203:. According to the answers given by the firm to the Commissioners, the firm had commenced manufacture of woollen cloth in 1824, using water power driven by the river Wessenden. They employed a number of children in the mill, some below ten years of age. Boys and girls under ten were paid 3 shillings a week, about half what an adult might receive, and were "employed in piecing for slubbers and mules, and feeding scribbling and carding machines". A regular working week for all workers was sixty nine and a half hours, with days off on Sunday, Christmas Day and Good Friday, and "about six other half days during the year".
210:"We are of the opinion that any legislative interference will prove prejudicial to both masters and workmen, more especially so where only water power is used. There exists no necessity whatever in the mills employed in manufacturing woollen cloths, and did we deem it needful to legislate on the subject, so difficult is the business, we should feel ourselves utterly at a loss how to act."
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Conditions at Bank Bottom Mill were harsh by modern standards. Work began at 6.30am and a buzzer sounded, not just within the mill but across
Marsden. If workers were not inside the mill by this time they would be locked out for the day, and no wages would be paid. Despite this, most workers were not
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At the start of the twentieth century, the smaller mills at Bank Bottom closed, gradually replaced by five bigger companies. These were: John Edward
Crowther, New Mill (owned by Crowther Bruce and Co), Clough Lea Mill (owned by J. B. Robinson), Cellar’s Clough Mill (owned by Fisher, Firth & Co),
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in fact paid for the hours worked, but rather according to the amount of woollen cloth they produced, which had to be flawless. However, in others ways the mill was quite progressive, opening Bank Bottom Dining Room in 1905 to provide good quality canteen food at low prices.
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Supplementary Report of the
Central Board of Her Majesty's Commissioners Appointed to Collect Information in the Manufacturing, as to the Employment of Children in Factories, and as to the Propriety and Means of Curtailing their
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Supplementary Report of the
Central Board of Her Majesty's Commissioners Appointed to Collect Information in the Manufacturing, as to the Employment of Children in Factories, and as to the Propriety and Means of Curtailing their
171:, England. Originally a fulling mill, Bank Bottom Mill reached its heyday in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries under the ownership of the Crowther family, in particular
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and Holme Mills (owned by S, & C. Firth). Business boomed during the 1914-18 war, thanks to the huge demand for woollen cloth needed to clothe men in uniform.
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By the late 20th and early 21st century the
Yorkshire textile industry had fallen on hard times, and Bank Bottom Mill closed in 2003, with the loss of 275 jobs.
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175:, a businessman and philanthropist. However, the cloth industry declined in the late twentieth century, and production of woollen cloth finally ceased in 2003.
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and Queen Mary visited the mill on 30 May 1918, as a mark of appreciation of the contribution it was making to the continued war effort.
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In the late 19th century Bank Bottom Mill was taken over by Joseph, William and Elon
Crowther. Their company,
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227:. By this time the floor space of the mill was 57,592 square yards, and contained forty three sets of
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the
Employment of Children in Factories, and as to the Propriety and Means of Curtailing their Labour
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machines and six hundred and eighty looms in production in the early part of the twentieth century.
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The firm was not enthusiastic about the prospect of legislation on the question of child labour:
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Bank Bottom Mill is a four storey structure which dates from 1824, and was originally a
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caused the mill to work short time, and on 4 July 1931 Crowther took his own life.
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529:"Picture of the Week: John Crowther mill memories in the shadow of the moors"
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In 1834 Norris, Sykes and Fisher participated in the
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467:Marsden – Then and Now: A Photographic Journey
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578:Former textile mills in the United Kingdom
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537:, 24 May 2012. Retrieved 31 December 2013
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512:Factories Inquiry Commission Volume 2;
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348:Factories Inquiry Commission Volume 2;
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583:Industrial buildings completed in 1824
323:Huddersfield Mills: A Textile Heritage
197:report of the Factories Commissioners
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573:Buildings and structures in Kirklees
523:Marsden Local History Group web site
370:"The Crowthers Mill Owners Marsden"
325:, Wharncliffe Books (2004), p.162.
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593:2003 disestablishments in England
243:Bank Bottom Mill in its heyday,
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568:Textile mills in West Yorkshire
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588:1824 establishments in England
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525:. Retrieved 31 December 2013
534:Huddersfield Daily Examiner
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484:Pearson, Irene E. (1984).
443:Armstrong, Thomas (1991).
469:. Marsden History Group.
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554:Retrieved 4 January 2014
543:Marsden Through the Ages
519:Retrieved 4 January 2014
487:Marsden Through the Ages
445:The Crowthers of Bankdam
355:Retrieved 4 January 2014
273:The business was run by
598:Marsden, West Yorkshire
169:Marsden, West Yorkshire
81:Marsden, West Yorkshire
61:Industrial Textile Mill
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225:Golcar, West Yorkshire
221:John Crowther and Sons
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375:12 July 2012 at the
304:John Edward Crowther
275:John Edward Crowther
257:John Edward Crowther
173:John Edward Crowther
134:Construction started
118:53.59667°N 1.92944°W
541:Pearson, Irene E.,
285:Decline and closure
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66:Architectural style
53:General information
428:"Bank Bottom Mill"
321:Teasdale, Vivien;
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137:Early 19th century
123:53.59667; -1.92944
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155:Structural system
150:Technical details
45:Alternative names
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190:fulling mill
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77:Town or city
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96:Coordinates
562:Categories
546:, (1984),
476:0955717507
458:0002211025
331:1903425778
106:53°35′48″N
215:Crowthers
142:Completed
109:1°55′46″W
373:Archived
293:See also
71:Georgian
229:carding
179:History
90:England
87:Country
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517:(1834)
515:Labour
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353:(1834)
351:Labour
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310:Notes
199:into
158:Brick
69:late
548:ISBN
492:ISBN
471:ISBN
453:ISBN
327:ISBN
145:1824
58:Type
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
