1708:
359:. This key was originally added to allow easy transposition of parts for the relatively rare bass clarinet pitched in A, but it now finds significant use in concert band and other literature. A significant difference between soprano and bass clarinet key work is a key pad played by the left-hand index finger with a vent that may be uncovered for certain high notes. This allows a form of "half-hole" fingering that allows notes in higher registers to be played on the instrument. In addition, older bass clarinets have two register keys, one for middle D
1700:
40:
1877:(German notation). This sounds a major second (tone, or whole step) lower than written. For music written in bass clef, higher passages may be written in treble clef to avoid the use of excessive ledger lines, but this should not be confused with system (a), in which notes sound an octave lower than in system (b). It is therefore necessary to play the treble clef one octave higher than it would be played in French notation, so that it continues to sound a major second lower. Unlike music for the
131:
123:
1949:(even though the original parts seldom descend below written low E). However, these instruments were expensive and many players were reluctant to haul around two heavy bass clarinets to rehearsals and performances, so few of the modern bass clarinets in A were sold. Selmer ceased production of the bass clarinet in A in the late 1980s. Today, very few players own a bass clarinet in A and these parts are generally played on the B
234:
1300:
218:
570:(1845). He incorporated the instrument fully into the wind section as both a solo and supporting instrument. Wagner pioneered in exploiting the instrument's dark, somber tone to represent sadness and melancholy. Wagner was almost completely responsible for making the instrument a permanent member of the opera orchestra. The instrument plays an extensive role in
3241:
436:, the D above treble C). This gives the bass clarinet a usable range of up to four octaves, quite close to the range of the bassoon; indeed, many bass clarinetists perform works originally intended for bassoon or cello because of the plethora of literature for those two instruments and the scarcity of solo works for the bass clarinet.
1894:(Russian notation). This notation mixes the German and French systems. Music written in bass clef is played a major second lower than written (German), however when written in treble clef, it sounds a major ninth lower, so the player uses the fingerings they normally would when playing soprano clarinet (French).
1823:
manufacturer of musical instruments, designed a straight-bodied form of the bass clarinet in 1838. Sax's expertise in acoustics led him to include such features as accurately-placed, large tone holes and a second register hole. His instrument achieved great success and became the basis for all bass
1735:
or clarinet in the bass range. Four anonymous bass chalumeaux or clarinets apparently dating from the eighteenth century and having from one to six keys also appear to be among the earliest examples, and one in particular has been suggested to date from before 1750. However, the authenticity of at
1903:(Italian notation). This notation is written a major ninth higher than sounding pitch, as the French notation, however also uses bass clef. This means that the bass clef part would be read an octave lower than if reading it in German notation. The treble clef remains the same as French notation.
1766:, invented by G. Lott in Paris in 1772. This instrument has not survived and very little is known of it. The article has frequently been cited as the earliest record of a bass clarinet, but it has more recently been suggested that the basse-tube was in fact a basset horn.
1777:, c. 1793, had a folded, bassoon-like shape and an extended range, and was presumably intended to serve as a bassoon replacement in military bands. Desfontenelles of Lisieux built a bass clarinet in 1807 whose shape was similar to that of the later
365:
and below, the other for middle E and higher. Newer models typically have an automatic register key mechanism, where a single left thumb key commands the two vent holes. Depending on whether the right hand ring finger (used in fingerings for middle
1812:) in the 1830s. These last four, and several others of the same period, had bassoon-like folded shapes, and most had extended ranges. A straight-bodied instrument without extended range was produced in 1832 by Isaac Dacosta and Auguste Buffet.
863:(1976) calls for two bass clarinets, featured prominently in the lower register. Used almost percussively, the effect of deep, staccato repetitions, played beneath a static rhythmic drone, is to create a feeling of slowly fluctuating cycles.
410:. These three lowermost half-steps are played via additional keys operated by the right thumb, some of them often duplicated in the left- or right-hand little-finger key clusters. Overall, the instrument sounds an octave lower than the B
345:
of keywork, which is most often known as the 'German" system in the US, because it is commonly used in
Germany and Austria, as well as Eastern Europe and Turkey; bass clarinets produced with the Oehler system's predecessor, the
1404:, Netherlands, at which HorĂĄk was the guest of honor and played in one of the many concerts given by the leading bass clarinetists from around the world (including all the aforementioned performers, as well as many others).
1930:. Buffet made some instruments in the 1920s, but the bass in A was never produced in any great numbers, and after the 1920s very few instruments in A were made (although Fritz Wurlitzer experimented with one in the 1940s).
1926:). Probably the first bass clarinet in A was made by Johann Adam Henkel, around 1850, and a number of greater and lesser known makers continued to produce examples over the next 70 years: e.g., Stengel, Moritz, Kruspe,
1321:
Because the repertoire of solo music for the bass clarinet was quite small, most bass clarinet soloists specialize in new music, while also arranging works composed for other instruments from earlier eras (such as the
1489:
for 47 years, played bass clarinet in some of
Ellington's arrangements, first recording with it on "Saddest Tale" in 1934. He was featured soloist on many Ellington recordings, including 27 titles on bass clarinet.
1411:
the first
Basklarinet Festijn was held in the Netherlands. Initiators and artistic leaders are former students of Sparnaay and active in contemporary composed and improvised music: Fie Schouten and Tobias Klein.
479:
The bass clarinet has an appealing, rich, earthy and inky tone, quite distinct from other instruments in its range, drawing on and enhancing the qualities of the lower range of the soprano and alto instrument.
1318:(1931â2005), who is credited as having performed the first ever solo bass clarinet recital on March 23, 1955. This marked a turning point when the instrument first became thought of as a soloist's instrument.
326:(African Blackwood) or (more commonly for student-instruments) plastic resin, while saxophones are typically made of metal. (Metal bass clarinets exist, but are rare.) More significantly, all clarinets have a
1329:). Beginning with HorĂĄk, many players have commissioned works for the instrument, and consequently there now exists a repertoire of hundreds of solo works, many by prominent international composers such as
309:
Most modern bass clarinets are straight-bodied, with a small upturned silver-colored metal bell and curved metal neck. Early examples varied in shape, some having a doubled body making them look similar to
289:
clarinet. Bass clarinets in other keys, notably C and A, also exist, but are very rare (in contrast to the regular A clarinet, which is quite common in classical music). Bass clarinets regularly perform in
1933:
Despite its relative rarity, important works by some prominent composers featured the bass clarinet in A, and in the early 20th century makers began regularly offering Bâ bass clarinets equipped with an
1507:(1928â1964) was the first major jazz soloist on the instrument, and established much of the vocabulary and technique used by later performers. He used the entire range of the instrument in his solos.
452:
since the mid-19th century, becoming more common during the middle and latter part of the 20th century. A bass clarinet is not always called for in orchestra music, but is almost always called for in
419:
As with all wind instruments, the upper limit of the range depends on the quality of the instrument and skill of the clarinetist. According to Aber and
Lerstad, who give fingerings up to written C
751:(equivalent to the bassoon's lowest two notes) in many of their compositions and an instrument with the extended range is necessary for works such as Shostakovich's Symphonies Nos.
330:
that is basically the same diameter along the body. This cylindrical bore differs from the saxophone's conical one and gives the clarinet its characteristic tone, causing it to
208:
1943:
In the 1970s there was a mild revival of interest in the instrument, and Selmer of Paris produced a few instruments pitched in A with Boehm system key work and keyed to low E
1757:. Whether this should be considered a low basset horn or a bass clarinet is a matter of opinion. In any case, no further work along this line is known to have been done.
1868:(French notation). This sounds an octave and a major second lower than written and therefore uses the same fingerings as the soprano clarinet, and is the most common.
1415:
At least two professional bass-clarinet quartets exist. Rocco Parisi's Bass
Clarinet Quartet is an Italian group whose repertoire includes transcriptions of music by
456:
music. In recent years, the bass clarinet has also seen a growing repertoire of solo literature including compositions for the instrument alone, or accompanied by
714:, Op. 35. Strauss wrote for the instrument as he did for the smaller clarinets, and the parts often include playing in very high registers, such as in
2965:
2257:
515:
222:
207:
1707:
3112:
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or mouthpiece, and appears to date from the first half of the eighteenth century. Its wide cylindrical bore and its fingering suggest it was a
2337:
1431:
is the name of a bass clarinet quartet based in San
Francisco. Their repertoire includes original "heavy chamber music" and transcriptions of
2614:
2190:
496:, in which a lengthy solo introduces Emma's scene in Act 2. (Mercadante actually specified a glicibarifono for this part.) Two years later,
3074:
2726:
1790:) in 1807; Nicola Papalini, c. 1810 (an odd design, in the form of a serpentine series of curves, carved out of wood); George Catlin of
1310:
It was not until the 1950s that classical performers began to adopt the bass clarinet as their primary instrument. The pioneer was the
2753:
597:
66:
1045:
in May 2009. First version for bass clarinet and string orchestra (Concertino
Silvestre Op.14) premiered in Guatemala in July 2009.
2311:
907:"Lunar Vistas" for solo bass clarinet, "Three Euphonics for Solo Bass Clarinet," "Color'tudes" for bass clarinet and piano (2021)
2666:
1613:
796:
314:. The bass clarinet is fairly heavy and is supported either with a neck strap or an adjustable peg attached to its body. While
764:
2048:
791:
787:
760:
756:
752:
737:, often favored the instrument over the bassoon, the instrument's closest relative in terms of range. Russian composers
206:
2940:
1980:
694:'s symphonies include the instrument prominently, and often contain lengthy solos for the instrument, especially in his
2696:
2231:
1845:, but was not a bass clarinet in the modern sense; since the late eighteenth century this instrument has been called a
1259:
There is a rich and diverse chamber repertoire for bass clarinet and other instruments, including LeoĹĄ JanĂĄÄek's suite
3408:
1495:
1271:
1133:
881:. A great amount of literature can be found in the wind ensemble, in which there is always a part for the instrument.
1147:
772:
298:, and occasionally in marching bands, and play an occasional solo role in contemporary music and jazz in particular.
2206:
2126:
1115:
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1836:
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Additional designs were developed by many other makers, including Dumas of Sommières (who called his instrument a
1715:
There are several instruments that can arguably be considered the first bass clarinet. Probably the earliest is a
1699:
488:
Perhaps the earliest solo passages for bass clarinetâindeed, among the earliest parts for the instrumentâoccur in
39:
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2185:. Landmarks in Music Since 1950. Farnham, Surrey, and Burlington,Vermont: Ashgate Publishing. p. 110.
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Most modern Boehm system bass clarinets have an "extension" key allowing them to play to the (written) E
195:
3205:
2980:
2846:
768:
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95:
1751:. It resembles early sickle-shaped basset horns, but has a larger bore and is longer, playing in low B
3135:
2821:
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1653:
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was one of the first of the
Romantics to use the bass clarinet in his large-scale works such as the
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1326:
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1123:
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Many modern composers employ the bass along with the contra-alto and contrabass clarinets, such as
804:
also wrote complex parts for the instrument throughout his career, most prominently in his ballets
783:
738:
537:
174:
159:
81:
59:
1908:
Music is occasionally encountered written for the bass clarinet in A, e.g., in Wagner operas, and
1617:
432:), the highest note commonly encountered in modern solo literature is the E below that (sounding D
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2995:
2985:
1997:
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1616:. Very few performers have used the instrument exclusively, but such performers include American
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140:
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There are many important solo pieces, duos, sonatas and concertos for bass clarinet, including:
322:, the two instruments are fundamentally different. Bass clarinet bodies are most often made of
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2414:
Mestrom, Maarten (March 2005). "The First World Bass
Clarinet Convention in Rotterdam 2005".
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From the
Clarinet d'Amour to the Contra Bass: A History of Large Size Clarinets, 1740â1860
1993:
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154:
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1564:(to whom Dolphy's mother left some of Dolphy's instruments including his bass clarinet),
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songs. Two of the members of Edmund Welles also perform as a bass clarinet duo, Sqwonk.
1233:
341:
of keys and fingering. However, bass clarinets are also manufactured in Germany with the
2630:
Eliason, Robert E. (1983). "George Catlin, Hartford Musical Instrument Maker (Part 2)".
1916:
symphonies. This music tends to be written in bass clef, although not invariably (e.g.
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3257:
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301:
Someone who plays a bass clarinet is called a bass clarinettist or a bass clarinetist.
778:
Prokofiev wrote parts for the instrument in his Symphonies Nos. 2â7 and in his ballet
3397:
3299:
3210:
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3175:
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1508:
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1109:
1075:
708:, and the instrument shared the spotlight with the tenor tuba in his 1898 tone poem,
691:
673:
532:
502:
465:
375:
Many professional or advanced bass clarinet models extend down to a low C (sounding B
347:
342:
169:
114:
2674:
1636:
is known for idiosyncratic use of the bass clarinet on some klezmer and jazz tunes.
1532:
While the bass clarinet has been used often since Dolphy, it is typically used by a
233:
3344:
3304:
3267:
3230:
3121:
3079:
1940:
extension key, so that bass parts in A could be transposed onto the Bâ instrument.
1601:
1597:
1517:
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1390:
1382:
1167:
1130:
Season 1 Theme features a Bass Clarinet which is use for the bass line in the song.
1103:
1069:
1024:
1014:
946:
936:
910:
867:
806:
730:
453:
449:
295:
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2526:
van der Meer, John Henry (1987). "The Typology and History of the Bass Clarinet".
2099:
655:
337:
A majority of modern bass clarinets, like other clarinets in the family, have the
2494:
The New Desor, An updated edition of Duke Ellington's Story on Records, 1924â1974
1459:
can be heard on his 1924 recording "Battleship Kate" and a bass clarinet solo by
3324:
3272:
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1913:
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527:
331:
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164:
2387:
KovĂĄrnovĂĄ, Emma (December 2014). "Josef HorĂĄk â Pioneer of the Bass Clarinet".
2338:"Deuss Music â nieuw gecomponeerde kunstmuziek en opera â Werken â RozalieHirs"
2073:
3314:
2587:
2010:
1972:
1882:
1684:
1299:
916:
888:
734:
469:
323:
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2400:
690:
The later Romantics used the bass clarinet frequently in their works. All of
17:
3377:
3319:
3284:
3277:
3262:
3200:
3150:
2831:
1778:
1732:
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emerged in the late 1960s as a primary player of the instrument, playing on
1401:
1338:
639:
445:
319:
291:
217:
106:
2286:
1037:: Concerto Silvestre for bass clarinet and orchestra Op.14a. Premiered by
775:. All of these works exploit the instrument's dark, powerful lower range.
391:), two octaves below written middle C. At concert pitch this note is the B
3372:
3339:
3329:
3289:
3215:
2762:
2568:
Young, Phillip T. (1981). "A Bass Clarinet by the Mayrhofers of Passau".
2232:"Advice from a Caterpillar â Unsuk Chin, by Fie Schouten â bass clarinet"
2134:
1922:
1781:. It had thirteen keys, at a time when most soprano clarinets had fewer.
1724:
1657:
1493:
The first jazz album on which the leader solely played bass clarinet was
1365:), Fie Schouten (artistic director Basklarinet Festijn; worked with o.a.
584:
543:
250:
179:
2701:
1857:
Orchestral music for bass clarinet is written using one of four systems:
3180:
1878:
1716:
531:, Op. 29 (1863). Later French composers to use the instrument included
382:
311:
1529:
group. His style resembles Dolphy's in its use of advanced harmonies.
1400:
In October 2005, the First World Bass Clarinet Convention was held in
334:
at the twelfth (octave + fifth) compared with the saxophone's octave.
3382:
1744:
825:
The bass clarinet has a solo at the opening of the third movement of
280:
2711:
1184:: concerto for clarinet/bass clarinet and symphony orchestra (2012).
1674:'s band in the late 1960s, playing bass clarinet on the 1969 album
1728:
1298:
702:
wrote for the instrument in all of his symphonic poems except for
681:
wrote some prominent solos for the instrument in his last ballet,
661:
457:
372:
and below) is down or up, the lower or upper vent hole will open.
232:
216:
204:
1806:) in 1812; Gottlieb Streitwolf in 1828; and Catterino Catterini (
1214:
for bass clarinet and electronic music (a separable component of
989:
for Klezmer clarinetist (soprano clarinets, bass clarinet and/or
3240:
3225:
1452:
621:
595:
wrote important parts for the instrument in his symphonic poems
535:, who wrote virtuosic parts for the bass clarinet in his ballet
500:
wrote an important solo for bass clarinet in Act 4 of his opera
473:
3094:
3090:
2735:
2716:
1691:", bass clarinets are played by George Marge and Walter Kane.
1475:
recorded with the instrument a few times early in his career.
1353:(Netherlands, who has worked with important composers such as
671:, used the bass clarinet in all of his operas, beginning with
2648:
Bowen, Keith; "Aufsteig und Fall der Bassklarinette in A,";
564:
also make extensive use of the bass clarinet, beginning with
318:
imitated its upturned metal bell in his design of the larger
237:
Two short bass clarinets, on the right side made from boxwood
1760:
A 1772 newspaper article describes an instrument called the
1503:, better known as a flautist. However, avant-garde musician
1337:. In addition to HorĂĄk, other specialist performers include
913:
Concerto for Bass Clarinet and Chamber Orchestra (1985â1987)
129:
121:
2731:
786:
used the instrument to great effect in his Symphonies Nos.
1743:
there is an instrument made c. 1770 by the Mayrhofers of
1082:
for solo bass clarinet (can also be played as a duo with
444:
The bass clarinet has been regularly used in scoring for
2706:
2470:
2207:"Façade-Trio (1998) â Georges Aperghis, by Fie Schouten"
1540:
as a second or third instrument; such musicians include
953:
dance set for bass clarinet (or contrabass or contralto)
2554:(Second Revised ed.). London: Ernest Benn Limited.
850:
scored for "the inky sounds of three bass clarinets".
591:
Also around this time, Hungarian pianist and composer
397:
below the second ledger line below the bass staff or B
1154:
for solo bass clarinet, strings and percussion (2019)
866:
One of the most performed works for Bass Clarinet is
221:
Four modern short bass clarinets, from left to right
1736:
least one of these instruments has been questioned.
1397:(United States); the latter two are also composers.
460:, orchestra, or other ensemble. It is also used in
3353:
3248:
3128:
3062:
3004:
2901:
2860:
2769:
1747:, who are often credited with the invention of the
1096:: Triple Concerto for clarinet, bass clarinet, and
870:'s Black, with over 3,000 performances as of 2024.
187:
139:
113:
94:
65:
58:
2632:Journal of the American Musical Instrument Society
2312:"Verlag Neue Musik â Tussen Rede en Gevoel NM2839"
1451:While the bass clarinet was seldom heard in early
350:, are still in use, particularly in these areas.
2492:Massagli, Luciano; VolontĂŠ, Giovanni M. (1999).
213:A short sample of the sound of the bass clarinet
53:Buffet Crampon Prestige 1193 + Yamaha YCL 622 II
2035:The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments
959:Concerto for Bass Clarinet and Orchestra (1996)
891:Concerto for Bass Clarinet and Orchestra (2018)
1955:instrument, transposing them down a semitone.
1711:The serpentine bass clarinet by Papalini, 1820
3106:
2747:
1807:
1664:, is played by session musician Paul Harvey.
8:
2707:International Bass Clarinet Research Center
2563:
2561:
1840:
1801:
1795:
1785:
1761:
969:(2018) 2 x bass clarinet, cello, double bass
32:
1349:(United States), Tommie Lundberg (Sweden),
1112:: Concerto for bass clarinet and orchestra.
3113:
3099:
3091:
2754:
2740:
2732:
2727:Bass Clarinet Quarter-Tone Fingering Chart
2545:
2543:
2541:
2521:
2519:
2517:
997:, later arranged for solo clarinetist and
1283:for flute, bass clarinet & piano and
2673:(interview) (in Spanish). Archived from
2442:"Basklarinet Festijn 2014 â Basklarinet"
2033:Sadie, Stanley, ed. (1984). "Clarinet".
1706:
1698:
2025:
1964:
1471:and His Red Hot Peppers. Additionally,
1255:for bass clarinet and chamber orchestra
1021:(2012) bass clarinet & electronics
1455:compositions, a bass clarinet solo by
516:Grande symphonie funèbre et triomphale
472:, and has played a persistent role in
31:
2609:. New York: Oxford University Press.
2281:
2279:
987:Dreams and Prayers of Isaac the Blind
933:for bass clarinet and strings (2007).
7:
3075:Category:Clarinetists by nationality
2363:"Klein: Leichte Ăberlappungen (PDF)"
2287:"MUSIC FOR CLARINET by Daniel Dorff"
1463:can be heard in the 1926 recording "
1041:and the GUSO Orchestra conducted by
2665:Mazzini, Marco A. (April 2, 2005).
1800:) c. 1810; Sautermeister of Lyons (
1660:, scored and conducted by producer
1174:in a version for solo bass clarinet
1068:for solo bass clarinet (1991) (For
649:. Following in Verdi's footsteps,
619:followed suit, using it in Ernani,
2183:Leonard Bernstein, West Side Story
2009:An example of this notation is in
1992:An example of this notation is in
1971:An example of this notation is in
1291:for ensemble incl. bass clarinet.
229:1430P, E. M. Winston, Leblanc 330S
25:
547:(1920), and his orchestration of
3239:
2592:A History of Musical Instruments
1885:is not used for higher passages.
1703:Glicibarifono by Catterini, 1838
1670:(Victor Hayden) was a member of
1620:, Berlin-based bass clarinetist
1521:as well as several records with
1407:In April 2014, 70th birthday of
1228:for unaccompanied bass clarinet.
1208:for unaccompanied bass clarinet,
296:wind ensembles and concert bands
273:on which a written C sounds as B
38:
2367:Alea Publishing & Recording
2157:"Bass clarinet | VSL â Academy"
1624:, and French bass clarinetists
1106:: Black, for two Bass Clarinets
901:(2 x bass clarinet, percussion)
598:Ce qu'on entend sur la montagne
525:, Op. 22 (1849), and the opera
175:Contra-alto/contrabass clarinet
96:HornbostelâSachs classification
2712:World Bass Clarinet Foundation
2256:Bruce, Keith (June 20, 2007).
2125:Aber, Thomas; Lerstad, Terje.
1727:. It is incomplete, lacking a
1142:Double bass-clarinet concerto.
677:in 1889. The Russian composer
603:What One Hears on the Mountain
1:
2550:Rendall, F. Geoffrey (1957).
2100:"Moennig metal bass clarinet"
1862:Conventional treble clef in B
1656:", a prominent bass clarinet
1139:Bass clarinet concerto (2014)
943:five scenes for bass clarinet
253:family. Like the more common
27:Member of the clarinet family
2463:"Sqwonk â Bass Clarinet Duo"
2260:. The Herald. Archived from
2053:Oxford Learners Dictionaries
1164:(2014â2016) 2 bass clarinets
745:used the low concert C and B
263:, it is usually pitched in B
188:More articles or information
2258:"The Saint and the Shebeen"
1496:Great Ideas of Western Mann
1341:(Netherlands), his student
1269:), Karlheinz Stockhausen's
1031:for bass clarinet and piano
794:and in his symphonic poem,
3430:
2697:Bass Clarinet Bibliography
1719:-shaped instrument in the
3237:
2702:Clarinet Fingering Charts
2594:. New York: W. W. Norton.
1981:The Sorcerer's Apprentice
1721:Museum Carolino Augusteum
921:Advice from a Caterpillar
696:Symphony No. 6 in A minor
554:Pictures at an Exhibition
408:scientific pitch notation
279:), but it plays notes an
192:
146:
120:
37:
2961:Jupiter Band Instruments
2722:Clarinet Fingering Chart
2605:Rice, Albert R. (2009).
2316:www.verlag-neue-musik.de
1839:was originally called a
1827:The instrument on which
1824:clarinet designs since.
1242:, bass clarinet solo in
1058:: Solo identity I (1972)
1052:(2018) 2 x bass clarinet
1035:Rafael Leonardo Junchaya
1011:(2016) 3 x bass clarinet
679:Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
2931:Johann Christoph Denner
2916:Backun Musical Services
2717:World Clarinet Alliance
2570:J. Amer. Mus. Inst. Soc
2528:J. Amer. Mus. Inst. Soc
2181:Simeone, Nigel (2009).
1833:Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
716:Also Sprach Zarathustra
579:Der Ring des Nibelungen
2981:Schwenk & Seggelke
2236:Fie Schouten clarinets
2211:Fie Schouten clarinets
2127:"Altissimo Fingerings"
2104:Bass Clarinet A Go Go!
1841:
1808:
1802:
1796:
1786:
1762:
1712:
1704:
1632:. Klezmer clarinetist
1307:
1295:Soloists and ensembles
1194:for solo bass clarinet
1128:Toby the Tram Engine's
979:for solo bass clarinet
941:Flowers of St. Francis
931:The Seas of Kirk Swarf
860:Music for 18 Musicians
723:Second Viennese School
576:(1859), the operas of
271:transposing instrument
238:
230:
214:
134:
126:
3368:Low-frequency effects
3042:Clarinet-violin-piano
2837:Quarter tone clarinet
2496:. Milan. p. 350.
1792:Hartford, Connecticut
1710:
1702:
1393:(United States), and
1306:playing bass clarinet
1302:
1198:Karlheinz Stockhausen
1050:Leichte Ăberlappungen
1039:Marco Antonio Mazzini
967:Tussen Rede en Gevoel
519:, Op. 15 (1840), the
236:
220:
212:
196:Category:Clarinetists
133:
125:
3136:Acoustic bass guitar
3052:Clarinet-cello-piano
3047:Clarinet-viola-piano
2827:Contrabass clarinets
2822:Contra-alto clarinet
2037:. London: Macmillan.
1487:baritone saxophonist
1188:Johannes Maria Staud
1124:Thomas & Friends
1056:Jos Kunst (composer)
1009:Featherlight monkeys
927:Peter Maxwell Davies
628:La forza del destino
484:Musical compositions
72:woodwind instrument
3191:Contrabass trombone
2951:Leitner & Kraus
2936:Benedikt Eppelsheim
2652:26 (2011) pp. 3â11.
2508:"It's All Too Much"
2291:www.danieldorff.com
2078:The Free Dictionary
1098:contrabass clarinet
784:Sergei Rachmaninoff
739:Dmitri Shostakovich
381:, identical to the
283:below the soprano B
141:Related instruments
60:Woodwind instrument
34:
3409:B-flat instruments
2996:Yamaha Corporation
2847:Clarinette d'amour
2137:on August 28, 2006
2013:'s "Canti per 13".
1998:The Rite of Spring
1741:Munich Stadtmuseum
1713:
1705:
1677:Trout Mask Replica
1648:1967 recording of
1515:'s seminal record
1465:Someday Sweetheart
1395:Michael Lowenstern
1308:
1148:Osmo Tapio Räihälä
1122:(the composers of
1029:Met spoed (Urgent)
831:Grand Canyon Suite
819:The Rite of Spring
573:Tristan und Isolde
416:soprano clarinet.
247:musical instrument
239:
231:
215:
135:
127:
3391:
3390:
3141:Bass (voice type)
3088:
3087:
3017:Clarinet concerto
2991:Herbert Wurlitzer
2956:Howarth of London
2861:Fingering systems
2616:978-0-19-971117-8
2510:. March 15, 2008.
2473:on March 23, 2018
2192:978-0-7546-6484-0
1837:clarinet concerto
1787:"Basse guerrière"
1672:Captain Beefheart
1668:The Mascara Snake
1654:It's All Too Much
1610:Gianluigi Trovesi
1469:Jelly Roll Morton
1331:Brian Ferneyhough
875:Esa-Pekka Salonen
853:Early minimalist
848:Leonard Bernstein
727:Arnold Schoenberg
721:Composers of the
549:Modest Mussorgsky
498:Giacomo Meyerbeer
269:(meaning it is a
210:
203:
202:
16:(Redirected from
3421:
3243:
3171:Bass synthesizer
3115:
3108:
3101:
3092:
3032:Clarinet quartet
3027:Clarinet quintet
2946:Heinrich Grenser
2806:
2805:
2795:
2794:
2784:
2783:
2756:
2749:
2742:
2733:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2677:on June 26, 2006
2667:"Harry Sparnaay"
2653:
2646:
2640:
2639:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2602:
2596:
2595:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2565:
2556:
2555:
2547:
2536:
2535:
2523:
2512:
2511:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2489:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2478:
2469:. Archived from
2459:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2438:
2432:
2431:
2411:
2405:
2404:
2384:
2378:
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2375:
2373:
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2324:
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2308:
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2299:
2297:
2283:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2264:on June 29, 2007
2253:
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2228:
2222:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2178:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2167:
2153:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2133:. Archived from
2122:
2116:
2115:
2113:
2111:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2030:
2014:
2007:
2001:
1990:
1984:
1969:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1947:
1939:
1938:
1902:
1901:
1893:
1892:
1876:
1875:
1867:
1866:
1844:
1811:
1805:
1799:
1789:
1775:Heinrich Grenser
1771:Klarinetten-Bass
1765:
1756:
1755:
1371:Michael Finnissy
1367:Georges Aperghis
1158:Rebecca Saunders
1134:Jonathan Russell
999:string orchestra
963:Michael Finnissy
895:Georges Aperghis
797:Isle of The Dead
780:Romeo and Juliet
750:
749:
743:Sergei Prokofiev
668:Madame Butterfly
634:Simon Boccanegra
538:Daphnis et ChloĂŠ
509:French composer
494:Emma d'Antiochia
428:
427:
415:
414:
402:
401:
396:
395:
390:
389:
380:
379:
371:
370:
364:
363:
358:
357:
288:
287:
278:
277:
268:
267:
260:
259:
211:
160:Clarinet d'amore
50:
49:
42:
35:
21:
3429:
3428:
3424:
3423:
3422:
3420:
3419:
3418:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3387:
3355:
3349:
3250:
3244:
3235:
3124:
3119:
3089:
3084:
3058:
3022:Clarinet sonata
3000:
2903:Clarinet makers
2897:
2856:
2842:Basset clarinet
2803:
2802:
2792:
2791:
2781:
2780:
2771:Clarinet family
2765:
2760:
2693:
2680:
2678:
2664:
2661:
2659:Further reading
2656:
2647:
2643:
2629:
2628:
2624:
2617:
2604:
2603:
2599:
2586:
2585:
2581:
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2515:
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2413:
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2254:
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2215:
2213:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2193:
2180:
2179:
2175:
2165:
2163:
2155:
2154:
2150:
2140:
2138:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2109:
2107:
2106:. March 1, 2008
2098:
2097:
2093:
2083:
2081:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2057:
2055:
2047:
2046:
2042:
2032:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2008:
2004:
1994:Igor Stravinsky
1991:
1987:
1970:
1966:
1961:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1944:
1936:
1935:
1906:
1899:
1898:
1890:
1889:
1873:
1872:
1864:
1863:
1855:
1847:basset clarinet
1842:Bass-Klarinette
1809:"glicibarifono"
1753:
1752:
1697:
1689:Babylon Sisters
1650:George Harrison
1642:
1606:Paul McCandless
1457:Wilbur Sweatman
1449:
1297:
1205:In Freundschaft
1178:Benjamin Staern
1120:Junior Campbell
1043:Steven Decraene
983:Osvaldo Golijov
957:Anders Eliasson
843:West Side Story
838:A Boy Like That
802:Igor Stravinsky
747:
746:
700:Richard Strauss
651:Giacomo Puccini
486:
462:clarinet choirs
442:
435:
431:
425:
424:
422:
412:
411:
405:
399:
398:
393:
392:
387:
386:
377:
376:
368:
367:
361:
360:
355:
354:
307:
285:
284:
275:
274:
265:
264:
257:
256:
205:
155:Basset clarinet
149:Clarinet family
128:
101:
54:
52:
51:bass clarinets:
47:
46:
44:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3427:
3425:
3417:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3396:
3395:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3363:Bass amplifier
3359:
3357:
3351:
3350:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3310:Unfigured bass
3307:
3302:
3297:
3295:Basso continuo
3292:
3287:
3282:
3281:
3280:
3275:
3265:
3260:
3258:Alternate bass
3254:
3252:
3246:
3245:
3238:
3236:
3234:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3221:Pedal keyboard
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3166:Bass saxophone
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3138:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3125:
3120:
3118:
3117:
3110:
3103:
3095:
3086:
3085:
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3082:
3077:
3072:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3056:
3055:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3012:Clarinet choir
3008:
3006:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2926:Buffet Crampon
2923:
2921:E. K. Blessing
2918:
2913:
2907:
2905:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2864:
2862:
2858:
2857:
2855:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2798:
2787:
2775:
2773:
2767:
2766:
2761:
2759:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2736:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2692:
2691:External links
2689:
2688:
2687:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2654:
2641:
2622:
2615:
2597:
2579:
2557:
2537:
2513:
2499:
2484:
2454:
2433:
2406:
2379:
2354:
2336:Music, Deuss.
2328:
2303:
2275:
2248:
2223:
2198:
2191:
2173:
2148:
2117:
2091:
2065:
2049:"clarinettist"
2040:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2002:
1985:
1977:symphonic poem
1963:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1905:
1904:
1897:Bass clef in B
1895:
1888:Bass clef in B
1886:
1871:Bass clef in B
1869:
1859:
1854:
1851:
1696:
1693:
1687:'s 1980 song "
1641:
1638:
1523:Herbie Hancock
1483:Duke Ellington
1448:
1445:
1409:Harry Sparnaay
1375:Theo Loevendie
1363:Morton Feldman
1359:Iannis Xenakis
1351:Harry Sparnaay
1296:
1293:
1277:Theo Loevendie
1257:
1256:
1249:Nigel Westlake
1246:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1221:
1209:
1195:
1185:
1175:
1165:
1155:
1145:
1144:
1143:
1140:
1131:
1116:Mike O'Donnell
1113:
1107:
1101:
1094:Donald Martino
1091:
1084:Claude Debussy
1073:
1059:
1053:
1048:Tobias Klein:
1046:
1032:
1022:
1012:
1002:
995:string quartet
980:
970:
960:
954:
951:In A Deep Funk
944:
934:
924:
914:
908:
905:Howard J. Buss
902:
892:
879:Piano Concerto
684:The Nutcracker
653:, composer of
617:Giuseppe Verdi
612:Dante Symphony
562:Richard Wagner
560:The operas of
511:Hector Berlioz
485:
482:
466:marching bands
441:
438:
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429:
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201:
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118:
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89:
84:
79:
69:
67:Classification
63:
62:
56:
55:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3426:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
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3399:
3384:
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3379:
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3333:
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3321:
3318:
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3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
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3288:
3286:
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3279:
3276:
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3271:
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3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3247:
3242:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3211:Keyboard bass
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3186:Contrabassoon
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3176:Bass trombone
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3146:Bass clarinet
3144:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3133:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3116:
3111:
3109:
3104:
3102:
3097:
3096:
3093:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3070:Benny Goodman
3068:
3067:
3065:
3061:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3039:
3038:
3037:Clarinet trio
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3003:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
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2959:
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2954:
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2942:
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2927:
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2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
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2904:
2900:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2865:
2863:
2859:
2853:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2817:Bass clarinet
2815:
2813:
2812:Alto clarinet
2810:
2808:
2799:
2797:
2788:
2786:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2772:
2768:
2764:
2757:
2752:
2750:
2745:
2743:
2738:
2737:
2734:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2694:
2690:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2651:
2645:
2642:
2637:
2633:
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2623:
2618:
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2608:
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2598:
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2546:
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2166:September 21,
2162:
2158:
2152:
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2132:
2128:
2121:
2118:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2080:. Farlex, Inc
2079:
2075:
2074:"Clarinetist"
2069:
2066:
2054:
2050:
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2036:
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2026:
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2012:
2006:
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1870:
1861:
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1852:
1850:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1834:
1831:first played
1830:
1829:Anton Stadler
1825:
1822:
1818:
1813:
1810:
1804:
1803:"Basse-orgue"
1798:
1793:
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1662:George Martin
1659:
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1637:
1635:
1634:Giora Feidman
1631:
1627:
1626:Louis Sclavis
1623:
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1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1594:Michel Portal
1591:
1590:Gunter Hampel
1587:
1586:Julian Siegel
1583:
1579:
1575:
1574:Steve Buckley
1571:
1567:
1566:Brian Landrus
1563:
1562:John Coltrane
1559:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1546:Marcus Miller
1543:
1539:
1535:
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1524:
1520:
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1514:
1510:
1509:Bennie Maupin
1506:
1502:
1498:
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1491:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1474:
1473:Benny Goodman
1470:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1437:boogie-woogie
1434:
1430:
1429:Edmund Welles
1426:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1410:
1405:
1403:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1380:
1379:Louis Sclavis
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1355:Luciano Berio
1352:
1348:
1347:Dennis Smylie
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1325:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1305:
1301:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1286:
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1278:
1274:
1273:
1272:Kontra-Punkte
1268:
1264:
1263:
1254:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1235:
1232:
1227:
1226:
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1219:
1218:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1193:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1182:Worried Souls
1179:
1176:
1173:
1169:
1166:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1110:Thea Musgrave
1108:
1105:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1076:Ivana Loudova
1074:
1071:
1067:
1066:Press Release
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1023:
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1016:
1013:
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1003:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
981:
978:
974:
973:James Gardner
971:
968:
964:
961:
958:
955:
952:
948:
945:
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935:
932:
928:
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922:
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876:
871:
869:
864:
862:
861:
856:
851:
849:
845:
844:
839:
836:In the duet "
834:
832:
828:
823:
821:
820:
815:
814:
809:
808:
803:
799:
798:
793:
789:
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766:
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740:
736:
732:
728:
724:
719:
717:
713:
712:
707:
706:
701:
697:
693:
692:Gustav Mahler
688:
686:
685:
680:
676:
675:
670:
669:
664:
663:
658:
657:
652:
648:
647:
642:
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636:
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629:
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569:
568:
563:
558:
556:
555:
550:
546:
545:
540:
539:
534:
533:Maurice Ravel
530:
529:
524:
523:
518:
517:
512:
507:
505:
504:
503:Les Huguenots
499:
495:
491:
483:
481:
477:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
439:
437:
417:
409:
384:
373:
351:
349:
348:Albert system
344:
343:Oehler system
340:
335:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
304:
302:
299:
297:
293:
282:
272:
262:
252:
248:
244:
243:bass clarinet
235:
228:
227:Signet Selmer
224:
219:
197:
194:
193:
191:
186:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
170:Alto clarinet
168:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
153:
152:
151:
150:
145:
142:
138:
132:
124:
119:
116:
115:Playing range
112:
108:
105:
104:Single-reeded
99:
97:
93:
88:
85:
83:
80:
78:
75:
74:
73:
70:
68:
64:
61:
57:
41:
36:
33:Bass clarinet
30:
19:
18:Bass Clarinet
3414:Bass (sound)
3356:reproduction
3345:Walking bass
3305:Figured bass
3268:Bass effects
3249:Performance/
3231:Washtub bass
3145:
3122:Bass (sound)
3080:Mezz Mezzrow
3063:Clarinetists
2878:Reform Boehm
2816:
2679:. Retrieved
2675:the original
2670:
2649:
2644:
2635:
2631:
2625:
2606:
2600:
2591:
2582:
2573:
2569:
2552:The Clarinet
2551:
2531:
2527:
2502:
2493:
2487:
2475:. Retrieved
2471:the original
2466:
2457:
2445:. Retrieved
2436:
2422:(2): 56â57.
2419:
2416:The Clarinet
2415:
2409:
2392:
2389:The Clarinet
2388:
2382:
2370:. Retrieved
2366:
2357:
2345:. Retrieved
2341:
2331:
2319:. Retrieved
2315:
2306:
2294:. Retrieved
2290:
2266:. Retrieved
2262:the original
2251:
2239:. Retrieved
2235:
2226:
2214:. Retrieved
2210:
2201:
2182:
2176:
2164:. Retrieved
2161:www.vsl.info
2160:
2151:
2139:. Retrieved
2135:the original
2130:
2120:
2108:. Retrieved
2103:
2094:
2082:. Retrieved
2077:
2068:
2056:. Retrieved
2052:
2043:
2034:
2028:
2005:
1988:
1967:
1942:
1932:
1927:
1921:
1907:
1856:
1826:
1814:
1783:
1770:
1768:
1763:"basse-tube"
1759:
1738:
1714:
1682:
1675:
1666:
1643:
1618:Michael Pinz
1614:Chris Potter
1602:Yusef Lateef
1598:Myron Walden
1570:James Carter
1554:John Gilmore
1542:David Murray
1531:
1518:Bitches Brew
1516:
1494:
1492:
1479:Harry Carney
1477:
1450:
1414:
1406:
1399:
1391:Evan Ziporyn
1383:Rozalie Hirs
1327:Cello Suites
1320:
1309:
1288:
1280:
1270:
1266:
1260:
1258:
1252:
1243:
1237:
1234:JĂśrg Widmann
1223:
1215:
1211:
1203:
1191:
1181:
1171:
1168:Jeroen Speak
1161:
1151:
1104:Marc Mellits
1087:
1079:
1070:Evan Ziporyn
1065:
1049:
1028:
1025:Guus Janssen
1018:
1015:Rozalie Hirs
1008:
986:
976:
966:
950:
947:Daniel Dorff
940:
937:Daniel Dorff
930:
920:
911:Ann Callaway
898:
883:
872:
868:Marc Mellits
865:
858:
852:
841:
835:
824:
817:
811:
807:The Firebird
805:
795:
779:
777:
769:LeoĹĄ JanĂĄÄek
731:Anton Webern
720:
715:
709:
703:
689:
682:
672:
666:
660:
654:
644:
638:
632:
626:
620:
610:
606:
602:
596:
590:
583:
582:(1876), and
577:
571:
565:
559:
552:
542:
536:
526:
520:
514:
508:
501:
493:
490:Mercadante's
487:
478:
470:film scoring
454:concert band
450:concert band
443:
418:
374:
352:
339:Boehm system
336:
308:
300:
242:
240:
148:
147:
100:422.211.2â71
71:
29:
3325:Lament bass
3273:Bass chorus
3196:Double bass
3161:Bass pedals
3156:Bass guitar
3129:Instruments
2976:Adolphe Sax
2971:Iwan MĂźller
2941:Stephen Fox
2911:Amati-Denak
2852:Basset horn
2588:Sachs, Curt
2447:November 9,
2372:November 9,
2347:November 9,
2342:Deuss Music
2321:November 9,
2296:November 6,
2241:November 9,
2216:November 9,
1914:Rachmaninov
1817:Adolphe Sax
1749:basset horn
1646:The Beatles
1630:Denis Colin
1622:Rudi Mahall
1578:Andy Biskin
1558:Bob Mintzer
1550:John Surman
1538:clarinetist
1534:saxophonist
1513:Miles Davis
1505:Eric Dolphy
1501:Herbie Mann
1461:Omer Simeon
1441:heavy metal
1439:tunes, and
1387:Jason Alder
1343:LuĂs Afonso
1316:Josef HorĂĄk
1304:Tara Bouman
1285:Beat Furrer
1253:Invocations
1005:Ig Henneman
991:basset horn
899:Façade-Trio
855:Steve Reich
827:Ferde GrofĂŠ
816:(1911) and
773:Sinfonietta
711:Don Quixote
593:Franz Liszt
528:Les Troyens
492:1834 opera
423:(sounding B
385:'s lowest B
316:Adolphe Sax
305:Description
165:Basset horn
87:Single-reed
3398:Categories
3315:Partimento
2807:) clarinet
2801:Soprano (B
2650:ârohrblatt
2467:Sqwonk.com
2141:October 1,
2021:References
2011:Luigi Nono
1973:Paul Dukas
1883:tenor clef
1685:Steely Dan
1499:(1957) by
1345:(Brazil),
1335:David Lang
1314:performer
1244:Praeludium
1192:Black Moon
1152:Claroscuro
1062:David Lang
917:Unsuk Chin
889:Kalevi Aho
735:Alban Berg
718:, Op. 30.
609:, and his
567:Tannhäuser
324:grenadilla
320:saxophones
292:orchestras
109:with keys)
3404:Clarinets
3378:Subwoofer
3335:Slap bass
3320:Jazz bass
3285:Bass note
3278:Fuzz bass
3263:Bass clef
3206:GuitarrĂłn
3201:Euphonium
3151:Bass drum
2832:Saxonette
2681:March 10,
2671:Clariperu
2477:April 16,
2428:0361-5553
2401:0361-5553
2395:(4): 44.
2110:April 16,
2084:April 16,
1815:Finally,
1797:"clarion"
1779:saxophone
1733:chalumeau
1582:Don Byron
1527:Mwandishi
1433:madrigals
1425:Piazzolla
1402:Rotterdam
1339:Henri Bok
1225:Harmonien
1172:Epiesodos
1090:for flute
1019:Article 7
977:Rendering
813:Petrushka
656:La Bohème
640:Don Carlo
468:, and in
446:orchestra
255:soprano B
107:aerophone
3373:Sub-bass
3340:Walkdown
3330:Ostinato
3290:Bassline
3251:notation
3216:Octobass
2804:♭
2796:clarinet
2793:♭
2785:clarinet
2782:♭
2763:Clarinet
2638:: 21â52.
2590:(1940).
2576:: 36â46.
2534:: 65â88.
2268:June 22,
2131:Kunst.no
2058:April 6,
1952:♭
1946:♭
1937:♭
1923:La Valse
1900:♭
1891:♭
1874:♭
1865:♭
1853:Notation
1754:♭
1725:Salzburg
1658:ostinato
1421:Paganini
1281:Plus One
846:(1957),
822:(1913).
810:(1910),
748:♭
705:Don Juan
646:Falstaff
625:(1870),
588:(1882).
585:Parsifal
557:(1924).
544:La valse
541:(1912),
426:♭
413:♭
400:♭
394:♭
388:♭
378:♭
369:♯
362:♯
356:♭
332:overblow
312:bassoons
286:♭
276:♭
266:♭
261:clarinet
258:♭
251:clarinet
180:Clarinet
82:Woodwind
48:♭
45:2 long B
3181:Bassoon
3005:Related
2966:Leblanc
1879:bassoon
1821:Belgian
1739:In the
1717:dulcian
1695:History
1640:In rock
1447:In jazz
1417:Rossini
1239:Kantate
877:in his
840:" from
522:Te Deum
383:bassoon
249:of the
223:Leblanc
3383:Woofer
3300:Burden
2986:Selmer
2893:Oehler
2888:MĂźller
2883:Mazzeo
2868:Albert
2613:
2426:
2399:
2189:
1910:Mahler
1881:, the
1745:Passau
1612:, and
1423:, and
1361:, and
1289:Gaspra
1217:Sirius
1162:Aether
1088:Syrinx
993:) and
923:(2007)
767:, and
763:, and
281:octave
225:L400,
3354:Sound
2873:Boehm
1959:Notes
1928:et al
1918:Ravel
1729:crook
1467:" by
1312:Czech
1267:Youth
1262:MlĂĄdĂ
1212:Libra
1080:Aulos
755:, 6,
674:Edgar
662:Tosca
607:Tasso
458:piano
245:is a
3226:Tuba
2683:2006
2611:ISBN
2479:2015
2449:2023
2424:ISSN
2397:ISSN
2374:2023
2349:2023
2323:2023
2298:2022
2270:2007
2243:2023
2218:2023
2187:ISBN
2168:2023
2143:2006
2112:2015
2086:2015
2060:2022
1996:'s "
1819:, a
1769:The
1652:'s "
1628:and
1453:jazz
1333:and
1324:Bach
1118:and
790:and
741:and
733:and
665:and
643:and
622:Aida
474:jazz
448:and
440:Uses
328:bore
241:The
77:Wind
1975:'s
1920:'s
1912:or
1835:'s
1773:by
1723:in
1683:On
1644:On
1536:or
1525:'s
1485:'s
1287:'s
1279:'s
1086:'s
857:'s
829:'s
800:.
782:.
771:'s
615:.
605:),
551:'s
406:in
3400::
2669:.
2634:.
2572:.
2560:^
2540:^
2532:13
2530:.
2516:^
2465:.
2420:32
2418:.
2393:41
2391:.
2365:.
2340:.
2314:.
2289:.
2278:^
2234:.
2209:.
2159:.
2129:.
2102:.
2076:.
2051:.
2000:".
1983:".
1849:.
1680:.
1608:,
1604:,
1600:,
1596:,
1592:,
1588:,
1584:,
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1576:,
1572:,
1568:,
1560:,
1556:,
1552:,
1548:,
1544:,
1481:,
1435:,
1427:.
1419:,
1389:,
1385:)
1381:,
1377:,
1373:,
1369:,
1357:,
1275:,
1251::
1236::
1200::
1190::
1180::
1170::
1160::
1150::
1136::
1126:)
1078::
1064::
1027::
1017::
1007:â
985::
975::
965:â
949::
939::
929::
919::
897:â
833:.
765:11
759:,
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698:.
687:.
659:,
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631:,
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464:,
294:,
3114:e
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2790:E
2779:A
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2685:.
2636:9
2619:.
2574:7
2481:.
2451:.
2430:.
2403:.
2376:.
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2325:.
2300:.
2272:.
2245:.
2220:.
2195:.
2170:.
2145:.
2114:.
2088:.
2062:.
1979:"
1934:E
1794:(
1265:(
1220:)
1100:.
1072:)
1001:.
792:3
788:2
761:8
757:7
753:4
601:(
434:5
430:5
421:7
404:1
366:D
102:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
