110:
98:
994:, now the last remaining Republican outpost on the Portuguese border, isolated from the Republic. Franco personally supervised the operation against Mérida and on the evening of August 10, received Yagüe in his headquarters to discuss the capture of Badajoz and the next objectives. He wanted to knock out the city to unify the two sections of the rebel zone and leave the left flank of the advancing columns covered by the Portuguese border.
904:
1172:, where machine-guns were set up on the barriers around the ring. The screams of the dying could be heard many streets away. Murder and mass rape flared unchecked for several days, and Yagüe's failure to call a halt to the killings earned him the nickname, "The Butcher of Badajoz". Foreign correspondents, depending on their political sympathies, reported between an estimated 1,800 and 4,000 civilian deaths.
1187:(Portuguese), and Marcel Dany and René Bru (French); there are also photographs that survive of the massacre. Today, most historians recognize that Yagüe killed thousands of militiamen and civilians after the fall of the city and burned the corpses because he did not want to leave enemies, either soldiers or civilians, to the rear of his army. In fact, Yagüe was quoted to have said the following to
1207:
The massacre at
Badajoz was not a unique case in the march of Yagüe's column from Seville to Badajoz. In every city conquered by Yagüe's men, many civilians were killed. Over six thousand people were killed in the province of Badajoz alone (including the city of Badajoz itself). Most of the victims
1041:
Before the attack, Badajoz was continuously bombarded by
Nationalist artillery and bombers for three days. The rebels, coming from the East, launched their attack on the morning of August 14, after shelling the town again. Colonel Puigdendolas, along with the Mayor and other members of the defence
1022:
Inside the ancient fortress-city, large sections of whose walls had been demolished some years before the war,. The border with
Portugal was on the west side of the city. Rebels were coming from the East. The city had been flooded with refugees and the atmosphere in the city was one of doom-laden
1153:
would prove able to sweep prepared defences held by superior enemy forces, but often suffered heavy losses of its best troops. By year's end, many of the
Spanish Foreign Legion lay dead, scattered along a trail of walled towns stretching from Seville to the outskirts of Madrid.
1221:
1098:
Once inside the ramparts the military drove the
Republican militia before them, knifing and bayoneting their way toward the city centre, including killing those who had thrown down their weapons and had their hands up.
1226:
1060:(Car Gate), and the Legionnaires and Moroccans swept the Republicans from the barracks. Meanwhile, many soldiers inside the city defected to the rebels, easily allowing the entrance of the attackers into the city.
1033:, the leader in charge of the Republican force of about 2,000 - 4,000 or 6,000 militia (depending on the sources), had crushed the revolt, but it had taken its toll of men and morale.
227:
419:
1168:
It has been widely reported that the
Nationalists sacked Badajoz and killed thousands of prisoners and civilians, culminating in an infamous round of executions in the town's
1079:
won the gate, and the
Nationalists overtook the defenders, pouring through the breach and killing them in hand-to-hand combat. But, the cost was appalling: the attacking 16th
919:: the rebels had not managed to take power, but the Republic could not crush them either. This left rebel forces in control of only approximately a third of the country.
1071:, had been placed there in anticipation of the action. Determined resistance by Republican machine gunners and riflemen checked the assault, shredding several waves of
907:
Republican (red) and
Nationalist (blue) controlled areas, September 1936. Green areas represent the Nationalist territorial gains since the beginning of the war.
1023:
anticipation. The
Nationalists had been successful since the beginning of their advance. Moreover, on August 6, when the Nationalist army approached, a body of
879:
victory, however at a significant cost in time and troops. After several days of shelling and bombardment, Nationalists stormed the fortified border city of
2057:
1983:
1083:
had lost 76 out of 90 officers and men (other sources cite 20 dead, 22 wounded and 2 missing). All of the unit's officers fell in the attack excepting the
326:
220:
2052:
2027:
2032:
1091:(other sources: two officers dead out of five). Meanwhile, Asensio's men had entered in the city by a breach in the city walls; the storming of the
852:
291:
259:
114:
959:
transporting the remaining and the heaviest gear. By August 1, General Franco was able to order a sweep north to link up his forces assembled at
812:
685:
515:
285:
279:
213:
1949:
1863:
1793:
1771:
1358:
414:
805:
1616:
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252:
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1891:
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1849:
1835:
1821:
1807:
1785:
1757:
491:
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505:
458:
297:
424:
1135:
1016:
451:
385:
1199:
with me as my column advanced, racing against time? Was I expected to turn them loose in my rear and let them make
Badajoz
986:, the Nationalists had secured 300 km of the Portuguese frontier. Mérida fell after a stiff fight on the banks of the
498:
434:
319:
971:
312:
143:
2042:
1231:
1146:
1115:
The battle contributed several days to the delay which allowed the government to organize its defenses around Madrid.
776:
702:
615:
1208:
were journeymen and farmers, and the wholesale massacre of the populace later became known to the world as Franco's
1141:
The Battle of Badajoz followed patterns that continued throughout much of the summer: Republican militia seized the
2037:
729:
666:
510:
271:
967:
756:
656:
622:
529:
267:
138:
841:
734:
714:
692:
661:
1149:, yet could not halt nor even slow down the advance of Franco's professional and better equipped troops. The
1529:
1080:
884:
788:
771:
637:
429:
343:
102:
671:
2022:
1188:
1084:
1076:
1030:
1003:
940:
409:
360:
127:
1263:
Beevor, Antony. The battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War:1936-1939. Penguin Books. 2006. London. p.120
553:
1337:
Beevor, Antony. The battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War:1936-1939. Penguin Books. 2006. London. p.91
1025:
956:
836:
826:
766:
535:
355:
365:
1897:
1209:
948:
831:
719:
541:
463:
396:
390:
349:
332:
1176:
1163:
1075:
of the Spanish Foreign Legion. Ignoring their losses, the Legionnaires pressed on. A charge led by
820:
793:
761:
739:
594:
582:
570:
439:
370:
77:
1882:
Julía, Santos; Casanova, Julián; Solé I Sabaté, Josep Maria; Villarroya, Joan; Moreno, Francisco.
1679:
Julía, Santos; Casanova, Julián; Solé I Sabaté, Josep Maria; Villarroya, Joan; Moreno, Francisco.
1653:
Julía, Santos; Casanova, Julián; Solé I Sabaté, Josep Maria; Villarroya, Joan; Moreno, Francisco.
975:
891:
and linking the northern and southern zones of Nationalist control (although actual contact with
846:
782:
751:
697:
650:
588:
565:
338:
603:
1945:
1926:
1907:
1887:
1873:
1859:
1845:
1831:
1817:
1803:
1789:
1781:
1767:
1753:
1620:
1545:
1364:
1354:
912:
872:
745:
643:
627:
477:
402:
380:
302:
237:
30:
2047:
1195:"Of course we shot them - he said to me - what do you expect? Was I supposed to take 4,000
983:
928:
920:
800:
708:
677:
632:
575:
547:
523:
484:
468:
1552:
724:
559:
445:
307:
109:
1049:
On the south side of the city, Nationalist units stormed the walls easily. The Moroccan
1184:
987:
903:
1901:
1479:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz. 2003.
1405:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz. 2003.
978:
detachments, pausing to bombard and capture walled frontier towns. By August 10, when
2016:
1965:
1800:
Los moros que trajo Franco...La intervención de tropas coloniales en la guerra civil.
1668:
Los moros que trajo Franco...La intervención de tropas coloniales en la guerra civil.
1100:
979:
876:
133:
1169:
1150:
932:
1350:
International communism and the Spanish Civil War : solidarity and suspicion
1870:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.
1826:
Casanova, Julián; Espinosa, Francisco; Mir, Conxita; y Moreno GÓMEZ, Francisco.
1733:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.
1720:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.
1707:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.
1694:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.
1642:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.
1518:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.
1505:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.
1457:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.
1444:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.
1326:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.
1313:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.
1287:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.
1274:
La columna de la muerte. El avance del ejército franquista de Sevilla a Badajoz.
1131:
1119:
955:
most of them, and ensured that the Republican Navy did not cross the way of the
924:
892:
57:
1975:
1998:
1985:
1468:
Julián Chaves Palacios, La Guerra Civil en Extremadura: Operaciones Militares
1368:
1200:
1196:
1180:
1011:
1050:
1348:
1142:
1088:
1043:
923:
died in a plane crash on the 20th of July, only three days into the war.
888:
609:
1617:"Memoria - República - Textos Imprescindibles - las matanzas de Badajoz"
1222:
List of Spanish Nationalist military equipment of the Spanish Civil War
1007:
991:
960:
952:
880:
53:
1227:
List of Spanish Republican military equipment of the Spanish Civil War
1127:
1123:
1063:
The only place where the attack encountered difficulties was around
205:
944:
902:
97:
61:
1828:
Morir, matar, sobrevivir. La violencia en la dictadura de Franco.
1534:
Morir, matar, sobrevivir. La violencia en la dictadura de Franco.
1103:
raged past nightfall. The Legionnaires later captured 43 wounded
1042:
committee, slipped out of the city at about 9:00 am and fled to
1175:
There are various eyewitness accounts and other reports of the
1118:
The fall of Badajoz tore from the Republic the large region of
931:
took care of the Moroccan part. His first move had been to get
209:
1532:; Espinosa, Francisco; Mir, Conxita; Moreno Gómez, Francisco.
939:
air support to transport almost 10,000 regular troops of the
895:'s northern troops was not established until September 8).
1578:
The Spanish civil war. Reaction, revolution & revenge.
1002:
Yagüe marched against Badajoz with 2,250 soldiers of the
1778:
Contra el olvido. Historia y memoria de la guerra civil.
1067:(Trinity Gate). The defenders' most reliable force, the
1353:. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. p. 6.
1750:
The battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War:1936-1939.
1179:, including some from foreign correspondents, such as
1107:
in the military hospital, and afterward, killed them.
1923:
La Guerra Civil en Extremadura: Operaciones Militares
1670:
Ediciones Martínez Roca. Barcelona. 2002. pp.299-300
1015:, and five field batteries (total 30 guns), leaving
1134:. During his trek, he engaged Republican forces in
1606:Random House Mondadori. 2008. Madrid. pp. 388-390.
1546:Rafael Tenorio, Las matanzas de Badajoz (Spanish)
951:. German and Italian planes, painted as Spanish,
1683:Ediciones Temas de Hoy. Madrid. 1999. Pagina 76.
915:had begun on July 19, 1936, after a half-failed
1709:Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2003. pp. 431-433
23:
871:was one of the first major engagements of the
221:
8:
1657:Ediciones Temas de Hoy. Madrid. 1999. p. 77.
1536:Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2002. pp.73-74
1420:Junta de Extremadura. 2007 Mérida. pp. 47-63
1446:2003. Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. p.88-89
1802:Ediciones Martínez Roca. Barcelona. 2002.
1696:Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2003. p.491.
1459:2003. Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. pag.90
1433:Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2006. p. 134
1328:Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2003. p.103.
228:
214:
206:
20:
1966:Spartacus Educational - Battle of Badajoz
1735:Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2003. p.244
1722:Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2003. p.433
1494:Junta de Extremadura. 2007. Mérida. p.88.
1315:Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2003. p.91.
1289:Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2003. p.90.
1814:La república española y la guerra civil.
1520:2003. Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. p.91
1507:2003. Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. p.93
1383:La república española y la guerra civil.
1302:Junta de Extremadura. 2007. Mérida. p.55
1276:Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2003. p.77
1252:La república española y la guerra civil.
875:, resulting in a tactical and strategic
420:Santuario de Nuestra Señora de la Cabeza
1858:2008. Random House Mondadori. Madrid.
1243:
1029:had attempted to defect to the rebels.
974:, the Nationalist Army dashed north in
1886:Ediciones Temas de Hoy. Madrid. 1999.
1580:Harper Perennial. London. 2006. p.121
7:
1872:2003. Editorial Crítica. Barcelona.
1844:Editorial Crítica. 2004. Barcelona.
1830:2004. Editorial Crítica. Barcelona.
1780:Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2006.
1766:Junta de Extremadura. Mérida. 2007.
1481:Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. p.103.
963:with General Mola's distant forces.
883:on August 14, 1936, cutting off the
1644:Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. 2003.
1593:Junta de Extremadura. 2007. Mérida.
1407:Editorial Crítica. Barcelona. p. 63
990:, leaving the neighbouring city of
2058:History of the province of Badajoz
1567:Penguin Books. London. 2001. p.361
1254:Editorial Crítica. Barcelona.1976.
195:3,500 wounded, captured or missing
14:
2053:Spanish Civil War in Extremadura
2028:Battles of the Spanish Civil War
1856:El mito de la cruzada de Franco.
1604:El mito de la cruzada de Franco.
927:had control of the North, while
108:
96:
2033:Military history of Extremadura
1976:La matanza de Badajoz (Spanish)
1921:Julián Chaves Palacios (1997).
1971:La Marcha: The Drive on Madrid
1385:2005. RBA. Barcelona. Pag. 227
1347:Kirschenbaum, Lisa A. (2015).
1031:Colonel Ildefonso Puigdendolas
172:2,000 militiamen, 500 soldiers
1:
1752:Penguin Books. 2006. London.
982:arrived to take command near
980:Lieutenant Colonel Juan Yagüe
155:3rd Infantry Regiment Castile
1884:Victimas de la guerra civil.
1681:Victimas de la guerra civil.
1655:Victimas de la guerra civil.
1138:in the weeks that followed.
1232:Badajoz bastioned enclosure
1095:was later seen as useless.
2074:
1161:
1842:La guerra civil española.
247:
187:
162:
149:
120:
89:
36:
28:
1925:. Junta de Extremadura.
1854:Southworth, Herbert H.
1602:Southworth, Herbert H.
1394:Preston (2012). p. 314.
1019:behind to hold Mérida.
16:Spanish civil war fight
1816:2005. RBA. Barcelona.
1764:La matanza de Badajoz.
1666:De Madariaga, MºRosa.
1591:La matanza de Badajoz.
1565:The Spanish civil war.
1492:La matanza de Badajoz.
1431:La justicia de Queipo.
1418:La matanza de Badajoz.
1300:La matanza de Badajoz.
1004:Spanish Foreign Legion
972:Major Antonio Castejón
968:Colonel Carlos Asensio
941:Spanish Army of Africa
908:
806:Sant Vicenç de Calders
128:Ildefonso Puigdendolas
121:Commanders and leaders
1942:The Spanish Holocaust
1940:Paul Preston (2012).
1903:The Spanish Civil War
1868:Espinosa, Francisco.
1798:De Madariaga, MºRosa
1776:Espinosa, Francisco.
1731:Espinosa, Francisco.
1718:Espinosa, Francisco.
1705:Espinosa, Francisco.
1692:Espinosa, Francisco.
1640:Espinosa, Francisco.
1516:Espinosa, Francisco.
1503:Espinosa, Francisco.
1477:Espinosa, Francisco.
1455:Espinosa, Francisco.
1442:Espinosa, Francisco.
1429:Espinosa, Francisco.
1403:ESPINOSA, Francisco.
1324:Espinosa, Francisco.
1311:Espinosa, Francisco.
1285:Espinosa, Francisco.
1272:Espinosa, Francisco.
1158:Massacre of civilians
1093:Puerta de la Trinidad
1065:Puerta de la Trinidad
906:
356:Convoy de la Victoria
298:Cuartel de la Montaña
188:Casualties and losses
183:at least four bombers
1151:Spanish regular army
1058:Puerta de Los Carros
966:Led in the field by
949:Straits of Gibraltar
452:Ciudad Universitaria
200:44 dead, 141 wounded
73:Nationalist victory
1995: /
1177:massacre of Badajoz
1164:Massacre of Badajoz
1145:fortresses dotting
1056:pushed through the
899:Strategic situation
893:General Emilio Mola
327:German intervention
78:Massacre of Badajoz
2043:August 1936 events
1906:. Modern Library.
1812:Jackson, Gabriel.
1551:2006-09-07 at the
1381:Jackson, Gabriel.
1250:Jackson, Gabriel.
998:Tactical situation
909:
887:from neighbouring
268:July 1936 uprising
115:Nationalist rebels
2038:Conflicts in 1936
1951:978-0-00-255634-7
1864:978-84-8346-574-5
1794:978-84-8432-794-3
1772:978-84-9852-002-6
1360:978-1-107-10627-7
957:Nationalist fleet
913:Spanish Civil War
873:Spanish Civil War
869:Battle of Badajoz
862:
861:
313:Cuartel de Loyola
239:Spanish Civil War
204:
203:
85:
84:
31:Spanish Civil War
24:Battle of Badajoz
2065:
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1999:38.867°N 6.967°W
1996:
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1992:
1991:
1988:
1955:
1944:. Harper Press.
1936:
1917:
1840:Villar, Pierre.
1748:Beevor, Antony.
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492:2nd Corunna Road
459:1st Corunna Road
386:Sierra Guadalupe
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260:List of battles
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150:Units involved
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2023:1936 in Spain
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2018:
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1077:armoured cars
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921:José Sanjurjo
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720:3rd Barcelona
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292:1st Barcelona
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158:Madrid Column
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35:
32:
27:
22:
1980:
1941:
1922:
1902:
1883:
1869:
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1827:
1813:
1799:
1777:
1763:
1749:
1732:
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1625:. Retrieved
1621:the original
1611:
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1268:
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1210:White Terror
1206:
1194:
1193:
1183:(American),
1174:
1167:
1140:
1117:
1114:
1104:
1097:
1092:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1062:
1057:
1053:
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1024:
1021:
1010:
1001:
965:
943:to southern
916:
910:
868:
866:
851:
819:
794:
781:
757:Los Blázquez
744:
715:2nd Belchite
707:
676:
657:1st Belchite
649:
642:
616:
608:
587:
558:
546:
534:
522:
476:
475:
469:
444:
435:Cape Spartel
410:Monte Pelado
395:
375:
361:Almendralejo
348:
331:
290:
278:
258:
251:
176:some bombers
90:Belligerents
72:
2002: /
1898:Hugh Thomas
1185:Mário Neves
1132:Tagus River
1122:, north of
1120:Extremadura
1069:Carabineros
947:across the
925:Emilio Mola
917:coup d'état
877:Nationalist
827:Valsequillo
789:2nd Gandesa
735:1st Gandesa
617:Deutschland
536:Guadalajara
350:Extremadura
58:Extremadura
2017:Categories
1743:References
1627:2006-09-03
1105:milicianos
1073:IV Bandera
1037:The battle
837:La Garriga
777:2nd Mérida
767:Granollers
730:2nd Lérida
703:Cape Palos
693:Valladolid
672:1st Lérida
667:Sabiñánigo
638:Albarracín
542:Pozoblanco
464:Villarreal
371:1st Mérida
333:Guadarrama
272:Revolution
253:Background
134:Juan Yagüe
1369:906798249
1181:Jay Allen
1170:bull ring
1111:Aftermath
1054:regulares
1012:regulares
976:motorized
953:airlifted
847:Cartagena
821:Catalonia
795:Cantabria
595:El Mazuco
583:Santander
339:Andalusia
142:Lt. Col.
137:Lt. Col.
132:Lt. Col.
1900:(2001).
1549:Archived
1216:See also
1143:medieval
1130:and the
1089:corporal
1087:and one
1044:Portugal
1008:Moroccan
889:Portugal
762:Alicante
752:Balaguer
698:Alfambra
651:Zaragoza
589:Asturias
571:Guernica
478:Aceituna
415:Talavera
397:Gipuzkoa
366:Sigüenza
193:750 dead
174:up 2,000
163:Strength
49:Location
29:Part of
2048:Badajoz
1987:38°52′N
1203:again?"
1147:Castile
1085:captain
1081:Company
992:Badajoz
961:Seville
937:Italian
881:Badajoz
842:Minorca
746:Levante
644:Brunete
628:Segovia
623:Almería
566:Durango
391:Córdoba
381:Majorca
376:Badajoz
344:Alcázar
286:Seville
280:Melilla
181:30 guns
54:Badajoz
1990:6°58′W
1948:
1929:
1910:
1890:
1876:
1862:
1848:
1834:
1820:
1806:
1792:
1784:
1770:
1756:
1367:
1357:
1128:Madrid
1124:Huelva
1051:Tetuán
1006:, 750
984:Mérida
933:German
832:Xàtiva
772:Bielsa
709:Aragon
678:Teruel
633:Huesca
576:Bilbao
560:Biscay
524:Jarama
511:Málaga
485:Lopera
470:Ursula
446:Madrid
440:Seseña
425:Guinea
308:Oviedo
69:Result
1238:Notes
945:Spain
801:Cabra
740:Segre
725:Caspe
303:Gijón
170:4,000
168:6,000
126:Col.
62:Spain
1946:ISBN
1927:ISBN
1908:ISBN
1888:ISBN
1874:ISBN
1860:ISBN
1846:ISBN
1832:ISBN
1818:ISBN
1804:ISBN
1790:ISBN
1782:ISBN
1768:ISBN
1754:ISBN
1365:OCLC
1355:ISBN
1197:reds
970:and
935:and
911:The
867:The
813:1939
783:Ebro
686:1938
604:Jaén
499:1937
403:Irún
320:1936
41:Date
1201:red
2019::
1788:,
1363:.
1212:.
1191::
1046:.
270:/
60:,
56:,
1954:.
1935:.
1916:.
1630:.
1371:.
229:e
222:t
215:v
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