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are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).
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Seven BOR were built, and four confirmed flights took place between 1982 and 1984. All orbital flights were launched using
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Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).
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reconnaissance aircraft captured the first
Western images of the craft as it was recovered by a Soviet ship near the
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1028:
539:
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876:
865:
2403:
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2225:
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1983:
1761:
1712:
1671:
271:
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2531:
2521:
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2506:
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2198:
2193:
2177:
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2155:
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2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2110:
2100:
2095:
2090:
2074:
2050:
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2018:
2013:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1978:
1973:
1952:
1942:
1930:
1908:
1903:
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131:, "Unpiloted Orbital Rocketplane 4") flight vehicle is a scaled (1:2) prototype of the Soviet
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450:"NASA - National Space Science Data Center - Spacecraft - Details: Cosmos 1517"
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launch vehicle. After reentry, they were designed to parachute to an ocean
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Several of them were built and flown between 1982 and 1984 from the
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launch site at speeds of up to Mach 25, using K65-RB5 variant of
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173:. The testing was nearly identical to that carried out by the
146:, its purpose was to test the heatshield tiles and reinforced
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in the 1960s, which tested the heatshield design for the
390:
Partial failure. Spacecraft lost at sea during recovery
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456:. National Aeronautics & Space Administration.
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2582:This article about one or more spacecraft of the
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8:
598:"Unmanned Orbital Rocket Planes type "BOR""
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540:"They're Trying to Make a Dream Come True"
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20:
57:Uncrewed 1:2 scale re-entry test vehicle
440:
138:(vertical takeoff, horizontal landing)
577:from the original on 28 September 2022
509:Turnill, Reginald, ed. (August 1987).
460:from the original on 19 December 2022
7:
2572:
2570:
1057:Bristol Ascender, Spacebus, Spacecab
796:Androgynous Peripheral Attach System
671:from the original on 23 January 2021
608:from the original on 16 January 2021
119:Беспилотный Орбитальный Ракетоплан 4
663:[BOR: Where to see them?].
2590:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
14:
2574:
694:
596:Bauduin, Pierre (3 March 2007).
554:from the original on 3 May 2022.
29:
602:Weebau Spaceflight Encyclopedia
1:
2647:Soviet Union spacecraft stubs
424:HL-20 Personnel Launch System
387:1 hour, 22 minutes
360:1 hour, 42 minutes
333:1 hour, 52 minutes
306:1 hour, 28 minutes
16:Soviet spaceplane (1980-1984)
1197:Hypersonic Flight Experiment
548:NASA Langley Research Center
538:Hodges, Jim (23 June 2011).
511:Jane's Spaceflight Directory
2642:Spacecraft launched in 1982
1402:Martin Marietta Spacemaster
638:. Encyclopedia Astronautica
123:
2663:
2569:
186:Royal Australian Air Force
154:, then under development.
2552:
752:
661:"BOR: Où les voir ?"
118:
28:
1534:X-41 Common Aero Vehicle
515:Jane's Information Group
411:Zhukovsky, Moscow Oblast
404:Zhukovsky, Moscow Oblast
142:. An uncrewed, subscale
124:Bespilotnyi Orbital'nyi
1544:Military flying saucers
2293:Fanhui Shi Weixing 0-5
1457:NASA X-38 (Spacewedge)
1331:Boeing X-37 (tech dem)
710:Detailed page on BORs
1412:Orbital Sciences X-34
565:Petrovitch, Vassili.
402:BOR-4S nº401 –
184:. On 16 March 1983 a
1597:Orbital launches in
1417:Rockwell X-30 (NASP)
1397:DARPA Falcon Project
567:"BOR Characteristic"
454:NSSDC Master Catalog
169:for recovery by the
1375:Shuttle–Mir Program
1347:North American X-15
1308:Zvezda (Tu-136/139)
1246:Soviet Union/Russia
866:Baikonur Cosmodrome
636:www.astronautix.com
544:The Researcher News
484:Gunter's Space Page
448:Grayzeck, Edwin.J.
283: /
223:
152:Buran space shuttle
49:General information
1298:RAKS (Tu-444/2000)
702:Spaceflight portal
218:
211:launch complex in
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1529:TR-3A Black Manta
1357:Martin X-23 PRIME
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1206:
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571:buran-energia.com
397:Current locations
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755:List of missions
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376:19 December 1984
371:19 December 1984
349:27 December 1983
344:27 December 1983
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213:Astrakhan Oblast
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35:BOR-4S nº401 at
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2384:Gorizont No.16L
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1962:
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1745:Gorizont No.14L
1701:
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1539:Aurora aircraft
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746:Buran programme
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409:BOR-4 –
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207:rockets at the
201:
100:5 December 1980
62:National origin
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2557:Crewed flights
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2496:Strela-1M (x8)
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2333:Intelsat V F-5
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1503:SpaceShipThree
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1486:In development
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1407:X-20 Dyna-Soar
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1273:Keldysh bomber
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240:Recovery site
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182:X-20 Dyna-Soar
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2027:
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2017:
2015:
2012:
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1405:
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1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1392:Chrysler SERV
1390:
1389:
1387:
1383:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1367:Space Shuttle
1365:
1363:
1360:
1358:
1355:
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1348:
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1317:United States
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1129:
1125:
1119:
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1109:
1103:
1100:
1098:
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1080:
1078:
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1024:Project 921-3
1022:
1021:
1019:
1015:
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1005:
1003:
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983:
981:
976:
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728:
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708:
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692:
687:
670:
667:(in French).
666:
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656:
654:
650:
637:
633:
626:
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531:
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396:
389:
386:
384:174 x 223 km
383:
380:
375:
370:
367:
366:
362:
359:
357:212 x 217 km
356:
353:
348:
343:
340:
339:
335:
332:
330:158 x 208 km
329:
327:Indian Ocean
326:
322:16 March 1983
321:
317:15 March 1983
316:
313:
312:
308:
305:
303:158 x 204 km
302:
300:Indian Ocean
296:
268:
263:
258:
255:
254:
250:
245:
242:
239:
234:
229:
226:
225:
222:test flights
221:
216:
214:
210:
206:
198:
196:
194:
193:Cocos Islands
190:
187:
183:
179:
178:ASSET program
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
155:
153:
149:
148:carbon-carbon
145:
141:
137:
134:
129:
127:
116:
113:
109:
99:
95:
90:
86:
82:
79:
76:
74:
70:
67:
64:
60:
56:
52:
47:
42:
38:
32:
27:
22:
19:
2592:expanding it
2584:Soviet Union
2581:
2566:
2556:
2538:Gran' No.22L
2536:
2502:Gran' No.21L
2494:
2439:
2404:DSCS III A-1
2399:DSCS II F-16
2308:Ekran No.24L
2285:
2278:
2246:
2226:Molniya 3-19
2208:
2167:Ekran No.23L
2165:
2161:Molniya 1-55
2067:
2055:
2033:
2003:
1984:Molniya 1-54
1935:
1923:
1762:Molniya 3-18
1754:
1722:
1713:Molniya 1-53
1672:Ekran No.22L
1498:SpaceShipTwo
1493:Dream Chaser
1362:SpaceShipOne
1252:
931:An-225 Mriya
904:
829:
820:
673:. Retrieved
665:kosmonavtika
664:
640:. Retrieved
635:
610:. Retrieved
601:
591:
579:. Retrieved
570:
560:
543:
533:
510:
487:. Retrieved
483:
474:
462:. Retrieved
453:
443:
429:Dream Chaser
368:Kosmos 1614
341:Kosmos 1517
314:Kosmos 1445
256:Kosmos 1374
235:Landing date
219:
209:Kapustin Yar
202:
175:US Air Force
159:Kapustin Yar
156:
111:
107:
105:
97:First flight
84:Number built
73:Manufacturer
66:Soviet Union
37:MAKS Airshow
18:
2544:Kosmos 1426
2532:Kosmos 1425
2522:Kosmos 1424
2512:Kosmos 1423
2507:Kosmos 1422
2490:Kosmos 1421
2472:Kosmos 1427
2435:Kosmos 1420
2430:Kosmos 1419
2409:Progress 16
2389:Kosmos 1418
2379:Kosmos 1417
2374:Kosmos 1416
2369:Kosmos 1415
2364:Kosmos 1414
2359:Kosmos 1413
2354:Kosmos 1412
2349:Kosmos 1411
2328:Kosmos 1410
2323:Kosmos 1409
2313:Progress 15
2303:Kosmos 1408
2298:Kosmos 1407
2274:Kosmos 1406
2269:Kosmos 1405
2259:Kosmos 1404
2254:Kosmos 1403
2231:Kosmos 1402
2204:Kosmos 1400
2199:Kosmos 1399
2194:Kosmos 1398
2178:Kosmos 1397
2173:Kosmos 1396
2156:Kosmos 1395
2151:Kosmos 1394
2146:Kosmos 1393
2141:Kosmos 1392
2136:Kosmos 1391
2131:Kosmos 1390
2126:Kosmos 1389
2121:Kosmos 1388
2111:Kosmos 1387
2106:Progress 14
2101:Kosmos 1386
2096:Kosmos 1385
2091:Kosmos 1384
2075:Kosmos 1383
2063:Kosmos 1382
2051:Kosmos 1381
2046:Kosmos 1380
2041:Kosmos 1379
2029:Kosmos 1378
2019:Kosmos 1377
2014:Kosmos 1376
2009:Kosmos 1375
2004:Kosmos 1374
1999:Kosmos 1373
1994:Kosmos 1372
1989:Kosmos 1371
1979:Kosmos 1370
1974:Kosmos 1369
1958:Progress 13
1953:Kosmos 1368
1948:Kosmos 1367
1943:Kosmos 1366
1931:Kosmos 1365
1909:Kosmos 1364
1904:Kosmos 1363
1899:Kosmos 1362
1894:Kosmos 1361
1889:Kosmos 1360
1884:Kosmos 1359
1879:Kosmos 1358
1874:Kosmos 1357
1869:Kosmos 1356
1853:Kosmos 1355
1848:Kosmos 1354
1843:Kosmos 1353
1838:Kosmos 1352
1833:Kosmos 1351
1818:Kosmos 1350
1808:Kosmos 1349
1803:Kosmos 1348
1798:Kosmos 1347
1793:Kosmos 1346
1777:Kosmos 1345
1767:Kosmos 1344
1750:Kosmos 1343
1735:Kosmos 1342
1718:Kosmos 1341
1692:Kosmos 1340
1687:Kosmos 1339
1682:Kosmos 1338
1677:Kosmos 1337
1667:Kosmos 1336
1651:Kosmos 1335
1641:Kosmos 1334
1631:Kosmos 1333
1626:Kosmos 1332
1621:Kosmos 1331
1452:Black Horse
1447:VentureStar
1427:Silver Dart
1144:Space Rider
1102:Silbervogel
994:Spaceplanes
940:Space suits
675:12 February
630:Mark Wade.
612:12 February
581:12 February
290: /
264:3 June 1982
259:3 June 1982
248:(in orbit)
230:Launch date
171:Soviet Navy
78:NPO Molniya
2631:Categories
2517:Meteor 2-9
2216:Kosmos 401
2035:Yantar-4K2
1772:Meteor 2-8
1508:Radian One
1477:DARPA XS-1
1472:Prometheus
1340:Historical
1149:SpaceLiner
1111:Historical
887:Yubileyniy
762:Components
524:0710608381
464:16 January
435:References
381:Black Sea
354:Black Sea
167:splashdown
144:spacecraft
140:spaceplane
126:Raketoplan
41:Zhukovskiy
2317:Astrozond
2248:Strela-2M
2240:September
2210:Soyuz T-7
2116:Landsat 4
2057:Soyuz T-6
1925:Soyuz T-5
1524:Blackstar
1462:XCOR Lynx
1422:NASA X-43
1008:Wild Fire
480:"K65-RB5"
287:17°S 98°E
215:, Russia
205:Kosmos-3M
189:P-3 Orion
163:Kosmos-3M
2527:OPS 9845
2465:December
2456:OPS 9627
2423:November
2394:Satcom 5
2280:Marecs B
2024:Westar 5
1919:OPS 6553
1914:OPS 5642
1823:Salyut 7
1813:INSAT-1A
1740:OPS 8701
1724:Taifun-2
1697:Westar 4
1660:February
1646:OPS 2849
1636:Satcom 4
1385:Canceled
1268:Explorer
1169:Canceled
1045:Canceled
1029:Shenlong
877:Baherove
869:Site 110
815:(BTS-02)
805:Orbiters
789:Kristall
669:Archived
606:Archived
575:Archived
552:Archived
458:Archived
418:See also
413:, Russia
406:, Russia
363:Success
336:Success
309:Success
251:Outcome
246:Duration
227:Mission
150:for the
2481:Unknown
2450:Anik C3
2413:Iskra 3
2342:October
2287:Sirio 2
2221:Anik D1
1937:Zenit-6
1827:Iskra 2
1614:January
1371:program
1283:Lapotok
1097:Saenger
1092:S3 SOAR
1087:Orizont
1082:MUSTARD
919:Support
898:Testing
831:Ptichka
784:Kvant-2
779:Kvant-1
769:Energia
632:"BOR-4"
292:-17; 98
199:Flights
115:Russian
92:History
2264:Kiku-4
2187:August
1606:1983 →
1591:← 1981
1324:Active
1303:Spiral
1278:Kliper
1232:HOPE-X
1227:ALFLEX
1219:HYFLEX
1192:RLV-TD
1176:AVATAR
1139:Skylon
1134:Airbus
1072:Hopper
1067:Hermes
1038:Europe
1001:Canada
947:Strizh
882:Khorol
835:(1.02)
825:(1.01)
812:OK-GLI
642:30 May
521:
489:14 May
378:05:26
373:04:04
351:11:46
346:10:04
324:00:25
319:22:33
266:23:04
261:21:36
243:Orbit
237:(UTC)
232:(UTC)
133:Spiral
43:, 2005
24:BOR-4S
2586:is a
2483:month
2446:SBS-3
2441:STS-5
2069:STS-4
1786:April
1756:STS-3
1706:March
1467:Xerus
1437:HL-42
1432:HL-20
1352:ASSET
1263:Buran
1258:BOR-5
1253:BOR-4
1237:WIRES
1212:Japan
1162:India
1077:HOTOL
1062:Falke
1017:China
952:Orlan
910:BOR-5
905:BOR-4
859:Sites
821:Buran
220:BOR-4
112:БОР-4
108:BOR-4
2588:stub
2084:July
1967:June
1599:1982
1223:OREX
1052:ARES
926:VM-T
850:2.03
845:2.02
840:2.01
677:2016
644:2024
614:2016
583:2016
519:ISBN
491:2024
466:2015
278:98°E
275:17°S
136:VTHL
106:The
54:Type
1862:May
1288:LKS
1118:IXV
774:Mir
39:in
2633::
2448:,
1373:,
652:^
634:.
622:^
604:.
600:.
573:.
569:.
550:.
546:.
542:.
517:.
513:.
499:^
482:.
452:.
195:.
121:,
117::
2619:e
2612:t
2605:v
2594:.
2452:)
2444:(
2415:)
2411:(
2319:)
2315:(
1829:)
1825:(
1582:e
1575:t
1568:v
1377:)
1369:(
1225:/
1221:/
986:e
979:t
972:v
738:e
731:t
724:v
679:.
646:.
616:.
585:.
527:.
493:.
468:.
128:4
110:(
87:7
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
