Bani Zeid al-Gharbia - Knowledge (XXG)

1573:, an elementary-type school with Islamic law and tradition having a major influence on the curriculum. Today, there is one elementary school (Bani Zeid Elementary School) and one secondary school (Bashir al-Barghouti Secondary School) in the town of Bani Zeid, both run by the government. According to the Palestinian Ministry of Education and Higher Education, in the 2010-2011 academic year there were 26 classes occupied by 691 students, both male and female. There was 45 teaching staff. There are no kindergartens in Bani Zeid. The closest institution for higher learning is 4232: 94: 1658:) in its vicinity which served as visitation sites for the pre-20th-century Palestinian community. According to author and ethnographer Johann Bussow, their locations near Jerusalem also "contributed to the image of an Islamic Holy Land," which brought further prosperity to the inhabitants of the villages of Bani Zeid who benefited from providing services to pilgrims. The Barghouti family served as patrons for the various religious sheikhs who oversaw the shrines. The 1226:

village. The built-up areas of the town constitute 918 dunams, 832 of which is geared towards residential areas while the remaining 86 is used for commercial, industrial and transportation purposes. The town is surrounded by olive groves, which Bani Zeid is well known for, and 14,505 dunams are planted with olive trees. The old village center of Deir Ghassaneh consists of three quarters: Harat al-Barghouti (Harat al-Fauqa), Harat al-Shu'aibi and Harat al-Tahtani.

4239: 1002: 176: 1014: 848:(tax collector) of the Bani Zeid sheikdom on behalf of the Ottoman authorities, despite the ban on tax-farming in 1853. This role in particular enabled the Barghouti clan to acquire vast wealth and property either forcefully or through legal transfer. During previous inter-family disputes, members of the clan had begun to settle in the surrounding villages of Beit Rima, 391:. Until the present day, olive trees cover most of the town's cultivable land. However, the residents of Bani Zeid today largely derive their income from employment in the civil service and private business. There are a number of archaeological sites in Bani Zeid, including the old town of Deir Ghassaneh, the manor of Sheikh Salih al-Barghouti and the 101: 1050: 1166:. It has an average elevation of 510 meters (1,670 ft) above sea level. The northern part of the town (Deir Ghassaneh) is built on a hilltop with an elevation of roughly 450 meters above sea level. It overlooks the Wadi al-Saredah stream 1 kilometer (0.62 mi) to the north. Bani Zeid is located 17.5 kilometers (10.9 mi) north of 750:. The Bani Zeid sheikdom contained the highest slopes and the largest concentration of mountain faults of all the highland sheikdoms. About two-thirds of its villages were situated on relatively wide hilltops while the remainder were built along slopes. None were located in the valleys or the foothills. In 1838 English biblical scholars 1467:(roughly 1,200 people) was homogeneous, everyone being Muslim, and with the exception of five individuals, all the males had been born in the village. The estimated 9% of the inhabitants who were born outside the village were almost exclusively women, with one fifth of all females hailing primarily from other villages in the Bani Zeid 1514:(PCBS) in 1997, Bani Zeid had a population of 4,351 inhabitants. The gender make-up was 51.8% male and 49.2% female. More than half of the population was under the age of 20 (51.1%), while 27.7% were between the ages of 20 and 39, 15% between the ages of 40 and 64, and the remainder of the population being 65 or older (6%). 936:. According to the census, Deir Ghassaneh had 1,200 inhabitants living in 196 households, making it significantly larger than the surrounding localities. There were nine elite households, each of whose family head was recognized by the census as a sheikh. The local imam, Muhammad Shams al-Din al-Shaykh Hanafi, was 1559:

and private businesses is the dominant economic activity in Bani Zeid, making up around 70% of the town's workforce. The trade sector accounts for 10% of the labor force, followed by the industrial sector which makes up 8%. Work in the Israeli labor market employs around 2% of the working population.

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in Deir Ghassaneh, which Guérin regarded as noteworthy, was built from black and white stone. The home of Deir Ghassaneh's sheikh, who maintained a level of sovereignty over about 15 villages and hamlets in the area, and the members of his family, were particularly large and sturdily built. According

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in 1945, of which 90 dunams were classified as built-up areas (Deir Ghassaneh was larger than Beit Rima) and 8,400 dunams were planted with olive or fig groves. Today the Bani Zeid municipality has a jurisdiction of over 21,979 dunams, of which 80.6% is cultivable land. today Beit Rima is the larger

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An important feature that distinguished Maqam al-Khawwas from the Deir Ghassaneh mosque was that it acted primarily as a women's domain whereas the mosque had largely been a male domain. In the pre-British Mandate era, it was frequented by women on a daily basis and during a seasonal pilgrimage for

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According to the PCBS, in 2007 94.5% of the population over the age of 10 was literate. Of that demographic segment, 21.7% received elementary education, 24.8% received primary education and 20.2% had secondary education. Over 15% had completed some form of higher education (617 persons), with 248

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in 1945 both villages had a total population of 1,810. Beit Rima had a slightly larger population, but Deir Ghassaneh had a larger land area. In a 1961 census by Jordanian authorities, Deir Ghassaneh's population reached 1,461, but it declined drastically after more than half of the residents fled

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Ottoman village statistics from 1870 showed that "Der Ghassana" had 164 houses and a population of 559, while "Bet Rima" had 60 houses and a population of 220, though in both cases the population count included only men. In the Ottoman census of 1887, Deir Ghassaneh's population of 196 households

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and two officers from the Civil Police, and wounded seven others. The Palestinian authorities in Beit Rima stated they had not received prior warning from the IDF and their slain men had been resting in an olive grove near the local police station, while Israeli military officials stated all those

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clan of Jerusalem unsuccessfully attempted to form an alliance with the Barghouti clan, initially through diplomatic means. Afterward, they commissioned their allies in Istanbul to launch a propaganda campaign against the Barghouti clan, accusing them of undermining the sultan. This allegation was

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visited both Deir Ghassaneh and Beit Rima in 1863. He noted that the former had a population of roughly 900 and was built on a mountain overlooking hills filled with "magnificent" olive groves. Beit Rima had a smaller population of 350, and was situated on a high plateau covered with olive and fig

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and both villages paid taxes on wheat, barley, olive trees, fruit trees, vineyards, goats and/or beehives. Deir Ghassaneh had a population of 76 households, all Muslim, while Beit Rima had 54 Muslim households and 14 Christian households. During the course of the 16th century, most of Beit Rima's

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According to Amiry, Sheikh Salih's manor, along with other Barghouti family palace compounds, "was strongly influenced by urban architecture" in light of its "majestic scale, ornate fine stone work and the introverted spatial organisation." The manor, which has a rectangular ground plan, roughly

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would each serve as general commander of the revolt on a rotational basis. Deir Ghassaneh was subsequently attacked by British forces backed by fighter planes when they were informed of the conference. A rebel commander, Muhammad al-Salih, was killed in the ensuing firefight. The British Mandate

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In the second half of the 19th century Bani Zeid was officially ruled by Sheikh Salih al-Barghouti, although he struggled to maintain full authority over the sheikdom, having to contend with his Abwein-based rival Sheikh Musa and his family, al-Sahwil. The latter controlled seven villages in the

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had Sheikh 'Abd al-Jabir executed. He was succeeded by Sheikh Ali al-Rabbah, another leading Barghouti sheikh and a son of Sheikh Asi. The latter was also subsequently executed on the orders of Ibrahim Pasha. Both sheikhs and their peasant fighters had fought against Egyptian rule during the

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style with alternating black and white stone. A large, heavy and decorated wooden door is fitted into the gate and it was used to receive vehicles or large loads while a smaller door for personal use was built in the center of the larger door. A smaller secondary entrance was located at the

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for interrogation. Most were released before the day's end, but eleven men remained in Israeli custody, two of whom Israel alleged to be directly involved in Ze'evi's assassination. In the course of the raid, Israeli forces killed six Palestinians, including three members of the

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to a lesser degree. Only 1% of the town's residents own livestock and according to the Palestinian Ministry of Agriculture, there were 1,880 goats, 268 sheep, 12 cows and 281 beehives in Bani Zeid in 2009. Agriculture currently accounts for 10% of labor in the town.

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The late 19th-century chief of the Bani Zeid sheikhdom, Sheikh Salih al-Barghouti, resided in a large palace-like manor in Deir Ghassaneh. The first floor and portions of the second floor were originally built in 1602. In 1862-63 Sheikh Salih renovated the

534:, which means "very handsome" or suggests "youth and beauty". Casanowicz argues for its identification with Arimathea (Greek: Αριμαθεα) or Arimathaea (Ἀριμαθαία, Arimathaía), the reported home of Joseph of Arimathea, although others identify it with Ramla. 1620:

During an Israeli raid in Bani Zeid in 2007, two Hamas party members in the municipal council were arrested by Israeli authorities along with dozens of other Palestinian mayors, parliament members and ministers belonging to Hamas throughout the West Bank.

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region in charge of overseeing the personal assets of the sultan. In 1480 Deir Ghassaneh-based tribesmen from the Bani Zeid attacked Jerusalem as retaliation for the governor's execution of some of its members who had been accused of revolting against the

789:(1832–1840), Sheikh 'Abd al-Jabir al-Barghouti, a nephew of Sheikh Marif, served as the chief of the Bani Zeid. Sheikh 'Abd al-Jabir belonged to the al-Zahir branch of the family which was based in Deir Ghassaneh. Deir Ghassaneh served as the sheikdom's 1521:

According to the PCBS census of 2007, Bani Zeid had a population of 5,515, of which 49% were males and 51% females. There were 1,176 housing units and the average size of a household was five family members. The town's principal clans are al-Rimawi,

899:, with the exception of Sheikh Salih who apparently impressed the governor and was allowed to return to Deir Ghassaneh. The Barghouti clan would later support the Dar Hammad tribe against the Dar Hamid, both of which were engaged in a feud in nearby 1149:

was prevented from treating the injured men until 7:00 am, a delay that resulted in the death of two of the police officers. Israeli forces also demolished three homes in the town, alleging that they belonged to family members of Ze'evi's killers.

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in 2012, Abdel Karim Abu Aql was elected mayor on a leftist alliance list as were the other 12 people elected to the council. The elections were boycotted by Hamas. Bani Zeid has had six mayors since the establishment of the municipality in 1966.

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were also divided by status, with some bearing significance only to an individual village or clan and some collectively revered by the residents of the sheikhdom. Of all the sites in the Bani Zeid sheikhdom, the most venerated shrine was that of

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in 1187, Saladin's forces captured the city and the Ayyubid army was garrisoned there. The Bani Zeid temporarily resided in Jerusalem and a street, located near the present-day al-Sa'idia Street, was named after them, but has since been renamed.

746:. While its exact borders varied from time to time, it was generally marked by the Wadi al-Dilb stream to the south, which separated it from the Bani Harith al-Shamali sheikdom, and the Wadi Nattif stream to the north that separated it from 1538:

Historically, Deir Ghassaneh depended primarily on olive cultivation, and until the present day most of Bani Zeid's cultivable land is covered by olive orchards. The cultivation of other fruit trees is significantly lower, with

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was noted by Guérin in 1863. Its eastern dome was constructed by the residents of Deir Ghassaneh, while local legend holds the western dome was completed by angels. The interior of the domes were simple and typical of most

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A Mamluk-era (1260–1516) stone inscription belonging to an unidentified building in Deir Ghassaneh dating from 1330 describes a two-story "felicitous palace" with a garden. The palace was apparently an asset of the Sultan

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Antiquities Authority noted in a January 1947 report that Deir Ghassaneh was "built on a medieval site", and on a hill 500 meters (1,600 ft) west of the village was a two-domed shrine dedicated to a Sheikh Khawas.

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broke out into fierce clashes. Sheikh Salih was eventually able to compel the Ottoman authorities to take the local rulers of Nablus to task. The restive sheikhs of the Jerusalem and Hebron regions were called to

703:. The Ottomans imposed taxes on olive oil, wheat and barley, and the sheikh was responsible for paying the revenues of collected taxes to the Ottoman authorities. In addition, Bani Zeid was required to finance a 1507:

during the Six-Day War in June 1967. In 1982 there were 892 inhabitants in the town. Beit Rima had 2,165 inhabitants in 1961 and unlike Deir Ghassaneh, the population continued to grow, reaching 3,451 in 1987.

1800:, reflecting the Muslim tradition of heavenly light and spirit in the color white. A few verses from the Qur'an were written on parts of the walls. The tomb of al-Khawwas was covered in white cloth. A small 4198: 903:. In one day of fighting, 20 men were killed, prompting Sureya Pasha, the governor of Jerusalem, to personally intervene with a detachment of Ottoman troops which forced both factions to withdraw. 1454:

Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1985 to 2016.

4181: 1812:. During this pilgrimage, which coincided with the Nabi Salih pilgrimage, a largely male affair, large groups of women and children from the villages of Bani Zeid would visit the Khawwas 1502:

Deir Ghassaneh had 181 occupied houses and a population of 753, while Beit Rima had had 175 occupied houses and a population of 746, still all Muslim. In a land and population survey by

376:. When Fathiya Barghouti Rheime was elected mayor in 2005, Bani Zeid became the first Palestinian locality with a woman as head of the municipality, in concurrence with nearby Ramallah. 1796:

domes, lacking cross-vault roofing which was a common feature for most of Deir Ghassaneh's buildings. The sanctuary had a two-door entrance on its northern end. The interior walls were

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of 13 members, including the chairman (mayor) and vice-chairman, under the name Municipality of West Bani Zaid. In normal circumstances the town holds election every four years. In the

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Unemployment in the town was at 20% in 2011. According to the Bani Zeid Municipality, there are 26 grocery stores, 26 public service venues, 11 workshops, a bakery, a butchery and two

522:(b. 1937), Israeli professor of Islamic history and civilisation, this claim has been dismissed by a number of researchers since the Ghassanids did not have a history of settlement in 954:) in the late 19th century stated Deir Ghassaneh was "a village on a ridge, with springs in the valley below. It is of moderate size, built of stone and has olives beneath it." The 986:

gathered outside of Deir Ghassaneh, killing about 130 of the fighters. Later, in September 1938, the local rebel leadership held a meeting in the village where it was decided that

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security and administrative control in 2000. The next year it became the first Palestinian-controlled town to be known as the site of major operation by Israeli forces during the

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The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer

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which became known locally as "Saraya al-Sheikh Salih al-Barghouti" and built the remainder of the second floor. The building was divided into three main components, namely the

1069:. In 1972 the first municipal polls were held and Fa'eq Ali Rimawi was elected. In 1978 Bani Zeid was one of several Palestinian localities to append its municipal seal to the 612:

conquered the coastal strip of Palestine and expelled the last of the Crusaders, that the Bani Zeid tribe settled in the villages offered to them a century earlier by Saladin.

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In the early 19th century, the paramount sheikhs of Bani Zeid were Sheikh Marif al-Barghouti and Sheikh 'Asi al-Rabbah Barghouti. They belonged to the wealthy noble family of

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The average annual rainfall in the town is 592.9 millimeters (23.34 in) and average annual humidity is roughly 62%. Average temperature is 17.4 °C (63.3 °F).

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of Bani Zeid were designed differently, with some being rustic tombstones and others built more elaborately. The latter types consisted of a domed mausoleum known as a

1715:("religious endowments"). One of the shrines was considered by the local peasantry to be a place to safeguard firewood and outside the reach of potential thieves. The 810:

became the paramount sheikh of the Bani Zeid and continued to exercise great influence over the sheikdom when the Egyptian military withdrew from Palestine in 1841.

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In order for Saladin to persuade the Hejazi Arab tribes that joined his army to remain in Palestine, he offered each tribe a cluster of villages captured from the

762:(abandoned or ruined villages). They classified Deir Ghassaneh and Beit Rima as inhabited by Muslims. Residents from the al-Ramahi clan of Deir Ghassana settled 1128: 680:. While these villages were registered and organized like other villages in the Jerusalem Sanjak, they were also treated as a group. Each village was led by a 449:

In Deir Ghassaneh, sherds from all of the same periods, except Persian, have also been found. Small fragments of a marble column were found in Deir Ghassaneh.

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and the clan consisted of nine branches whose collective power extended beyond the Bani Zeid sheikdom to the coastal plain of Palestine. During the period of

1967:(1934-2009), PLO activist and member of parliament, and Mohammad Abdulsalam Barghouti, general secretary of the Arab Bank (1944-1952) are two more notables. 1498:, conducted by the British Mandatory authorities, "Dair Ghassaneh" had a population of 625, while "Bait Rema" had a population of 555, all Muslims. In the 1598: 4718: 4167: 1881:

measures 23 meters by 34 meters. An open courtyard occupied the central position of the manor. The courtyard was mostly enclosed by four partially open

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evidenced by the disruption of Jerusalem's water supply by the peasant fighters of the Bani Zeid led by Sheikh Salih, who closed off the aqueduct from

4231: 1605:-affiliated party won five municipal seats, including the post of mayor, which was won by a female candidate Fathiya Barghouti Rheime who, along with 4141: 128: 3117: 3097: 1996: 1511: 1119:(IDF) launched an incursion into Beit Rima in what became the first major Israeli military raid into Palestinian-controlled territory, according to 814:

eastern part of the sheikdom, while the Barghouti maintained control over twelve villages in the western part. The two domains were separated by a

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killed had either fired on Israeli forces or approached them threateningly and all were members of various armed groups. The HRW stated that the

803: 93: 4089: 3663: 3448: 1030: 2782: 1820:, Maqam al-Khawwas's isolation and the ritual of having to travel uphill to reach the sanctuary added to the tranquil feeling of the visit. 975: 353: 4248: 2747: 1594: 1141: 208: 43: 1158:

Bani Zeid is situated in the central highlands of the West Bank, off the southwestern cliffs of the mountainous spine that runs from the

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in the town, the Bani Zeid Mosque, the Abu Bakr al-Siddiq Mosque and the Omar ibn al-Khattab Mosque. By 2017, the population was 6,027.

1077:(PLO). The memorandum was a rejection of any solution, regardless of its origin, not containing a clear recognition of the right of the 777:, a sub-clan of the Bani Zeid tribe that traditionally provided the leaders of the sheikdom. Its members were generally referred to as 3628: 1001: 360:

rule, Deir Ghassaneh primarily served as the scene of rebel gatherings and British military raids. In 1967, Bani Zeid was occupied by

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technique of alternating stones of different colors, particularly red and white, that decorate the facades and gates of some houses.

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Memorandum from the masses and the institutions of the West Bank to the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization

588:) to settle in and control. The Bani Zeid were granted the villages of Deir Ghassaneh and Beit Rima, as well as the nearby towns of 261: 193: 3010: 932:

In the 1887 census the Bani Zeid sheikdom consisted of 24 villages with an estimated collective population of 7,700, including 400

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period due to the many houses there that have preserved elements of Mamluk architecture. Specific examples include the use of the

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A school was founded in Deir Ghassaneh in 1925. Prior to the British Mandate period, boys would normally receive education in a

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One of the notable characteristics of Deir Ghassaneh was the concentration of 16 local Muslim shrines or saintly-person tombs (

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to Sharon, the sheikh Guérin had referred to was Sheikh Salih. It was around this time, in the late 1860s, that the prominent

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which was practiced more strictly in the urban centers, and was rooted in local pre-Islamic, including Christian, tradition.

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In 1556 the sheikdom was led by Sheikh Abu Rayyan bin Sheikh Manna, who was succeeded by Sheikh Muhammad Abu Rabban in 1560.

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of al-Rifa'i or al-Majdoub, Maqam al-Khawwas was a shrine of major importance for the Bani Zeid villages, collectively. The

1037:, the rural affairs minister at the time and a native of Beit Rima. Its first mayor, Adib Mohammed Rimawi, was appointed by 4723: 3784:. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. 1614: 987: 461: 3763:"Die Ortschaftenliste des Liwa Jerusalem in dem türkischen Staatskalender für Syrien auf das Jahr 1288 der Flucht (1871)" 3548: 2767: 1756:), a double-domed building situated on a hilltop 500 meters west of Deir Ghassaneh, in an isolated area. Along with the 4128: 2029: 1902:

in the area, the gate of Sheikh Salih's palace was "particularly monumental" as the arch was pointed and contained one

3194: 3997: 820:(seasonal stream). Nonetheless, Sheikh Salih enjoyed high political and social status, holding the official title of 4309: 3898: 3673: 2231: 1526:, al-Shu'aibi, al-Ramahi and Mashaal, although there are also a number of smaller families. Today, there are three 1135:(Abu Ali Mustafa) in August. About 50 people from Beit Rima were detained and brought to the Israeli settlement of 941: 3706: 3522: 3927: 3907: 1898:, with one being built within the other. According to Sharon, while this gate structure was common among village 751: 699:

was the primary commodity that Bani Zeid Nahiya produced and the product was sold to local Ottoman officials and

567: 3160: 1871:, on the second floor, served as the living quarters for women and servants. Above the living quarters hung the 4733: 4121: 3849: 3813: 1499: 1495: 616: 443: 326: 4347: 1013: 970:

clan of Jerusalem against the al-Husayni clan in the contest for political dominance in Palestine during the

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Democracy's New Face: Radical and Female Palestinian Mayor Embodies Both Tradition and Change in Middle East

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to celebrate festivities, socialize with other women and pray. According to Palestinian architecture expert

1123:(HRW). The IDF stated the intent of the raid was to capture the alleged killers of Israeli Tourism Minister 946: 806:

that spread throughout Palestine. During the last years of Egyptian control, Sheikh Musa Ahmad al-Sahwil of

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Palestinians; From Village Peasant to Camp Refugees: Analogies and Disparities in the Social Use of Space

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would serve as a political-administrative unit for the purposes of tax collection and army mobilization.

4574: 4273: 4111: 3335: 3059: 2600: 2372: 2368: 2227: 2191: 1882: 1116: 864: 17: 3941: 3937:

Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838

3748: 3178: 2998: 4147: 3618: 2960: 2930: 2848: 2740: 2456: 4355: 3639: 2543: 1964: 1801: 1086: 782: 2972: 2947: 526:, the modern-day northern West Bank. Sharon suggests that the name of the village is related to the 494:(compiled in 189 CE), Beit Rima is mentioned as a place where they formerly produced a high-quality 4682: 4589: 4569: 4484: 3999:

Palestinian Peasants and Ottoman Officials: Rural Administration Around Sixteenth-Century Jerusalem

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The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology

2344: 1515: 1207: 971: 511: 357: 3456: 4426: 4238: 4055: 3837: 3716: 3690:. BAR International Series 726 (in French). Vol. III : Catalogue. Oxford: Archeopress. 3256: 3233: 3048: 2803: 2779: 2000: 1932: 1574: 1195: 1120: 1106: 1078: 452:

According to Sharon, there is no mention of Deir Ghassaneh or Beit Rima in early Arabic sources.

423: 265: 257: 181: 114: 1585:

attaining associate degrees, 324 attaining bachelor's degrees and 45 obtaining higher diplomas.

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This Burning Land: Lessons from the Front Lines of the Transformed Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

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with some administrative capacity. It consisted of several villages with Deir Ghassaneh as its

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honored what was locally considered to be the meditation site of al-Khawass, believed to be a

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Deir Ghassaneh and Beit Rima were merged and granted municipal status in February 1966 during

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Sheikh Salih was succeeded by his son Umar Salih al-Barghouti, who aligned Bani Zeid with the

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groves. The houses of both villages were constructed from red and white stone masonry and the

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of Ramallah, became the first woman to hold the post of a Palestinian municipality head. The

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in 1864, but locally the title continued to demonstrate the guise of official authority. As

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and less than 45 kilometers (28 mi) northwest of Jerusalem. Nearby localities include

514:(1840–1882) thought the name meant "The monastery of the Ghassaneh", better known today as 4649: 4634: 4469: 4067: 3781:

Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century

3758: 3424: 3368: 3093: 3086: 3082: 3075: 2831: 2786: 2660: 2492: 2247: 2095: 1944: 1132: 1112: 979: 958:

described Beit Rima as "a small village on the summit of a ridge with wells to the west".

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Byzantine ceramics have been found in Deir Ghassaneh, and on the north side of Beit Rima.

527: 439: 435: 373: 308: 249: 4504: 3935: 3892: 3667: 1948: 1483:. Several men from Deir Ghassaneh settled in the surrounding villages, namely Beit Rima, 763: 2808:

Israel, the Occupied West Bank and Gaza Strip, and the Palestinian Authority Territories

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tribes and other prominent families, including the Khalidi clan of Jerusalem, the 'Amr,

4368: 4340: 1887: 1650: 794: 657: 475: 393: 342: 334: 160: 3803: 1547:. Other crops grown include grains which cover 135 dunams and onions, dry legumes and 4712: 4564: 4499: 4047: 4021: 3953: 3949: 3853: 3841: 3817: 2364: 2239: 2110: 1633: 1606: 882:

to the north. In 1855–1856 tensions between Sheikh Salih and the leading families of

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Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine

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Space, Kinship and Gender: The Social Dimension of Peasant Architecture in Palestine

842:(village headmen) and maintaining order through local custom. He also served as the 4334: 4075: 4037: 4017: 3969: 3238: 1989: 1159: 1146: 1094: 710: 700: 519: 427: 384: 72: 4509: 3762: 3604: 2223: 1097:

with Israel in 1993, full control over security and civilian affairs in the town.

4079: 3779: 3720: 3685: 2807: 4697: 4494: 4489: 4329: 4304: 3880:

Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas

3818:"Occasional Papers on the Modern inhabitants of Palestine, part I & part II" 3744: 3641:

Community, Identity, and Ideology: Social Science Approaches to the Hebrew Bible

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Diospolis - City of God: Journal of the History, Archaeology and Heritage of Lod

2348: 2195: 1899: 1687: 1503: 1484: 1191: 1171: 1066: 872: 853: 770:, establishing it as a dependency, or satellite village, of their home village. 747: 365: 3620:

Hamidian Palestine: Politics and Society in the District of Jerusalem 1872-1908

3586: 284:. A town of over 6,000 inhabitants, Bani Zeid was founded when the villages of 4629: 4604: 4559: 4529: 4524: 4519: 4514: 4479: 4294: 3833: 3582: 2681: 2404: 2235: 2199: 1990:

Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census, 2017

1817: 1721: 1211: 1187: 967: 917: 758:

noted that the Bani Zeid Nahiya consisted of 18 inhabited localities and four

515: 495: 471: 300: 3869: 3556: 143: 130: 4549: 4534: 4474: 4454: 4256: 3931: 2417: 2380: 2215: 1920: 1813: 1797: 1561: 1523: 1491:

was estimated to be 1,341, while Bet Rima had an estimated 480 inhabitants.

1062: 926: 774: 755: 731: 696: 479: 346: 277: 269: 4677: 4449: 4421: 4314: 4279: 3209: 2384: 2183: 1669: 1479:

and about 14 women originating from other parts of Palestine, particularly

315:

in the 12th century for having served in the Muslim army during the first

4687: 4654: 4594: 4554: 4406: 4361: 4299: 4216: 4211: 4206: 3973: 3726: 2422:"Lydda Sub-District: Lydda and its countryside during the Ottoman period" 2356: 2343:-125. The 18 inhabited villages of the Bani Zeid District were listed as 2211: 1830: 1578: 1480: 1476: 1199: 1183: 1167: 1136: 896: 888: 689: 676:

contained over 20 towns and villages and had jurisdiction over a part of

596:. However, the Bani Zeid tribe only settled there after another century. 589: 580: 575: 467: 460:

Deir Ghassaneh has been identified as the ancient Saredah (also spelled

415: 338: 321: 316: 273: 3808:(in French). Vol. 2: Samarie, pt. 2. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale. 3729:: Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University Publications Section. 3504: 660:

era in Palestine, the area where the Bani Zeid tribe settled became the

4692: 4639: 4375: 1131:(PFLP) in retaliation for Israel's assassination of the party's leader 983: 892: 868: 844: 838: 609: 559: 555: 523: 491: 330: 312: 1680:, whom locals believed had been "close to God." The veneration of the 1049: 4644: 4624: 4619: 4459: 4434: 4411: 4383: 4324: 4319: 4221: 4022:"Alphabetisches Verzeichniss von Ortschaften des Paschalik Jerusalem" 3596: 3164: 2388: 1952: 1779: 1637: 1569: 1548: 1540: 1527: 1215: 1175: 1058: 912: 900: 883: 876: 807: 786: 734:, although the Christian population that remained continued to grow. 722: 718: 685: 677: 668: 662: 388: 361: 293: 281: 3854:"Occasional Papers on the Modern inhabitants of Palestine, part III" 3805:

Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine

2868:. University of Arizona-Faculty of the School of Architecture. 2004. 2421: 1911:

building's northern side, vertically parallel of the main entrance.

940:

and one of five men in Deir Ghassaneh born outside the village. The

828:(chief of the chieftains). The title ceased to be recognized by the 4081:

Mountain Against the Sea: Essays on Palestinian Society and Culture

1859:

included a reception area, dining halls and a guesthouse while the

726:

Christian inhabitants had emigrated from the village to Jerusalem,

4614: 4584: 4544: 4416: 4401: 2396: 2376: 2352: 2243: 2207: 2187: 1943:

a poet and writer. Other notable people born in Bani Zeid include

1936: 1848: 1784: 1729: 1617:(PPP) list won one, and a socialist party won the remaining seat. 1610: 1602: 1544: 1472: 1222: 1203: 1163: 1048: 937: 849: 767: 727: 640: 621: 563: 411: 380: 2703: 1686:

tombs, a common feature in peasant life, did not derive from the

3205: 1927:, which includes Bani Zeid; notable members of the clan include 1895: 1765: 1744:

close to the modern town of Bani Zeid is Maqam al-Khawwas (var.

1711: 1675: 891:

to conclude a lasting peace, but all were condemned to exile in

860: 816: 721:. In 1596 both Deir Ghassaneh and Beit Rima appeared in Ottoman 705: 635: 585: 304: 29:

Municipality type C in Ramallah and al-Bireh, State of Palestine

4163: 3076:

Palestinian Population by Locality, Sex and Age Groups in Years

1877:

retreat and leisure area from which he could view his estates.

836:, Sheikh Salih was tasked with the nomination and dismissal of 824:(chief of the subdistrict) and was also referred to locally as 1706: 875:

and 'Amla clans of the Hebron area and the Samhan clan of the

797:

or capital). During the early part of Egyptian rule, Governor

684:(local chief) and the entire Bani Zeid Nahiya was headed by a 319:. It was settled by members of the tribe alongside the native 4046:. Vol. 85. Revue d'études palestiniennes. Archived from 3606:

Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922

498:, and which was brought as an oblation (contribution) to the 3234:

Paris suburb honors Palestinian assassin of Israeli minister

1093:(PNA), the Palestinian governing body established after the 633:

and was inspected by Isa Muhammad al-Qaymari, a low-ranking

4106: 3163:(in Arabic). Municipality of West Bani Zaid. Archived from 2702:(in Arabic). Municipality of West Bani Zaid. Archived from 1865:

consisted of workshops, food depots and horse stables. The

1774:) from Egypt who often visited the residents of the area. 1709:

tree. Most of the upkeep of the buildings was provided by

1705:, a garden, a well and either a distinguishable olive or 1081:

to self-determination and to establishing an independent

867:, the Barghouti aligned themselves with Qaisi-affiliated 742:

In the 19th century Bani Zeid was one of about two dozen

615:

It is known that Deir Ghassaneh was inhabited during the

554:

period in the late 12th century. They formed part of the

546:

The modern town of Bani Zeid receives its name from the

3009:

Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Ramallah, p.

1111:

In the late night hours of 24 October 2001, during the

379:

Historically, Bani Zeid's economy was dependent on the

3591:, University of Edinburgh-Faculty of Social Sciences, 1632:

The municipal council takes part in the international

3087:

Palestinian Population by Locality and Refugee Status

1041:. The municipality building is located in Beit Rima. 1007:

Deir Ghassana, (Beit Rima bottom left), 1943 1:20,000

3753:. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center. 1872: 1866: 1860: 1854: 1846: 1840: 1834: 1769: 1732:, which held special significance beyond Bani Zeid. 1681: 1673: 550:

of Bani Zeid, which settled in Palestine during the

478:

tribal confederation, after it was abandoned by the

4668: 4392: 4247: 4197: 3778:Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). 2880:Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. 2789:

Applied Research Institute – Jerusalem. 2001-11-05.

2339:Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, 2nd appendix, pp. 470:. According to some sources, it was settled by the 235: 227: 222: 214: 204: 199: 187: 169: 159: 70: 55: 50: 34: 2071:Meaning "The house of Rima", see Palmer, 1881, p. 1984: 1982: 1980: 490:In the compendium of Jewish oral law known as the 280:and about 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) southwest of 272:, located 27 kilometers (17 mi) northwest of 3687:La Palestine byzantine, Peuplement et Populations 3066:British Mandate censuses via PalestineRemembered. 1931:, a Palestinian Communist leader and journalist; 292:merged to form a municipality in 1966 during the 3975:Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, D-F 3858:Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund 3822:Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund 1804:on the western wall was fitted for an oil lamp. 397:("saintly person's tomb") of Sheikh al-Khawwas. 744:sheikdoms in the central highlands of Palestine 666:(subdistrict) of Bani Zeid, part of the larger 3270: 3268: 3266: 2113:), Oxford University Press: Oxford 1977, s.v. 4175: 3252:French town honours Israeli minister 'killer' 3161:"Current Municipal Council of West Bani Zaid" 2262: 2260: 1129:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine 8: 2822: 2820: 2570: 2568: 2555: 2553: 2551: 2508: 2506: 2504: 2502: 2500: 2468: 2466: 2464: 2058: 2056: 2032:Palestinian Association for Culture Exchange 1894:The main gate of the palace consists of two 542:Ayyubid period: Bani Zeid tribe in Palestine 62: 4026:Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 3958:Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 3899:Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund 3767:Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 3674:Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund 3524:The Middle East and North Africa, Volume 28 3401: 3399: 3380: 3378: 3376: 3363: 3361: 3321: 3319: 3309: 3307: 3305: 3295: 3293: 2655: 2653: 2651: 2649: 2487: 2485: 2483: 2481: 2288:Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 120-121 1891:which either serves as stables or storage. 1487:and Nabi Salih. In 1896 the population of 446:and Early Ottoman remains have been found. 4182: 4168: 4160: 4084:. Berkeley and: University of California. 3527:. Europa Publications. 1981. p. 956. 2529: 2527: 2525: 2523: 2521: 2326: 2324: 2090: 2088: 2086: 2084: 2082: 2080: 1237: 1221:Bani Zeid had a total land area of 22,249 1085:. In 2000 Bani Zeid was incorporated into 31: 3954:"Zur Einwohnerzahl des Bezirks Jerusalem" 2876: 2874: 2636: 2634: 2451: 2449: 2447: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2439: 2407:, Khirbet Ibrahim, Artubba and Rashaniya. 2153: 2151: 1906:. The entire arch was constructed in the 16:For the nearby Palestinian villages, see 4739:Municipalities of the State of Palestine 3118:Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics 3098:Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics 2828:Israel raids village to pursue assassins 2735: 2733: 2306:Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 121. 2297:Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 120. 1997:Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics 1959:, prime minister of Jordan in 1980, and 1512:Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics 337:rule, the area of Bani Zeid served as a 4127:Survey of Western Palestine, Map 14: 2731: 2729: 2727: 2725: 2723: 2721: 2719: 2717: 2715: 2713: 2694: 2692: 2690: 1976: 1518:made up 6.8% of the residents in 1997. 1447: 997: 234: 221: 198: 168: 158: 86: 69: 49: 4063: 4053: 3202:Palestine Central Elections Commission 3195:"2012 Local Elections: West Bani Zeid" 3184:. Washington Post Company. 2005-01-29. 2843: 2841: 2799: 2797: 2795: 2050:Finkelstein and Lederman, 1997, p. 281 2041:Finkelstein and Lederman, 1997, p. 279 2025: 2023: 2021: 2019: 2017: 1434:Source: MeteoBlue (Climate Bani Zayd) 1245:, Palestine 480m (1985–2016 normals), 1127:, who was shot dead by members of the 3883:. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine. 3483:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 38. 1783:("niche indicating direction towards 226: 213: 203: 186: 123: 54: 7: 4142:Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem 3638:Carter, Charles Edward, ed. (1996). 2748:Applied Research Institute-Jerusalem 1142:Palestinian National Security Forces 672:(district) of Quds (Jerusalem). The 368:, but was later transferred to full 3047:Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 2542:Macalister and Masterman, 1906, p. 2455:Macalister and Masterman, 1905, p. 1662:were dedicated either to prophets ( 1065:after defeating Arab forces in the 276:, about 45 kilometers northwest of 253: 63: 2780:The Israeli Army Ravages Beit Rima 1214:to the west and the settlement of 1033:, partially due to the efforts of 325:("peasantry") during the reign of 14: 4719:Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate 4191:Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate 4043:The Last Feudal Lord in Palestine 3909:Bomber Harris: His Life and Times 3705:Department of Statistics (1945). 3102:Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate 1925:Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate 1510:In the first census taken by the 1075:Palestine Liberation Organization 830:Istanbul-based central government 688:(paramount chief). The Bani Zeid 604:It was not until 1293, after the 262:Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate 215: • Head of Municipality 100: 77:Bani Zeid al-Gharbiyya (official) 4237: 4230: 2882:Village Statistics, April, 1945. 1012: 1000: 333:in the mid-13th century. During 174: 99: 92: 3708:Village Statistics, April, 1945 3182:Washington Post Foreign Service 2640:Conder and Kitchener, 1882, p. 2003:. February 2018. pp. 64–82 1073:in a display of unity with the 865:opposition to the Yaman faction 349:family dominated the sheikdom. 303:that was granted the area as a 299:Bani Zeid owes its name to the 4002:. Cambridge University Press. 3852:; Masterman, E. W. G. (1906). 3816:; Masterman, E. W. G. (1905). 3719:; Lederman, Zvi, eds. (1997). 3096:Results of 1997 Census by the 1636:scheme, and have twinned with 1543:being a distant second at 240 1091:Palestinian National Authority 1: 988:Abd al-Rahim al-Hajj Muhammad 709:(religious endowment) to the 562:'s army that hailed from the 113:Location of Bani Zeid within 2355:, Beit Rima, Deir Ghusaneh, 1724:, dedicated to the prophet ( 1672:or saintly-persons known as 1019:Deir Ghassana 1945 1:250,000 982:struck a group of 400 local 974:period. In 1936, during the 863:tribo-political faction, in 383:crop, which was supplied to 51:Arabic transcription(s) 4138:Bani Zeid Town (Fact Sheet) 3449:"Palestinian Personalities" 2884:Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 1963:, a journalist and author. 1873: 1867: 1861: 1855: 1847: 1841: 1835: 1824:Manor of Salih al-Barghouti 1770: 1682: 1674: 1593:Bani Zeid is governed by a 1471:such as Beit Rima, Abwein, 1364:Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 1294:Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 947:Survey of Western Palestine 83:West Bani Zeid (unofficial) 4755: 4107:Official Website beitreema 3912:. MBI Publishing Company. 3722:Highlands of many cultures 3711:. Government of Palestine. 3609:. Government of Palestine. 3603:Barron, J.B., ed. (1923). 1615:Palestinian People's Party 1433: 1240: 1104: 1083:Palestinian national state 15: 4228: 3850:Macalister, R. A. Stewart 3834:10.1179/peq.1905.37.4.343 3814:Macalister, R. A. Stewart 2814::2. April 2002. pp. 9-10. 1613:list won five seats, the 1555:Today, employment by the 1363: 1293: 1288: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1276: 1273: 1270: 1267: 1264: 1261: 1258: 1255: 1252: 1249: 1053:Mosque of Bani Zeid, 2012 124: 87: 41: 4117:Welcome To Dayr Ghassana 3870:10.1179/peq.1906.38.1.33 3393:Tamari, 2002, pp. 29-30. 3064:Dayr Ghassana Statistics 2849:Hanna: Beit Rima clashes 2741:"Bani Zeid Town Profile" 1496:1922 census of Palestine 976:Arab revolt in Palestine 701:soap factories in Nablus 518:. However, according to 345:. During that time, the 4310:al-Mazra'a ash-Sharqiya 3940:. Vol. 3. Boston: 3906:Probert, Harry (2006). 3877:Mills, E., ed. (1932). 3672:. Vol. 2. London: 3477:Greg Myr (8 Mar 2011). 2975:NB: found only 6 houses 2770:A/33/165 of 5 July 1978 2250:. See Singer, 1994, p. 2232:al-Mazra'a ash-Sharqiya 1701:, a shelter known as a 268:, in the north-central 4729:Towns in the West Bank 4154:Bani Zeid aerial photo 4148:Bani Zeid Town profile 4124:, Welcome to Palestine 3978:. Vol. 3. BRILL. 3942:Crocker & Brewster 3208:. 2012. Archived from 3129:Carter (ed), 1996, p. 2835:. 2001-10-05. pp. 1-2. 1557:Palestinian government 1210:and the settlement of 1054: 4575:Kharbatha Bani Harith 4348:al-Mazra'a al-Qibliya 4274:Bani Zeid al-Sharqiya 2950:also noted 164 houses 2933:Also noted it in the 2864:Maraqa, Hania Nabil. 2671:Probert, 2006, p. 82. 2182:The 20 villages were 2145:Dauphin, 1998, p. 823 2117:8:6 (p. 503, note 4) 2062:Dauphin, 1998, p. 821 1564:presses in the town. 1534:Economy and education 1052: 1045:From 1967 until today 804:1834 Peasants' Revolt 713:in Jerusalem and the 194:Ramallah and al-Bireh 144:32.04111°N 35.10167°E 18:Bani Zeid al-Sharqiya 4724:Bani Zeid al-Gharbia 4112:Welcome To Bayt Rima 3414:Amiry, 1987, p. 108. 3405:Amiry, 1987, p. 104. 3384:Amiry, 1987, p. 103. 3355:Amiry, 1987, p. 213. 3346:Amiry, 1987, p. 212. 3325:Maraqa, 2004, p. 59. 3313:Amiry, 1987, p. 211. 3299:Amiry, 1987, p. 208. 3287:Maraqa, 2004, p. 55. 3150:Amiry, 1986, p. 195. 3141:Amiry, 1986, p. 241. 3060:Bayt Rima Statistics 2700:"About Municipality" 2684:, 2012, pp. 150–151. 1668:) recognized by the 1516:Palestinian refugees 652:Early Ottoman period 510:English orientalist 4590:al-Lubban al-Gharbi 4570:Kharbatha al-Misbah 3549:"Mahmoud al-Rimawy" 2971:Hartmann, 1883, p. 2946:Hartmann, 1883, p. 2907:"Climate Bani Zayd" 2896:Amiry, 1987, p. 78. 2533:Amiry, 1987, p. 45. 2330:Amiry, 1987, p. 44. 2279:Amiry, 1987, p. 46. 1923:clan come from the 1740:One of the notable 1208:al-Lubban al-Gharbi 826:sheikh al-mashayikh 512:Edward Henry Palmer 354:1936–39 Arab revolt 218:Abdel Karim Abu Aql 161:Palestine grid 140: / 44:Municipality type C 4431:Badiw al-Muarrajat 3367:Sharon, 2004, p. 3274:Bussow, 2011, pp. 3257:Al Jazeera English 3167:on March 11, 2008. 3092:2008-11-19 at the 3081:2008-11-19 at the 2997:Schick, 1896, p. 2984:Bussow, 2011, pp. 2804:Human Rights Watch 2785:2005-12-22 at the 2706:on March 11, 2008. 2612:Bussow, 2011, pp. 2586:Bussow, 2011, pp. 2266:Singer, 1994, pp. 2198:, Deir Ghassaneh, 2169:Sharon, 2004, pp. 2030:Bani Zeid: Excerpt 2001:State of Palestine 1933:Abdullah Barghouti 1581:to the southeast. 1577:in the village of 1575:Birzeit University 1218:to the northwest. 1206:to the southwest, 1196:Israeli settlement 1190:to the southeast, 1182:to the northeast, 1121:Human Rights Watch 1107:Beit Rima massacre 1079:Palestinian people 1055: 859:As members of the 783:Khedivate Egyptian 738:Nineteenth century 568:siege of Jerusalem 456:Biblical reference 406:Habitation periods 228: • Total 182:State of Palestine 149:32.04111; 35.10167 4706: 4705: 4610:Qarawat Bani Zeid 4580:Khirbet Abu Falah 4378: 4371: 4364: 4350: 4343: 4289: 4282: 4268: 4263: 4133:Wikimedia commons 4091:978-0-520-25129-8 4050:on June 22, 2015. 3553:arabicfiction.org 3505:"From Beit Reema" 3435:Tamari, 2008, p. 3423:Sharon, 2004, p. 3334:Guérin, 1875, p. 2659:Sharon, 2004, p. 2625:Bussow, 2011, p. 2599:Guérin, 1875, p. 2574:Bussow, 2011, p. 2559:Bussow, 2011, p. 2512:Bussow, 2011, p. 2491:Sharon, 2004, p. 2472:Bussow, 2011, p. 2315:Singer, 1994, p. 2157:Singer, 1994, p. 2133:Palmer, 1881, p. 2094:Sharon, 2004, p. 1999:(PCBS) (Report). 1961:Mahmoud al-Rimawi 1595:municipal council 1481:al-Majdal Ascalon 1438: 1437: 1241:Climate data for 1180:Qarawat Bani Zeid 992:Arif Abd al-Raziq 980:British Air Force 631:al-Nasir Muhammad 243: 242: 205: • Type 22:Qarawat Bani Zeid 4746: 4485:Deir Abu Mash'al 4445:Beit Ur al-Tahta 4440:Beit Ur al-Fauqa 4394:Village councils 4374: 4367: 4360: 4346: 4339: 4287:Mazari an-Nubani 4285: 4278: 4266: 4261: 4242: 4241: 4234: 4184: 4177: 4170: 4161: 4095: 4071: 4065: 4061: 4059: 4051: 4033: 4013: 3989: 3965: 3945: 3923: 3902: 3884: 3873: 3845: 3809: 3795: 3774: 3754: 3740: 3712: 3701: 3677: 3664:Kitchener, H. H. 3655: 3634: 3610: 3599: 3568: 3567: 3565: 3564: 3555:. Archived from 3545: 3539: 3538: 3519: 3513: 3512: 3501: 3495: 3494: 3474: 3468: 3467: 3465: 3464: 3455:. Archived from 3445: 3439: 3433: 3427: 3421: 3415: 3412: 3406: 3403: 3394: 3391: 3385: 3382: 3371: 3365: 3356: 3353: 3347: 3344: 3338: 3332: 3326: 3323: 3314: 3311: 3300: 3297: 3288: 3285: 3279: 3272: 3261: 3249: 3243: 3230: 3224: 3223: 3221: 3220: 3214: 3199: 3191: 3185: 3175: 3169: 3168: 3157: 3151: 3148: 3142: 3139: 3133: 3127: 3121: 3114:2007 PCBS Census 3111: 3105: 3073: 3067: 3057: 3051: 3045: 3039: 3034:Mills, 1932, p. 3032: 3026: 3021:Mills, 1932, p. 3019: 3013: 3007: 3001: 2995: 2989: 2982: 2976: 2969: 2963: 2959:Socin, 1879, p. 2957: 2951: 2944: 2938: 2929:Socin, 1879, p. 2927: 2921: 2920: 2918: 2917: 2903: 2897: 2894: 2888: 2878: 2869: 2862: 2856: 2845: 2836: 2824: 2815: 2801: 2790: 2777: 2771: 2765: 2759: 2758: 2756: 2755: 2745: 2737: 2708: 2707: 2696: 2685: 2678: 2672: 2669: 2663: 2657: 2644: 2638: 2629: 2623: 2617: 2610: 2604: 2597: 2591: 2584: 2578: 2572: 2563: 2557: 2546: 2540: 2534: 2531: 2516: 2510: 2495: 2489: 2476: 2470: 2459: 2453: 2434: 2433: 2414: 2408: 2345:Deir Abu Mash'al 2337: 2331: 2328: 2319: 2313: 2307: 2304: 2298: 2295: 2289: 2286: 2280: 2277: 2271: 2264: 2255: 2180: 2174: 2167: 2161: 2155: 2146: 2143: 2137: 2131: 2125: 2104: 2098: 2092: 2075: 2069: 2063: 2060: 2051: 2048: 2042: 2039: 2033: 2027: 2012: 2011: 2009: 2008: 1994: 1986: 1957:Kassim al-Rimawi 1941:Mourid Barghouti 1929:Bashir Barghouti 1876: 1870: 1864: 1858: 1852: 1844: 1838: 1773: 1736:Maqam al-Khawwas 1685: 1679: 1455: 1452: 1238: 1035:Kassim al-Rimawi 1025:Jordanian period 1016: 1004: 925:to the south of 906:French explorer 834:sheikh al-nahiya 822:sheikh al-nahiya 506:Byzantine period 255: 180: 178: 177: 155: 154: 152: 151: 150: 145: 141: 138: 137: 136: 133: 103: 102: 96: 66: 65: 32: 4754: 4753: 4749: 4748: 4747: 4745: 4744: 4743: 4734:Throne villages 4709: 4708: 4707: 4702: 4664: 4388: 4243: 4236: 4235: 4226: 4193: 4188: 4103: 4098: 4092: 4074: 4062: 4052: 4040:(Autumn 2002). 4036: 4016: 4010: 3992: 3986: 3968: 3948: 3926: 3920: 3905: 3887: 3876: 3848: 3812: 3798: 3792: 3777: 3757: 3743: 3737: 3717:Finkelstein, I. 3715: 3704: 3698: 3680: 3658: 3652: 3644:. Eisenbrauns. 3637: 3631: 3613: 3602: 3581: 3577: 3572: 3571: 3562: 3560: 3547: 3546: 3542: 3535: 3521: 3520: 3516: 3503: 3502: 3498: 3491: 3476: 3475: 3471: 3462: 3460: 3447: 3446: 3442: 3434: 3430: 3422: 3418: 3413: 3409: 3404: 3397: 3392: 3388: 3383: 3374: 3366: 3359: 3354: 3350: 3345: 3341: 3333: 3329: 3324: 3317: 3312: 3303: 3298: 3291: 3286: 3282: 3273: 3264: 3250: 3246: 3231: 3227: 3218: 3216: 3212: 3197: 3193: 3192: 3188: 3176: 3172: 3159: 3158: 3154: 3149: 3145: 3140: 3136: 3128: 3124: 3112: 3108: 3100:(PCBS) for the 3094:Wayback Machine 3085: 3083:Wayback Machine 3074: 3070: 3058: 3054: 3046: 3042: 3033: 3029: 3020: 3016: 3008: 3004: 2996: 2992: 2983: 2979: 2970: 2966: 2958: 2954: 2945: 2941: 2928: 2924: 2915: 2913: 2905: 2904: 2900: 2895: 2891: 2879: 2872: 2863: 2859: 2846: 2839: 2832:Chicago Tribune 2825: 2818: 2802: 2793: 2787:Wayback Machine 2778: 2774: 2766: 2762: 2753: 2751: 2743: 2739: 2738: 2711: 2698: 2697: 2688: 2679: 2675: 2670: 2666: 2658: 2647: 2639: 2632: 2624: 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791:qaryat al-kursi 752:Edward Robinson 740: 715:Ibrahimi Mosque 654: 602: 544: 537: 508: 488: 466:), hometown of 458: 408: 403: 374:Second Intifada 358:British Mandate 175: 173: 148: 146: 142: 139: 134: 131: 129: 127: 126: 120: 119: 118: 117: 111: 110: 109: 108: 104: 82: 80: 78: 46: 37: 30: 25: 12: 11: 5: 4752: 4750: 4742: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4721: 4711: 4710: 4704: 4703: 4701: 4700: 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4674: 4672: 4666: 4665: 4663: 4662: 4657: 4652: 4647: 4642: 4637: 4632: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4612: 4607: 4602: 4597: 4592: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4572: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4552: 4547: 4542: 4537: 4532: 4527: 4522: 4517: 4512: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4472: 4467: 4462: 4457: 4452: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4398: 4396: 4390: 4389: 4387: 4386: 4381: 4380: 4379: 4372: 4365: 4353: 4352: 4351: 4344: 4341:Abu Shukhaidem 4332: 4327: 4322: 4317: 4312: 4307: 4302: 4297: 4292: 4291: 4290: 4283: 4271: 4270: 4269: 4267:Deir Ghassana 4264: 4253: 4251: 4249:Municipalities 4245: 4244: 4229: 4227: 4225: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4203: 4201: 4195: 4194: 4189: 4187: 4186: 4179: 4172: 4164: 4158: 4157: 4151: 4145: 4135: 4125: 4119: 4114: 4109: 4102: 4101:External links 4099: 4097: 4096: 4090: 4072: 4034: 4014: 4008: 3990: 3984: 3966: 3946: 3924: 3918: 3903: 3885: 3874: 3846: 3810: 3796: 3790: 3775: 3755: 3741: 3735: 3713: 3702: 3696: 3678: 3656: 3650: 3635: 3630:978-9004205697 3629: 3611: 3600: 3578: 3576: 3573: 3570: 3569: 3540: 3533: 3514: 3496: 3489: 3469: 3440: 3428: 3416: 3407: 3395: 3386: 3372: 3357: 3348: 3339: 3327: 3315: 3301: 3289: 3280: 3262: 3244: 3225: 3186: 3170: 3152: 3143: 3134: 3122: 3106: 3068: 3052: 3040: 3027: 3014: 3002: 2990: 2977: 2964: 2952: 2939: 2922: 2898: 2889: 2870: 2857: 2837: 2826:Dellios, Hugh. 2816: 2791: 2772: 2760: 2709: 2686: 2673: 2664: 2645: 2630: 2618: 2605: 2592: 2579: 2564: 2547: 2535: 2517: 2496: 2477: 2460: 2435: 2409: 2332: 2320: 2308: 2299: 2290: 2281: 2272: 2256: 2175: 2162: 2147: 2138: 2126: 2099: 2076: 2064: 2052: 2043: 2034: 2013: 1975: 1974: 1972: 1969: 1955:in the 1950s, 1947:, head of the 1935:, a convicted 1916: 1915:Notable people 1913: 1825: 1822: 1737: 1734: 1688:orthodox Islam 1645: 1642: 1599:2005 elections 1590: 1587: 1535: 1532: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1456: 1446: 1445: 1436: 1435: 1431: 1430: 1425: 1420: 1415: 1410: 1405: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1370: 1365: 1361: 1360: 1355: 1350: 1345: 1340: 1335: 1330: 1325: 1320: 1315: 1310: 1305: 1300: 1295: 1291: 1290: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1275: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1263: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1247: 1246: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1202:to the south, 1178:to the north, 1155: 1152: 1125:Rehavam Ze'evi 1105:Main article: 1102: 1099: 1046: 1043: 1031:Jordanian rule 1026: 1023: 1022: 1021: 1018: 1011: 1009: 1006: 999: 963: 960: 795:throne village 748:Bilad Jamma'in 739: 736: 711:al-Aqsa Mosque 653: 650: 601: 598: 543: 540: 507: 504: 502:in Jerusalem. 487: 484: 476:Arab Christian 457: 454: 410:In Beit Rima, 407: 404: 402: 399: 385:soap factories 286:Deir Ghassaneh 241: 240: 237: 233: 232: 229: 225: 224: 220: 219: 216: 212: 211: 206: 202: 201: 197: 196: 191: 185: 184: 171: 167: 166: 163: 157: 156: 122: 121: 112: 106: 105: 98: 97: 91: 90: 89: 88: 85: 84: 75: 68: 67: 60: 53: 52: 48: 47: 42: 39: 38: 35: 28: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4751: 4740: 4737: 4735: 4732: 4730: 4727: 4725: 4722: 4720: 4717: 4716: 4714: 4699: 4696: 4694: 4691: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4681: 4679: 4676: 4675: 4673: 4671: 4670:Refugee camps 4667: 4661: 4658: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4606: 4603: 4601: 4598: 4596: 4593: 4591: 4588: 4586: 4583: 4581: 4578: 4576: 4573: 4571: 4568: 4566: 4563: 4561: 4558: 4556: 4553: 4551: 4548: 4546: 4543: 4541: 4538: 4536: 4533: 4531: 4528: 4526: 4523: 4521: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4500:Deir as-Sudan 4498: 4496: 4493: 4491: 4488: 4486: 4483: 4481: 4478: 4476: 4473: 4471: 4468: 4466: 4463: 4461: 4458: 4456: 4453: 4451: 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4399: 4397: 4395: 4391: 4385: 4382: 4377: 4373: 4370: 4366: 4363: 4359: 4358: 4357: 4354: 4349: 4345: 4342: 4338: 4337: 4336: 4333: 4331: 4328: 4326: 4323: 4321: 4318: 4316: 4313: 4311: 4308: 4306: 4303: 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4288: 4284: 4281: 4277: 4276: 4275: 4272: 4265: 4260: 4259: 4258: 4255: 4254: 4252: 4250: 4246: 4240: 4233: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4204: 4202: 4200: 4196: 4192: 4185: 4180: 4178: 4173: 4171: 4166: 4165: 4162: 4155: 4152: 4149: 4146: 4143: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4130: 4126: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4115: 4113: 4110: 4108: 4105: 4104: 4100: 4093: 4087: 4083: 4082: 4077: 4073: 4069: 4057: 4049: 4045: 4044: 4039: 4035: 4031: 4027: 4023: 4019: 4015: 4011: 4009:0-521-47679-8 4005: 4001: 4000: 3995: 3991: 3987: 3985:90-04-13197-3 3981: 3977: 3976: 3971: 3967: 3963: 3959: 3955: 3951: 3947: 3943: 3939: 3938: 3933: 3929: 3925: 3921: 3919:1-85367-691-8 3915: 3911: 3910: 3904: 3900: 3896: 3895: 3890: 3886: 3882: 3881: 3875: 3871: 3867: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3827: 3823: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3806: 3801: 3797: 3793: 3791:3-920405-41-2 3787: 3783: 3782: 3776: 3772: 3768: 3764: 3760: 3756: 3752: 3751: 3746: 3742: 3738: 3736:965-440-007-3 3732: 3728: 3724: 3723: 3718: 3714: 3710: 3709: 3703: 3699: 3697:0-860549-05-4 3693: 3689: 3688: 3683: 3679: 3675: 3671: 3670: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3647: 3643: 3642: 3636: 3632: 3626: 3622: 3621: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3607: 3601: 3598: 3594: 3590: 3589: 3584: 3580: 3579: 3574: 3559:on 2011-10-02 3558: 3554: 3550: 3544: 3541: 3536: 3534:9780905118659 3530: 3526: 3525: 3518: 3515: 3510: 3509:beitreema.com 3506: 3500: 3497: 3492: 3490:9780470928981 3486: 3482: 3481: 3473: 3470: 3459:on 2013-12-04 3458: 3454: 3450: 3444: 3441: 3438: 3432: 3429: 3426: 3420: 3417: 3411: 3408: 3402: 3400: 3396: 3390: 3387: 3381: 3379: 3377: 3373: 3370: 3364: 3362: 3358: 3352: 3349: 3343: 3340: 3337: 3331: 3328: 3322: 3320: 3316: 3310: 3308: 3306: 3302: 3296: 3294: 3290: 3284: 3281: 3277: 3271: 3269: 3267: 3263: 3260:. 2013-03-11. 3259: 3258: 3253: 3248: 3245: 3242:. 2013-03-11. 3241: 3240: 3235: 3229: 3226: 3215:on 2014-05-02 3211: 3207: 3204:(in Arabic). 3203: 3196: 3190: 3187: 3183: 3180: 3177:Moore, Molly. 3174: 3171: 3166: 3162: 3156: 3153: 3147: 3144: 3138: 3135: 3132: 3126: 3123: 3119: 3115: 3110: 3107: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3088: 3084: 3080: 3077: 3072: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3056: 3053: 3050: 3044: 3041: 3037: 3031: 3028: 3024: 3018: 3015: 3012: 3006: 3003: 3000: 2994: 2991: 2987: 2981: 2978: 2974: 2968: 2965: 2962: 2956: 2953: 2949: 2943: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2926: 2923: 2912: 2908: 2902: 2899: 2893: 2890: 2887: 2883: 2877: 2875: 2871: 2867: 2861: 2858: 2855:. 2001-10-25. 2854: 2850: 2847:Hanna, Mike. 2844: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2833: 2829: 2823: 2821: 2817: 2813: 2809: 2805: 2800: 2798: 2796: 2792: 2788: 2784: 2781: 2776: 2773: 2769: 2764: 2761: 2749: 2742: 2736: 2734: 2732: 2730: 2728: 2726: 2724: 2722: 2720: 2718: 2716: 2714: 2710: 2705: 2701: 2695: 2693: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2677: 2674: 2668: 2665: 2662: 2656: 2654: 2652: 2650: 2646: 2643: 2637: 2635: 2631: 2628: 2622: 2619: 2615: 2609: 2606: 2602: 2596: 2593: 2589: 2583: 2580: 2577: 2571: 2569: 2565: 2562: 2556: 2554: 2552: 2548: 2545: 2539: 2536: 2530: 2528: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2518: 2515: 2509: 2507: 2505: 2503: 2501: 2497: 2494: 2488: 2486: 2484: 2482: 2478: 2475: 2469: 2467: 2465: 2461: 2458: 2452: 2450: 2448: 2446: 2444: 2442: 2440: 2436: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2413: 2410: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2395:, Jibiya and 2394: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2370: 2366: 2365:Deir as-Sudan 2362: 2358: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2336: 2333: 2327: 2325: 2321: 2318: 2312: 2309: 2303: 2300: 2294: 2291: 2285: 2282: 2276: 2273: 2269: 2263: 2261: 2257: 2253: 2249: 2245: 2241: 2240:Deir as-Sudan 2237: 2233: 2229: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2210:, Jiljiliya, 2209: 2205: 2201: 2197: 2194:, Beit Rima, 2193: 2189: 2185: 2179: 2176: 2172: 2166: 2163: 2160: 2154: 2152: 2148: 2142: 2139: 2136: 2130: 2127: 2124: 2123:0-19-815402-X 2120: 2116: 2112: 2111:Herbert Danby 2108: 2103: 2100: 2097: 2091: 2089: 2087: 2085: 2083: 2081: 2077: 2074: 2068: 2065: 2059: 2057: 2053: 2047: 2044: 2038: 2035: 2031: 2026: 2024: 2022: 2020: 2018: 2014: 2002: 1998: 1991: 1985: 1983: 1981: 1977: 1970: 1968: 1966: 1962: 1958: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1914: 1912: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1892: 1890: 1889: 1884: 1878: 1875: 1869: 1863: 1857: 1851: 1850: 1843: 1837: 1832: 1823: 1821: 1819: 1815: 1811: 1805: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1781: 1775: 1772: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1743: 1735: 1733: 1731: 1727: 1723: 1718: 1714: 1713: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1696: 1691: 1689: 1684: 1678: 1677: 1671: 1667: 1666: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1652: 1643: 1641: 1639: 1635: 1634:town twinning 1630: 1627: 1622: 1618: 1616: 1612: 1608: 1607:Janet Mikhail 1604: 1600: 1596: 1588: 1586: 1582: 1580: 1576: 1572: 1571: 1565: 1563: 1558: 1553: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1533: 1531: 1529: 1525: 1519: 1517: 1513: 1508: 1505: 1501: 1497: 1492: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1461: 1451: 1448: 1444: 1443: 1432: 1426: 1421: 1416: 1411: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1362: 1356: 1351: 1346: 1341: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1321: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1301: 1296: 1292: 1248: 1244: 1239: 1232: 1230: 1227: 1224: 1219: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1186:to the east, 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1161: 1153: 1151: 1148: 1143: 1138: 1134: 1133:Mustafa Zibri 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1108: 1100: 1098: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1061:occupied the 1060: 1057:In June 1967 1051: 1044: 1042: 1040: 1036: 1032: 1024: 1015: 1010: 1003: 998: 996: 993: 989: 985: 981: 977: 973: 969: 961: 959: 957: 953: 949: 948: 943: 939: 935: 930: 928: 924: 919: 914: 909: 908:Victor Guérin 904: 902: 898: 894: 890: 885: 881: 878: 874: 870: 866: 862: 857: 855: 851: 847: 846: 841: 840: 835: 831: 827: 823: 819: 818: 811: 809: 805: 800: 799:Ibrahim Pasha 796: 792: 788: 784: 780: 776: 771: 769: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 737: 735: 733: 729: 724: 723:tax registers 720: 716: 712: 708: 707: 702: 698: 693: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 671: 670: 665: 664: 659: 651: 649: 648:authorities. 647: 642: 638: 637: 632: 626: 624: 623: 618: 613: 611: 608:under Sultan 607: 606:Bahri Mamluks 600:Mamluk period 599: 597: 595: 591: 587: 583: 582: 577: 572: 569: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 541: 539: 535: 533: 529: 525: 521: 517: 513: 505: 503: 501: 497: 493: 485: 483: 481: 477: 473: 469: 465: 464: 455: 453: 450: 447: 445: 441: 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 417: 413: 405: 400: 398: 396: 395: 390: 386: 382: 377: 375: 371: 367: 363: 359: 355: 350: 348: 344: 340: 336: 332: 328: 324: 323: 318: 314: 310: 306: 302: 297: 295: 291: 287: 283: 279: 275: 271: 267: 263: 259: 251: 247: 239:" Zaid Tribe" 238: 230: 217: 210: 207: 195: 192: 190: 183: 172: 164: 162: 153: 125:Coordinates: 116: 95: 76: 74: 71: • 61: 59: 56: • 45: 40: 33: 27: 23: 19: 4600:al-Mughayyir 4505:Dura al-Qar' 4335:al-Zaitounah 4080: 4048:the original 4042: 4029: 4025: 3998: 3974: 3961: 3957: 3936: 3928:Robinson, E. 3908: 3893: 3889:Palmer, E.H. 3879: 3861: 3857: 3825: 3821: 3804: 3780: 3770: 3766: 3759:Hartmann, M. 3749: 3721: 3707: 3686: 3668: 3660:Conder, C.R. 3640: 3619: 3605: 3587: 3575:Bibliography 3561:. 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Retrieved 1949:Ba'ath Party 1939:bomber, and 1918: 1907: 1893: 1886: 1879: 1827: 1809: 1806: 1793: 1788: 1778: 1776: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1749: 1745: 1741: 1739: 1725: 1716: 1710: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1692: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1649: 1647: 1631: 1626:recent polls 1624:In the most 1623: 1619: 1592: 1583: 1568: 1566: 1554: 1537: 1524:al-Barghouti 1520: 1509: 1493: 1488: 1468: 1465: 1462:Demographics 1450: 1441: 1440: 1242: 1228: 1220: 1160:Hebron Hills 1157: 1147:Red Crescent 1117:Israeli Army 1110: 1070: 1056: 1039:King Hussein 1028: 965: 955: 951: 945: 931: 905: 879: 858: 843: 837: 833: 825: 821: 815: 812: 790: 785:rule in the 778: 775:al-Barghouti 772: 764:al-Muzayri'a 759: 741: 704: 694: 681: 673: 667: 661: 655: 646:Burji Mamluk 634: 627: 620: 614: 603: 579: 573: 566:. 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