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This nasal flute is made from a section of bamboo, pierced with nine holes. The entire surface is decorated with geometric patterns of different shapes, forming several registers in the vertical direction. To play the flute, a hole must be applied against one nostril while the other is blocked by the
98:
have survived for more than 40,000 years, to be discovered by archaeologists. While the oldest flutes currently known were found in Europe, Asia too has a long history with the instrument that has continued into the present day. In China, a playable bone flute was discovered, about 9000 years old.
2784:
2240:"New horizons: the world of African art music for flute: African art music offers rich programming opportunities, but scores often are unpublished and can be challenging to find. Insights are offered about some of Africa's foremost composers--among them the author's husband"
129:
The cross flute (Sanscrit: vāṃśī) was "the outstanding wind instrument of ancient India," according to Curt Sachs. He said that religious artwork depicting "celestial music" instruments was linked to music with an "aristocratic character." The Indian bamboo cross flute,
78:
Unknown where flutes developed. Flutes tens-of-thousands of years old have been discovered in Europe and Asia. Bamboo flutes spread from China and India, along silk road, and across the oceans to
Southeast Asia and Africa. Native Americans also made bamboo
2561:រន្ធ មាន បង្ហើរ ខ្យល់ ចោល មួយ ឬ ពីរ ស្ថិត នៅ លើ ក្រោម ឬ ចំហៀង តួ សម្រាប់ ជួយ តម្រូវ សំនៀង របស់ រន្ធ ចំ រន្ធ ទី ៧ ឬ រន្ធ ទី ៨ ។(translation: One or two vents on the bottom or side of the body to help adjust the tone of the seventh hole or eighth hole)
2432:
The following article is from The Great Soviet
Encyclopedia (1979)...An Uzbek and Tadzhik transverse flute...Depending on the material from which it is made the nai is called agach-nai (wooden), garau-nai (bamboo), misnai (tin), and brindgzhi-nai
1375:
2788:
948:
flute. Mouthhole on bottom of pipe's end, soundhole on flute's bottom (opposite side of the pipe from the fingerholes). This flute may have as many as 8 fingerholes, plus up to 2 additional thumbholes; the thumbholes offer additional notes.
214:(歌口, blowing edge) and inlay. The shakuhachi player blows as one would blow across the top of an empty bottle (though the shakuhachi has a sharp edge to blow against called utaguchi) and therefore has substantial pitch control.
1442:
2247:
191:(the hole faces away from the player, against the lower lip, making sure the top lip is not concealing the hole, when the instrument is played. Works on the same basics as blowing air over an empty bottle to create noise.)
250:
To produce sound, the player closes the top end of the pipe with the flesh between the chin and lower lip, and blows a stream of air downward, along the axis of the pipe, over an elliptical notch cut into the end.
299:
to produce the sound. Bamboo is a grass, and some "cane" or "reed" flutes may get listed here, as long as the plant is being used for a tube that is blown into or across to create noise. Types of flutes include
2013:
118:, often of bamboo) in the 12th-11th centuries b.c., followed by the chi (or ch'ih) in the 9th century b.c. and the yüeh in the 8th century b.c. Of these, the chi is the oldest documented cross flute or
2579:
295:
This list is intended to show flutes made of bamboo. It excludes pan flutes or panpipes, and flutes and whistles that don't have finger positions to change notes. It also excludes pipes that use
316:, also called duct flutes, may be added to the list as well, as long as they are bamboo-based instruments. The bamboo variant may be added for instruments that include wood and bamboo versions.
231:
Same technique as shakuhachi. The angle of the utaguchi (歌口, lit. "singing mouth"), or blowing edge, of a hotchiku is closer to perpendicular to the bore axis than that of a modern shakuhachi.
1281:
424:
2102:
1048:. The large hole in the middle is the blowing hole, and the three smaller holes on the top are finger holes. The two open ends of the tube are also used, played with the thumbs.
26:
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system of insufflation...placing a cane of conduit towards the mouth...to blow through the artificial "mouth"...due to the great distance from the normal mouth to the holes.
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256:
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102:
Historians have found the bamboo flute has a long history as well, especially China and India. Flutes made history in records and artworks starting in the
393:
1685:
Bamboo nose flute bound with bands of colored coconut fiber. Collected from Tahiti, the
Society Islands during Cook's voyages to the Pacific 1768–1780.
157:
In the modern age, bamboo flutes are common in places with ready access to bamboo, including Asia, South and
Southeast Asia, South America, and Africa.
2361:
1958:"Brookhaven Lab Expert Helps Date Flute Thought to be Oldest Playable Musical Instrument, Bone flute found in China at 9,000-year-old Neolithic site"
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2336:
2091:
2516:
1965:
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2034:(c. 400 B.C.) says the ch'ih was made of bamboo, its length was 16 inches, one hole opened upwards, and it was blown transversely.
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35:
2018:
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2682:"Haamra Lokbaajaaharu (translation with subtitle: Our Musical Instruments, 'A course book for school children.')"
255:
2668:...a flute originally from South America, from the Andean zone (Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile and Argentina...
800:
2576:
2980:
2358:
2166:
Banshi...\transverse flute...made from bamboo with six finger holes...known as Lord
Krishna's instrument.
1177:
1342:
61:
1891:
1745:
1727:
461:
367:
44:
1252:
2955:
2604:
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2178:
Akrofi, Eric (2016-11-30). "Personalities in World Music
Education No 14 – J.H. Kwabena Nketia".
1804:
443:
95:
2858:
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808:
803:
depicted an end-blown flute, called
Bansuri (like the side-blown flute), being played nasally.
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Musician playing a large bansuri; the larger instrument is lower toned than a smaller bansuri.
107:
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2183:
2009:"Ancient Chinese Musical Instrument's Depicted On Some Of The Early Monuments In The Museum"
1957:
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94:, especially the bone flute, is one of the oldest musical instruments known. Examples of
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that creates a hole to blow through, channeling air through a duct to create sound.
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An
Invitation to Kagura: Hidden Gem of the Traditional Japanese Performing Arts
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2083:– via Graduate Institute of Musicology at National Taiwan University.
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http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/43335pg5
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Thailand. A block has been put into the end of the flute, an internal
2689:
The
Ministry of Education, Curriculum Department of Nepal Government
1823:
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1631:
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drum. The musician plays the flute one handed while playing the drum.
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90:
2014:
University of
Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
994:
flute. Mouthhole on top of pipe's end, soundhole on flute's top.
2031:
1716:
1364:
1040:
927:
648:
626:
586:
371:
A group of bansuri flutes, grouped low pitched to high pitched.
106:. The oldest written sources reveal the Chinese were using the
2154:. Katmandu, Nepal: Nepali Folk Instrument Museum. p. 45.
2139:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 158–159, 180.
1226:
1553:
All but the bottom flute are shinobue. The bottom flute is a
1411:
Quena, made from American species of bamboos, (bamboo genera
2575:, et al. "Japan." Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online.
1997:. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. pp. 178–179.
2771:
Enciclopedia Digital de la Provincia de Salta, Argentina
2750:
Enciclopedia Digital de la Provincia de Salta, Argentina
2068:(PhD thesis). Humboldt-University Berlin. Archived from
1646:
Woman playing a suling transverse bamboo flute, from
122:, and was made from bamboo. The Chinese have a word,
2541:"ប្រវត្តិ "ខ្លុយ" (translation:History of the Khloy"
514:
Group of dizi flutes in different sizes and pitches.
428:Public performance by Newar musicians with flutes,
74:
60:
50:
43:
2505:. New York, US: Taylor & Francis. p. 97.
2090:
1620:Man playing end-blown suling, a bamboo ring flute.
2925:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 49.
146:appeared in reliefs from the 1st century a.d. at
291:List of bamboo flutes, cane flutes, reed flutes
2501:. In Miller, Terry E.; Williams, Sean (eds.).
1725:
2761:
2759:
2503:The Garland Handbook of Southeast Asian Music
8:
1587:
1577:
575:
565:
19:
861:, in the middle a junggeum, to the right a
16:Musical instruments, flutes, made of bamboo
2956:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.L2281949
2609:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1922:
1920:
1015:Komabue in the Metropolitan Museum of Arts
726:Seven holes on the front, two in the back
308:(ring flutes are included with these) and
2238:Onovwerosuoke, Wendy Hymes (2008-01-01).
2101:(PhD thesis). Humbolt University Berlin.
259:Blowing tip of Quena flute, South America
2372:, July 29, 2016. Retrieved May 23, 2021.
2180:International Journal of Music Education
2130:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2046:
2044:
2042:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1982:
318:
170:
126:, which literally means "bamboo flute."
2535:
2533:
1916:
142:art with the instrument. In India, the
34:playing flute with his herd of cows in
2602:
2097:): Physics and Perception of its Tones
2065:): Physics and Perception of its Tones
1419:. Also the tokhoro, a species of cane.
18:
2923:Musical Instruments of Southeast Asia
7:
2767:"Materials and manufacture of quena"
2551:from the original on 5 December 2020
2308:"Pablo Salcedo. World Flutes Master"
1285:Paiwanese nose flute with two pipes.
1346:Palwei, a Myanmar transverse flute.
2359:"Friscalettu: Sicily's Reed Flute"
2137:The History of Musical Instruments
2089:Chen Gia Tsai (28 November 2003).
1995:The History of Musical Instruments
1938:from the original on 11 April 2022
1928:"Earliest music instruments found"
14:
2946:Thrasher, Alan R. (2015). "Yue".
2785:"Instrumentos del mundo: Ryuteki"
2469:. David Petersen. pp. 275–.
2105:from the original on 30 June 2023
2746:"Pincullo - Pinkullo o Pinkullu"
2053:"Chinese flutes and their music"
1184:United States (Native American)
154:from the 2nd-4th centuries a.d.
25:
2727:from the original on 2020-02-22
2698:from the original on 2021-10-17
2659:from the original on 2020-02-06
2631:from the original on 2020-11-30
2519:from the original on 2023-06-30
2423:from the original on 2021-04-13
2394:from the original on 2019-09-07
2318:from the original on 2020-02-22
2288:from the original on 2023-06-30
2250:from the original on 2023-06-30
2220:from the original on 2019-10-21
2021:from the original on 2021-08-18
1968:from the original on 2002-02-25
1211:Bottom, a Nohkan. The rest are
62:Hornbostel–Sachs classification
2499:"The Khmer People of Cambodia"
1962:Brookhaven National Laboratory
1828:
1772:
1588:
1578:
576:
499:
1:
2463:David Petersen (March 2007).
2271:Classical musical instruments
2210:"Atenteben - Ghanian whistle"
304:(also called cross flutes),
36:Bucesvara Temple, Koravangala
2787:(in Spanish). Archived from
2370:Experiencesicily.com website
2152:Musical Instruments of Nepal
2093:The Chinese Membrane Flute (
2061:The Chinese Membrane Flute (
167:End blown flute mouthpieces
2997:
2680:Kadel, Ram Prasad (2006).
2188:10.1177/025576149201900106
2150:Kadel, Ram Prasad (2007).
2879:"Shinobue (Bamboo flute)"
2717:"Palandag, Group: Bagobo"
2268:Suneera Kasliwal (2004).
2087:This text appears to be:
1813:
1726:
1332:(German Knowledge (XXG))
964:
911:
775:India nose-flute bansuri
566:
488:
70:421.12 Side-blown flutes)
24:
2691:(in Nepali). p. 7.
2384:"HOCHIKU vs. SHAKUHACHI"
2274:. Rupa. pp. 85–86.
138:, and he is depicted in
110:(a reed instrument) and
68:(421.11 End-blown flutes
2545:choukhmer.wordpress.com
801:Frans Balthazar Solvyns
764:Uzbekistan, Tajikistan
325:Name in other language
96:Paleolithic bone flutes
2595:Wang, Lisheng (2007).
2452:on September 28, 2007.
1863:
1794:
1706:
1676:
1651:
1621:
1558:
1499:
1471:
1445:
1420:
1386:
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590:
545:
515:
433:
398:
372:
283:
260:
239:
222:
199:
2921:Taylor, Eric (1989).
2597:Introduction to Koudi
2497:Sam-Ang, Sam (2008).
2417:thefreedictionary.com
1862:
1793:
1705:
1675:
1645:
1619:
1552:
1498:
1470:
1444:
1410:
1377:
1345:
1318:
1284:
1240:
1210:
1178:Native American flute
1128:
1088:Nose flute on Sarawak
1087:
1073:Malaysian nose flute
1043:
1014:
976:
930:
891:
856:
789:
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693:
629:
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513:
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396:
370:
282:
258:
238:
221:
198:
2312:www.pablosalcedo.org
2216:. 8 September 2013.
2135:Sachs, Kurt (1940).
1993:Sachs, Kurt (1940).
1777:Simplified Chinese:
1661:Tahitian nose flute
2840:新都山流 心安らぐあたたかな音色 尺八
2815:Tieng Hat Que Huong
2113:– via Scribd.
2075:on 22 February 2014
45:Woodwind instrument
21:
2948:Grove Music Online
2864:2020-02-24 at the
2845:2021-05-08 at the
2821:on 3 November 2003
2791:on 1 December 2017
2773:. 16 October 2017.
2582:2022-12-26 at the
2364:2022-08-08 at the
1864:
1795:
1707:
1677:
1652:
1638:Papua, New Guinea
1622:
1559:
1500:
1472:
1446:
1421:
1387:
1348:
1320:
1295:Instrument of the
1287:
1270:Paiwan nose flute
1243:
1217:
1130:
1090:
1050:
1017:
978:
932:
893:
867:
791:
750:
695:
679:Fijian nose flute
631:
591:
546:
516:
434:
399:
373:
284:
261:
240:
223:
200:
2625:"MOXEÑO o MOSEÑO"
2476:978-1-84753-006-6
2281:978-81-291-0425-0
2244:Flutist Quarterly
2214:The Kwela Project
1908:
1907:
1648:Papua, New Guinea
881:(Japanese: 神楽笛))
302:transverse flutes
288:
287:
83:
82:
2988:
2960:
2959:
2943:
2937:
2936:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2899:. Archived from
2893:
2887:
2886:
2881:. Archived from
2875:
2869:
2856:
2850:
2837:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2817:. Archived from
2807:
2801:
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2781:
2775:
2774:
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2736:
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2527:
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2448:. Archived from
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2436:
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2429:
2428:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2379:
2373:
2357:Scola, Allison.
2355:
2349:
2348:
2343:. Archived from
2341:Grinnell College
2333:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2306:Salcedo, Pablo.
2303:
2297:
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966:
923:Myanmar (Burma)
913:
799:In 1799, artist
579:
578:
569:
568:
501:
492:
322:Name in English
319:
306:end-blown flutes
171:
134:, was sacred to
120:transverse flute
29:
22:
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2866:Wayback Machine
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2847:Wayback Machine
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2589:
2584:Wayback Machine
2571:
2567:
2554:
2552:
2547:. 6 July 2010.
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2366:Wayback Machine
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2051:Chen-Gia Tsai.
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2022:
2007:
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1992:
1991:
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1969:
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1934:. 25 May 2012.
1926:
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1369:Andes mountains
1147:Andes mountains
1113:
1032:
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612:
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328:Place / Region
293:
169:
116:end-blown flute
69:
67:
39:
38:. 12th century.
17:
12:
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2885:on 2008-02-09.
2870:
2859:公益財団法人 都山流尺八学会
2851:
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2776:
2755:
2737:
2708:
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2587:
2573:Shigeo Kishibe
2565:
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2455:
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2374:
2350:
2347:on 2016-01-01.
2328:
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2201:
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2161:978-9994688302
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1335:Burmese: ပလွေ
1333:
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1034:
1033:pinyin: kǒudí
1029:
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1008:
1005:
1004:Japanese: 高麗笛
1002:
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162:Chinese flutes
81:
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72:
71:
64:
58:
57:
54:
52:Classification
48:
47:
41:
40:
30:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2993:
2982:
2981:Bamboo flutes
2979:
2977:
2974:
2973:
2971:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2942:
2939:
2934:
2932:0-19-588894-4
2928:
2924:
2917:
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2903:on 2007-09-28
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2512:9781135901547
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2382:Deaver, Tom.
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1417:Rhipidocladum
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1297:Paiwan people
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348:
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327:
324:
321:
320:
317:
315:
314:Fipple flutes
311:
307:
303:
298:
290:
281:
277:
274:
270:
268:
265:
264:
257:
253:
249:
247:
244:
243:
237:
233:
230:
227:
226:
220:
216:
213:
210:Kinko school
209:
207:
204:
203:
197:
193:
190:
188:blowing hole
187:
184:
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179:
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117:
114:(or xiao, an
113:
109:
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100:
97:
93:
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89:
77:
73:
65:
63:
59:
55:
53:
49:
46:
42:
37:
33:
28:
23:
2947:
2941:
2922:
2916:
2905:. Retrieved
2901:the original
2897:"문예진흥원 홈페이지"
2891:
2883:the original
2873:
2854:
2835:
2825:14 September
2823:. Retrieved
2819:the original
2814:
2805:
2793:. Retrieved
2789:the original
2779:
2770:
2749:
2740:
2729:. Retrieved
2720:
2711:
2700:. Retrieved
2688:
2675:
2667:
2661:. Retrieved
2647:
2639:
2633:. Retrieved
2619:
2596:
2590:
2568:
2560:
2553:. Retrieved
2544:
2521:. Retrieved
2502:
2492:
2480:. Retrieved
2465:
2458:
2450:the original
2446:"문예진흥원 홈페이지"
2440:
2431:
2425:. Retrieved
2416:
2407:
2396:. Retrieved
2387:
2377:
2369:
2353:
2345:the original
2340:
2331:
2320:. Retrieved
2311:
2301:
2290:. Retrieved
2270:
2263:
2252:. Retrieved
2243:
2233:
2222:. Retrieved
2213:
2204:
2179:
2173:
2165:
2151:
2145:
2136:
2107:. Retrieved
2096:
2092:
2077:. Retrieved
2070:the original
2064:
2060:
2029:
2023:. Retrieved
2012:
2003:
1994:
1970:. Retrieved
1961:
1952:
1940:. Retrieved
1931:
1827:
1782:Pinyan: xiāo
1527:
1311:Philippines
1253:Ohe Hano Ihu
1105:or shinteki
1045:
498:
337:Description
294:
211:
177:Description
159:
156:
128:
123:
104:Zhou dynasty
101:
86:
84:
20:Bamboo flute
2795:11 November
2109:30 November
2079:15 February
1942:30 November
1695:Korean: 퉁소
1586::
1576::
1512:or takebue
1299:of Taiwan.
1241:Turkish ney
1114:shinteki: (
1031:Chinese: 口笛
781:West Bengal
710:Friscolettu
444:Bata Nalawa
363:Bangladesh
310:Nose flutes
144:cross flute
2970:Categories
2907:2007-09-28
2811:"Sáo trúc"
2731:2020-11-30
2702:2020-11-30
2663:2020-12-01
2653:"La Quena"
2635:2020-12-01
2555:5 December
2523:2020-11-30
2427:2020-11-30
2398:2020-11-30
2388:shikan.org
2322:2015-09-29
2292:2020-11-30
2254:2019-11-20
2224:2019-10-21
2025:2020-11-30
1972:2020-11-30
1911:References
1681:Nose flute
1612:Indonesia
1528:Takebue:
1515:Shinobue:
1482:Shakuhachi
1381:flute and
1291:Nose flute
1108:minteki: (
1094:Nose flute
1066:Indonesia
759:Garau-nai
699:Nose flute
450:Sri Lanka
334:Soundhole
206:Shakuhachi
2721:kipas.nl/
2605:cite book
2246:: 16–26.
2196:143945839
2182:: 41–45.
1460:Sáo trúc
1413:Aulonemia
989:end-blown
969:Thailand
943:end-blown
877:Kagurabue
704:fingers.
685:Viti Levu
530:(Korean:
413:(Nepali:
343:Atenteben
228:Hotchiku
152:Amaravati
75:Developed
2862:Archived
2843:Archived
2725:Archived
2693:Archived
2657:Archived
2629:Archived
2599:. China.
2580:Archived
2549:Archived
2517:Archived
2421:Archived
2392:Archived
2362:Archived
2316:Archived
2286:Archived
2248:Archived
2218:Archived
2103:Archived
2019:Archived
1966:Archived
1936:Archived
1932:BBC News
1752:Myanmar
1722:Sanskrit
1510:Shinobue
1463:Vietnam
1379:Pinkillu
1358:Pinkillu
1338:Myanmar
1305:Palendag
1213:shinobue
981:internal
935:internal
921:Cambodia
827:Junggeum
732:Hotchiku
574: :
564: :
558:or Jeok
556:Dangjeok
430:Lalitpur
409:Bām̐surī
331:Picture
212:utaguchi
180:Picture
56:woodwind
2482:17 July
2433:(brass)
2337:"TANSO"
1874:Yokobue
1810:Chinese
1769:Chinese
1431:Ryūteki
1259:Hawaii
1118:: 清笛))
1103:Minteki
1079:Sarawak
1000:Komabue
918:: ပုလွ
916:Burmese
859:daegeum
716:Sicily
645:دونَلی
562:Hangeul
526:Daegeum
485:Chinese
415:बाँसुरी
383:Bansuri
357:Bansuri
136:Krishna
132:Bansuri
79:flutes.
32:Krishna
2976:Flutes
2929:
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2194:
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2032:Erh Ya
1898:China
1880:Japan
1855:Korea
1834:China
1826::
1824:pinyin
1812::
1786:China
1771::
1734:India
1698:Korea
1691:Tongso
1667:Tahiti
1632:Suling
1606:Suling
1594:Korea
1584:Korean
1574:Korean
1569:Sogeum
1555:Nohkan
1545:Japan
1491:Japan
1437:Japan
1403:Andes
1330:Palwei
1276:Taiwan
1203:Japan
1196:Nohkan
1166:Nepal
1160:Murali
1140:Moseño
1121:Japan
1060:Lalove
1036:China
1007:Japan
984:fipple
938:fipple
884:Japan
857:Top a
849:Korea
832:Hangul
815:Korea
795:Fipple
741:Japan
722:fipple
668:China
662:Dongdi
641:Donali
622:Korea
606:Hangul
582:Korea
537:Korea
506:China
497::
495:pinyin
487::
468:China
420:Nepal
389:India
349:Ghana
273:fipple
148:Sanchi
88:bamboo
2696:(PDF)
2685:(PDF)
2413:"Nai"
2192:S2CID
2073:(PDF)
2056:(PDF)
1829:xīndí
1805:Xindi
1534:kanji
1519:kanji
1397:Quena
1383:tinya
1233:Iran
1116:kanji
1110:kanji
1046:koudi
1027:Koudi
965:ขลุ่ย
955:Khlui
912:ខ្លុយ
908:Khmer
903:Khloy
840:Hanja
614:Hanja
601:Danso
572:hanja
297:reeds
267:Khlui
246:Quena
174:Name
160:See:
140:Hindu
124:zhudi
91:flute
2927:ISBN
2827:2013
2797:2017
2611:link
2557:2020
2507:ISBN
2484:2011
2471:ISBN
2276:ISBN
2156:ISBN
2111:2020
2095:dizi
2081:2014
2063:dizi
2030:The
1944:2020
1764:Xiao
1728:वेणु
1717:Venu
1365:Peru
1112:: 明笛
992:duct
961:Thai
946:duct
863:piri
649:Iran
500:dízi
480:Dizi
186:Xiao
150:and
112:hsio
108:kuan
85:The
2952:doi
2184:doi
1892:Yue
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1456:Sáo
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1227:Ney
1200:能管
462:Chi
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1589:小笒
1579:소금
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1487:尺八
1367:,
1044:A
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