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the house would stay in the Weeks-Barrett family. The sister of prominent lawyer James H. Weeks, Mary purchased the house at a time when the family was in transition soon after her brother's death. Without the patriarch James Weeks, described in an 1881 newspaper article on real estate assessments as âthe richest man in town,â the family began sinking into shabby gentility. The family's first decade in their new home at 55 Noxon was filled with loss. In 1892, Mary
Elizabeth died of pneumonia. In 1893, Charles W. Barrett, the husband of James Weeksâ sister Eloise, also died. Perhaps most tragic was the loss of Eloise and Charles Barrett's son, the quiet and reserved young bank clerk Charles K. Barrett, who died of tuberculosis at age 27 in 1894. Finally, another of Weeksâ sisters, Emily Weeks Vary died in 1897. It must have seemed that the spell of sadness was at last broken in 1900 when Eloise and Charles Barrett's other son, Tom Barrett, married Miss Kate Stoutenburgh of Washington D.C. and Hyde Park. Unfortunately, a year later, Tom Barrett and his wife Kate were burying their infant son.
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attention of art critics and launched
Barrett in a new direction. His new success with oil painting brought exhibit opportunities in New York at the Anderson Gallery, Argent Gallery, Times Gallery, Fifteen Gallery, Academy of Allied Arts, and the Brooklyn Museum. Outside of New York City, Barrett's work appeared at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, the Philadelphia Print Club, the Albany Institute of History and Art, the Connecticut Academy of Fine Arts, the Palm Beach Art Club, the Wood Cut Society of Kansas City and the Wichita Art Association. In the Hudson Valley, Barrett held one man shows at Bard College and the Hudson River Museum in Yonkers. Like other Depression era artists, Barrett also found work as a WPA muralist in 1936 and 1937 and became deeply committed to the art of social realism and the goal of introducing art into everyday life through murals and free public exhibitions.
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desolately beautiful. The international horrors of World War II, in particular the use of the atomic bomb, seemed to shake
Barrett deeply. At home, the death of Barrett's father in 1944 and the new need to share the family's beloved home with income-producing tenants were difficult burdens to bear. In 1947, Tom Barrett died prematurely as he had predicted. He was 45 years old. In responding to a condolence letter, Barrett's mother wrote simply about her son: âWhile his life was short, it was full; but he was unhappy about the many sad things in the world that are happening to people.â His home at 55 Noxon Street was the deeply loved touchstone of Barrett's world, serving as both an art studio and a refuge for a gifted but vulnerable soul who found there, with the help of a loving family, the strength to continue believing in himself and the importance of art in the modern world
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painting by also becoming a self-taught woodcut artist and printmaker. Barrett scholars Karal Ann
Marling and Helen Harrison have noted that in woodcuts and printmaking, Barrett was able to return to his roots in the decorative arts. In woodcut work, Barrett could indulge his special talent for advanced linear thinking which, back in his student days, had convinced him to major in decorative arts and design rather than painting. Among the results of Barrett's woodcut work are some particularly beautiful architectural images that attracted many, including FDR. For his private collection, President Roosevelt purchased a Barrett woodcut of St. James Church in Hyde Park. Barrett's brilliant woodcuts and haunting oil paintings remain important examples of Depression era regionalism in Hudson Valley art history.
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diaries, photos, letters and clippings the family lovingly saved as cherished objects which are now preserved in the
Barrett Art Center's archive at 55 Noxon Street. In their public lives, the Barretts showed equally impressive loyalty to their community. Barrett's father, a banker for 54 years, was the trusted expert the community turned to when it needed a treasurer for major civic projects like saving the historic Glebe House from demolition, building St. Francis Hospital, or creating the Bowne Memorial Tuberculosis Sanitarium. Barrett's mother was engaged with the community as well, although in the traditionally acceptable ladylike activities of the D.A.R. and the women's auxiliary of Christ Church.
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the city and was not new to the real estate world. In fact, she was the daughter of one of
Poughkeepsie's first Main Street developers, the industrialist and inventor Gilbert Brewster. Jennette Jewett likely saw a good investment opportunity in 55 Noxon Street. Properties like it, which were being used as âhigh class boarding houses,â were in high demand in 1866. A year later, Jewett sold 55 Noxon for $ 7,000. By 1869, she had sold the property on Mill St. for $ 8,500 - netting a profit of $ 1,075 on the deal. The doubling of the house's value from $ 3,550 in 1849 to $ 7,000 in 1867 suggests that the large rear addition to the house was completed sometime between 1849 and 1867.
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roof and equipped former domestic spaces on the first floor as galleries, maintaining interior woodwork, fireplaces, and surrounds. On the second floor, two spaces used as bedrooms by the
Barrett family were combined to create an art classroom space. Back bedrooms were converted to a library, collections, storage and a gallery space. Barrett's third floor studio was transformed into a printmaking studio with a fire escape. Barrett House maintained this layout until 2017, when the print studio equipment on the third floor was moved to an accessible community space (the Poughkeepsie Underwear Factory). Since then the space has returned to its intended use as an artistsâ studio.
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grew to as high as 14 by 1875 when Lucy
Townsend (by then a widow) was described as âkeeping a boarding houseâ in the federal census. At Lucy Townsend's death in 1879, the house was inherited by her wealthy nephew George W. Townsend. The house was sold by his heirs in 1882 to Captain James H. Wheeler and his wife Phebe. Wheeler's earliest years were said to have been spent at sea followed by work as a ship builder, hotel keeper and operator of a small boat on the Hudson. The nickname âCaptainâ followed him his entire life. During his years at 55 Noxon Street, from 1882 to 1887, Wheeler used the house as his family home and for his business as an awning and sail maker.
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student in the office of James Hooker, Dutchess County's
Surrogate for 16 years and a dominant force in the awarding of political patronage jobs within the Democratic Party. Bonesteel quickly became an up-and-coming young leader in county and state Democratic Committee work and was appointed Clerk of the County Board of Supervisors. His rise in these political and legal circles may have been assisted by his marriage in 1840 to Sarah E. Todd of New Milford Connecticut, the niece of Poughkeepsie attorney and former Secretary of the Navy, Smith Thompson who was then serving as a Justice on the United States Supreme Court.
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projected
Bonesteel's success within the community. Well-to-do families of this period, such as the Bonesteels, expressed their taste within this restrained form of domestic architecture that symbolized a young nation's hopes for becoming the new embodiment of the purity, strength and equality of an idealized ancient Greece. With its wide frieze of wreathed attic windows, ornamental stoop railing, two story porch with fluted Doric columns, and recessed double front door with rectangular transom, the Bonesteelsâ Greek Revival townhouse embodied the quiet elegance typical of this style.
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nineteenth century its economy came to be dominated by industry and manufacturing. For about a decade starting in 1832, Poughkeepsie also became an important center of the regional whaling industry. During the late 1830s and early 1840s, Poughkeepsie experienced a real estate boom in response to the growth of these enterprises and the efforts of the local Improvement Party, a group of businessmen and politicians who boosted the City within the region. The area's role as a manufacturing center was spurred by the completion of the Hudson River railroad to Poughkeepsie in 1849.
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Barrett's sister Elizabeth, known to her family as Bet, supported her brother's efforts to grow and sustain the local arts community. A long-time employee of the Poughkeepsie Bank and Trust Company, she helped the arts community with her financial skills. For example, she served as treasurer of the âVictory Calendarâ project of 1943. This fundraiser for local war work agencies captured the attention of President Roosevelt, who invited the Victory Calendar artists to hold an exhibit of their work at the FDR Library with a special opening ceremony hosted by the first lady.
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Three Arts Bookstore, the Elverhoj Art Shop, the IBM Country Club, and the county fair. Art classes had to be arranged in the evenings at the public school. Barrett's dedication to finding a better and more permanent alternative to these makeshift arrangements even extended to planning out how his own home at 55 Noxon Street could be redesigned as an art gallery with small private quarters at the back of the house for himself, his sister Betty and his parents â if only an âangelâ were to step forward with the funding.
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485:(Poughkeepsie, N.Y.: S.A. Matthieu, 1909), 200-208, 221-223; Larson Fisher Associates, âTown of Poughkeepsie, Dutchess County, New York: Reconnaissance-level Historic Resource Survey Update,â prepared by Larson Fisher Associates, Woodstock, New York, for the Town of Poughkeepsie Historical Commission, Poughkeepsie, New York, September 2011, IV-6, 19, 29, 31-35; Kweku Attafuah-Wadee, âPoughkeepsie Whaling Industry, 1830s-1840s: The Quick Rise and Fall of an Industry,â
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court. Bonesteel's seemingly extravagant personal life also came under fire by his enemies in the Whig party newspaper who sarcastically observed, âWe understand that our surrogate made an excursion the other day to New Milford WITH A COACH AND FOUR. Now it is clearly none of our business how he rides, but as he is now the leader of the party in the county, he must excuse us for feeling concerned about THE DEMOCRACY OF THE THINGâŚâ
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244:. This triple-landmark (National, State, and municipal) Greek Revival brick townhouse was built in the early 1840s. The Barrett House reflects three phases of construction. The original building is a ca. 1842 three-story, three-bay by four-bay Greek Revival brick house with a side-gabled, stepped roof. A two-story, three-bay by two-bay, front-gabled brick addition was constructed to its rear ca. 1867.
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his community realized the importance of these key elements in urban design. From 55 Noxon Street, Tom Barrett also organized the countyâs first art show in 1934. The show, which was held on the top floor of the Luckey-Platt Department store, included the work of approximately 50 local artists. A few months before his death in 1984, fellow artist Vince Walker remembered how it all began:
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Over 2,000 people visited this first ever regional art exhibit in the auditorium on the top floor of the Luckey-Platt Department Store. The press pronounced it âexhilaratingâ and an âeye opener of startling dimensions.â The community seemed stunned not just by the talent they saw revealed but also by
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Virgil D. Bonesteel, an ambitious Yale graduate (Phi Beta Kappa, Class of 1827) and descendant of Red Hook's early settlers, was one of the new professionals attracted to the bright future of Poughkeepsie that was heavily promoted during the boom years of the 1830s. His first position was that of law
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In 1974, 27 years after her brother's death, Barrett's beloved sister Betty fulfilled her brother's dream by bequeathing 55 Noxon to the Dutchess County Art Association as its permanent home â now known as the Barrett Art Center. After taking ownership of Barrett House, the DCAA replaced the failing
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Tom Barrett Jr.âs focus extended from painting Poughkeepsie to growing its arts community and improving the local quality of life. He pursued a particularly bold agenda for community betterment, advocating for a municipal art gallery, a civic center, and a reimagined waterfront long before others in
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Born in 1902, Tom Barrett enjoyed a sheltered and loving childhood at 55 Noxon Street. As an adult, Barrett gratefully noted that he had been born into a âprotected sphere of family care which has not diminished.â The remarkably tender devotion and domesticity of the Barrett family is evident in the
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In 1867, Jewett sold the property to retired Marlborough farmer Benjamin F. Townsend and his wife Lucy. Census records show that they operated 55 Noxon as a boarding house; assorted white-collar boarders occupied rooms in the house during the Townsend years at 55 Noxon Street. The number of boarders
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From 1849 to 1866, 55 Noxon St. was owned by Eliza Thompson, the widow of Supreme Court Judge Smith Thompson. Eliza Thompson was the daughter of Henry Livingston Jr. and grew up on the Livingston estate we know today as Locust Grove. In 1836, she married the much older widower, Supreme Court Justice
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In 1844, Bonesteel was appointed to the position of Dutchess County Surrogate. But the rough and tumble of politics derailed Bonesteel's rise when his enemies in the opposing Whig party accused him of levying âbloodsuckingâ fees on defenseless widows and orphans forced to settle their estates in his
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In the twentieth century, Barrett House achieved notoriety as the family home of Poughkeepsie-born WPA muralist Thomas Weeks Barrett. Jr. (1902-1947), who founded the Dutchess County Art Association (DCAA) in 1935 and lived there until his death in 1947. His artwork, family archive, and DCAA records
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Barrett's most cherished dream, however, remained the creation of a dedicated space for art exhibits and classes. During much of Barrett's life time, artists of the region had to rely on leased or donated exhibit space in various venues such as the Luckey-Platt Department Store, the Hotel Campbell,
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A group of us used to meet in Barrettâs studio to do some sketching and drawing. Tom and I thought it would be a good idea to get an exhibition together so we drove around the county and talked to some artists. Tom contacted Eleanor Roosevelt and some others to sponsor the exhibit. There really was
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Barrett began his career in the mid-1920s as a freelance commercial artist for New York City department stores and manufacturers - designing things like playing cards, book plates, wallpaper, and radio cabinets. Unable to make a living at this as the Depression deepened, Barrett returned home to 55
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However, Kate's arrival did start a new, more prosperous chapter in the family's history. Tom Barrett began a promising career at the Poughkeepsie National Bank, following in the footsteps of his deceased brother Charles and his uncle Isaac. At 55 Noxon Street, Tom and Kate Barrett settled into the
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After failing to sell the house at auction in 1887, the Wheelers sold it two years later to Miss Mary Elizabeth Weeks for $ 4,500. Within the decade after her purchase, the family likely added the rearmost addition to the house to update and expand its kitchen space. For the next three generations,
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During the years she owned 55 Noxon Street, Eliza Thompson remarried and began a new life elsewhere. The rental of 55 Noxon Street may have been managed for her, possibly by Jennette Jewett who purchased the property in 1866 and two lots on Mill Street for $ 14,425. Jewett owned other properties in
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Following the national financial panic of 1837, Poughkeepsie's booming real estate market ground to a near-halt. Bonesteel was able to take advantage of this, purchasing a lot for $ 1,325 on Noxon Street at a foreclosure auction in November 1841. The lot was made available by the financial collapse
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However, the haunting quality of Barrett's depictions of Poughkeepsie took its toll on Barrett's emotional and physical health. Privately, he mused that the intensity of producing such honest and original art would probably result in his early death. Barrett sought relief from the intensity of oil
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Never content with leaving art inside a gallery, Barrett also became county chairman of the national program âAmerican Art Weekâ which promoted the placement of art in the windows of stores, banks, theaters, and hotels in cities and towns across the country during the first week of each November.
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Throughout the 1930s, Barrett continued to more fully explore localism, an art movement that focused on looking for the universal in the particular. He obsessively painted Poughkeepsie, his own home town, in all its desolate and gritty beauty. In 1941, Barrett achieved one of his proudest moments
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Newly married, Virgil and Sarah Bonesteel began constructing their home soon after; construction most likely occurred in 1842 since Bonesteel is listed as residing at 55 Noxon St. in the first extant village directory of 1843. The builder is unknown. The completion of the elegant brick town home
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Despite his extraordinary talent and determination, Tom Barrett's life was filled with challenges too great to surmount: alcoholism, a deep sense of guilt for failing to earn even a modest income from his art, and tormented feelings about a hometown he found both dishearteningly provincial and
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During the summers of 1928â1930, a fundamental shift began occurring in Barrett's life as an artist. While visiting friends in New Hampshire, Maine and Massachusetts, Barrett began experimenting with oil painting. His depictions of the mills, fishing sheds and wharves of New England caught the
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Whether it was a âcoach and fourâ lifestyle, excessive real estate speculation or some other unknown factor, Bonesteel declared bankruptcy in 1848. In 1849, his extensive real estate holdings were sold to pay his debts. The Bonesteel home at 55 Noxon Street was described in foreclosure auction
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One of the oldest communities along the Hudson River, was initially settled during the late seventeenth century. Though it grew slowly, it was well situated near the major transportation routes and was named the county seat in 1717. The village became a center of commerce and trade and by the
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Today, the third-floor studio Barrett designed in 1930, with a 7-foot by 9-foot north-facing sky-light, is an active studio used by an artist in residence. The DCAA collection includes artwork â much of it Barrett's â and archives including his family papers, film, photographs, manuscripts,
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Smith Thompson and became the elegant young hostess of an elite political circle at her husband's riverfront estate âRust Plaetzâ (now part of Poughkeepsie Rural Cemetery). Eliza Thompson used 55 Noxon as an income-producing property, renting it to a series of well-to-do tenants.
631:âArt Exhibition Opens Todayâ October 13, 1934 (unknown Poughkeepsie paper), âThe Countyâs First Art Showâ -Editorial Poughkeepsie Sunday Courier (October 1934) (These clippings appear in âEarly Dutchess County Art Association Clipping Fileâ Barrett Art Center).
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Barrett died in 1947 and his sister bequeathed the townhouse to the DCAA in 1974. The DCAA subsequently converted its first and second floor living spaces to four galleries, a community arts space, and offices, and operates under the name
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Typed Draft of Thomas W. Barrett, Jr. Obituary (No date) Barrett Family Papers, Collection of Dutchess County Art Association, Barrett Art Center. âThomas Weeks Barrettâ National Cyclopedia of American Biography Volume 36, 1967,
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Marling, Karal Ann and Helen A. Harrison. âPortrait of Poughkeepsie: Tom Barrettâ Hudson River Valley Review, Vol. 28, No. 2, Spring 2012, 127. âThomas Weeks Barrettâ National Cyclopedia of American Biography Volume 36, 1967,
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quiet life of a small-town banker and his wife raising their two children, Thomas Jr. and Elizabeth, in a sheltered and loving environment with idyllic summers spent at the Putnam, Connecticut farm of Kate Barrett's father.
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how oblivious they had been to its existence. The following year, Tom Barrett and Vince Walker formalized this initial success by founding the Dutchess County Art Association. Tom Barrett served as its first president.
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271:. Barrett turned his artistic attention to the urban landscapes of cities along the Hudson as symbols of a resilient and modern American character. Barrett organized the first art exhibition in Dutchess County at the
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572:âPaintings by Thomas Barrett, Jr. at the Elverhoj Art Shopâ 1931 pamphlet, Barrett Family Papers, Collection of Dutchess County Art Association, Barrett Art Center. Marling, Karal Ann and
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of shoe manufacturer Benjamin Bissell, one of the many who had ventured into real estate speculation during the âyears of Poughkeepsieâs âImprovement Partyâ boom in the mid-1830s.
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Noxon Street in 1929 where he lived for the rest of his life, working from the attic studio he created, which looked out over the backyards and rooftops of his âdear Poky.â
267:â painter Barrett fashioned a modern iteration of the region's landscapes first immortalized a century earlier by the founders of the nation's first major art movement, the
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in 1926, but his energies and artwork centered on the Hudson Valley. Barrett worked professionally as a designer, painter, printmaker, and as a muralist for the
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Will of Thomas Weeks Barrett Jr., handwritten February 25, 1934. Barrett Family Papers, Collection of Dutchess County Art Association, Barrett Art Center.
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when art critic and collector Duncan Phillips purchased his painting âDowntown Poughkeepsieâ for the Phillips Memorial Gallery in Washington D.C.
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Drawing: Angel to Buy House and Lot 55 Noxon (no date); Barrett Family Papers, Collection of Dutchess County Art Association; Barrett Art Center.
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Marling, Karal Ann and Helen A. Harrison. âPortrait of Poughkeepsie: Tom Barrettâ Hudson River Valley Review, Vol. 28, No. 2, Spring 2012, 115.
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Marling, Karal Ann and Helen A. Harrison. âPortrait of Poughkeepsie: Tom Barrettâ Hudson River Valley Review, Vol. 28, No. 2, Spring 2012, 124.
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no art community in Poughkeepsie at the time. Exclusive of exhibits at Vassar College, this was the first art exhibition in the community.
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http://pages.vassar.edu/hudsonvalleyguidebook/2013/06/03/poughkeepsie-whaling-industry-1830s-1840s-the-quick-rise-and-fall-of-an-industry/
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Barrett, Tom. Autobiography Postscript. Barrett Family Papers, Collection of Dutchess County Art Association, Barrett Art Center.
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Correspondence: Condolence Letters; Barrett Family Papers, Collection of Dutchess County Art Association, Barrett Art Center.
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Autobiography of Tom Barrett; Barrett Family Papers, Collection of Dutchess County Art Association, Barrett Art Center.
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Diary of Kate Barrett, 1945; Barrett Family Papers, Collection of Dutchess County Art Association, Barrett Art Center.
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576:. âPortrait of Poughkeepsie: Tom Barrettâ Hudson River Valley Review, Vol. 28, No. 2, Spring 2012, 125-126.
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658:âElizabeth Weeks Barrettâ Poughkeepsie Journal June 9, 1974; Poughkeepsie New Yorker February 28, 1943.
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advertisements as a âlarge and spacious house, one of the most desirable in Poughkeepsie.â
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25th Anniversary of Dutchess County Art Association, Poughkeepsie Journal March 16, 1960.
506:âVirgil Bonesteelâ Supplement to Obituary Records of Graduates of Yale College 1860-1870.
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Poughkeepsie New Yorker October 22, 1943; Poughkeepsie Evening Star October 10, 1943.
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563:âKatharine Emerson Stoutenburgh Barrettâ Poughkeepsie Journal August 7, 1962.
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604:âPhillips Takes Barrettâs Workâ Poughkeepsie Evening Star November 19, 1941.
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Early 19th century Poughkeepsie & the Construction of 55 Noxon Street
613:âArtist Praises Riverfront Planâ Poughkeepsie New Yorker April 18, 1950.
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Poughkeepsie Journal March 9, 1836, February 8, 1837 and June 13, 1838.
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Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)
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Poughkeepsie Journal October 3, 1846, October 10, 1846, June 5, 1847.
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New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation
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459:"National Register of Historic Places Registration:Barrett House"
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memorabilia, and DCAA records, all of which remain in the house.
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622:âToasts to Come from the Artâ Poughkeepsie Journal May 4, 1984.
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National Register of Historic Places in Poughkeepsie, New York
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722:âArt Center to Openâ Poughkeepsie Journal February 2, 1975.
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Thomas W. Barrett Jr. graduated from the School of the
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The house, now Barrett Arts Center, in December 2015.
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History of the National Register of Historic Places
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287:The three-story, three bay brick building in the
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1401:Tourist attractions in Poughkeepsie, New York
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772:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
38:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
16:Historic house in New York, United States
1386:Greek Revival houses in New York (state)
457:Townley McElhiney Sharp (August 1980).
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339:19th Century History of 55 Noxon Street
533:Poughkeepsie Journal February 10, 1849
434:"National Register Information System"
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524:Poughkeepsie Journal August 31, 1844.
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439:National Register of Historic Places
364:Thomas Weeks Barrett Jr. (1902-1947)
304:National Register of Historic Places
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107:Show map of the United States
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263:(1937). As a Hudson Valley â
19:United States historic place
257:Treasury Relief Art Project
253:Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
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153:41.70056°N 73.92806°W
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302:It was added to the
82:Show map of New York
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158:41.70056; -73.92806
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172:less than one acre
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574:Helen A. Harrison
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1194:New Rochelle
1094:St. Lawrence
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466:. Retrieved
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228:
122:Poughkeepsie
1295:Other lists
1144:Westchester
1074:Schenectady
869:Cattaraugus
156: /
132:Coordinates
1370:Categories
1134:Washington
1054:Rensselaer
989:Montgomery
974:Livingston
879:Chautauqua
468:2011-01-08
417:References
293:brownstone
144:73°55â˛41âłW
1276:Rochester
1271:Rhinebeck
1261:Peekskill
1222:Manhattan
1079:Schoharie
959:Jefferson
842:by county
306:in 1982.
141:41°42â˛2âłN
1335:Category
1281:Syracuse
1207:Brooklyn
1154:Southern
1149:Northern
1119:Tompkins
1109:Sullivan
1084:Schuyler
1069:Saratoga
1064:Rockland
1014:Onondaga
954:Herkimer
949:Hamilton
929:Franklin
914:Dutchess
909:Delaware
904:Cortland
899:Columbia
889:Chenango
854:Allegany
776:New York
297:Eastlake
214:82001122
126:New York
117:Location
1286:Yonkers
1189:Buffalo
1177:by city
1161:Wyoming
1104:Suffolk
1099:Steuben
1029:Orleans
1019:Ontario
1004:Niagara
979:Madison
939:Genesee
894:Clinton
884:Chemung
1212:Queens
1184:Albany
1129:Warren
1124:Ulster
1089:Seneca
1049:Queens
1044:Putnam
1039:Otsego
1034:Oswego
1024:Orange
1009:Oneida
994:Nassau
984:Monroe
944:Greene
934:Fulton
874:Cayuga
864:Broome
849:Albany
783:Topics
1202:Bronx
1175:Lists
1166:Yates
1139:Wayne
1114:Tioga
969:Lewis
924:Essex
859:Bronx
840:Lists
177:Built
1345:List
919:Erie
180:1835
169:Area
774:in
686:35.
586:35.
209:No.
196:MPS
1372::
547:^
461:.
442:.
436:.
425:^
236:,
124:,
764:e
757:t
750:v
471:.
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