38:
2058:
272:. Some states, known as "constituency" states, will allow for this change in the articles of incorporation, but other states, known as "non-constituency states", will not; and many states now have the option of adopting the benefit corporation legal structure, which also meets B Lab's requirements for B Corp certification. Beyond the corporate model, other for-profit business entities make an amendment of the company by-laws or governing documents. These include:
93:
322:
255:
To maintain credibility, the B Corporation certification standard operates under principles that are independent, comprehensive, comparable, dynamic, and transparent. B Lab has an established standards advisory council that can independently make decisions with or without the support of B Lab. As of
309:
On completing the assessment, a company is required to meet certain transparency requirements and background checks to become a certified B Corp. These requirements are: an in-depth review of public record of the companies, employees, products and other relative topics and randomised site visits.
223:
To obtain a B Corporation certification, a company first completes an online assessment. Companies that earn a minimum score of 80 out of 200 points undergo an assessment review process, essentially a conference call verifying the claims made in their assessment. Companies are required to provide
247:
and environmentally-focused business model points ultimately are accrued in their relevant impact area (governance, workers, community or environment). Depending on a company's industry, geographic location, and number of employees, the online assessment adjusts the weightings of the question
412:'s Certification as a B Corp, considering only 28% of their aluminum capsules are recycled. B Lab’s decision to certify corporations with single use products, effectively putting these companies into the category of good corporate citizens, has resulted in accusations of
114:
As a matter of law, in
Massachusetts or states that recognize B Corporation certification, it doesn't bring any legal significance to its shareholders, stakeholders or to its employees. However, the certification brings a multitude of branding tools to the corporation.
162:
which are voluntary consensus-based. With potential for confusion and fragmentation in the marketplace for social responsibility. B Corporation has also been criticized for not being the "force for radical change" required to tackle the world's pressing problems.
256:
May 2014, 28 of 30 members were listed by their business affiliation. The council recommends improvements to the B Corp assessment on a biennial basis. There is a 30-day public consultation period before releasing a new version of the B Corporation assessment.
267:
Certification also requires companies to integrate their stakeholder commitments into the company governing documents. In the United States, the avenue for corporations making the legal amendment to certify will depend on the state in which they are
405:, a Fully Certified B Corp, was accused by former staff as having a "rotten culture". BrewDog's B Corp status was subsequently rescinded. In 2024, B Corp-certified bottled water brand Aqua topped the audit of Indonesia’s biggest plastic polluters.
300:
The fact that B Corp standards are not legally enforceable, and that none of a companies' governing bodies and leadership are liable for damages if a company fails to meet them has also been flagged as a problem.
206:
B Lab certification is privately issued by a non-profit organization run by people principally from the business community. It has no legislative framework, and is not needed to obtain benefit corporation status.
151:
In order to obtain and maintain a B Corporation certification, B Lab charges annual administrative and legal fees depending on the revenue generated by the respective companies which could result in a
73:
organization. To be granted and to maintain certification, companies must receive a minimum score of 80 from an assessment of its social and environmental performance, integrate B Corp commitments to
629:
1402:
111:
An issue in deciding to be a certified B Corporation would be the administrative and legal costs a corporation will face in changing their business model in accordance to B Lab's regulations.
416:. B-Corp is described as “capitalism through certification," with calls for more fundamental reforms that prioritize shared prosperity, democracy in the workplace, and sustainability.
1996:
1795:
479:. This non-profit adapts proprietary certifications and evaluation metrics and modifies both to the context of each country. B Lab also assists Sistema B in incorporating a
2021:
975:
126:
apart from its business model structure which should adhere to the B Labs. To add on, many C corporations usually adapt the B Corporation certificate to gain goodwill.
1663:
How is the B Corp
Movement influencing the future of Capitalism? An analysis of the motivations and the factors impacting the B Corp certification and decertification
1567:
108:
to the public according to the score they receive on the assessment. B Lab certification applies to the whole company across all product lines and issue areas.
1825:
André, Rae (2012). "Assessing the
Accountability of the Benefit Corporation: Will This New Gray Sector Organization Enhance Corporate Social Responsibility?".
1172:
733:
199:
is a legal status conferred by state law in the US. Legislation for the passage of benefit corporation legal status has been passed in 35 states, including
656:
1093:
919:
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categories to increase its relevancy. For instance, companies with more employees will have a heavier weighting in the workers category, and companies in
1445:
1426:
325:
A corporation displaying signage in their workplace highlighting that they are B certified with a description of what that certification entails.
455:. The most active community outside of the United States is Sistema B. Since 2012, Sistema B has been the adaptation of the B Corps movement in
1351:
1114:
2073:
1901:
826:
792:
611:
1682:
497:
2009:
1376:
1642:
904:
Not Fit-for-Purpose The Grand
Experiment of Multi-Stakeholder Initiatives in Corporate Accountability, Human Rights and Global Governance
1943:
Johnstone, Harvey; Lionais, Doug (2004). "Depleted communities and community business entrepreneurship: revaluing space through place".
1068:
944:
1933:
1799:
1043:
1720:
136:
B Lab certification has no legal status and is lacking in mandatory due diligence mechanisms. B Lab has been criticized for framing
215:
The company needs to adhere their corporate legal structure to B-Lab regulation in order to qualify for the certification process.
1013:
2078:
2035:
685:
287:
Define "stakeholders" as their employees, the community, the environment, suppliers, customers, as well as existing shareholders.
1534:
984:
507:
133:, certified B Corporations and their employees have access to a number of discounts from outside entities and fellow members.
2088:
37:
1701:
81:, and pay an annual fee based on annual sales. Companies must re-certify every three years to retain B Corporation status.
2093:
1469:
594:
Gerner-Beuerle, Carsten; Schillig, Michael (2019-04-29), "Legal and
Theoretical Foundations of the Business Corporation",
1507:
1493:
492:
1855:
1247:
759:
512:
178:
141:
977:
B Corporations, Benefit
Corporations and Social Purpose Corporations: Launching a New Era of Impact-Driven Companies
816:
1273:
866:
517:
1911:
Deskins, Michael R. (2011). "Benefit
Corporation Legislation, Version 1.0—A Breakthrough in Stakeholder Rights?".
439:
In
February 2022, there were over 4,673 certified B Corporations across 155 industries in 78 countries, including
1047:
408:
In 2022, 30 Certified B Corps joined together with certification watchdog Fair World
Project to petition against
277:
227:
The assessment covers the company's entire operation and measures the positive impact of the company in areas of
1982:
Lacovara, Christopher (2011). "Strange
Creatures: A Hybrid Approach to Fiduciary Duty in Benefit Corporations".
664:
269:
105:
66:
760:"Making a Difference (and a Profit): Advantages and Disadvantages of Forming or Converting into a "B" Entity"
2083:
2004:
1893:
1773:"In Just a Few Months, Sistema B (AKA: B Corp) Finds Fertile Ground for Social Enterprises in Latin America"
923:
390:
159:
1220:
2026:
1952:
842:
84:
As of February 2024, there are 8,254 certified B Corporations across 162 industries in 96 countries.
58:
101:
181:
may adopt weak or narrow standards that better serve corporate interests than rights holder interests.
522:
502:
350:
249:
240:
228:
200:
41:
Certified B Corporation logo mark. This B Corp mark can only be used by companies certified by B Lab.
1957:
1297:
480:
380:
360:
232:
196:
190:
167:
70:
31:
335:
1970:
1842:
365:
152:
74:
907:. San Francisco: Institute for Multi-Stakeholder Initiative Integrity: MSI Integrity. July 2020.
1744:
Wilburn, Kathleen; Wilburn, Ralph (2014). "The double bottom line: Profit and social benefit".
1599:
1568:"B Corp-certified bottled water brand Aqua tops audit of Indonesia's biggest plastic polluters"
1929:
1897:
1623:
1575:
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1196:
822:
798:
788:
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236:
158:
B Lab develops private standards which are non-consensus, and does not reference or adhere to
123:
17:
1992:
1962:
1834:
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952:
599:
259:
Currently the B Corp Impact Assessment is its sixth version which released in January 2019.
1248:"Ben & Jerry's Becomes B-Corp Certified, Adds Credibility To Impact Investing Movement"
1173:"B Corp certification won't guarantee companies really care for people, planet and profit"
734:"B Corp certification won't guarantee companies really care for people, planet and profit"
385:
244:
2057:
1888:
Davis, Kevin E.; Fisher, Angelina; Kingsbury, Benedict; Merry, Sally Engle, eds. (2012).
603:
293:
Allowing for the company's values to exist under new management, investors, or ownership.
1446:"The B Corp Revolution: How Companies like Patagonia Are Driving Positive Social Change"
1772:
375:
137:
920:"Delaware Just Made It A Whole Lot Easier For Socially Responsible Companies To Exist"
30:
This article is about a private certification. For the legal corporate structure, see
2067:
1846:
902:
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340:
171:
145:
130:
119:
1974:
1352:"Ethique has been named the most environmentally responsible company in New Zealand"
711:
1512:
1021:
448:
413:
1327:
712:"The Implications of the B Corp Movement in the Business and Human Rights Context"
276:
The establishment of clear wording to "consider stakeholder interests" in company
1757:
1148:
1966:
452:
92:
1403:"Meow Wolf Denver set to astonish: A 'trippy' wonderland of art, culture, food"
884:
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and environmental performance standards, meet accountability standards, and be
1838:
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802:
1870:
460:
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428:
409:
370:
330:
1890:
Governance by Indicators: Global Power through Classification and Rankings
1094:"Corporate Social Responsibility Comes In Many Flavors, Some Not So Tasty"
787:. Dauchy, Craig E., 1949- (Fifth ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.
100:
B Lab certification is a third-party standard requiring companies to meet
1683:"As greenwashing soars, some people are questioning B Corp certification"
476:
345:
297:
However, B Lab certification allows the company bylaws to remain secret.
46:
846:
472:
402:
355:
1643:"B Corp gold standard may just encourage green-washing, critics claim"
843:"Purpose over profit: are B-Corps the future of sustainable business?"
542:
464:
440:
395:
281:
78:
1624:"Nespresso: Known for Human Rights Violations, Now B Corp Certified"
974:
Network for Business Innovation and Sustainability (October 2012).
1118:
1072:
1017:
948:
689:
573:
468:
420:
321:
320:
62:
36:
1149:"OLR Backgrounder: Social Enterprise and the Benefit Corporation"
1508:"Former BrewDog staff accuse craft beer firm of culture of fear"
569:
2051:
758:
Ginsburg, Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner-Aaron B (8 March 2018).
27:
Social and environmental certification of for-profit companies
1377:"Award-winning ice cream shop makes a new home in Cincinnati"
1856:"What's Wrong—and What's Right—with Stakeholder Management"
252:
will have a heavier weighting in the environment category.
2022:"Benefit Corporations—A Sustainable Form of Organization?"
1427:"New England Biolabs Achieves B Corporation Certification"
243:, as well as the product or service the company provides.
118:
B Corp certification will bring no legal liabilities to a
1926:
Winners Take All: The Elite Charade of Changing the World
716:
Notre Dame Journal of International & Comparative Law
821:. International Organization for Standardization. 2010.
564:
562:
1721:"Havas Agencies Lose B Corp Status Over Work For Shell"
1151:. State of Connecticut, Office of Legislative Research.
69:. B Corp certification is conferred by B Lab, a global
1702:"B Corp: The Certification that won't save the planet"
1197:"Certification Requirements | Certified B Corporation"
1138:
See Boatright (2006) and Johnstone and Lionais (2004).
1796:"B Lab and Sistema B Partner to take B Corps Global"
630:"Benefit Corporations Have Arrived in Massachusetts"
310:
Companies are required to re-certify every 3 years.
224:
supporting documentation before they are certified.
1670:(Thesis). Louvain School of Management. p. 38.
290:No prioritization of one stakeholder over another.
1401:Gazette, Dennis Huspeni The (16 September 2021).
651:
649:
1535:"BrewDog loses its ethical B Corp certificate"
657:"Benefit Corporations & Certified B Corps"
1470:"Greenvest becomes a Certified B Corporation"
1274:"The Body Shop achieves B Corp certification"
818:International standards and private standards
8:
785:The entrepreneur's guide to law and strategy
1945:Entrepreneurship & Regional Development
1771:Camacho, Manuel Antonio (August 15, 2012).
166:B Lab certification is not accredited. The
2056:
867:"Proposal for a Directive on Green Claims"
598:, Oxford University Press, pp. 3–84,
305:Verification and transparency requirements
170:proposed directive will require mandatory
1956:
1689:. British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC).
1221:"Nespresso achieves B Corp certification"
783:Bagley, Constance E. (21 February 2017).
543:"Certification | Certified B Corporation"
1798:. Social Enterprise Buzz. Archived from
1533:Sweney, Mark; Davies, Rob (2022-12-01).
1298:"Coursera Receives B Corp Certification"
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1008:
1006:
1004:
91:
534:
96:Example of a B Corp certification label
1044:"AB 361 Assembly Bill - BILL ANALYSIS"
483:distinction into local legal systems.
1322:
1320:
1318:
7:
624:
622:
498:Low-profit limited liability company
185:Distinction from benefit corporation
179:Multi-Stakeholder Initiatives (MSIs)
1272:Prance-Miles, Louise (2019-09-27).
1171:O'Regan, Michael (7 October 2019).
1096:. NonProfit Times Publishing Group.
1794:Ip, Melissa (September 26, 2012).
604:10.1093/oso/9780199572205.003.0001
25:
1997:"Make Your Values Mean Something"
1630:. Fair World Project. 4 May 2022.
983:. NBIS. p. 2. Archived from
918:Schwartz, Ariel (July 23, 2013).
1600:"The B Corp Standard is at Risk"
686:"Save Money and Access Services"
318:Notable B Corporations include:
1246:Van Brussel, Joe (2012-10-23).
508:Corporate social responsibility
1719:Ormesher, Ellen (2024-07-18).
1:
2020:Reiser, Dana Brakman (2011).
1863:Journal of Private Enterprise
18:B corporation (certification)
2074:B Lab-certified corporations
1984:Columbia Business Law Review
1924:Giridharadas, Anand (2018).
1869:(2): 106–130. Archived from
1758:10.1016/j.bushor.2013.10.001
1069:"Standards Advisory Council"
493:List of benefit corporations
142:multi-stakeholder governance
1967:10.1080/0898562042000197117
1854:Boatright, John R. (2006).
1566:Hicks, Robin (2024-02-20).
1375:LeBus, Mary (4 July 2023).
1115:"Corporation Legal Roadmap"
513:Multistakeholder governance
79:company governing documents
2110:
1913:Lewis and Clark Law Review
1827:Journal of Business Ethics
1660:David, Philippine (2020).
518:Social purpose corporation
188:
29:
1839:10.1007/s10551-012-1254-1
1700:O'Regan, Michael (2023).
1474:Vermont Business Magazine
1161:See Lencioni (July 2002).
1048:California State Assembly
871:environment.ec.europa.eu/
278:articles of incorporation
1494:"Weleda is now a B Corp"
1407:Colorado Springs Gazette
1328:"B Corps Grow Up (SSIR)"
195:In the United States, a
2079:Social entrepreneurship
2005:Harvard Business Review
1894:Oxford University Press
924:Fast Company & Inc.
710:Woods, Cindy S (2016).
596:Comparative Company Law
391:Seventh Generation Inc.
160:international standards
2027:Wake Forest Law Review
1450:ideas.bkconnection.com
873:. European Commission.
435:International adoption
326:
314:Notable B Corporations
97:
59:for-profit corporation
42:
2089:Product certification
2034:: 591. Archived from
1278:Global Cosmetics News
1024:on September 30, 2012
885:"About Our Standards"
427:status over work for
324:
211:Certification process
189:Further information:
131:business associations
102:social sustainability
95:
40:
2094:Benefit corporations
1993:Lencioni, Patrick M.
1681:Bennett, Elizabeth.
1628:fairworldproject.org
1604:fairworldproject.org
523:Sustainable business
503:Corporate governance
423:agencies lost their
351:Danone North America
144:as a substitute for
1641:Bullock, Caroline.
661:Benefit Corporation
570:"B Lab Global Site"
481:benefit corporation
419:In July 2024, four
381:New England Biolabs
197:benefit corporation
191:Benefit corporation
168:European Commission
124:business structures
32:benefit corporation
1014:"GIIRS Governance"
945:"What Are B Corps"
366:Laureate Education
331:Nestle (Nespresso)
327:
153:perverse incentive
122:or any for-profit
98:
43:
1903:978-0-19-965824-4
1775:. NextBillion.net
1746:Business Horizons
1708:. Stir to Action.
1668:dial.uclouvain.be
1302:blog.coursera.org
828:978-92-67-10518-5
794:978-1-285-42849-9
613:978-0-19-957220-5
336:Ben & Jerry's
219:Online assessment
129:Similar to other
16:(Redirected from
2101:
2060:
2055:
2054:
2052:Official website
2039:
2016:
2014:
2008:. Archived from
2001:
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951:. Archived from
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891:. B Corporation.
889:bcorporation.net
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764:www.lexology.com
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740:. 7 October 2019
738:The Conversation
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663:. Archived from
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547:bcorporation.net
539:
443:(78 companies),
361:Jeni's Ice Cream
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1819:Further reading
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1803:
1802:on 28 June 2017
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1252:Huffington Post
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1201:bcorporation.eu
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459:, including in
437:
386:Patagonia, Inc.
376:Natura & Co
316:
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282:company by-laws
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221:
213:
193:
187:
177:Private sector
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