made his caricatures into
2276:
237:
146:
31:
1821:
1227:
1159:
1091:
1018:
619:
2271:
850:
842:
1234:, Oxford University Press, 2008. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press, accessed 16 February 2011
1086:
incorporated political satire and performance art into their burlesque shows. Annual conventions such as the
2025:
Allan, Kirsty L. and Charms, G. 'Diamonds From the Rough – The Darker Side of
American Burlesque striptease'
1139:
814:, dressed in tights to show off their legs, but the plays themselves were seldom more than modestly risqué.
702:
594:
884:. They consisted of three parts: first, songs and ribald comic sketches by low comedians; second, assorted
2291:
2281:
2261:
1029:
910:
at the Winter Garden. The transition from burlesque on the old lines to striptease was gradual. At first,
818:
523:
2266:
1957:
1613:
1540:
1489:
1312:
885:
590:
586:
404:
1155:
907:
1640:, Vol. 26, No. 3 (Autumn, 1973), pp. 365–82, University of California Press, accessed 2 February 2011
822:
384:
305:
212:
191:
119:
114:
1808:, ed. Sara Pendergast and Tom Pendergast, Gale Virtual Reference Library, accessed 16 February 2011
1936:
1253:
1067:
1014:
964:
666:
649:
425:
251:
232:
185:
137:
105:
97:
1844:
2256:
1849:
862:
784:
443:
168:
412:
1680:, Vol. 15, No. 1 (March 2003), pp. 33–66, Cambridge University Press, accessed 2 February 2011
2190:
2182:
2168:
2151:
2137:
2123:
2103:
2085:
2053:
2033:
1749:
1473:
1450:
1405:
1083:
1035:
680:
675:
549:
376:
1899:
1284:
1183:
1010:
761:, the words of the songs were written to popular music; later burlesques mixed the music of
746:
714:
570:
265:
256:
101:
757:"with the addition of gags and 'turns'." In the early burlesques, following the example of
2301:
1964:
1757:
1316:
1075:
706:
636:
564:
531:
498:
420:
220:
207:
129:
838:
780:
195:, among others. There has been a resurgence of interest in this format since the 1990s.
1609:
1071:
972:
920:
896:
892:
877:
691:", was popular in London theatres between the 1830s and the 1890s. It took the form of
624:
576:
527:
300:
109:
1277:"Burlesque: Then and now, a timeline of performers from Lili St. Cyr to Dita VonTeese"
2250:
2220:
2065:
1984:
1554:, the three terms are used interchangeably: see Adams, W. Davenport. "Burlesque: Old
1207:
1166:, Oxford University Press, 1996. Oxford Reference Online, accessed 16 February 2011
1108:
1063:
1004:
924:
881:
834:
811:
730:
726:
598:
453:
339:
141:
1828:, Oxford University Press, 1996. Oxford Reference Online, accessed 16 February 2011
867:
833:
and other music that the audience would readily recognize. The house stars included
203:
64:
2003:
1203:
1054:
988:
976:
968:
960:
928:
758:
692:
688:
628:
448:
361:
343:
334:
In more recent times, burlesque true to its literary origins is still performed in
264:
published in 1615. The term burlesque has been applied retrospectively to works of
254:
ridiculed medieval romance in his many satirical works. Among Cervantes' works are
172:
93:
2022:
Allan, Kirsty L. 'A Guide to Classical Burlesque – Funny Ha Ha or Funny Peculiar?'
2241:
1391:
was so popular that it became the subject of parody itself. See Sanders, p. 255.
484:
108:
and to the Graeco-Roman classics. Contrasting examples of literary burlesque are
89:
1025:
1000:
952:
948:
944:
940:
932:
846:
734:
718:
671:
447:
a "burlesque in four scenes". A later example is the 1927 burlesque operetta by
296:
281:
17:
372:
indicate a bright or high-spirited mood, sometimes in contrast to seriousness.
1729:
1191:
1113:
1041:
996:
992:
916:
903:
770:
722:
558:
510:
348:
180:
155:
151:
81:
72:
1775:
1591:
984:
980:
936:
911:
754:
753:
Victorian burlesque related to and in part derived from traditional English
654:
543:
411:, 1911). French references to burlesque are less common than German, though
2226:
2113:
1978:"This ain't your granddad's burlesque – but he sure wouldn't mind watching"
1674:"Verdian Opera Burlesqued: A Glimpse into Mid-Victorian Theatrical Culture"
1508:
1062:
In recent decades, there has been a revival of burlesque, sometimes called
2229:
at Musicals101.com, The Cyber Encyclopedia of Musical Theatre, TV and Film
2194:
1187:, Vol. 62, No. 31, September 12, 1914, p. 18 (accessed February 28, 2017,
817:
Burlesque became the speciality of certain London theatres, including the
613:
The use of burlesque has not been confined to classical music. Well-known
1079:
956:
826:
766:
697:
535:
493:
324:
319:
313:
applied an irreverent, mocking style to a serious subject; an example is
273:
133:
124:
2210:
1884:
352:
is an example of a full-length play drawing on the burlesque tradition.
2186:
1696:
1673:
1103:
802:
614:
176:
1653:
1633:
1131:
740:
644:
328:
292:
277:
179:
and clubs, as well as theatres, and featured bawdy comedy and female
85:
2207:
Ruckus! American Entertainments at the Turn of the Twentieth Century
2010:. Seventh edition. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace College Publishers
2077:
The Petite Commande of 1664: Burlesque in the gardens of Versailles
323:, which described the misadventures of a Puritan knight in satiric
1058:
The "Stage Door Johnnies", Burlesque Hall of Fame, Las Vegas, 2011
1053:
1009:
891:
866:
779:
774:
762:
739:
670:
501:. Performed by Neal O'Doan with the Seattle Philharmonic Orchestra
335:
202:
2233:"A Guide to Classical Burlesque – Funny Ha Ha or Funny Peculiar?"
1906:, Schirmer Reference, New York, 1997, accessed 16 February 2010
175:
format. These were popular from the 1860s to the 1940s, often in
1920:"Burlesque ventures out of the West End and into... Camden Town"
830:
810:". A staple of burlesque was the display of attractive women in
299:. One of the most commonly cited examples of high burlesque is
1654:"Public Music Performances in New York City from 1800 to 1850"
1249:"Burlesque Is Back and Here Is What You Need to Know About It"
943:, who was celebrated enough to be mentioned in song lyrics by
797:
241:
and the general mocking of romance in Beaumont and Fletcher's
2211:
Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University
1309:
906:
circuit, as well as resident companies in New York, such as
575:
1956: Burlesque for Piano and Chamber Orchestra, Op. 13g by
466:
287:
17th and 18th century burlesque was divided into two types:
1033:
films that sought to capture American burlesque, including
1736:, Oxford University Press, 2004, accessed 3 February 2011
548:
1904: Scherzo Burlesque, Op. 2 for piano and orchestra by
1070:
opened in 2012. Notable Neo-burlesque performers include
1509:"Dmitri Shostakovich Violin Concertos 1 & 2 Review"
687:
Victorian burlesque, sometimes known as "travesty" or "
542:
1901: Six Burlesques, Op. 58 for piano four hands by
1782:, Online Library Edition, accessed 16 February 2011
1750:"Desperately Seeking Lydia" and "Appreciating Lydia"
1660:, Vol. 6 (1970), pp. 5–50, accessed 2 February 2011
2160:Wilson, Frederic Woodbridge (1992), 'Burlesque' in
2032:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
2030:
Horrible Prettiness: Burlesque and American Culture
581:
1982: Burlesque for Wind Quintet, Op. 76b by Hummel
1889:Internet Movie Database, accessed 17 February 2011
554:1911: Three Burlesques, Op. 8c for piano by BartĂłk
268:and Shakespeare and to the Graeco-Roman classics.
2090:Good Old Gaiety: An Historiette & Remembrance
1495:. Oxford Music Online, accessed 24 February 2011
1937:"Burlesque Is the Word at Atlantic City's Revel"
1620:. Oxford Music Online, accessed 3 February 2011
1546:. Oxford Music Online, accessed 3 February 2011
1214:. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 68 and 96
1658:Anuario Interamericano de Investigacion Musical
563:1931: Ronde burlesque, Op. 78 for orchestra by
280:", and the 17th and 18th century genre of the "
2120:The Short Oxford History of English Literature
69:, which, in turn, is derived from the Italian
1771:
1769:
1761:The Friends of Kensal Green Cemetery Magazine
1638:Journal of the American Musicological Society
1488:Charlton, David and M. Elizabeth C. Bartlet,
423:called his 1916 one-act chamber opera-ballet
8:
1991:, 31 January 2008, accessed 24 February 2011
1826:The Concise Oxford Companion to the Theatre
1164:The Concise Oxford Companion to the Theatre
250:In 17th century Spain, playwright and poet
27:Literary, dramatic or musical work or genre
2132:Stanton, Sarah and Banham, Martin (1996).
1585:
1583:
1581:
1442:Lamb, Andrew (1992), "Strauss, Johann" in
1422:
1420:
1418:
1364:Speaight, George. "All froth and bubble",
1308:ed. L. Macy (Accessed December 04, 2008),
1179:"Burlesque News – The Growth of Burlesque"
1088:Vancouver International Burlesque Festival
871:Advertisement for a burlesque troupe, 1898
2136:, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1853:, 18 May 2008, accessed 19 September 2009
1806:St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture
1465:Lamb, Andrew (1992), "Ziehrer, C. M." in
1326:
1324:
1222:
1220:
601:, and the "Burlesque" fourth movement of
593:, the "Rondo-Burleske" third movement of
530:(1760). Another often-performed piece is
1967:, 21 May 2005, accessed 24 February 2011
1797:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1691:
1689:
1605:
1603:
1601:
1304:Fredric Woodbridge Wilson: "Burlesque",
800:. A typical example from a burlesque of
569:1932: Fantaisie burlesque, for piano by
538:. Other examples include the following:
36:
1734:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1536:Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians
1400:Stanton, p. 50; and Hunter, Jim (1982)
1232:The Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms
1124:
1028:was a serious blow. In New York, Mayor
717:. Other authors of burlesques included
647:, 'Chi mi frena in tal momento?', from
397:Cleopatra, oder Durch drei Jahrtausende
262:Eight Comedies and Eight New Interludes
247:were early examples of such imitation.
1839:
1837:
1589:"Theatrical Humour in the Seventies",
1550:. In an 1896 article on Burlesque in
1511:, BBC Music, accessed 24 February 2011
1490:"Grétry, André-Ernest-Modeste: Works,"
1247:Sankar-Gorton, Eliza (30 April 2015).
508:
2146:Warrack, John and West, Ewan (1992),
2072:Princeton: Princeton University Press
1730:"Edwardes, George Joseph (1855–1915)"
1522:Rachmaninoff: Life, Works, Recordings
829:and parodies of popular songs, opera
435:"Histoire burlesque chantée et jouée"
219:The word first appears in a title in
128:. An example of musical burlesque is
7:
2134:Cambridge Paperback Guide to Theatre
1634:"Popular Music and the Ballad Opera"
1575:(London: Henry and Co., 1891), p. 44
603:Shostakovich's Violin Concerto No. 1
587:Partita No. 3 for keyboard (BWV 827)
92:, and, in its theatrical form, with
2150:, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
2122:. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
2102:, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
1820:Hartnoll, Phyllis and Peter Found.
1275:Petkovic, John (28 November 2010).
2216:Classic Burlesque: We Aim to Tease
2114:A History of The Musical Burlesque
2070:Anatomy of Criticism: Four Essays.
2044:Burlesque and the New Bump-n-Grind
1715:"Mr. D'Auban's 'Startrap' Jumps".
415:composed for a "drame burlesque" (
25:
1748:Hoffos, Signe and Moulder, Bob.
169:particularly in the United States
2237:The Curious Adventures of Kittie
2013:Adams, William Davenport (1904)
1412:, pp. 23–33, 141–146 and 237–242
536:Burleske for piano and orchestra
509:Problems playing this file? See
482:
244:The Knight of the Burning Pestle
199:Literary origins and development
134:Burleske for piano and orchestra
1763:, Vol. 43, Autumn 2006, pp. 1–7
235:'s Pyramus and Thisbe scene in
77:– a joke, ridicule or mockery.
2148:The Oxford Dictionary of Opera
2100:The Oxford Dictionary of Music
1431:The Oxford Dictionary of Music
1048:The Night They Raided Minsky's
661:Victorian theatrical burlesque
557:1920: Burlesque for Piano, by
439:burlesque tale sung and played
303:'s "sly, knowing and courtly"
171:, refers to performances in a
1:
2167:, ed. Stanley Sadie (London)
2164:New Grove Dictionary of Opera
1472:, ed. Stanley Sadie (London)
1469:New Grove Dictionary of Opera
1449:, ed. Stanley Sadie (London)
1446:New Grove Dictionary of Opera
1367:The Times Literary Supplement
526:and the Sinfonia Burlesca by
48:
2181:. Hawthorn Books, Inc 1967,
2028:Allen, Robert Clyde (1991).
2008:A Glossary of Literary Terms
1672:Marvin, Roberta Montemorra.
1142:, accessed 16 February 2011
381:Die lustigen Weiber von Wien
2297:Nudity in theatre and dance
2209:From the collection of the
2179:The American Burlesque Show
2050:Burlesque: A Living History
2019:London: Chatto & Windus
1904:Baker's Dictionary of Music
1404:. London: Faber and Faber,
790:Ruy Blas and the Blasé Roué
705:produced burlesques at the
161:Ruy Blas and the Blasé Roué
2323:
1697:"Shakespearian Burlesques"
1562:, 1 March 1896, pp. 144–45
860:
664:
359:
96:, as presented during the
32:Burlesque (disambiguation)
29:
2052:. BearManor Media, 2009.
2016:A dictionary of the drama
1370:, 1 October 1976, p. 1233
1136:Oxford English Dictionary
1092:Miss Exotic World Pageant
167:A later use of the term,
2242:The History of Burlesque
2118:Sanders, Andrew (1994).
2092:London: Gaity Theatre Co
2075:Hedin, Thomas F. (2001)
1595:, 20 February 1914, p. 9
851:Edwardian musical comedy
633:Prelude in C-sharp minor
80:Burlesque overlaps with
2048:Briggeman, Jane (2009)
1943:, accessed 18 June 2012
1908:(subscription required)
1871:"New Films In London",
1845:"The Almost Naked City"
1830:(subscription required)
1810:(subscription required)
1784:(subscription required)
1780:Encyclopædia Britannica
1738:(subscription required)
1705:(subscription required)
1682:(subscription required)
1678:Cambridge Opera Journal
1662:(subscription required)
1642:(subscription required)
1622:(subscription required)
1548:(subscription required)
1497:(subscription required)
1346:, accessed 18 June 2012
1236:(subscription required)
1168:(subscription required)
1144:(subscription required)
1140:Oxford University Press
709:beginning in 1831 with
238:Midsummer Night's Dream
1875:, 2 August 1943, p. 8
1719:, 17 April 1922, p. 17
1520:Harrison, Max (2006):
1059:
1030:Fiorello H. La Guardia
1021:
899:
872:
793:
750:
693:musical theatre parody
684:
471:
441:) and his 1911 ballet
216:
71:
63:
54:
1989:Winston-Salem Journal
1898:Slonimsky, Nicholas,
1822:"Burlesque, American"
1701:Shakespeare Quarterly
1571:Adams, W. Davenport.
1310:(subscription access)
1057:
1013:
895:
870:
783:
743:
674:
520:Burlesque de Quixotte
470:
405:Bruno Granichstaedten
206:
138:theatrical burlesques
40:
2307:Burlesque performers
2227:History of Burlesque
1632:Moss, Harold Gene.
1402:Tom Stoppard's Plays
1212:Modern English Usage
823:Royal Strand Theatre
627:, which is based on
409:Casimirs Himmelfahrt
306:The Rape of the Lock
213:The Rape of the Lock
115:The Rape of the Lock
30:For other uses, see
2042:Baldwin, Michelle.
1935:Oliverie, Kristin.
1573:A Book of Burlesque
1379:Sanders, pp. 290–91
1254:The Huffington Post
1068:Revel Atlantic City
965:Abbott and Costello
667:Victorian burlesque
650:Lucia di Lammermoor
617:travesties include
393:Das Orakel zu Delfi
252:Miguel de Cervantes
2287:History of theatre
2086:Hollingshead, John
1963:2008-07-20 at the
1926:, 18 February 2012
1850:The New York Times
1756:2011-05-13 at the
1652:Rogers, Delmer D.
1618:Grove Music Online
1544:Grove Music Online
1507:McGregor, Andrew,
1493:Grove Music Online
1315:2008-05-16 at the
1306:Grove Music Online
1156:commedia dell'arte
1060:
1022:
900:
873:
863:American burlesque
857:American burlesque
794:
751:
685:
472:
389:Mahomed's Paradies
217:
55:
2277:Theatrical genres
2177:Zeidman, Irving:
2142:978-0-521-44654-9
2058:978-1-59393-469-9
1976:Clodfelter, Tim.
1958:New York Magazine
1533:According to the
1281:www.cleveland.com
1208:Sir Ernest Gowers
1084:Cabaret Red Light
1036:Lady of Burlesque
1019:Miss Exotic World
744:Sheet music from
681:Carmen up to Data
676:Florence St. John
487:
401:In fĂĽnfzig Jahren
377:Johann Strauss II
158:shows, including
16:(Redirected from
2314:
2096:Kennedy, Michael
2081:The Art Bulletin
1992:
1974:
1968:
1950:
1944:
1933:
1927:
1918:Newman, Martin.
1916:
1910:
1909:
1900:"Burlesque show"
1896:
1890:
1882:
1876:
1869:
1863:
1860:
1854:
1843:Caldwell, Mark.
1841:
1832:
1831:
1818:
1812:
1811:
1799:
1786:
1785:
1776:"Burlesque show"
1773:
1764:
1746:
1740:
1739:
1726:
1720:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1695:Wells, Stanley.
1693:
1684:
1683:
1670:
1664:
1663:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1607:
1596:
1587:
1576:
1569:
1563:
1549:
1531:
1525:
1518:
1512:
1505:
1499:
1498:
1486:
1480:
1463:
1457:
1440:
1434:
1427:Kennedy, Michael
1424:
1413:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1380:
1377:
1371:
1362:
1356:
1353:
1347:
1337:
1331:
1328:
1319:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1291:
1285:The Plain Dealer
1272:
1266:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1226:Baldick, Chris.
1224:
1215:
1201:
1195:
1184:New York Clipper
1176:
1170:
1169:
1152:
1146:
1145:
1129:
1015:Michelle L'amour
809:
747:Faust up to Date
571:Olivier Messiaen
489:
488:
469:
257:Exemplary Novels
147:Robert the Devil
53:
50:
21:
18:Burlesque dancer
2322:
2321:
2317:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2311:
2272:Musical theatre
2247:
2246:
2218:– slideshow by
2203:
2112:Kenrick, John.
2000:
1995:
1975:
1971:
1965:Wayback Machine
1951:
1947:
1934:
1930:
1917:
1913:
1907:
1897:
1893:
1883:
1879:
1870:
1866:
1861:
1857:
1842:
1835:
1829:
1819:
1815:
1809:
1800:
1789:
1783:
1774:
1767:
1758:Wayback Machine
1747:
1743:
1737:
1727:
1723:
1714:
1710:
1704:
1694:
1687:
1681:
1671:
1667:
1661:
1651:
1647:
1641:
1631:
1627:
1621:
1610:Schwandt, Erich
1608:
1599:
1588:
1579:
1570:
1566:
1547:
1532:
1528:
1519:
1515:
1506:
1502:
1496:
1487:
1483:
1464:
1460:
1441:
1437:
1425:
1416:
1399:
1395:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1363:
1359:
1355:Sanders, p. 291
1354:
1350:
1338:
1334:
1329:
1322:
1317:Wayback Machine
1303:
1299:
1289:
1287:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1259:
1257:
1246:
1245:
1241:
1235:
1225:
1218:
1202:
1198:
1177:
1173:
1167:
1153:
1149:
1143:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1100:
1076:Julie Atlas Muz
865:
859:
807:
707:Olympic Theatre
669:
663:
641:Lucy's Sextette
611:
565:Florent Schmitt
532:Richard Strauss
516:
515:
507:
505:
504:
503:
502:
499:Richard Strauss
490:
483:
480:
473:
467:
369:
367:Classical music
364:
358:
229:poesie bernesca
225:Opere burlesche
221:Francesco Berni
208:Arabella Fermor
201:
130:Richard Strauss
51:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2320:
2318:
2310:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2249:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2239:
2230:
2224:
2213:
2202:
2201:External links
2199:
2198:
2197:
2175:
2158:
2144:
2130:
2116:
2110:
2093:
2083:
2073:
2066:Frye, Northrop
2063:
2060:
2046:
2040:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2011:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1983:2009-10-07 at
1969:
1945:
1941:The Daily Meal
1928:
1911:
1891:
1877:
1864:
1855:
1833:
1813:
1787:
1765:
1741:
1721:
1708:
1685:
1665:
1645:
1625:
1597:
1577:
1564:
1526:
1513:
1500:
1481:
1458:
1435:
1414:
1393:
1381:
1372:
1357:
1348:
1332:
1330:Stanton, p. 50
1320:
1297:
1267:
1239:
1216:
1196:
1171:
1147:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1099:
1096:
1072:Dita Von Teese
973:Jackie Gleason
921:Gypsy Rose Lee
897:Gypsy Rose Lee
882:minstrel shows
878:Lydia Thompson
861:Main article:
858:
855:
812:travesty roles
711:Olympic Revels
703:Madame Vestris
665:Main article:
662:
659:
625:George L. Cobb
610:
607:
595:Symphony No. 9
583:
582:
579:
577:Bertold Hummel
573:
567:
561:
555:
552:
546:
528:Leopold Mozart
506:
497:(1885–86), by
491:
481:
476:
475:
474:
465:
464:
463:
368:
365:
357:
354:
301:Alexander Pope
289:High burlesque
200:
197:
136:. Examples of
110:Alexander Pope
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2319:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2292:Entertainment
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2282:Variety shows
2280:
2278:
2275:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2262:Comedy genres
2260:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2221:Life magazine
2217:
2214:
2212:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2174:
2173:0-333-73432-7
2170:
2166:
2165:
2159:
2157:
2156:0-19-869164-5
2153:
2149:
2145:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2129:
2128:0-19-811201-7
2125:
2121:
2117:
2115:
2111:
2109:
2108:0-19-861459-4
2105:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2078:
2074:
2071:
2067:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2045:
2041:
2039:
2038:0-8078-1960-3
2035:
2031:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2009:
2005:
2004:Abrams, M. H.
2002:
2001:
1997:
1990:
1986:
1985:archive.today
1982:
1979:
1973:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1959:
1955:
1954:Teasy Does It
1949:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1932:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1915:
1912:
1905:
1901:
1895:
1892:
1888:
1887:
1881:
1878:
1874:
1868:
1865:
1859:
1856:
1852:
1851:
1846:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1827:
1823:
1817:
1814:
1807:
1804:
1801:Humez, Nick.
1798:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1781:
1777:
1772:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1745:
1742:
1735:
1731:
1728:Gänzl, Kurt.
1725:
1722:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1702:
1698:
1692:
1690:
1686:
1679:
1675:
1669:
1666:
1659:
1655:
1649:
1646:
1639:
1635:
1629:
1626:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1606:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1593:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1568:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1530:
1527:
1523:
1517:
1514:
1510:
1504:
1501:
1494:
1491:
1485:
1482:
1479:
1478:0-333-73432-7
1475:
1471:
1470:
1462:
1459:
1456:
1455:0-333-73432-7
1452:
1448:
1447:
1439:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1423:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1410:0-571-11903-4
1407:
1403:
1397:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1382:
1376:
1373:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1358:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1336:
1333:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1318:
1314:
1311:
1307:
1301:
1298:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1271:
1268:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1243:
1240:
1233:
1229:
1223:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1204:Fowler, H. W.
1200:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1186:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1172:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1151:
1148:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1128:
1125:
1119:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1109:Nightclub act
1107:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1064:Neo-Burlesque
1056:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1037:
1031:
1027:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1006:
1005:Sophie Tucker
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
925:Tempest Storm
922:
918:
913:
909:
905:
898:
894:
890:
887:
883:
879:
869:
864:
856:
854:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
835:Nellie Farren
832:
828:
824:
820:
815:
813:
805:
804:
799:
792:
791:
786:
782:
778:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
749:
748:
742:
738:
736:
732:
731:W. S. Gilbert
728:
727:F. C. Burnand
724:
720:
716:
715:J. R. Planché
712:
708:
704:
699:
694:
690:
683:
682:
677:
673:
668:
660:
658:
656:
652:
651:
646:
643:based on the
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
621:
616:
608:
606:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
580:
578:
574:
572:
568:
566:
562:
560:
556:
553:
551:
547:
545:
541:
540:
539:
537:
533:
529:
525:
522:, TWV 55, by
521:
514:
512:
500:
496:
495:
479:
462:
460:
456:
455:
454:Schwergewicht
450:
446:
445:
440:
436:
432:
428:
427:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
373:
366:
363:
355:
353:
351:
350:
346:'s 1974 play
345:
341:
337:
332:
330:
326:
322:
321:
316:
315:Samuel Butler
312:
311:Low burlesque
308:
307:
302:
298:
294:
290:
285:
283:
279:
275:
269:
267:
263:
259:
258:
253:
248:
246:
245:
240:
239:
234:
230:
226:
222:
215:
214:
209:
205:
198:
196:
194:
193:
192:All That Jazz
188:
187:
182:
178:
174:
170:
165:
163:
162:
157:
153:
149:
148:
143:
142:W. S. Gilbert
139:
135:
131:
127:
126:
121:
120:Samuel Butler
117:
116:
111:
107:
103:
99:
98:Victorian era
95:
91:
87:
83:
78:
76:
75:
74:
68:
67:
66:
60:
46:
45:
41:Burlesque on
39:
33:
19:
2267:Erotic dance
2236:
2219:
2178:
2161:
2147:
2133:
2119:
2099:
2089:
2080:
2076:
2069:
2049:
2043:
2029:
2015:
2007:
1988:
1972:
1953:
1948:
1940:
1931:
1923:
1914:
1903:
1894:
1885:
1880:
1872:
1867:
1862:Allen, p. xi
1858:
1848:
1825:
1816:
1805:
1803:"Burlesque".
1779:
1760:
1744:
1733:
1724:
1716:
1711:
1700:
1677:
1668:
1657:
1648:
1637:
1628:
1617:
1590:
1572:
1567:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1543:
1541:"Burlesque,"
1534:
1529:
1521:
1516:
1503:
1492:
1484:
1466:
1461:
1443:
1438:
1430:
1401:
1396:
1388:
1384:
1375:
1365:
1360:
1351:
1343:
1335:
1305:
1300:
1288:. Retrieved
1280:
1270:
1258:. Retrieved
1252:
1242:
1231:
1211:
1199:
1188:
1182:
1174:
1163:
1150:
1135:
1127:
1082:groups like
1061:
1046:
1045:(1953), and
1040:
1034:
1023:
989:Phil Silvers
977:Danny Thomas
969:W. C. Fields
961:Eddie Cantor
929:Lili St. Cyr
901:
874:
843:Edward Terry
839:John D'Auban
816:
801:
795:
788:
759:ballad opera
752:
745:
710:
689:extravaganza
686:
679:
648:
640:
637:Harry Alford
629:Rachmaninoff
618:
612:
584:
519:
517:
492:
458:
452:
449:Ernst Krenek
442:
438:
434:
430:
424:
416:
408:
403:, 1911) and
400:
396:
392:
388:
380:
374:
370:
362:Parody music
347:
344:Tom Stoppard
333:
318:
310:
304:
288:
286:
270:
261:
255:
249:
242:
236:
228:
224:
218:
211:
210:, target of
190:
184:
173:variety show
166:
159:
145:
123:
113:
94:extravaganza
79:
70:
62:
58:
56:
42:
2235:Allan, K.,
1952:Sohn, Amy.
1614:"Burlesque"
1560:The Theatre
1552:The Theatre
1344:MSN Encarta
1228:"Burlesque"
1132:"Burlesque"
1026:Prohibition
1001:Red Skelton
953:Fanny Brice
949:Cole Porter
945:Lorenz Hart
941:Margie Hart
933:Blaze Starr
847:Fred Leslie
735:Fred Leslie
719:H. J. Byron
620:Russian Rag
550:BĂ©la BartĂłk
459:Heavyweight
297:mock-heroic
282:mock-heroic
233:Shakespeare
189:and 1979's
106:Shakespeare
52: 1900
2251:Categories
1998:References
1924:The Mirror
1886:Striporama
1192:MyHeritage
1114:Striptease
1094:are held.
1042:Striporama
997:Danny Kaye
993:Sid Caesar
917:Sally Rand
912:soubrettes
904:vaudeville
771:music hall
723:G. R. Sims
698:pastiching
559:Arnold Bax
511:media help
461:) (1927).
421:Stravinsky
360:See also:
349:Travesties
181:striptease
156:Meyer Lutz
152:A. C. Torr
82:caricature
2257:Burlesque
2195:493184629
2088:. (1903)
2068:. (1957)
1873:The Times
1717:The Times
1592:The Times
1340:Burlesque
985:Bert Lahr
981:Al Jolson
937:Ann Corio
827:pastiches
785:Programme
755:pantomime
655:Donizetti
544:Max Reger
451:entitled
444:Petrushka
419:, 1777).
383:, 1868),
59:burlesque
2098:(2006),
1981:Archived
1961:Archived
1754:Archived
1433:, p. 134
1429:(2006),
1389:Hudibras
1313:Archived
1210:(1965).
1098:See also
1090:and the
1080:Agitprop
1051:(1968).
1039:(1943),
957:Mae West
908:Minsky's
767:operetta
534:'s 1890
524:Telemann
494:Burleske
478:Burleske
399:, 1875;
395:, 1872;
391:, 1866;
356:In music
340:sketches
325:doggerel
320:Hudibras
317:'s poem
295:and the
274:pastiche
260:and the
177:cabarets
150:and the
140:include
132:'s 1890
125:Hudibras
90:travesty
65:burlesco
2006:(1999)
1612:et al.
1206:, rev.
1160:"Burla"
1104:Cabaret
1017:, 2005
803:Macbeth
615:ragtime
431:The Fox
417:Matroco
385:Ziehrer
266:Chaucer
186:Cabaret
102:Chaucer
44:Ben-Hur
2302:Satire
2193:
2187:192808
2185:
2171:
2154:
2140:
2126:
2106:
2056:
2036:
1558:New",
1476:
1453:
1408:
1074:, and
819:Gaiety
645:sextet
635:, and
599:Mahler
426:Renard
413:Grétry
336:revues
329:satire
293:parody
278:parody
86:parody
1524:p 229
1290:7 May
1260:7 May
1120:Notes
886:olios
831:arias
775:revue
763:opera
623:, by
73:burla
2191:OCLC
2183:OCLC
2169:ISBN
2162:The
2152:ISBN
2138:ISBN
2124:ISBN
2104:ISBN
2054:ISBN
2034:ISBN
1474:ISBN
1467:The
1451:ISBN
1444:The
1406:ISBN
1292:2015
1262:2015
1078:and
1003:and
947:and
939:and
845:and
821:and
798:puns
773:and
733:and
609:Jazz
591:Bach
433:) a
338:and
276:", "
118:and
104:and
88:and
1987:.
1824:,
1189:via
713:by
678:in
653:by
639:'s
631:'s
597:by
589:by
223:'s
144:'s
122:'s
112:'s
2253::
2189:,
2079:,
1956:,
1939:,
1922:,
1902:,
1847:,
1836:^
1790:^
1778:,
1768:^
1752:,
1732:,
1699:,
1688:^
1676:,
1656:,
1636:,
1616:,
1600:^
1580:^
1556:v.
1417:^
1342:,
1323:^
1283:.
1279:.
1251:.
1230:,
1219:^
1181:,
1162:,
1138:,
1134:,
1007:.
999:,
995:,
991:,
987:,
983:,
979:,
975:,
971:,
967:,
963:,
959:,
955:,
935:,
931:,
927:,
923:,
919:,
853:.
841:,
837:,
787::
769:,
765:,
737:.
729:,
725:,
721:,
657:.
605:.
342:.
331:.
309:.
164:.
154:–
84:,
57:A
49:c.
47:,
1294:.
1264:.
1194:)
808:'
513:.
457:(
437:(
429:(
407:(
387:(
379:(
272:"
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
