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694:(also pressure buttons or press studs) are metal (usually brass) round discs pinched through the fabric. They are often found on clothing, in particular on denim pieces such as pants and jackets. They are more securely fastened to the material. As they rely on a metal rivet attached securely to the fabric, pressure buttons are difficult to remove without compromising the fabric's integrity. They are made of two couples: the male stud couple and the female stud couple. Each couple has one front (or top) and rear (or bottom) side (the fabric goes in the middle).
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buttons have a hollow protrusion on the back through which thread is sewn to attach the button. Button shanks may be made from a separate piece of the same or a different substance as the button itself, and added to the back of the button, or be carved or moulded directly onto the back of the button,
991:
Classic clothing has the button on the left side for women and on the right side for men. The reasons for this are unclear, but the choice for men's clothing is usually attributed to the need to draw weapons from the left to right; the weapon would then not catch on opening of the clothing. For
681:
buttons (also push-through buttons or just studs) are composed from an actual button, connected to a second, button-like element by a narrow metal or plastic bar. Pushed through two opposing holes within what is meant to be kept together, the actual button and its counterpart press it together,
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women's clothing the common reason given is that in times when upper-class women's clothing was quite elaborate, servants were needed for dressing, and the left placement of the buttons was more convenient for right-handed maids. Some Jews
702:
Illustration from 1908 Chambers's
Twentieth Century. Toggle, n. (naut.) a short bar of wood, tapering from the middle towards each end, placed in an eye at the end of a rope, to keep the end from passing through a loop or
1035:, and still exist in collections today. Initially, these buttons were predominantly made of brass (though horn and rubber buttons with stamped or moulded designs also exist) and had loop shanks. Around 1860 the badge or
1996:
1665:
190:
and were pierced so that they could be attached to clothing with thread. Ian McNeil (1990) holds that "the button was originally used more as an ornament than as a fastening, the earliest known being found at
1121:
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closed through the insertion of a metallic buckle, or button into a leather slit. A similar mechanism would later feature in early medieval footwear. Buttons appeared as a means to close cuffs in the
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The size of the button depends on its use. Shirt buttons are generally small, and spaced close together, whereas coat buttons are larger and spaced further apart. Buttons are commonly measured in
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264:
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1129:
717:, as the name implies, are buttons that attach to each other by being magnetic. The buttons can be attached either by sewing or snapping them into the fabric.
227:
Since at least the seventeenth century, when box-like metal buttons were constructed especially for the purpose, buttons have been one of the items in which
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273:
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996:, following statements in the Torah that favor dressing first on the right side, or from the Kabbalah, in which the right side denotes goodness.
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4422:
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2318:
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2256:
1713:
1258:
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1967:
820:), with 40 lines equal to 1 inch. For example, some standard sizes of buttons are 16 lignes (10.16 mm, standard buttons of men's
1024:, in large sizes for coats and smaller sizes for breeches. Made in twenty-two patterns and hand-stamped, they are now extremely valuable
454:. Vegetable ivory was said to be the most popular for suits and shirts, and papier-mùché far and away the commonest sort of shoe button.
1782:
913:
1478:
871:, hosts an online museum with an image gallery and historical button-related articles, including an 1852 article on button-making by
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rather than by hand and may be used with heavy fabrics by working a thread shank to extend the height of the button above the fabric.
2389:
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The United States Bureau of
Foreign and Domestic Commerce, Paper and Stationery Trade of the World, Government Printing Office, 1918
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and others. The following are just a few of the construction and decoration techniques that have been used in button-making:
2086:
Just like women, most
Hasidic men button their jackets, shirts, and rekels (long frock coat) with the right side over the left
619:
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left behind ornate wig covers, fabricated through sewing buttons formed of precious metals onto strips of backing material.
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style of construction, which replaced the shanks with long pins, probably for use on lapels and ties, began to appear.
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are stick-like, with a cord attached at the center. They are passed endways through a hole and then rotated sideways.
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In 1918, the US government made an extensive survey of the international button market, which listed buttons made of
234:
have attempted to hide and transport illegal substances. At least one modern smuggler has tried to use this method.
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857:
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One common practice that survived until recent times on campaign buttons and badges was to include the image of
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3691:
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hold culturally, historically, politically, and/or artistically significant buttons in their collections. The
186:
were used by the Indus Valley
Civilization for ornamental purposes by 2000 BC. Some buttons were carved into
3964:
3385:
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31:
139:
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2001:
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562:
128:
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The mainly
American tradition of politically significant clothing buttons appears to have begun with the
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3118:
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1941:
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buttons have holes through which thread is sewn to attach the button. Flat buttons may be attached by
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are the most common materials used in button-making; the others tending to be used only in premium or
4442:
4011:
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3617:
3133:
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2361:. Discovering series; no. 213. Rosemary Godsell (illus.). Aylesbury, UK: Shire Publications. p.
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Leatherwork from the Roman Empire incorporates some of the first buttonholes, with the legionary's
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1043:
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887:, which also hosts an extensive button archive, and in Gurnee, Illinois, at The Button Room.
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279:
210:
1482:
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buttons commemorating
Lincoln's inaugurations and other life events, including his birth and
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2739:
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1778:
1701:
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757:
737:
587:
500:
431:
321:
286:, and combinations of both, the history of the material composition of buttons reflects the
172:
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3099:
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2769:
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2508:
2503:
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1801:
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1122:"A Day in the Neolithic: A Walk Through 5,000-year-old Scotland at the Tomb of the Eagles"
1074:
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are fabric-covered forms with a separate back piece that secures the fabric over the knob.
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383:
347:
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216:
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and bags. Buttons may be sewn onto garments and similar items exclusively for purposes of
54:
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1693:
1153:'It Rained a Lot and Nothing Much Happened': Settlement and Society in Bronze Age Orkney
4417:
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399:
242:
84:
2419:
Scans of original 1830â1940 US patents for buttons & related tools & machinery
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in which latter case the button is referred to by collectors as having a 'self-shank'.
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2308:
1735:"Your Search Results | Search the Collections | Victoria and Albert Museum"
849:
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are knobs made of intricately knotted strings. Mandarin buttons are a key element in
623:
Three plastic sew-through buttons (left) and one shank, fabric-covered button (right)
592:
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379:
310:
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246:
148:
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219:
Empire and to fasten the necks of
Egyptian tunics by no later than the 5th century.
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2100:"In ultra-Orthodox fashion, you can tell a lot about a person by his button holdes"
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49:
797:, handmade from the 17th century to 1750, and Death head buttons are of this type.
537:
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Because buttons have been manufactured from almost every possible material, both
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761:
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508:
443:
427:
423:
415:
339:, known to button collectors as "studio buttons" (or simply "studios", from
332:
329:
231:
159:
phase (c. 2800â2600 BC). Buttons as apparel have been found at sites of the
2413:
1250:
1012:
in 1789. Known to collectors as "Washington
Inaugurals", they were made of
639:
268:
Button stamping machine at the Henri
Jamorski Button Factory in Paris, 1919
3216:
1877:"Mattatuck Museum | Art Exhibitions & Educational Programs in CT"
237:
Also making use of the storage possibilities of metal buttons, during the
4380:
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4358:
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4108:
4103:
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4045:
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3822:
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2622:
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2538:
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935:
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keeping it joined. Popular examples of such buttons are shirt studs and
4412:
4267:
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4166:
4146:
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2647:
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946:
845:
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760:), where they are closed with loops. Pairs of mandarin buttons worn as
669:
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462:
407:
371:
317:), or a combination of both. Alternatively, they can be the product of
314:
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100:
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17:
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2523:
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391:
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249:
108:
69:
2382:
Antique & collectible buttons : identification & values
1031:
Between about 1840 and 1916, clothing buttons were used in
American
1894:
3949:
3894:
3792:
3491:
3481:
3445:
3365:
3340:
3173:
2533:
2226:
1353:. Australia: Customs and Border Protection Communication and Media
1017:
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835:
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477:
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48:
36:
1663:, Robert, Ellis, "Magnetic button", issued 1946-04-09
4370:
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4181:
3787:
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3455:
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3320:
3158:
2886:
2399:
2347:
2144:"J. Harold Cobb's George Washington Inaugural Button Collection"
1945:
786:
488:
Historically, fashions in buttons have also reflected trends in
458:
439:
403:
395:
375:
363:
228:
3687:
3254:
2432:
2423:
1997:"Here's Why Men's and Women's Clothes Button on Opposite Sides"
1324:"For a collector hooked on history, every button tells a story"
3350:
2927:
1876:
1840:
1065:, were also made, and are also considered highly collectible.
435:
199:. It is made of a curved shell and is about 5000 years old."
2424:
Online collection of historical buttons at the Button Museum
2384:. Charley Lynch. Paducah, KY: Collector Books. p. 168.
72:
together by slipping through a loop or by sliding through a
1752:
American Indian Buttons made with ivory, whalebone and ink
2428:
1983:
On the left for the ladies and on the right for the gents
840:
Peter Carl Fabergé buttons in the Cleveland Museum of Art
2128:
What's the Difference Between Hasidic vs. Orthodox Jews?
879:
are on public display at the Waterbury Button Museum of
2069:"Why Do Hasidic Men Button Their Shirts The Wrong Way?"
1393:. Georgia, USA: Peach State Button Club. Archived from
1170:
Tomb of the Eagles: Death and Life in a Stone Age Tribe
2025:"Why Are Men's and Women's Buttons on Opposite Sides?"
1196:
Hesse, Rayner W. & Hesse (Jr.), Rayner W. (2007).
867:
Hammond Turner & Sons, a button-making company in
147:
Buttons and button-like objects used as ornaments or
2330:
Button, button : identification and price guide
1506:"Elements of a German filigree button, made ca 1880"
4301:
4238:
4190:
4137:
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3738:
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2466:
2268:
On the Button: The Significance of an Ordinary Item
1763:Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian
1637:. GA, USA: Peach State Button Club. Archived from
824:) and 32 lignes (20.32 mm, typical button on
151:rather than fasteners have been discovered in the
2414:Button-making in Birmingham, England in the 1800s
1682:. Sun Mei Button Enterprise Co., Ltd. 2019-06-19.
1192:
1190:
472:Over 60% of the world's button supply comes from
143:Spanish button (approx. 12 mm) from ca. 1650â1675
95:. Buttons can also be used on containers such as
1680:"An Easy Guide to Button Measurement and Sizing"
1299:"The Westward Journeys of Buttons - AramcoWorld"
252:buttons were made, containing miniature working
1823:"Button | Smithsonian American Art Museum"
1783:Smithsonian National Museum of American History
1245:. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
2142:Cobb, J. Harold; Kirk Mitchell (Feb 2, 2005).
1444:"Chinese 'Button Town' Struggles with Success"
1198:Jewelrymaking Through History: An Encyclopedia
457:Nowadays, hard plastic, seashell, metals, and
3699:
3266:
2444:
1968:"The Curious Case of Men and Women's Buttons"
1242:Royal Authority in Egypt's Eighteenth Dynasty
1219:An encyclopaedia of the history of technology
8:
1481:. London, UK: V&A Images. Archived from
2298:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1913:"Keep Homestead Museum - Button Collection"
1859:"Hammond-Turner.com â Online Button Museum"
1841:"Hammond-Turner.com â Online Button Museum"
274:List of raw materials used in button-making
41:Brass buttons from the uniform of a Danish
3706:
3692:
3684:
3425:
3273:
3259:
3251:
3057:
2451:
2437:
2429:
1349:Australian Government (12 November 2009).
499:, with buttonmakers using techniques from
2247:. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin. p.
1046:with that of the candidate in question.
91:but also may be made of metal, wood, or
2209:The Collector's Encyclopedia of Buttons
2191:
2178:
2165:
1546:
1533:
1461:
1372:
1156:. University of Edinburgh. p. 146.
1086:
897:
293:Buttons can be individually crafted by
2291:
2211:(5th ed.). Atglen, PA: Schiffer.
2098:Madison Margolin (February 12, 2017).
1775:Domestic button collection, circa 1935
856:has many buttons, particularly in its
2332:. Atglen, PA: Schiffer. p. 167.
2244:The History of Science and Technology
1587:"Coat - Victoria & Albert museum"
1559:Victoria & Albert museum (1992).
7:
1173:. New Amsterdam Books. p. 152.
1504:Victoria and Albert Museum (1880).
1351:"heroin concealed in dress buttons"
907:Clam shells used for making buttons
2055:men button right on left .. Tznius
1706:10.1016/b978-0-12-107250-6.50007-3
1700:, Elsevier, pp. 86â90, 1990,
1328:The Oregonian: Homes & Gardens
1200:. Greenwood Publishing Group. 35.
450:, cloth-covered wooden forms, and
167:, Scotland (2200-1800 BC), and at
25:
2067:Danna Lorch (February 13, 2019).
2023:Benjamin Radford (July 6, 2010).
1995:Danny Lewis (November 23, 2015).
1561:"Jacket from bridegroom's outfit"
1426:"A look at China's "Button Town""
1102:. San Francisco, USA: harrapa.com
484:Decoration and coating techniques
4288:Bronze and brass ornamental work
3228:
3215:
1612:. Reader's Digest. p. 352.
1385:Peach State Button Club (2010).
971:
928:
912:
900:
288:timeline of materials technology
163:, Russia (2500-1950 BC), at the
127:, a button can be a significant
111:, a button can be an example of
1966:Megan Garber (March 27, 2015).
1479:"Man's suit, Coat and breeches"
1150:Mamwell, Caroline Jane (2018).
1006:first presidential inauguration
883:, the Keep Homestead Museum of
789:) over a knob or ring called a
87:, buttons are commonly made of
1608:Colton, Virginia, ed. (1978).
1330:. Oregon, USA: Oregon Live LLC
1275:"Viking Boot: History of York"
1167:Hedges, John W. (1998-04-21).
335:. Buttons made by artists are
1:
2380:Wisniewski, Debra J. (1997).
2266:Edwards, Nina (2012) (2012).
1221:. Taylor & Francis. 852.
956:. Diameter just over 32 mm (1
950:
782:tight stitches (usually with
3281:Clothing materials and parts
2270:. London, UK: I. B. Tauris.
1808:at 'Arago', the Smithsonian
1806:United States Postal Service
1589:. London, UK: V&A Images
1567:. London, UK: V&A Images
1565:V&A Jewellery collection
1514:. London, UK: V&A Images
1511:V&A Jewellery collection
1128:. 2018-08-27. Archived from
665:Plastic studs for bedclothes
2313:. USA: Dover. p. 464.
4535:
2355:Peacock, Primrose (1978).
2328:Osborne, Peggy A. (1997).
2207:Luscomb, Sally C. (2003).
2049:Chaya Korb Hubner (1989).
1635:"Back Types/Shanks (23-3)"
1475:Victoria and Albert museum
1322:Dahl, Liz (June 5, 2008).
854:Victoria and Albert Museum
271:
29:
3725:
3211:
1387:"Studios (Section 23-11)"
260:Materials and manufacture
153:Indus Valley civilization
68:that joins two pieces of
53:Modern buttons made from
1610:Complete Guide to Sewing
1279:www.historyofyork.org.uk
1049:Some of the most famous
832:In museums and galleries
4423:Painting in HĂ€lsingland
2358:Discovering old buttons
1917:keephomesteadmuseum.org
1899:keephomesteadmuseum.org
1895:"Keep Homestead Museum"
1633:Button Country (2010).
1239:Shaw, Garry J. (2008).
1096:"Fired steatite button"
949:& family, England,
862:Smithsonian Institution
772:Worked or cloth buttons
474:Qiaotou, Yongjia County
32:Button (disambiguation)
3144:Frister & Rossmann
2836:Hook-and-loop fastener
2051:The Broken Magen David
1810:National Postal Museum
1251:10.30861/9781407303086
1100:The Indus Civilization
978:Thread Covered buttons
881:Waterbury, Connecticut
841:
704:
674:
666:
647:
624:
269:
175:(c. 2000â1500 BC) and
144:
119:, or even a miniature
57:
46:
3114:Barthélemy Thimonnier
2307:Kohler, Carl (1963).
2241:Bunch, Bryan (2004).
1739:collections.vam.ac.uk
1217:McNeil, Ian (1990).
1126:Senior Hiker Magazine
885:Monson, Massachusetts
839:
701:
672:
664:
642:
622:
465:apparel, or found in
267:
142:
52:
40:
4443:Pressed flower craft
3224:at Wikimedia Commons
2310:A History of Costume
2146:. USA: Kirk Mitchell
858:jewellery collection
615:Styles of attachment
45:artillery lieutenant
30:For other uses, see
4499:History of clothing
4494:Fashion accessories
3860:Spinning (textiles)
3778:Friendship bracelet
3235:Clothing portal
2499:Fabric tube turning
2194:, pp. 119â120)
2168:, pp. 214â218)
2105:The Times of Israel
1549:, pp. 123â124)
1303:www.aramcoworld.com
1094:Khan, Omar (1999).
1053:are those made for
1033:political campaigns
875:. In the US, large
629:Flat or sew-through
598:Portrait miniatures
4519:Types of jewellery
3472:Artificial leather
3287:Garment structures
1863:hammond-turner.com
1845:hammond-turner.com
1827:americanart.si.edu
1800:2011-07-23 at the
1757:2018-12-21 at the
1694:"Standard Buttons"
1026:cultural artifacts
877:button collections
842:
705:
675:
667:
648:
625:
490:applied aesthetics
270:
204:Eighteenth Dynasty
182:Buttons made from
165:Tomb of the Eagles
145:
58:
47:
4504:Parts of clothing
4476:
4475:
4366:Hardstone carving
4314:Balloon modelling
3828:Ribbon embroidery
3681:
3680:
3505:
3504:
3314:Detachable collar
3248:
3247:
3240:Glossary of terms
3220:Media related to
3207:
3206:
3189:Tape edge machine
2608:Embroidery stitch
2320:978-0-486-21030-8
2277:978-1-84885-584-7
2258:978-0-618-22123-3
2181:, pp. 33â34)
1942:"The Button Room"
1715:978-0-12-107250-6
1485:on 24 August 2011
1432:. 8 October 2015.
1260:978-1-4073-0308-6
1180:978-1-4617-3268-6
1077:, fear of buttons
1044:George Washington
1010:George Washington
923:self-shank button
370:, cotton-covered
16:(Redirected from
4526:
4514:Textile closures
4448:Qing handicrafts
4253:Chemical milling
3708:
3701:
3694:
3685:
3426:
3275:
3268:
3261:
3252:
3233:
3232:
3219:
3194:Viking/Husqvarna
3058:
2453:
2446:
2439:
2430:
2403:
2376:
2351:
2324:
2303:
2297:
2289:
2262:
2230:
2195:
2188:
2182:
2175:
2169:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2123:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2081:
2064:
2058:
2057:
2046:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2009:
1992:
1986:
1985:
1980:
1978:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1944:. Archived from
1938:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1919:. Archived from
1909:
1903:
1902:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1881:Mattatuck Museum
1873:
1867:
1866:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1819:
1813:
1792:
1786:
1779:Washington, D.C.
1772:
1766:
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1725:
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1722:
1690:
1684:
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1471:
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1295:
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1285:
1271:
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1236:
1230:
1215:
1209:
1194:
1185:
1184:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1091:
1051:campaign buttons
975:
965:
964:
960:
955:
952:
932:
916:
904:
816:and abbreviated
734:Mandarin buttons
715:Magnetic buttons
588:Opus interassile
501:jewellery making
322:cottage industry
188:geometric shapes
161:Catacomb culture
21:
4534:
4533:
4529:
4528:
4527:
4525:
4524:
4523:
4479:
4478:
4477:
4472:
4458:Straw marquetry
4297:
4234:
4210:Enamelled glass
4186:
4133:
4065:
3889:
3734:
3721:
3715:Decorative arts
3712:
3682:
3677:
3644:
3567:
3501:
3460:
3415:
3304:Clerical collar
3282:
3279:
3249:
3244:
3227:
3203:
3102:
3094:
3049:
3008:
2992:
2923:Pattern notcher
2918:Needle threader
2891:
2855:
2799:
2723:
2705:
2672:
2551:
2543:
2529:Heirloom sewing
2504:Floating canvas
2462:
2457:
2410:
2392:
2379:
2373:
2354:
2340:
2327:
2321:
2306:
2290:
2278:
2265:
2259:
2240:
2237:
2235:Further reading
2219:
2206:
2203:
2198:
2189:
2185:
2176:
2172:
2163:
2159:
2149:
2147:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2131:, June 14, 2021
2125:
2124:
2120:
2110:
2108:
2097:
2096:
2092:
2079:
2077:
2066:
2065:
2061:
2053:. p. 116.
2048:
2047:
2043:
2033:
2031:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2007:
2005:
1994:
1993:
1989:
1976:
1974:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1951:
1949:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1926:
1924:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1839:
1838:
1834:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1802:Wayback Machine
1795:Uniform buttons
1793:
1789:
1773:
1769:
1759:Wayback Machine
1750:
1746:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1666:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1644:
1642:
1641:on 17 June 2010
1632:
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1502:
1498:
1488:
1486:
1473:
1472:
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1459:
1455:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1430:www.cbsnews.com
1424:
1423:
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1135:
1133:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1105:
1103:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1075:Koumpounophobia
1071:
1055:Abraham Lincoln
1022:Sheffield plate
1002:
989:
984:
983:
982:
979:
976:
967:
962:
958:
957:
953:
933:
924:
917:
908:
905:
893:
873:Charles Dickens
834:
804:
774:are created by
728:Covered buttons
724:
617:
612:
608:Vitreous enamel
533:Arita porcelain
486:
420:mother-of-pearl
348:vegetable ivory
276:
262:
225:
137:
55:vegetable ivory
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4532:
4530:
4522:
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4435:
4430:
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4415:
4410:
4409:
4408:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4386:Leatherworking
4383:
4378:
4373:
4368:
4363:
4362:
4361:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4339:Egg decorating
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4305:
4303:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4290:
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4255:
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3800:
3795:
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3696:
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3665:
3660:
3654:
3652:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3637:
3632:
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3507:
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3503:
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3500:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3432:
3430:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
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3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3317:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3296:
3290:
3288:
3284:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3277:
3270:
3263:
3255:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3242:
3237:
3225:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3202:
3201:
3196:
3191:
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3176:
3171:
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3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3110:
3108:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3066:
3064:
3055:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3015:Cloth merchant
3011:
3009:
3007:
3006:
3003:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2938:Pinking shears
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2899:
2897:
2893:
2892:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2877:Textile/fabric
2874:
2869:
2863:
2861:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2750:Grommet/eyelet
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2726:
2724:
2722:
2721:
2716:
2710:
2707:
2706:
2704:
2703:
2698:
2696:Seam allowance
2693:
2688:
2682:
2680:
2674:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
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2630:
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2615:
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2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2575:
2570:
2565:
2559:
2557:
2545:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2519:Gore (fabrics)
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2470:
2468:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2448:
2441:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2409:
2408:External links
2406:
2405:
2404:
2390:
2377:
2371:
2352:
2338:
2325:
2319:
2304:
2276:
2263:
2257:
2236:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2217:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2183:
2170:
2157:
2134:
2118:
2090:
2059:
2041:
2015:
1987:
1958:
1933:
1904:
1886:
1868:
1850:
1832:
1814:
1787:
1767:
1744:
1726:
1714:
1685:
1671:
1652:
1625:
1618:
1600:
1578:
1551:
1538:
1536:, p. 104)
1525:
1496:
1466:
1453:
1435:
1417:
1408:
1397:on 6 June 2010
1391:Button Country
1377:
1375:, p. 126)
1364:
1341:
1314:
1290:
1266:
1259:
1231:
1210:
1186:
1179:
1159:
1142:
1113:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1070:
1067:
1001:
998:
988:
985:
981:
980:
977:
970:
968:
945:, depicting a
934:
927:
925:
918:
911:
909:
906:
899:
896:
895:
894:
892:
889:
860:, as does the
833:
830:
803:
800:
799:
798:
795:Dorset buttons
769:
742:Mandarin dress
731:
723:
722:Fabric buttons
720:
719:
718:
712:
696:
695:
691:Snap fasteners
687:
659:
658:
643:An assorti of
637:
636:
633:sewing machine
616:
613:
611:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
583:Metal openwork
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
548:Electroplating
545:
540:
535:
529:
485:
482:
380:snap fasteners
261:
258:
224:
221:
136:
133:
85:fashion design
27:Small fastener
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4531:
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4461:
4459:
4456:
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4451:
4449:
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4444:
4441:
4439:
4438:Private press
4436:
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4364:
4360:
4357:
4356:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4349:Faux painting
4347:
4345:
4344:Engraved gems
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
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4327:
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4322:
4320:
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4259:
4256:
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4246:
4245:
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4241:
4237:
4231:
4230:Stained glass
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4215:Glass etching
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
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3990:
3988:
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2760:Passementerie
2758:
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2494:Embellishment
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2391:0-89145-711-9
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2374:
2372:0-85263-445-5
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2339:0-7643-0082-2
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2218:0-7643-1815-2
2214:
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2019:
2016:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1991:
1988:
1984:
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1962:
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1948:on 2020-11-27
1947:
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1923:on 2020-01-19
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1698:Brain Browser
1695:
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1619:0-89577-026-1
1615:
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1464:, p. 53)
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1227:0-415-01306-2
1224:
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1206:0-313-33507-9
1203:
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1132:on 2024-05-19
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919:Hand-painted
915:
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903:
898:
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882:
878:
874:
870:
865:
863:
859:
855:
851:
850:art galleries
847:
838:
831:
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827:
823:
819:
815:
814:
810:(also called
809:
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645:shank buttons
641:
634:
630:
627:
626:
621:
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609:
606:
604:
601:
599:
596:
594:
593:Passementerie
591:
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574:
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569:
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543:Daguerreotype
541:
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531:
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344:
342:
338:
334:
331:
327:
326:mass-produced
323:
320:
316:
313:(for example
312:
311:found objects
308:
307:raw materials
304:
300:
296:
291:
289:
285:
281:
275:
266:
259:
257:
255:
251:
248:
247:U.S. military
244:
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235:
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230:
223:As containers
222:
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207:
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101:ornamentation
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
77:
75:
71:
67:
63:
56:
51:
44:
39:
33:
19:
4406:Glass mosaic
4324:Bone carving
4124:Wood carving
4119:Wood burning
4094:Chip carving
4051:Scrapbooking
4036:Papier-mùché
4002:Papercutting
3955:Iris folding
3943:Photomontage
3938:Papier collé
3903:Altered book
3763:Cross-stitch
3618:Hook-and-eye
3595:
3581:Back closure
3511:Animal hides
3386:Shoulder pad
3309:Collar stays
2973:Tape measure
2968:Tailor's ham
2953:Sewing gauge
2831:Hook-and-eye
2815:
2603:Cross-stitch
2593:Chain stitch
2588:Catch stitch
2578:Blind stitch
2381:
2357:
2329:
2309:
2267:
2243:
2208:
2192:Luscomb 2003
2186:
2179:Luscomb 2003
2173:
2166:Luscomb 2003
2160:
2148:. Retrieved
2137:
2127:
2121:
2109:. Retrieved
2103:
2093:
2085:
2078:. Retrieved
2072:
2062:
2054:
2050:
2044:
2032:. Retrieved
2029:Live Science
2028:
2018:
2006:. Retrieved
2000:
1990:
1982:
1975:. Retrieved
1972:The Atlantic
1971:
1961:
1950:. Retrieved
1946:the original
1936:
1925:. Retrieved
1921:the original
1916:
1907:
1898:
1889:
1880:
1871:
1862:
1853:
1844:
1835:
1826:
1817:
1790:
1770:
1747:
1738:
1729:
1719:, retrieved
1697:
1688:
1674:
1655:
1643:. Retrieved
1639:the original
1628:
1609:
1603:
1591:. Retrieved
1581:
1569:. Retrieved
1564:
1554:
1547:Luscomb 2003
1541:
1534:Luscomb 2003
1528:
1516:. Retrieved
1509:
1499:
1487:. Retrieved
1483:the original
1469:
1462:Luscomb 2003
1456:
1447:
1438:
1429:
1420:
1411:
1399:. Retrieved
1395:the original
1390:
1380:
1373:Luscomb 2003
1367:
1355:. Retrieved
1344:
1332:. Retrieved
1327:
1317:
1306:. Retrieved
1302:
1293:
1282:. Retrieved
1278:
1269:
1241:
1234:
1218:
1213:
1197:
1169:
1162:
1152:
1145:
1134:. Retrieved
1130:the original
1125:
1116:
1104:. Retrieved
1099:
1089:
1048:
1041:
1030:
1003:
994:reverse this
990:
938:button with
921:Satsuma ware
866:
843:
826:suit jackets
817:
811:
805:
802:Button sizes
790:
776:embroidering
771:
765:
751:
745:
733:
727:
714:
708:
689:
678:
651:
644:
628:
603:Satsuma ware
521:metalworking
487:
471:
456:
452:papier-mùché
345:
341:studio craft
299:craftspeople
292:
277:
236:
226:
211:
208:
201:
197:Indus Valley
193:Mohenjo-daro
181:
177:Ancient Rome
146:
117:studio craft
105:applied arts
78:
61:
59:
4433:Pietra dura
4396:Micromosaic
4329:Doll making
4283:Silversmith
4200:Cameo glass
4157:Earthenware
4129:Woodturning
4041:Pop-up book
4026:Papermaking
3913:Calligraphy
3908:Bookbinding
3838:Rug hooking
3808:Needlepoint
3788:Lace-making
3753:Canvas work
3030:Haberdasher
2948:Seam ripper
2780:Self-fabric
2755:Interfacing
2735:Collar stay
2691:Felled seam
2633:Pick stitch
2598:Coverstitch
2111:November 6,
2080:November 6,
2074:The Forward
2034:November 6,
2008:November 6,
2002:Smithsonian
1977:November 6,
1000:In politics
987:Positioning
954: 1760
764:are called
673:Shirt studs
578:Metallizing
573:Lithography
568:Lacquerware
517:printmaking
497:visual arts
467:collections
432:composition
337:art objects
155:during its
125:archaeology
121:work of art
43:World War I
4483:Categories
4468:Wall decal
4391:Miniatures
4309:Assemblage
4177:Terracotta
4152:Bone china
4031:Paper toys
3997:Papercraft
3923:Cast paper
3918:Cardmaking
3865:String art
3855:Shoemaking
3843:Rug making
3813:Needlework
3768:Embroidery
3758:Crocheting
3719:handicraft
3601:Buttonhole
3129:Elias Howe
3090:Simplicity
3025:Dressmaker
2933:Pincushion
2913:Needlecase
2908:Dress form
2867:Grain/bias
2821:Buttonhole
2790:Twill tape
2701:Style line
2628:Pad stitch
2618:Lockstitch
2583:Buttonhole
2563:Backstitch
2467:Techniques
2286:1848855842
2227:2003101645
1952:2012-02-28
1927:2020-04-30
1721:2023-11-18
1661:US2397931A
1308:2020-11-28
1284:2020-11-14
1136:2020-10-24
1082:References
943:cut steels
869:Birmingham
780:crocheting
766:silk knots
762:cuff links
553:Embroidery
414:, pressed
272:See also:
239:World Wars
169:Bronze Age
79:In modern
74:buttonhole
4463:Taxidermy
4453:Scrimshaw
4428:Pargeting
4354:Grotesque
4334:Dollhouse
4278:Goldsmith
4273:Jewellery
4263:Engraving
4220:Glassware
4205:Chip work
4172:Stoneware
4162:Porcelain
4114:Marquetry
4089:Carpentry
4084:Cabinetry
4061:Wallpaper
3987:Embossing
3980:Moneygami
3933:Decoupage
3818:Patchwork
3803:Millinery
3668:Waistline
3586:Belt hook
3573:Fasteners
3487:Polyester
3465:Synthetic
3406:Waistband
3080:Clothkits
3070:Butterick
3040:Silkwoman
3005:Suppliers
2860:Materials
2730:Bias tape
2663:Topstitch
2638:Rantering
2613:Hemstitch
2294:cite book
1781:, at the
753:cheongsam
684:cufflinks
538:Cloisonné
509:sculpture
428:porcelain
424:celluloid
416:cardboard
333:factories
330:high-tech
284:synthetic
254:compasses
232:smugglers
217:Byzantine
171:sites in
103:. In the
4418:Ornament
4381:Lapidary
4376:Lath art
4359:Gargoyle
4319:Beadwork
4293:Ironwork
4109:Intarsia
4104:Fretwork
4099:ĂbĂ©niste
4079:Bentwood
4056:Stamping
4046:Quilling
3992:Marbling
3975:Kirigami
3965:Kamikiri
3870:Tapestry
3823:Quilting
3783:Knitting
3663:Bustline
3658:Neckline
3563:Stingray
3538:Kangaroo
3421:Textiles
3169:New Home
3100:Machines
3085:McCall's
3062:Patterns
2943:Scissors
2804:Closures
2785:Soutache
2775:Rickrack
2686:Neckline
2653:Stoating
2623:Overlock
2568:Bar tack
2549:Stitches
2539:Shirring
2400:97122120
2348:92063104
2150:13 March
1798:Archived
1755:Archived
1645:11 March
1593:10 March
1571:10 March
1518:10 March
1489:10 March
1357:11 March
1334:11 March
1106:11 March
1069:See also
1059:Memorial
1037:pin-back
936:Wedgwood
563:Intaglio
558:Filigree
513:painting
505:ceramics
492:and the
444:xylonite
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