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20:
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126:. Hill reported that this was the second time Andrew Jackson had escaped. In December 1849 Hill placed a newspaper advertisement listing a "Blacksmith and 30 or 40 Field Hands" for sale. At the time of the 1850 census, Hill identified his occupation as Negro trader. On Sunday, April 6, 1851, an unidentified negro child died in Memphis, Tennessee; a 20th-century typewritten index of the city's death records associated the child with Byrd Hill. In August 1851 he and a partner sought to hire 50 to 100 enslaved laborers to build the
73:
On June 15, 1830, he married Louisa A. Eddins. In 1830 he was a resident of
Madison County, Tennessee, in a household with an unidentified white female in her 20s, and five black slaves (a male adult, a female adult, a boy under 10 years old, and two girls under 10 years old). In 1831 he may have
113:
In
February 1849 he offered for sale 50 slaves recently arrived in Memphis from Virginia and Maryland. He was a pioneer then, of flouting Tennessee's ban on the interstate trade in slaves, which was state law from 1826 until 1855. In November 1849 he offered a
175:
on Adams Street, Hill & Forrest also 'sold on commission,' meaning that the firm would serve as a broker, selling others' slaves for a percentage of the sale. Forrest apparently remained in this partnership with Hill through April 1854."
296:
stated that he was a man "known to thousands of former residents of this city...Before the war he was a dealer in slaves, in the building now known as the
Central House." Byrd Hill was buried at Hill Cemetery in Madison County, Tennessee.
267:, a sack of potatoes, and a lamb to the Confederate military hospital at the former Overton Hotel in Memphis. Hill was listed as a resident of Adams Street in Memphis in the 1865 Memphis city directory. In April 1867 someone stole a
86:
in a household with a wife and five small children, and nine slaves. In 1841 he was in the southern division of the same county. Also in 1841, he was one of the organizers of a proposed railway line in
Mississippi, the
134:, dated the day before their marriage, Hill acknowledged Lavinia R. Butler's 'exclusive' possession of the 640-acre 'plantation whereon' she then resided; this also included her slaves and carriage and
130:. On October 21, 1852, he married Lavinia R. Butler in Madison County, Tennessee. Born Lavinia Hardgrove, she was the widow of Burwell Butler. According to a 1993 history of Claybrook, Tennessee, "In a
271:
from the stable of Col. Byrd Hill. In
November 1867 he lived three miles south of Memphis, on the old State Line road, and had a valuable horse stolen from his property; he offered a reward of
275: (equivalent to $ 2,180 in 2023) for its return. In June 1868 he was deemed First Vice President of the newly organized White's Station Agricultural and Stock Association, which met at
171:, "In at least one instance, Hill and Forrest bought and then sold a free Black couple, an action that, had it been discovered at the time, might have led to legal trouble. With a
159:
On Sunday, April 6, 1851, an unidentified negro child died in
Memphis, Tennessee; a 20th-century typewritten index of the city's death records associated the child with Byrd Hill
1130:
183:
shipped across the
Atlantic Ocean from Africa had been prohibited, Hill auctioned six people who had been most likely been trafficked to the United States from the
118: (equivalent to $ 915.6 in 2023) reward for the recovery of an 18-year-old man named Andrew Jackson, who he thought would be traveling by riverboat to get to a
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155:
1145:
843:
677:
561:
358:
70:
Records of Byrd Hill's early life appear to be meager. He received a number of warrants for land in
Tennessee in 1825, 1826, 1828, and 1842.
19:
649:"Bird Hill in entry for Hill, 6 Apr 1851; citing Death, Shelby, Tennessee, United States, Tennessee State Library and Archives, Nashville"
321:
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31:
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127:
88:
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283:. Byrd Hill's second wife Lavinia R. Hill died of heart disease in October 1868 at the age of 60; she was buried in Memphis.
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807:
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1072:"L R Hill, 6 Aug 1868; citing Death, Shelby, Tennessee, United States, Tennessee State Library and Archives, Nashville"
479:
1089:
1021:
667:
257:
96:
971:
556:. Southern Classics Series. Introduction by Michael Tadman. University of South Carolina Press. pp. 271–272.
408:. Vol. I: The Southern Half of the County. Jackson, Tennessee: Mid-West Tennessee Genealogical Society. 1995.
79:
287:
714:
276:
164:
47:
694:"Byrd Hill and Lavinia R Butler, 21 Oct 1852; citing Madison, Tennessee, United States, Marriage Records"
189:
139:
131:
52:
38:. Byrd Hill has been described as one of the "big four" slave traders in the centrally located city of
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1120:
149:
123:
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Sometime between 1861 and 1863, Hill's wife and the wife of Josiah
Deloach donated seven gallons of
50:
and is believed to have resold six of the
Africans illegally trafficked to the United States on the
197:
listing his goods, and a copy came into the hands of someone who then anonymously mailed it to the
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784:
168:
92:
75:
39:
35:
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379:"Byrd Hill and Bird Hill in North Carolina and Tennessee, U.S., Early Land Records, 1753-1931"
354:
292:
43:
833:
510:. Holly Springs?, Miss.: South Reporter Printing Co. pp. 101–102 – via HathiTrust.
768:
326:
199:
194:
184:
106:
Land warrant in Madison County for Bird Hill, April 15, 1828, signed by Tennessee governor
152:
was now operating his slave auction business at "Byrd Hill's old stand" on Adams Street.
231:
These Africans, with eight or ten natives, will be sold, regardless of price or weather,
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316:
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179:
On the 28th day of one of the first months of 1859, some 50 years after commerce in
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419:
757:"Taking Profits, Making Myths: The Slave Trading Career of Nathan Bedford Forrest"
505:
348:
135:
107:
244:
On July 7, 1859, Byrd Hill bought the slave yard of Nathan Bedford Forrest for
437:
364:
264:
256: (equivalent to $ 50,867 in 2023) on the platform of the railway depot at
172:
929:
780:
756:
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Tennessee, Shelby County, Memphis, Board of Health Death Records, 1848–1913
945:
653:
Tennessee, Shelby County, Memphis, Board of Health Death Records, 1848–1913
74:
recovered someone's lost horse, at which time he lived five miles south of
772:
122:, and who would ultimately seek out his legally free mother who lived in
56:
in 1859. Hill also made a fleeting appearance in Harriet Beecher Stowe's
937:
913:
91:. His wife Louisa A. Hill, who died May 15, year unknown, is buried at
248: (equivalent to $ 1,017,333 in 2023). In September 1859, Hill was
669:
African American Southerners in Slavery, Civil War and Reconstruction
888:"List of donations to the Overton Hospital since November 23, 1861"
154:
101:
18:
235:
GREAT BARGAINS are expected. Come one, come all. Sale at my mart.
268:
260:. The culprit, who gave his name as Goodrich, was apprehended.
82:. In 1840 he appears to have lived in the northern division of
23:
Slave trade in the Memphis, Tennessee, city directory, 1855
353:. Westport, Conn.: Negro Universities Press. p. 50.
148:, which reprinted an ad for slaves that mentioned that
631:"Bird Hill, Memphis, Shelby, Tennessee, United States"
1047:"White's Station Agricultural and Stock Association"
838:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. pp. 56–58.
741:
A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin ... Harriet Beecher Stowe
715:"Our Claybrook Heritage (Madison County, Tennessee)"
469:
1841 Mississippi State Census Index via Ancestry.com
460:
1840 federal census Marshall Co MS via Ancestry.com
167:, called Hill & Forrest. According to historian
606:"A Blacksmith, and 30 or 40 Field Hands for Sale"
700:, FHL microfilm 24,758 – via FamilySearch
507:It happened here: true stories of Holly Springs
426:, FHL microfilm 24,537 – via FamilySearch
205:
163:In 1853, he formed a business partnership with
30:(November 18, 1800 – September 28, 1872) was a
857:
855:
802:
800:
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420:"Byrd Hill, Madison, Tennessee, United States"
575:
573:
406:Cemetery Records of Madison County, Tennessee
290:in 1872. A death notice that appeared in the
8:
709:
707:
914:"Military Hospitals in Memphis, 1861-1865"
329: – American slave trader (~1823–1861)
34:of Tennessee and Mississippi prior to the
480:"Holly Springs & State Line Railroad"
959:Memphis, Tennessee, City Directory, 1865
863:"Pocket Picking at the Charleston Depot"
438:"Southern Statesman 30 Jul 1831, page 4"
89:Holly Springs & State Line Rail Road
339:
1131:Businesspeople from Memphis, Tennessee
698:Tennessee, County Marriages, 1790–1950
7:
400:
398:
46:. Hill was partners for a time with
1141:19th-century American slave traders
835:Nathan Bedford Forrest: A Biography
322:Tennessee in the American Civil War
14:
16:American slave trader (1800–1872)
1146:History of slavery in Tennessee
738:Stowe, Harriet Beecher (1853).
666:Nolen, Claude H. (2005-08-15).
281:Memphis and Charleston Railroad
128:Memphis and Hernando plank road
918:Tennessee Historical Quarterly
912:LaPointe, Patricia M. (1983).
553:Slave Trading in the Old South
307:List of American slave traders
1:
312:History of Memphis, Tennessee
755:Huebner, Timothy S. (2023).
84:Marshall County, Mississippi
1094:The Daily Memphis Avalanche
744:. B. Tauchnitz. p. 45.
1162:
832:Hurst, Jack (2011-06-08).
635:United States Census, 1850
504:Pruitt, Olga Reed (1950).
424:United States Census, 1830
258:Charleston, South Carolina
145:A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin
97:Holly Springs, Mississippi
59:A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin
672:. McFarland. p. 62.
581:"Byrd Hill runaway slave"
347:Mooney, Chase C. (1971).
1078:– via FamilySearch
655:– via FamilySearch
637:– via FamilySearch
288:Shelby County, Tennessee
1096:. 1872-10-08. p. 4
1053:. 1868-06-15. p. 4
1028:. 1867-11-01. p. 3
1003:. 1867-10-31. p. 8
997:"Horse Thieves at Work"
978:. 1867-04-04. p. 3
894:. 1861-12-07. p. 4
869:. 1859-09-19. p. 3
814:. 1859-05-12. p. 2
612:. 1849-12-31. p. 1
610:The Memphis Daily Eagle
587:. 1849-11-23. p. 3
585:The Memphis Daily Eagle
528:. 1849-02-16. p. 2
526:The Memphis Daily Eagle
486:. 1841-04-09. p. 1
242:
165:Nathan Bedford Forrest
160:
110:
48:Nathan Bedford Forrest
24:
1136:American slave owners
812:The Monticello Herald
773:10.1353/cwh.2023.0009
522:"50 Negroes for Sale"
239:Thursday, 28th, 1859
158:
140:Harriet Beecher Stowe
105:
22:
1051:Memphis Daily Appeal
1026:Memphis Daily Appeal
976:Memphis Daily Appeal
892:Memphis Daily Appeal
350:Slavery in Tennessee
233:THIS DAY, 11 o'clock
124:Louisville, Kentucky
808:"Africans for Sale"
228:MOSES, 10 years old
224:JESSE, 16 years old
218:JACOB, 22 years old
1001:Memphis Daily Post
548:Bancroft, Frederic
286:Byrd Hill died in
187:on the slave ship
169:Timothy S. Huebner
161:
132:marriage indenture
111:
93:Hillcrest Cemetery
76:Jackson, Tennessee
36:American Civil War
25:
845:978-0-307-78914-3
761:Civil War History
679:978-0-7864-2451-1
563:978-1-64336-427-8
360:978-0-8371-5522-7
293:Memphis Avalanche
226:SAM, 16 years old
222:JIM, 18 years old
220:SOL, 19 years old
193:. Hill printed a
44:Mississippi River
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1022:"Horse Stealing"
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200:New-York Tribune
185:Kingdom of Kongo
181:saltwater slaves
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972:"Another mule"
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215:KONGO AFRICANS
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80:Madison County
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767:(1): 42–75.
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363:– via
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250:pickpocketed
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32:slave trader
27:
26:
1126:1872 deaths
1121:1800 births
1090:"Byrd Hill"
213:SIX LIKELY
138:." In 1853
108:Sam Houston
1115:Categories
1100:2023-07-14
1057:2023-07-14
1032:2023-07-14
1007:2023-07-14
982:2023-07-14
898:2023-07-14
873:2023-07-14
818:2023-07-13
724:2023-07-14
616:2023-07-14
591:2023-07-14
532:2023-07-14
490:2023-07-14
447:2023-07-14
388:2023-07-14
365:HathiTrust
334:References
279:along the
265:buttermilk
246:US$ 30,000
208:AT AUCTION
142:published
136:personalty
120:free state
930:0040-3261
789:256599213
781:1533-6271
550:(2023) .
254:US$ 1,500
237:BYRD HILL
66:Biography
28:Byrd Hill
946:11618202
938:42626400
301:See also
195:handbill
190:Wanderer
53:Wanderer
273:US$ 100
42:on the
40:Memphis
944:
936:
928:
842:
787:
779:
676:
560:
357:
116:US$ 25
934:JSTOR
785:S2CID
78:, in
942:PMID
926:ISSN
840:ISBN
777:ISSN
674:ISBN
558:ISBN
355:ISBN
269:mule
173:mart
769:doi
252:of
95:in
1117::
1092:.
1074:,
1049:.
1024:.
999:.
974:.
940:.
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922:42
920:.
916:.
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854:^
810:.
797:^
783:.
775:.
765:69
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759:.
717:.
706:^
696:,
651:,
633:,
608:.
583:.
572:^
545:*
524:.
482:.
440:.
422:,
397:^
381:.
203:.
99:.
62:.
1103:.
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771::
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682:.
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493:.
450:.
391:.
367:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
